ES2645442T3 - Formulaciones de polvo seco - Google Patents
Formulaciones de polvo seco Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2645442T3 ES2645442T3 ES04798927.2T ES04798927T ES2645442T3 ES 2645442 T3 ES2645442 T3 ES 2645442T3 ES 04798927 T ES04798927 T ES 04798927T ES 2645442 T3 ES2645442 T3 ES 2645442T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- particles
- dry powder
- powder formulations
- fraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/0075—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a dry powder inhaler [DPI], e.g. comprising micronized drug mixed with lactose carrier particles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
Un polvo seco para inhalación que comprende partículas activas y partículas portadoras para el soporte de las partículas activas, conteniendo la formulación además estearato de magnesio en una cantidad de al menos el 0,5% en peso de la formulación y en el que las partículas de estearato de magnesio están dispuestas sobre la superficie de las partículas portadoras de manera que la cobertura superficial de las partículas portadoras es inferior al 5%, según se determina usando SEM-EDX.
Description
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Ejemplo 2
Las partículas de la Formulación 1 del Ejemplo 1 se dispersan y pegan sobre una cinta de carbono y se sombrean con oro/platino. Micrografías electrónicas de retrodispersión y el mapeo de rayos X se llevan a cabo después utilizando. Estos se analizan después en Microscopio Electrónico de Barrido StereoScan 360/EDX.
El análisis de mapeo de rayos X y BSE muestra solamente una cobertura muy localizada de estearato de magnesio y una cobertura de superficie muy baja (inferior al 10%).
Ejemplo 3: Medición de la fracción de partículas finas
Las formulaciones 1 y 2 empleadas son aquellas formadas según el Ejemplo 1 anterior.
Después de llenar las formulaciones en los dispositivos IPS, se dejan reposar los dispositivos durante al menos 24 horas antes del ensayo.
La distribución de tamaño de partícula aerodinámico de la Formulación 1 se determina utilizando un impulsor doble a una velocidad de flujo de 60 l/min (Aparato A de la Farmacopea Europea, 4.4 sección 2.9.18). El diámetro de corte efectivo para la etapa 3 de este aparato que recoge la fracción de partículas finas es de 6,4 micras. La dosis de partículas finas es la cantidad de fármaco que se encuentra en la cámara de choque inferior de este aparato (etapa 2).
La distribución de tamaño de partícula aerodinámico de la Formulación 2 se determina utilizando un impulsor líquido multigradual a una velocidad de flujo de 60 l/min (aparato C de la Farmacopea Europea 4.4, sección 2.9.18). El diámetro de corte efectivo para la etapa 3 de este aparato es de 6,8 micras. La dosis de partículas finas se calcula determinando y añadiendo la cantidad de fármaco encontrado en la etapa 3,4 y en la etapa de filtración.
Se descargan 10 disparos de las formulaciones del Ejemplo 1 en el aparato dimensionador de partículas anteriormente especificado a una velocidad de flujo establecida de 60 l/min. Las partículas de fármaco aerosolizadas y suministradas se clasifican de acuerdo con su momento de partícula alcanzado en el flujo que depende del tamaño de partícula aerodinámico equivalente. Por tanto, se depositan fracciones de la dosis en diferentes partes o etapas de recogida del aparato según el tamaño de partícula aerodinámico equivalente de las partículas de fármaco. Cada fracción se recoge, se ajusta en volumen y se analiza usando HPLC.
El análisis de HPLC de la Formulación 1 mostró que la fracción de partículas finas (inferior a 6,4 micras) de la dosis suministrada al aparato de impulsión doble es de aproximadamente el 37%.
El análisis de HPLC de la Formulación 2 mostró que la fracción de partículas finas (inferior a 6,8 micras) de la dosis suministrada al aparato multigradual es de aproximadamente el 32%.
Ejemplo 4: Evaluación de los efectos del método de mezcla o combinación de los polvos secos
Se preparan ejemplos comparativos mezclando los ingredientes de la Fórmula 1 y los ingredientes de la Fórmula 2 bajo condiciones de mezcla de alto cizallamiento de acuerdo con la siguiente metodología representativa:
Se mezclan lactosa y estearato de magnesio en un mezclador de alto cillamiento (Aeromatic-Fielder PP1) a 600 rpm durante 6 minutos. A continuación, se añade la sustancia activa al mezclador y se mezcla el todo durante 6 minutos adicionales a 600 rpm.
Estas formulaciones comparativas se llenan en dispositivos IPS tal como se definió anteriormente y la fracción de partículas finas de las dosis suministras se determina tal como en el Ejemplo 3, utilizando el impulsor de líquido multigradual a una velocidad de flujo de 60 l/min (aparato C).
Para ambas formulaciones, el análisis de HPLC muestra una fracción de partículas finas inferior al 20%.
Ejemplo 5
La formulación 1 del Ejemplo 1 se somete a ensayo para una fracción de partículas finas de acuerdo con el método apropiado para la Formulación 1 definido en el Ejemplo 3. Como ejemplos comparativos, se producen mezclas de polvo sustancialmente tal como se describe en la Formulación 1, salvo que se omite el estearato de magnesio, y la masa está compuesta de lactosa.
La formulación 1 y la formulación comparativa se almacenan durante 24 horas antes de tomar mediciones de la fracción de partículas finas. Las formulaciones se conservan en almacenamiento abierto durante la duración del experimento. La primera medición después de este periodo se considera tiempo = 0. Se llevan a cabo mediciones similares en dispositivos IPS a intervalos semanales de hasta 6 semanas. Durante el periodo de ensayo, las
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Claims (1)
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imagen1
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0326632 | 2003-11-14 | ||
| GBGB0326632.7A GB0326632D0 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2003-11-14 | Dry powder formulations |
| PCT/IB2004/003804 WO2005046636A1 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2004-11-04 | Dry powder formulations |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2645442T3 true ES2645442T3 (es) | 2017-12-05 |
Family
ID=29726600
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES04798927.2T Expired - Lifetime ES2645442T3 (es) | 2003-11-14 | 2004-11-04 | Formulaciones de polvo seco |
| ES18157741T Expired - Lifetime ES2929899T3 (es) | 2003-11-14 | 2004-11-04 | Formulaciones en polvo seco |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES18157741T Expired - Lifetime ES2929899T3 (es) | 2003-11-14 | 2004-11-04 | Formulaciones en polvo seco |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US20070071690A1 (es) |
| EP (3) | EP3354263B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP4991304B2 (es) |
| CN (2) | CN1878537B (es) |
| AU (1) | AU2004288644B2 (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2542450C (es) |
| CY (1) | CY1119350T1 (es) |
| DK (2) | DK1689360T3 (es) |
| ES (2) | ES2645442T3 (es) |
| FI (1) | FI3354263T3 (es) |
| GB (1) | GB0326632D0 (es) |
| HK (1) | HK1201447A1 (es) |
| HU (2) | HUE034450T2 (es) |
| PL (2) | PL1689360T3 (es) |
| PT (2) | PT3354263T (es) |
| SI (2) | SI3354263T1 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2005046636A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (42)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070212422A1 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2007-09-13 | Manfred Keller | Dry powder for inhalation |
| GB0326632D0 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2003-12-17 | Jagotec Ag | Dry powder formulations |
| GB0525254D0 (en) | 2005-12-12 | 2006-01-18 | Jagotec Ag | Powder compositions for inhalation |
| AU2012200449B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2013-07-25 | Meda Pharma Gmbh & Co Kg | Combination of anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, beta2-agonists, PDE4 inhibitor and antileukotriene for the treatment of inflammatory diseases |
| EA021960B1 (ru) * | 2005-12-30 | 2015-10-30 | Крка, Товарна Здравил, Д.Д., Ново Место | Таблетка, содержащая фармацевтически приемлемую соль монтелукаста в аморфной форме, и способ ее получения |
| EP1803457A1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-04 | Krka Tovarna Zdravil, D.D., Novo Mesto | Pharmaceutical composition containing montelukast |
| GB0602897D0 (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2006-03-22 | Jagotec Ag | Improvements In Or Relating To Dry Powder Inhaler Devices |
| GB0613161D0 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-08-09 | Novartis Ag | Organic Compounds |
| GB0622818D0 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2006-12-27 | Jagotec Ag | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
| GB0625303D0 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2007-01-24 | Jagotec Ag | Improvements in and relating to metered dose inhalers |
| US9925282B2 (en) | 2009-01-29 | 2018-03-27 | The General Hospital Corporation | Cromolyn derivatives and related methods of imaging and treatment |
| LT3578169T (lt) | 2009-02-26 | 2024-08-26 | Glaxo Group Limited | Farmaciniai preparatai, apimantys 4-{(1r)-2-[(6-{2-[(2,6-dichlorbenzil) oksi]etoksi}heksil)amino]-1-hidroksietil}-2-(hidroksimetil)fenolį |
| GB0918249D0 (en) | 2009-10-19 | 2009-12-02 | Respivert Ltd | Compounds |
| GB0921075D0 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2010-01-13 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Novel combination of the therapeutic agents |
| CN104257610A (zh) * | 2010-04-01 | 2015-01-07 | 奇斯药制品公司 | 用于制备可吸入干粉所用的载体颗粒的方法 |
| PT2600830T (pt) * | 2010-08-03 | 2018-04-02 | Chiesi Farm Spa | Formulação de pó seco que compreende um inibidor de fosfodiesterase |
| KR101957530B1 (ko) * | 2010-08-23 | 2019-03-12 | 프라운호퍼-게젤샤프트 추르 푀르데룽 데어 안제반텐 포르슝 에 파우 | 치료학적 활성 물질을 포함하는 가습 입자 |
| CA2812414C (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2020-09-22 | Pulmatrix, Inc. | Monovalent metal cation dry powders for inhalation |
| UY33337A (es) | 2010-10-18 | 2011-10-31 | Respivert Ltd | DERIVADOS SUSTITUIDOS DE 1H-PIRAZOL[ 3,4-d]PIRIMIDINA COMO INHIBIDORES DE LAS FOSFOINOSITIDA 3-QUINASAS |
| JO3510B1 (ar) | 2011-03-04 | 2020-07-05 | Heptares Therapeutics Ltd | استخدام جلايكوبيرولات لعلاج عدم انتظام دقات القلب |
| US10130800B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2018-11-20 | Invisiderm, Llc | Method of producing substances with supersaturated gas, transdermal delivery device thereof, and uses thereof |
| CN104487075A (zh) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-04-01 | 普马特里克斯公司 | 可吸入干粉剂 |
| MX357170B (es) | 2012-03-13 | 2018-06-27 | Respivert Ltd | Uso de sal metálica de ácido estárico o de estearil fumarato particulada para estabilizar una formulación farmacéutica. |
| ES2814336T3 (es) | 2012-04-13 | 2021-03-26 | Glaxosmithkline Ip Dev Ltd | Partículas de agregado |
| KR20130140358A (ko) | 2012-06-14 | 2013-12-24 | 한미약품 주식회사 | 살메테롤 지나포산염, 플루티카손 프로피오네이트 및 티오트로피움 브로마이드를 포함하는 흡입 제형용 건조 분말 및 이의 제조방법 |
| GB201222679D0 (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2013-01-30 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Pharmaceutical combination products |
| ES2864862T3 (es) | 2013-03-12 | 2021-10-14 | Celltaxis Llc | Métodos de inhibición de la leucotrieno A4 hidrolasa |
| AU2014240042C1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2019-09-05 | Celltaxis, Llc | Inhibitors of leukotriene A4 hydrolase |
| GB201305825D0 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2013-05-15 | Vectura Ltd | New use |
| CN106102737B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2019-06-14 | 综合医院公司 | 色甘酸衍生物以及成像和治疗的相关方法 |
| EP3082428A4 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2017-08-02 | Respira Therapeutics, Inc. | Pde5 inhibitor powder formulations and methods relating thereto |
| CN105412049B (zh) * | 2014-09-16 | 2020-01-07 | 四川海思科制药有限公司 | 一种干粉吸入剂用药物组合物及其制备方法 |
| DK3212212T3 (da) | 2014-10-31 | 2020-12-21 | Univ Monash | Pulverformulering |
| MX2017008913A (es) | 2015-01-07 | 2018-04-30 | Trigemina Inc | Formulaciones de oxitocina que contienen magnesio y metodos de uso. |
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| GB9806462D0 (en) | 1998-03-26 | 1998-05-27 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Improved compositions for inhalation |
| EP1131059B1 (de) | 1998-11-13 | 2003-03-05 | Jago Research Ag | Trockenpulver zur inhalation |
| US20070212422A1 (en) | 1999-11-10 | 2007-09-13 | Manfred Keller | Dry powder for inhalation |
| PT1158958E (pt) * | 1999-03-05 | 2007-08-13 | Chiesi Farma Spa | ''composições farmacêuticas em pó, melhoradas, para inalação'' |
| EP1129705A1 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2001-09-05 | Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen | Powder formulation for inhalation |
| PE20011227A1 (es) * | 2000-04-17 | 2002-01-07 | Chiesi Farma Spa | Formulaciones farmaceuticas para inhaladores de polvo seco en la forma de aglomerados duros |
| AU2001279771A1 (en) | 2000-07-20 | 2002-02-05 | Campina B.V. | Carrier material for dry powder inhalation |
| JP4125512B2 (ja) | 2000-11-29 | 2008-07-30 | 伊藤ハム株式会社 | 粉末製剤及びその製造方法 |
| AU2004231342A1 (en) | 2003-04-14 | 2004-11-04 | Vectura Ltd | Dry power inhaler devices and dry power formulations for enhancing dosing efficiency |
| GB0327723D0 (en) | 2003-09-15 | 2003-12-31 | Vectura Ltd | Pharmaceutical compositions |
| GB0326632D0 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2003-12-17 | Jagotec Ag | Dry powder formulations |
| GB0525254D0 (en) | 2005-12-12 | 2006-01-18 | Jagotec Ag | Powder compositions for inhalation |
| GB0622818D0 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2006-12-27 | Jagotec Ag | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
-
2003
- 2003-11-14 GB GBGB0326632.7A patent/GB0326632D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-11-04 DK DK04798927.2T patent/DK1689360T3/da active
- 2004-11-04 FI FIEP18157741.2T patent/FI3354263T3/fi active
- 2004-11-04 ES ES04798927.2T patent/ES2645442T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 SI SI200432523T patent/SI3354263T1/sl unknown
- 2004-11-04 ES ES18157741T patent/ES2929899T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 EP EP18157741.2A patent/EP3354263B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 PT PT181577412T patent/PT3354263T/pt unknown
- 2004-11-04 WO PCT/IB2004/003804 patent/WO2005046636A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-11-04 SI SI200432411T patent/SI1689360T1/sl unknown
- 2004-11-04 PL PL04798927T patent/PL1689360T3/pl unknown
- 2004-11-04 EP EP17187255.9A patent/EP3275435A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-11-04 EP EP04798927.2A patent/EP1689360B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2004-11-04 PT PT47989272T patent/PT1689360T/pt unknown
- 2004-11-04 CN CN200480033194.XA patent/CN1878537B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 JP JP2006538991A patent/JP4991304B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 PL PL18157741.2T patent/PL3354263T3/pl unknown
- 2004-11-04 HU HUE04798927A patent/HUE034450T2/en unknown
- 2004-11-04 AU AU2004288644A patent/AU2004288644B2/en not_active Expired
- 2004-11-04 DK DK18157741.2T patent/DK3354263T3/da active
- 2004-11-04 CN CN201410347450.8A patent/CN104224720A/zh active Pending
- 2004-11-04 CA CA2542450A patent/CA2542450C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-04 HU HUE18157741A patent/HUE060507T2/hu unknown
- 2004-11-11 US US10/575,656 patent/US20070071690A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2009
- 2009-08-06 US US12/536,998 patent/US8211405B2/en active Active
- 2009-08-06 US US12/536,980 patent/US20100035854A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2011
- 2011-10-27 US US13/283,295 patent/US8246935B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2012
- 2012-08-17 US US13/588,655 patent/US8414867B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2015
- 2015-02-26 HK HK15101939.5A patent/HK1201447A1/xx unknown
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2017
- 2017-09-15 CY CY20171100978T patent/CY1119350T1/el unknown
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