ES2611331A2 - Sistema de conducción de agua de baño, bañera y procedimiento de funcionamiento de un sistema de conducción de agua de baño - Google Patents

Sistema de conducción de agua de baño, bañera y procedimiento de funcionamiento de un sistema de conducción de agua de baño Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2611331A2
ES2611331A2 ES201631407A ES201631407A ES2611331A2 ES 2611331 A2 ES2611331 A2 ES 2611331A2 ES 201631407 A ES201631407 A ES 201631407A ES 201631407 A ES201631407 A ES 201631407A ES 2611331 A2 ES2611331 A2 ES 2611331A2
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
bath water
fluid pump
bathtub
translation
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
ES201631407A
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English (en)
Other versions
ES2611331R1 (es
ES2611331B1 (es
Inventor
Thomas Schmidt
Tobias MAYER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franz Kaldewei GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Franz Kaldewei GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
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Application filed by Franz Kaldewei GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Franz Kaldewei GmbH and Co KG
Publication of ES2611331A2 publication Critical patent/ES2611331A2/es
Publication of ES2611331R1 publication Critical patent/ES2611331R1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2611331B1 publication Critical patent/ES2611331B1/es
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • B01J19/1868—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside resulting in a loop-type movement
    • B01J19/1875—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside resulting in a loop-type movement internally, i.e. the mixture circulating inside the vessel such that the upwards stream is separated physically from the downwards stream(s)
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/01—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks for combinations of baths, showers, sinks, wash-basins, closets, urinals, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B01F23/23231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits being at least partially immersed in the liquid, e.g. in a closed circuit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K3/00—Baths; Douches; Appurtenances therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K3/00—Baths; Douches; Appurtenances therefor
    • A47K3/02—Baths
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
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    • A47K3/00—Baths; Douches; Appurtenances therefor
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    • A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
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    • A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
    • A61H33/60—Components specifically designed for the therapeutic baths of groups A61H33/00
    • A61H33/6068—Outlet from the bath
    • A61H33/6073—Intake mouths for recirculation of fluid in whirlpool baths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B01F25/53—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle in which the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle through a recirculation tube, into which an additional component is introduced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0726—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by a single radial rod, other than open frameworks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
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    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/191—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with similar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01F27/861—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis co-operating with deflectors or baffles fixed to the receptacle the baffles being of cylindrical shape, e.g. a mixing chamber surrounding the stirrer, the baffle being displaced axially to form an interior mixing chamber
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    • B01F27/906—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms  with fixed axis
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01F35/718—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using vacuum, under pressure in a closed receptacle or circuit system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61H33/02—Bathing devices for use with gas-containing liquid, or liquid in which gas is led or generated, e.g. carbon dioxide baths
    • A61H2033/023—Bathing devices for use with gas-containing liquid, or liquid in which gas is led or generated, e.g. carbon dioxide baths with means in the air supply lines to prevent back-feed of water, e.g. anti-backflow valves, draining devices
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    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
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    • A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
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Abstract

La invención concierne a un sistema de conducción de agua de baño (2) para generar burbujas que comprende una bomba de fluido (4), una tubería de alimentación de aire (6) que está provista de una válvula de afluencia (7) y que desemboca en una tubería de aportación de agua (13) que está conectada al lado de aspiración de la bomba de fluido (4), y un dispositivo de estrangulación conectado a un lado de impulsión de la bomba de fluido (4). Según la invención, como dispositivo de estrangulación está conectada directamente a una salida de la bomba de fluido (4) una válvula de descompresión (8) mediante una tubería de unión (9) y sin intercalación de un recinto de estabilización de fluido previsto para la separación de burbujas. Son también objeto de la invención una bañera con un cuerpo de bañera (1) y el sistema de conducción de agua de baño (2), así como un procedimiento de funcionamiento del sistema de conducción de agua de baño.

Description

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de vista práctico y atendiendo a los costes totales y, en general, es también completamente suficiente para satisfacer las necesidades de un usuario.
Sin embargo, es posible también en principio un control electrónico variable de la válvula de afluencia y/o de la válvula de descompresión y/o de la bomba de fluido para poder influir aún más en la generación de microburbujas. Cuando, por ejemplo, la generación de burbujas debe efectuarse con un grado de intensidad diferente, se puede aumentar la capacidad de transporte de la bomba de fluido, teniendo que adaptarse entonces eventualmente de manera correspondiente la posición de la válvula de afluencia y de la válvula de descompresión en su posición de estrangulación. Para un control electrónico pueden estar previstos también sensores diferentes, tales como, por ejemplo, sondas de temperatura, ya que la solubilidad de aire en agua depende también de la temperatura.
Para generar microburbujas es necesario según la invención, en concordancia con el estado de la técnica, un dispositivo de estrangulación que, en el ámbito de la invención, está construido como una válvula de descompresión. En la rendija de la válvula necesaria para la generación de las microburbujas se acumulan también partículas y otras suciedades, de modo que puede existir el peligro de una obstrucción. Precisamente con una circulación de agua de baño se pueden succionar también suciedades del cuerpo de la bañera.
Para hacer posible una limpieza automática espontánea se ha previsto según una ejecución preferida de la invención que la válvula de descompresión presente un mecanismo de regulación controlado por presión para ocupar, en función de la presión, una posición de estrangulación o una posición de apertura.
Durante el funcionamiento del sistema de conducción de agua de baño para generar burbujas esta válvula de descompresión se encuentra en la posición de estrangulación. Por el contrario, cuando se para la bomba de fluido y la presión establecida por la bomba de fluido cae por debajo de un valor límite prefijado, la válvula de descompresión pasa a una posición de apertura, con lo que se libera una sección transversal de flujo más grande.
Antes del cierre de la válvula de descompresión se pueden retirar suciedades de la rendija entonces abierta tanto por efecto del agua de baño que sigue corriendo como durante la nueva puesta en funcionamiento del sistema de conducción de agua de baño.
En el ámbito de la invención se ha previsto preferiblemente una bomba centrífuga como
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válvula de descompresión, con lo que se forma una mezcla de agua de baño y burbujas, especialmente burbujas muy finas. Por último, se entrega la mezcla de agua de baño y burbujas al cuerpo de la bañera.
El caudal volumétrico del agua de baño transportada está preferiblemente entre 10 l/min (litros por minuto) y 20 l/min, mientras que – referido al volumen bajo presión ambiente – el caudal volumétrico del aire ambiente está entre 0,5 l/min y 2 l/min, de modo que resulta para el agua de baño succionada y el aire ambiente aspirado una relación en volumen comprendida entre 10:2 y 40:1, preferiblemente alrededor de 10:1.
La mezcla de agua de baño succionada y aire ambiente aspirado es solicitada por la bomba de fluido, en comparación con la presión ambiente, con una sobrepresión comprendida entre preferiblemente 2,5 bares y 7 bares y de manera especialmente preferida entre 3,5 bares y 5 bares.
Como ya se ha explicado anteriormente, la válvula de descompresión presenta, según una ejecución preferida de la invención, un mecanismo de regulación controlado por presión para adoptar una posición de estrangulación o una posición de apertura. Según una ejecución preferida del procedimiento, se ha previsto de manera correspondiente que la válvula de descompresión, después de una desconexión de la bomba de fluido y, en consecuencia, una desaparición de la sobrepresión, pase automáticamente de una posición de estrangulación a una posición de apertura y libere una sección transversal de flujo agrandada. Se puede efectuar ya entonces una limpieza por medio de una circulación adicional del agua de baño succionada a través de la válvula de descompresión.
Asimismo, cuando se conecta la bomba de fluido, se pueden arrastrar por lavado las suciedades de la válvula de descompresión situada en la posición de apertura antes de que la válvula de descompresión pase automáticamente de la posición de apertura a la posición de estrangulación por efecto de un control de presión correspondiente. Se puede conseguir este control de presión, por ejemplo, por medio de un vástago de válvula solicitado por muelle que presente superficies frontales de diferente tamaño que estén asociadas cada una de ellas a un lado de la válvula de descompresión.
A la válvula de descompresión le corresponde un excedente inventivo autónomo, siendo posible también una utilización en sistemas de conducción de agua configurados de otra manera, especialmente sistemas de conducción de agua de baño.
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especialmente preferida de 4 a 4,5 bares.
Las condiciones de presión y de flujo y los caudales volumétricos de agua de baño y aire ambiente se han elegido de modo que el aire ambiente pueda disolverse en el agua de baño en una parte muy grande o de preferencia completamente o casi por completo de modo que no puedan llegar burbujas de aire a la válvula de descompresión 8 o solo puedan llegar a ésta muy pocas de esas burbujas.
Para conseguir un mezclado y disolución íntimos y lo más completos posible, la tubería de unión 9 en forma de un tubo rígido o un tubo flexible presenta preferiblemente una longitud de más de 100 mm y de manera especialmente preferida de más de 300 mm. En principio, se cumple que es ventajosa una longitud creciente para lograr una disolución lo más completa posible.
En la válvula de descompresión 8 se produce una brusca caída de presión debido a la cual disminuye correspondientemente la solubilidad del aire ambiente en el agua de baño y se forman burbujas muy finas. La mezcla de agua de baño y burbujitas muy finas, formada en la válvula de descompresión 8, es conducida a través de una tubería de descarga 10 adyacente a la válvula de descompresión 8 hasta una entrada de fluido 11 del cuerpo 1 de la bañera que, en el ejemplo de realización, se encuentra situada en una pared lateral del cuerpo 1 de la bañera.
La mezcla de agua de baño y burbujitas finísimas sale después por la entrada de fluido 11 y se distribuye dentro del cuerpo 1 de la bañera, el cual está lleno de agua de baño hasta más arriba del nivel de la entrada de fluido 11.
Las burbujitas especialmente finas se perciben por un usuario como agradables y vitalizantes. Debido al gran número de burbujitas finísimas se enturbia el agua de baño adquiriendo un aspecto lechoso, y en el ejemplo de realización según la figura 1 está prevista una iluminación 12 enfrente de la salida de fluido 11 y la luz proveniente de la iluminación 12 es dispersada uniformemente por las burbujitas finísimas, con lo que se produce una impresión cromática especialmente armónica, provocando también la refracción de la luz en las burbujitas el enturbiamiento lechoso.
La figura 3 muestra el sistema de conducción de agua de baño en una representación puramente esquemática.
Según ésta, el agua de baño es extraída del cuerpo 1 de la bañera, lográndose una
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acción de estrangulación por efecto de la sección transversal de una tubería de aportación de agua 13 que une el desagüe de fondo 5 con la bomba de fluido 4 o por medio de un diafragma adicional 14 dispuesto en la tubería de aportación de agua 13, de modo que en la tubería de aportación de agua 13 se produce una depresión en comparación con la presión ambiente, aspirándose de manera correspondiente aire ambiente a través de la tubería de alimentación de aire 6 y la válvula de afluencia 7. En las figuras 1 y 2 está representada por debajo de la tubería de aportación de agua 13 una tubería de retorno para el vaciado del agua residual de la bomba de fluido 4.
La evolución de la presión en las diferentes zonas aparece insinuada de manera puramente esquemática en la figura 4.
Dentro del cuerpo 1 de la bañera se produce, debido a la columna de agua allí existente, una primera presión I que está ligeramente por encima de la presión ambiente.
En la tubería de aportación de agua 13 se ajusta entonces, debido a la aspiración de la bomba de fluido 4, una depresión II de, por ejemplo, -0,1 bares en comparación con la presión ambiente, con lo que se aspira aire.
La mezcla de aire ambiente y agua de baño es solicitada a través de la bomba de fluido 4, en combinación con la válvula de descompresión pospuesta 8, con una sobrepresión III que puede estar comprendida, por ejemplo, entre 4 y 4,5 bares. Con esta sobrepresión III se puede disolver el aire ambiente en el agua de baño contenida dentro de la tubería de unión 9 y, mediante una coordinación adecuada de los componentes cooperantes, se prescinde de un recinto de estabilización de fluido independiente para separar aire ambiente sobrante.
En la válvula de descompresión 8 se produce una brusca caída de presión con formación de microburbujas finísimas, correspondiendo la presión detrás de la válvula de descompresión 8 a aproximadamente la presión reinante dentro del cuerpo 1 de la bañera. En la representación puramente esquemática de la figura 4 no se han tenido en cuenta, por motivos de sencillez, las diferencias de presión originadas por la altura diferente de la columna de agua en el desagüe de fondo 5 y en la entrada de fluido 11.
La figura 5A muestra una ejecución preferida de la válvula de descompresión 8 que presenta una boquilla 17 de tubo flexible tanto en su entrada 15 como en su salida 16. La figura 5A muestra la válvula de descompresión 8 en una posición de estrangulación en la que únicamente se ha liberado una pequeña rendija anular 18 por medio de un vástago
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Claims (1)

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