ES2220783T3 - ELEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT AS WELL AS PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

Construction element, especially facade element, that separates a cold zone (5) from a hot zone (6), with a frame guide that has a hollow chamber profile (11) made of plastic and a support (1) arranged between the cold zone (5) and the hot zone (6), which has an outer support piece arranged outside the cold zone (5) and an inner support piece arranged inside the hot zone (6), being manufactured the support of a single material, namely steel and disposing as reinforcement within a hollow chamber of the hollow chamber profile, characterized in that the support between the outer support piece (2) and the inner support piece (3) has lines of holes arranged displaced from each other.

Description

Element of construction and use of an element of construction as well as procedure for the manufacture of a building element.

The invention relates to an element of construction and its use, as well as a procedure for manufacture of a building element.

Construction elements of this type can  also serve as sound insulation. Then the cold zone and / or the hot zone correspond to the spaces between which You must perform the sound insulation.

From EP 117308 A a known generic building element. However, there is an intense heat transfer from the hot zone to the cold zone.

In addition, the German utility model DE is known  296 10 652 U1. In this building element, in a profile of hollow plastic chamber is provided a support that is composed of metal and plastic The arrangement of this support within the profile of hollow plastic chamber shows that the support between the part outside of the window element and the inside of the window element is arranged so that it faces a part of the support of the cold outside area and another part of the support of the hot inner zone as a rule. In between there is a piece of plastic molding that reduces the heat transfer from the inner part of the support to the part outside of the support. The outer support parts e metal interiors in this case deal with enough stability and the plastic molding part found in between it is held firmly by the inner support piece and / or cold rolled exterior, so that a support element One piece consists of two different materials.

This known reinforcement profile for profiles plastic holes make sure that they can greatly reduce the heat transfer values in the window frames. Without However, the fabrication of the reinforcement profile is relatively expensive, since different materials have to be attached each other so that stability can be guaranteed Enough also for large heat differences.

From document EP-A 0553 688 are also known to perform, for the reduction of heat transfer using a steel profile, the largest possible surface prints on the connection between the outer and inner sides of the profile. Since this is inevitably at the expense of stability, braces are provided that hold together the inner and outer support pieces, of so that the static requirements of building. However, the recommended extraction of great material surface and with it the structural weakening inherent profile can significantly reduce reservations of existing security, especially for dynamic loads.

That is why the present invention is based on the objective of developing a building element with a support, which is appropriate for use as a reinforcement of the camera profile hollow and, on the one hand, it can be manufactured affordably and, by On the other hand, it makes a good reduction in heat transfer only with small losses of stability.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the support has lines of holes arranged displaced about with others between the outer part of the support and the inner part of the support and the support is manufactured from a single component, that is, steel, the support being arranged as armor within a hollow chamber of the hollow chamber profile.

The component according to the invention presents with this a support that is manufactured from a single material, such as for example, rolled steel sheet and yet has heat conduction properties clearly reduced. This is gets due to the fact that the conductive cross section The heat of the support directly presents the hole lines. The heat conductive path is lengthened by the holes displaced so that heat transfer is limited considerably, without special influence on the stability.

With this, the support of the construction element according to the invention it is manufactured as a conventional conventional support for  from a single material, such as steel, and the heat transfer is not reduced through another piece of support but through a special conformation of one's own support. The conformation of the support can be changed easily available during stand fabrication or later, without causing high costs due to the union of different materials In addition, in the construction element according to the invention there are no problems in the junction zone between different materials, even when temperatures in the area facade decrease sharply and the material used is subject at strong dilations and contractions.

Since the hollow plastic profile is manufactured by  general rule by extrusion procedure, by minors variations in the construction of molds are achieved in a way Affordable a change in the shape of the hollow chamber profile. This allows to arrange edges or bridges within the hollow profile so that these edges or bridges support the support.

It is advantageous if the lines of holes arranged  displaced with each other are in the fiber zone stand neutral. Each support, depending on its type of load, It has heavily loaded areas. Directly in the facade elements there are usually changing loads in the support that act especially in the area of the edge of the support, while a support area that is in between is loaded a lot less. In this area is the neutral fiber and recommends arranging the hole lines directly in this area to reduce the stability of the support as little as possible.

It is advantageous if the outer support of the fibers  neutral is reinforced by multi-layer sets of a sheet metal In addition, the sheet metal part preferably has a thickness of more than 0.5 mm.

A simple production of lines of holes by material extraction. For this the holes, for example, in the area of neutral fibers, they can be perforated or laminate. The holes are preferably arranged so that between them there are only small bridges. The bridges are sufficient for the necessary resistance, but reduce considerably heat transfer.

Especially for the use of molded sheets in cold, a perforated sheet can also be used as the base material for the manufacture of the support. But such a sheet has a reduced resistance throughout the area of the sheet. Nevertheless, this can be balanced by forming the support and in special by parallel arrangement of several layers of sheet metal in heavily loaded support areas. With this, in an area limited heat conductive cross section is a perforated sheet preferably of one layer, while in the zones adjacent stability values are achieved by deformation of the sheet.

Alternatively or additionally it also can produce hole lines by deformation of material. Certain cuts or laminates in the support allow compress areas of the support out of the plane of the support, to Reduce heat transfer.

Especially in the manufacture of elements of facade, such as windows or stands arranged between windows, is advantageous if the outer part and the inner part of the support is ensure the hollow chamber profile preferably at least by an edge or at least a bridge. This allows to hold the Support without using additional parts. As the hollow chamber profile It is manufactured as a general rule of plastic and thus presents a heat transfer coefficient less than a support of steel, the attachment to the hollow chamber profile leads to a clamping sufficient and at the same time to isolation.

A preferable scope of the element construction according to the invention is in use as window frame piece or window swing piece. Further, the support is located between an outer side of the facade plus cold and an inner side of the warmer facade, so that the formation according to the invention can optimally reduce the heat transfer between these sides.

A preferred embodiment variant provides that the construction element has two hollow chamber profiles and the support is arranged in between. This leads to the support be disposed outside the hollow chamber profile, but be protected by the hollow chamber profile provided on both sides. Thus, the support has on the one hand a static function such as support element and, on the other hand, a coupling function between the hollow chamber profiles that is formed by joining between both hollow chamber profiles and the support provided In between. It is advantageous if the support has a shape that allows to position an insulation element. The support can be foam with an insulating material inside. Without However, according to the invention it is provided that a molding body of insulation of this type is placed in the support so that it position through the position of the support. How positioning is understands a fixation of the position of the insulation body, relative to the support, maintaining a displacement in the direction longitudinal of the support. Depending on the situation of the requirement, by forming the support, a displacement of the insulation body in the direction longitudinal of the support.

The described positioning can be achieved from simple way due to the fact that the support presents three surfaces arranged perpendicularly to each other. These three surfaces allow you to easily enter a insulation body on the support and on the other hand fix the position of the insulation body by forming the support.

By coupling or adhesion between sides of the support and the insulation body, joins more or less Firmly insulating body with support.

The objective on which the invention is based is also achieved through the use of a building element of this type as an insulation element between a cold zone and a hot zone, presenting the support in the zone of its fibers neutral lines of arranged holes displaced ones with others.

In a process according to the invention for the manufacture of a building element in which a support is molds from a sheet and is surrounded by one or several pieces of plastic profile, displaced hole lines are introduced with each other in the molding of the sheet. The supports according to the invention are advantageously manufactured from a sheet cold rolled. During this molding process and / or directly before or after it is possible to introduce the hole lines according to the invention. This allows to connect the working step of the molding with the working step of the arrangement of the hole lines. With this, the manufacture of such a support only becomes more expensive. insignificantly.

An especially affordable type of manufacturing of  a support according to the invention consists in using as a sheet a perforated sheet. This allows the manufacturing process Stay unchanged. Through the use of the perforated sheet, reduces the heat conductive cross-sectional area by the connection area between the inner part and the outer part, without other conditions being necessary.

The figures show examples of embodiment according to the invention of supports, camera profiles hollow and facade elements and are explained in detail to continuation. Figures 15, 16, 17, 19 and 23 represent examples which are not included in the claims and are not forms of realization of the invention. However, these examples They illustrate the explanation of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a support,

Figure 2 a perspective view of the support shown in Figure J. within a hollow chamber profile of plastic,

Figure 3 a perspective view of a support formed as a coupling,

Figure 4 a perspective view of the support represented in figure 3 in a state of construction between two plastic hollow chamber profiles,

Figure 5 a perspective view of a support with three lines of oblong holes in the surface base,

Figure 6 two perspective views of supports singles with triple lines of oblong holes in the area of side,

Figure 7 a view of a profile support in U with the hole opening marked,

Figure 8 a sectional view of the support of U profile shown in Figure 7,

Figure 9 a cross-sectional view through a  bored area of a support,

Figure 10 a longitudinal section through the support part shown in figure 9,

Figure 11 a cross section through a bored area of another support,

Figure 12 a longitudinal section through the support part shown in figure 11,

Figure 13 a cross section through a third bored area of a support,

Figure 14 a longitudinal section through the support part shown in figure 13,

Figure 15 two cuts of the stand with simple narrowing of the cross section,

Figure 16 two cuts of a support piece with double line of holes,

Figure 17 two cuts of a support piece with triple line of holes,

Figure 18 the layout of displaced lines of triangular holes in a U-profile bracket,

Figure 19 hole layout circular on a U-profile bracket,

Figure 20 the displaced arrangement of three hole lines with square holes in a profile holder in U,

Figure 21 cross sections through different embodiments of reinforcement profiles,

Figure 22 cross sections through different embodiments of reinforcement profiles especially stable,

Figure 23 a cross section through a profile of the coupling support with hole lines simple,

Figure 24 a cross section through a coupling bracket profile with double line holes,

Figure 25 a cross section through a coupling bracket profile with triple line holes,

Figure 26 a top view of the profile shown in figure 25,

Figure 27 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile using the U profile,

Figure 28 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a C profile,

Figure 29 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a right angle profile,

Figure 30 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a special C profile,

Figure 31 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a small U-profile,

Figure 32 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a U profile with sides arranged in three layers,

Figure 33 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a C profile with sides arranged in a C shape, arranged in three layers,

Figure 34 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a C profile with sides arranged in a C shape, arranged in six layers,

Figure 35 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a special C-profile bracket arranged in three layers,

Figure 36 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a U-shaped bracket and a large air gap between the support and the inner wall of the profile of hollow chamber and

Figure 37 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with a U-shaped bracket with sides arranged in six layers and a small air space between the sides and the inner side of the camera profile hollow,

Figure 38 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with support parts arranged in U shape,

Figure 39 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with support parts arranged in U shape with three-sided side sides,

Figure 40 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with support parts arranged in U shape with six-sided side sides,

Figure 41 a cross section through a profile of frames and hinges with isolated support pieces from each other,

Figure 42 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with two pieces of the C-shaped bracket opposed against each other,

Figure 43 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with two pieces of the C-shaped bracket opposed against each other, partly arranged in several layers,

Figure 44 a cross section through a support profile of two opposite L-shaped pieces about against others, arranged in six layers.

Figure 45 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with two L-shaped support pieces opposed against each other,

Figure 46 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with two u-shaped support pieces opposed against each other and,

Figure 47 a cross section through a hollow chamber profile with two L-shaped support pieces opposite against each other, arranged in three layers.

The support 1 shown in Figure 1 has a outer support piece 2 and an inner support piece 3 that are connected to each other through a bridge 4. The piece of outer support 2 in built state is faced by rule general to a colder 5 cooler zone and the inner part is as a rule, a hot zone 6 is warmer. In in the previous case the bridge has a screwed channel 7 and a both sides of this screwed channel are provided oblong holes 8 continuous, arranged displaced from each other, which reduce the conductive cross section of heat found in the bridge 4. In addition, for heat transfer reduction oblong holes 9 are also provided in the support piece outside, which limit heat transfer from the hot zone 6 to the cold zone 5 on the bridge 10 that is in between.

In figure 2 it is shown as support 1 represented in figure 1 can be entered in a profile of hollow chamber 11. With this, support 1 serves as a profile reinforcement of hollow plastic chamber 11 and thus the support 1 is held by the side walls 12 of the hollow space formed in the profile, as well as by bridges 13 and 14. In the state built the support 1 is also between a cold zone 5 and a hot zone 6, so that the bridge 4 that joins the pieces of support 2 and 3 acts as a heat transfer zone more reduced in cross section.

In the previous case, support 1 was used in the hollow chamber profile 11 so that the head of the support 15 is facing the area of the wall 6 and the feet 16 are facing to the cold zone 5. However, support 1 can also be use rotated 180 degrees in the hollow plastic chamber profile and in this position it also fulfills the objective of reducing heat transfer versus armor profiles of conventional plastic

Figure 3 shows a support 20 that can be Use as a coupling between two hollow chamber profiles. For the support 20 has bridges 21, 22, 23, 24 on both sides which act in conjunction with the hollow chamber profiles of plastic. Between these bridges 21 and 22 and / or 23 and 24 there are respectively a screw channel 25 and / or 26, in which They can screw screws or introduce profiles. Bridges 21 a 24 and the walls that form the screw channels 25 and 26 increase the stability of the support 20 in opposite areas about against others and in the middle there is a bridge 27, in the find the neutral fiber 28 of bracket 20. In the fiber zone neutral 28 oblong holes 29 are introduced in the bridge 27 to reduce the conductive cross section of heat. Further, parallel to the oblong holes 29 other holes are added oblong 30 and 31 on bridge 27, to continue reducing the heat transfer.

Figure 4 shows schematically the construction of a facade element with the help of two profiles hollow chamber 32, 33 and a coupling bracket 20 located In between. Thus, the U-profiles 34, 35 are arranged in the hollow chamber profiles 32, 33 to increase the stability of the hollow chamber profiles. To reduce heat transfer it provide oblong hole perforations 36, 37, 38, 39 arranged displaced with each other at the base of the U-profile 34, 35. Enter the hollow chamber profiles 32 and 33 is the support 20 which it is held on the projections 40 with the bridges 21 to 24 inside the hollow chamber profile 32 and / or 33.

With this, the oblong holes 36 to 39 in the U-profiles and 29 in the coupling profile deal with a decreased heat transfer from a cold zone 5 to a hot zone 6, without essentially harming the stability of the support 34, 35, 20.

Examples of the U-shaped brackets used in figure 4. These brackets show that several oblong holes can be arranged together to others and displaced from each other to limit the transfer of heat between a cold side and a hot side.

Figures 7 and 8 represent a possibility of introduce openwork or heat transfer reduction zones. As is clearly evident from Figure 8, for this only a section 41 is inserted into the support and then compress the areas of the support 42, 43 limited in section 41, so that the transfer surface of hot.

Figures 9 to 14 show different possibilities, such as being able to provide areas where prevents heat transfer. In all these examples of embodiment shown sections are provided on the support and warps the area in between.

Figures 15 to 17 show examples in which the strength of the support plate is reduced by notches or strictures This also reduces the transfer area of heat

Figures 18 to 20 show possibilities for be able to provide projections or deformations in the support. So, the variation possibilities consist of the type of arrangement of the deformation or the strictures and their form. The examples represented triangular, circular and square, as well as the arrangement of one or several lines that are located next to other show that there is a large number of possibilities of manufacture a support according to the invention.

Figure 21 shows different formats of support and the position in which, for support formats of this type, the conductive cross section is preferably reduced of heat. This position is designated with reference figures 50 to 57.

Figure 22 shows other possibilities of formation of support profiles in which section areas reduced transverse are designated with reference figures 60 to 80.

For coupling support profiles there are also different types of introduction of the areas of reduced cross section. For this in figures 23 to 26, represent examples of realization of hole lines of one, Two and three lines.

Different figures are represented in figures 27 to 47 embodiments for the manufacture of reinforcement profiles which can be used in hollow plastic chamber profiles. In addition, the profile pieces of the frames were formed with the reinforcement profiles used. However, in the pieces of Swing profile can essentially be used respectively Similar reinforcement profiles. This is shown in an exemplary way. in the exemplary embodiment shown in figure 40.

Figures 27 to 31 show simple profiles that are bent in the form of a U, a C or a right angle and adjust to the hollow space of the hollow chamber profile. These profiles support have approximately in the area of neutral fibers a cross section reduction 81 and with a screw 82 the support profile parts 83 are attached to the profile part of the frame 84. The ribs and bridges 85 to 89 allow to hold the  support 83 in the hollow chamber profile 84. However, these ribs can also be used advantageously to provide a distance between the inner wall 90 of the profile piece of hollow chamber 84 and bracket 91. This distance can be used -as shown in figure 31- as an insulating air chamber, which is formed between the support 92 and the inner wall of the part of the profile 84. For this, the U-shaped support piece 92 is held by bridges 85 to 89, so that a insulation space 96 between the support piece 95 facing the cold zone and the inner wall 93 of the hollow chamber profile 94. A corresponding isolation space 97 is provided on the side opposite between the support piece 99 facing the hot zone 98 and the inner wall 93 of the hollow chamber profile part 84.

Figures 32 to 37 show that the pieces of Support can be manufactured from deformed metal sheets cold It is also possible to place the repeated metal sheets times one over another to perform the support statically more stable. Therefore, preferably outside the fibers neutral the support has a stronger cross section than heat conductive cross section 102 that lies between  the inner and outer support piece 100 and / or 101. In addition, this reduced area in the cross section can be further reduced through perforations or deformations of the material. To do this, in Figure 32 indicates a perforation 103.

The other figures 33 to 37 show that you can reinforce different forms of profile by training several layers of the support piece and thus reduced automatically the conductive cross section of the heat that found in between.

Figures 38 to 47 show that the heat transfer can also be reduced because between a first support piece 110 and a second support piece 120 a piece 111 of a frame guide 112 can be arranged. This piece 111 is formed as a T-shaped bridge and separates one of other support pieces 110 and 120 and at the same time support the holding the support pieces inside the hollow chamber 113 of the hollow chamber profile 112. To prevent displacement of the support pieces 110 and 120 in the longitudinal direction of the profile of the hollow chamber 112 screws 114 and 115 are provided that extend through the hollow chamber profile 112 and respectively a piece of support 110 and / or 120.

Figures 39 and 40 show the examples of embodiment corresponding to figure 38, in which the pieces Support are introduced reinforced.

Figure 41 shows the concurrence of a guide of the frame 121 with the guide 122 of a window swing. In addition, it must be recognized that the support pieces shown in the example of a frame guide they can also be used in swing frames. In the exemplary embodiment shown the support pieces 123 and 124 and / or 125 and 126 are held by L-shaped fasteners 127, 128 and 129, 130,

Other embodiments of support pieces and fasteners are taken from figures 42 to 47, in which the L-shaped bridges or fasteners in the hollow chamber profile they are used to hold the support pieces apart from each other of a layer or of several layers in the hollow space of a profile of hollow chamber

The construction element 140 shown in the Figure 48 has an essentially U-shaped support 141, whose lateral 142, 143 is placed doubly in zones, to increase stability. The sides 142 and 143 form in the previous case the outer support part and the inner support part and the base surface that is between half forms a piece of support 144 reduced in cross section. The reduction in cross section, as depicted in figures 9 to 14, is obtained by a special deformation of the support.

The cross-sectional surface in the form of U of the carrier forms a limited hollow space, in which it has an insulation body 145. The size and shape of the Insulation body are attached to the U-shaped bracket of so that the insulation body can be compressed within the support and then it is held on the sides 142 and 143 against the fall out.

Figure 49 shows that by folding repeated from a sheet metal you can get a stable support. The exemplary embodiment shown refers to a support 150 in L-shape that can be used alongside another bracket 151 in shape of L located in a frame guide (not shown). The bodies of insulation 152 and 153 are held by the sides of support 150 and / or 151 L-shaped and short support sides 154 and / or 155.

This allows you to combine any support piece such as those described, for example, in Figures 48 and 49, to obtain sufficient frame stability and at the same time Avoid heat transfer.

The forming and number of positions allow a great variability in the size of the support.

The described supports can be used without insulation bodies. However, you can get another increased insulation through the use of bodies of isolation. Thus, the insulation bodies are introduced simply in the bearer profile and they stay there completely enclosed. Then the combination of support and insulation body is introduced into a hollow body profile of plastic to improve there the stability and properties of isolation.

Claims (16)

1. Construction element, especially facade element, that separates a cold zone (5) from a hot zone (6), with a frame guide that has a hollow chamber profile (11) made of plastic and a support (1 ) disposed between the cold zone (5) and the hot zone (6), which has an outer support piece arranged outside the cold zone (5) and an inner support piece arranged inside the hot zone (6) , the support being made of a single material, namely steel and arranged as a reinforcement within a hollow chamber of the hollow chamber profile, characterized in that the support between the outer support piece (2) and the inner support piece (3) it presents lines of holes arranged displaced from each other. 2. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the lines of holes are in the area of the neutral fibers of the support. 3. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the support is reinforced by multiple layers of a sheet metal part. 4. Construction element according to claim 3, characterized in that the sheet metal has a thickness of more than 0.5 mm. 5. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lines of holes are produced by material extraction. 6. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (1) has a perforated sheet. 7. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lines of holes are produced by deformation of the material. 8. Construction element according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer and inner support piece (2,3) are secured to the hollow chamber profile (11) preferably by at least one projection (14) or at least one bridge ( 13). 9. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction element is a window frame piece or a window leaf. 10. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction element has two hollow chamber profiles (32, 33) and the support (20) is arranged in between. 11. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support has a shape that allows positioning of an insulation element. 12. Construction element according to claim 11, characterized in that the support has three surfaces arranged at right angles to each other. 13. Construction element according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it has an insulation element that is located on three surfaces arranged at right angles with one another in the support. 14. Use of a building element according to a of the preceding claims, presenting the support in the zone of its neutral fibers (28) lines of holes arranged displaced from each other, as an element of isolation between a cold zone (5) and a hot zone (6). 15. Method for the manufacture of a construction element according to one of claims 1 to 13, the support being molded from a sheet, characterized in that when forming the sheet, lines of holes arranged offset from each other are produced. 16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that a perforated sheet is used as the sheet.