Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/18—Rotors
  • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
  • F04D29/24—Vanes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/18—Rotors
  • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
  • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a water pump.
• a plurality of blades 3 of an impeller 1 are formed in an arc shape so as to be curved from a radial direction toward a circumferential direction of a shaft 13, and cooling water is discharged from a cooling water discharge port 12 by flowing the cooling water along the blade 3 by rotational motion of the impeller 1.
• Patent Document 1 JP 2012-67617 A
• a tip end of the blade 3 includes a suction surface inlet part 8c along an inlet circle 4, and a plate thickness of the blade 3 becomes thinner toward the inlet side end part. Therefore, the water pump of the prior literature has reduced collision loss generated when the cooling water is sucked and improved pump efficiency, but is required to further improve the pump efficiency.
• an object of the present invention is to provide a water pump having a simple configuration with further improved pump efficiency.
• a water pump of the present invention includes: a casing having an inflow part of a fluid and an outflow part of the fluid; and an impeller rotatably supported inside the casing, the impeller includes a base and a plurality of blades provided at the base, the blade includes a negative pressure side surface and a pressure side surface with respect to the fluid, an inclined surface formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle along an inflow angle of a fluid flowing from the inflow part is provided at an end part on an inner peripheral side of the negative pressure side surface, and the base includes a through hole adjacent to the inclined surface in an extension direction of the blade.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the external configuration of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the configuration of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention.
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the external configuration of the impeller of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention as viewed from above.
• FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view illustrating the inclination angle of the inclined surface formed at the inner tip end part of the blade of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention being 28 degrees.
• FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view illustrating the inclination angle of the inclined surface formed at the inner tip end part of the blade of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention being 38 degrees.
• FIG. 6 is a graph showing the static pressure when the inclination angle of the blade of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention is 28 degrees.
• FIG. 7 is a graph showing the pump efficiency when the inclination angle of the blade of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention is 28 degrees.
• FIG. 8 is a graph showing the static pressure when the inclination angle of the blade of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention is 38 degrees.
• FIG. 9 is a graph showing the pump efficiency when the inclination angle of the blade of the water pump according to the embodiment of an example of the present invention is 38 degrees.
• an arrow a direction along an axis X is an upper side or one side.
• An arrow b direction along the axis X is a lower side or the other side.
• an arrow ab direction is referred to as an upward/downward direction or an X axis direction.
• the upward/downward direction does not necessarily coincide with a vertical direction.
• An arrow cd direction d is called a radial direction, and an arrow c direction away from the X axis is referred to as an outer side or a radial direction one side, and an arrow d direction approaching the X axis is referred to as an inner side or a radial direction other side.
• a water pump 100 is what is called a centrifugal pump, and it transfers cooling water of an engine, for example.
• the water pump 100 includes three flanges 135 (only two flanges 135 are illustrated in FIG. 1 ) for attaching the water pump 100 to an engine room or the like, an upper casing 120 having a substantially conical shape in side view accommodating an impeller 140 and the like at an impeller accommodation space 180s ( FIG. 2 ) inside the water pump 100, and a lower casing 130 having a cylindrical shape or a substantially cylindrical shape accommodating a motor 170 ( FIG. 2 ) as a drive source inside the water pump 100.
• the flanges 135 of the water pump 100 are parts radially extending outward at a gap of 120 degrees to each other at the outer peripheral surface of a lower casing body part 131 of the lower casing 130.
• the flange 135 includes an opening part 135a having a substantially circular shape tip end. Therefore, the water pump 100 is attached to an engine room or the like (not illustrated) via the opening part 135a of the flange 135.
• the upper casing 120 of the water pump 100 is a molded product formed by injection molding of resin.
• the upper casing 120 includes an upper casing body part 121 including a casing accommodating the impeller 140 for acting as a pump inside, an inflow part 123 having a cylindrical shape protruding upward (arrow a direction) in an axial direction at a center of an outer peripheral surface of the upper casing body part 121 and flowing cooling water into the impeller 140 from outside, and an outflow part 125 having a cylindrical shape protruding in a radial direction orthogonal to the inflow part 123 from the outer peripheral surface of the upper casing body part 121 and discharging the cooling water to outside by rotation of the impeller 140.
• the inflow part 123 is a part having a cylindrical shape extending upward (arrow a direction) in the X axis direction from a top part of the upper casing body part 121, and flowing a fluid such as water or cooling water in.
• the outflow part 125 is a part having a cylindrical shape extending outward (arrow c direction) in the radial direction orthogonal to the inflow part 123 from the outer peripheral surface of the upper casing body part 121, and flowing the fluid flowing in from the inflow part 123 out (pumps) to the outside by rotation of the impeller 140.
• the upper casing body part 121 has a bowl shape having a substantially conical shape in side view, includes a protrusion part 121p having an annular shape at a bottom surface at the outer peripheral side, and has an impeller accommodation space 180s having a conical shape or a substantially conical shape capable of accommodating the impeller 140 inward (arrow d direction) from the protrusion part 121p.
• the protrusion part 121p of the upper casing body part 121 is a part to be embedded at a stator holder 180 made of a resin molded product and then thermally welded, and both the upper casing body part 121 and the stator holder 180 are integrally formed.
• the upper casing body part 121 includes an axial support part 124 protruding by a predetermined length from a lower part of the inflow part 123 into the impeller accommodation space 180s.
• the axial support part 124 is integrally coupled to the inflow part 123 by a plurality of (e.g., three) arm parts 124a provided at predetermined angular gaps with respect to an inner peripheral surface of the inflow part 123.
• a shaft support part 124p having a substantially cylindrical shape is provided at the center of the plurality of arm parts 124a, and an end part of an upper side (arrow a direction) of a shaft 165 described later is axially supported at the inner peripheral surface at an end part of a lower side (arrow b direction) of the shaft support part 124p.
• an end part of a lower side (arrow b direction) in the X axis direction of the shaft 165 is integrally fixed with an inner disk part 185 of the stator holder 180 described later, and the end part of the upper side (arrow a direction) in the X axis direction is supported by the axial support part 124, and therefore whirl of the shaft 165 is suppressed.
• the shaft support part 124p of the axial support part 124 includes a flange part 124d having an annular shape slightly extending outward (arrow c direction) in the radial direction (arrow cd direction) at the outer peripheral end of a lower side (arrow b direction).
• the flange part 124d is a direction conversion part having a function of guiding a fluid flowing in from the inflow part 123 to a blade 145 ( FIG. 2 ) of the impeller 140.
• the lower casing 130 is a molded product formed by injection molding of resin, and includes a lower casing body part 131 having a bottomed cylindrical shape and a flange part 132 having an annular shape extending outward (arrow c direction) in the radial direction from an end part at an upper side (arrow a direction) of the lower casing body part 131.
• the flange part 132 of the lower casing 130 is a part arranged opposite the protrusion part 121p of the upper casing body part 121 with a flange part 183 of the stator holder 180 interposed.
• the outer diameter of the flange part 132 of the lower casing 130, the outer diameter of the upper casing body part 121, and the outer diameter of the flange part 183 of the stator holder 180 are all the same.
• the stator holder 180 is integrally fixed at an inner side of the lower casing 130.
• a bottom plate part 131b of the lower casing body part 131 of the lower casing 130 and an inner cylindrical part 182 of the stator holder 180 form a stator accommodation space 130s capable of accommodating a stator 160 of the motor 170.
• the stator holder 180 is a molded product formed by injection molding of resin, and includes an outer cylindrical part 181, an inner cylindrical part 182, the flange part 183, an outer disk part 184, and the inner disk part 185.
• the outer cylindrical part 181 of the stator holder 180 is a cylindrical part formed integrally with an inner surface of the lower casing body part 131 at the lower casing 130, and has a length sufficient to reach the bottom plate part 131b of the lower casing body part 131.
• the outer cylindrical part 181 is formed integrally with the flange part 183 extending outward (arrow c direction) from an end part of an upper side (arrow a direction) of the outer cylindrical part 181 and the outer disk part 184 having a circular ring shape extending inward (arrow d direction) from an end part of an upper side (arrow a direction) of the outer cylindrical part 181.
• the flange part 183 has a recessed groove 183m having an annular shape provided at a position corresponding to the protrusion part 121p of the upper casing body part 121.
• the flange part 183 and the upper casing body part 121 are integrally formed in a state where the protrusion part 121p of the upper casing body part 121 is fitted into the recessed groove 183m of the flange part 183.
• the inner cylindrical part 182 is provided inward (arrow d direction) from the outer cylindrical part 181 and is provided at parallel with the outer cylindrical part 181 along the X axis direction (arrow ab direction).
• the inner cylindrical part 182 is a part extending by a predetermined length downward (arrow b direction) from an end part of an inner side (arrow d direction) the outer disk part 184.
• the inner cylindrical part 182 is formed to have a shorter length in the upward/downward direction (arrow ab direction) than the outer cylindrical part 181.
• the outer disk part 184 is a part having an annular shape and a thin plate shape connecting the end part of the upper side (arrow a direction) of the outer cylindrical part 181 and an end part of an upper side (arrow a direction) of the inner cylindrical part 182.
• the stator accommodation space 130s is formed at the lower side (arrow b direction) of the outer disk part 184, and the stator 160 is accommodated at the stator accommodation space 130s. Specifically, a stator core 161 of the stator 160 is fixed at the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical part 182.
• the inner disk part 185 is a part having a disk shape provided integrally with an end part of a lower side (arrow b direction) of the inner cylindrical part 182, and is a bottom part constituting the impeller accommodation space 180s described later.
• the inner disk part 185 includes a through hole 185h having a circular shape in plan view at a center part of the inner disk part 185.
• An end part of a lower side (arrow b direction) of the shaft 165 is press-fitted into the through hole 185h of the inner disk part 185, and both are integrated.
• the impeller accommodation space 180s is formed at an inner side (arrow d direction) of the inner cylindrical part 182 and an upper side (arrow a direction) of the inner disk part 185, and an impeller body part 141 of the impeller 140 is accommodated at the impeller accommodation space 180s.
• the inner disk part 185 includes a projecting part 185p with a peripheral part of the through hole 185h slightly projecting downward (arrow b direction).
• the outer diameter of the projecting part 185p is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner disk part 185, and a circuit board support plate 188 having a thin annular shape is fixed at the outer peripheral surface of the projecting part 185p.
• the outer diameter of the circuit board support plate 188 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylindrical part 181.
• the circuit board 191 mounted with various electronic components 193 constituting a motor drive control circuit for driving a motor is arranged.
• the circuit board 191 is integrally attached at the circuit board support plate 188 via a support column 187.
• the stator 160 accommodated at the stator accommodation space 130s includes the stator core 161, an insulator 162, and a coil 163.
• the stator 160 is integrally fixed at the outer peripheral surface on an outer side (arrow c direction) of the inner cylindrical part 182 of the stator holder 180.
• stator 160 is arranged so as to surround the impeller body part 141 of the impeller 140 and a rotor magnet 159 arranged at the impeller accommodation space 180s.
• stator 160 the stator core 161 wound around with the coil 163 via the insulator 162 is integrally fixed with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical part 182 of the stator holder 180. That is, the stator 160 is integrated with the stator holder 180.
• the stator core 161 is formed by a stacked body with a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets made of a soft magnetic material stacked, and includes a core back having an annular shape, teeth (not illustrated) wound around with the coil 163, and a protruding pole (not illustrated).
• a rotor 150 includes an impeller body part 141 and the rotor magnet 159.
• the impeller body part 141 is also a part functioning as a rotor, it may be called the rotor body part 141 hereinafter.
• the rotor 150 rotates about the shaft 165 as a rotation center with respect to the shaft 165 fixed at the inner disk part 185 of the stator holder 180.
• the shaft 165 is arranged at the impeller accommodation space 180s in a non-rotatable fixed state by the inner disk part 185 of the stator holder 180. Therefore, while the rotor 150 rotates, the shaft 165 does not rotate and is integrally fixed with the stator holder 180.
• the rotor 150 is arranged at the impeller accommodation space 180s of the stator holder 180, and the outer diameter of the rotor body part 141 and the rotor magnet 159 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical part 182. This prevents in advance the rotor body part 141 and the rotor magnet 159 from coming into contact with an inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical part 182 forming the impeller accommodation space 180s when the rotor 150 rotates.
• the motor 170 is an inner rotor type three-phase brushless DC motor including the stator 160 and the rotor 150.
• the motor 170 is not limited to the three-phase brushless DC motor, and may be another motor such as a single-phase brushless DC motor.
• impeller 140 is a molded product formed by injection molding of, for example, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and PPS is a thermoplastic resin material.
• PPS polyphenylene sulfide
• the impeller 140 includes the impeller body part 141 having a columnar shape extending along the X axis direction (arrow ab direction), a base 142 having a disk shape integrally formed at an end part of an upper side (arrow a direction) of the impeller body part 141, a bulging part 143 gently bulging upward (arrow a direction) at a center part of the base 142, and a plurality of the blades 145 erected around the bulging part 143 and on the base 142.
• the impeller body part 141, the base 142, the bulging part 143, and the plurality of blades 145 of the impeller 140 are all integrally formed.
• the impeller body part 141, the base 142, and the like may be separately formed and thereafter integrally formed by welding or the like.
• the impeller body part (rotor body part) 141 is a part formed of a columnar body having a predetermined outer diameter and to be accommodated at the impeller accommodation space 180s formed inside the inner cylindrical part 182 of the stator holder 180.
• the impeller body part 141 has an annular recessed part recessed in a recessed shape at the outer peripheral surface of the impeller body part 141, and the rotor magnet 159 is fixed at the annular recessed part by adhesion or the like.
• the rotor magnet 159 includes a permanent magnet, is divided into a region magnetized at the S pole and a region magnetized at the N pole, and is alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.
• the rotor magnet 159 may be formed by injection molding using a resin material containing magnet powder, and the impeller body part 141, the base 142, and the blade 145 may be formed by injection molding with a resin material not containing magnet powder, and then the impeller body part 141, the base 142, and the blade 145 may be coupled.
• the outer diameter of the rotor magnet 159 is the same as the outer diameter of the impeller body part 141, and an outer peripheral surface of the rotor magnet 159 and the outer peripheral surface of the impeller body part 141 are flush with each other. Note that the impeller body part 141 and the rotor magnet 159 have outer diameters of sizes sufficient not to come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical part 182 of the stator holder 180. In short, the impeller body part 141 is sufficient to be able to rotate without coming into contact with the inner cylindrical part 182 of the stator holder 180 when the impeller 140 rotates.
• the base 142 is a member having a thin disk shape, and is integrally formed at the end part of the upper side (arrow a direction) of the impeller body part 141.
• the outer diameter of the base 142 is smaller than the inner diameter of the impeller accommodation space 180s.
• the impeller body part 141 includes a through hole 141h penetrating along the X axis direction (arrow ab direction) at the center of the impeller body part 141.
• the inner diameter of this through hole 141h is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 165 described later.
• the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 141h of the impeller body part 141 at the impeller 140 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 165 function as sleeve bearings.
• impeller 140 This enables the impeller 140 to rotate with respect to the shaft 165 fixed at the inner disk part 185 of the stator holder 180.
• the impeller body part 141 may be provided with a cylindrical sintered bearing.
• the plurality of blades 145 are radially arranged around the bulging part 143 about the shaft 165 as a rotation axis. As illustrated in FIG. 3 , the blade 145 is curved in an arc shape, and the height of the blade 145 gradually decreases as it goes outward (arrow c direction) in the radial direction from the shaft 165 (see FIG. 2 ). In this case, for example, seven blades 145 are provided, but no such limitation is intended, and other number of blades may be provided.
• the plurality of blades 145 all have identical structures and shapes.
• the rotation direction of the impeller 140 is the clockwise direction (indicated by a thick arrow) in the drawing
• the surface of the blade 145 opposing the shaft 165 not illustrated in FIG. 3 is a negative pressure side surface 145a
• the surface away from the negative pressure side surface 145a is a pressure side surface 145b.
• the negative pressure side surface 145a and the pressure side surface 145b of the blade 145 have the same curvature.
• the negative pressure side surface 145a of a tip end part (hereinafter, this is called an “inner tip end part”) 145t inside the blade 145 has an inclined surface 146 formed at a predetermined inclination angle.
• the inclined surface 146 is inclined such that a narrower angle (hereinafter, this is called a "narrow angle") formed by a tangent line TL1 of a center line 145L with respect to a thickness direction of the blade 145 and a tangent line TL2 of an imaginary circle ic connecting the inclined surfaces 146 of the seven blades 145 is, for example, 28 degrees.
• the imaginary circle ic is along an inflow angle of a fluid flowing in from the inflow part 123.
• the inclined surface 146 may be inclined such that a narrower angle (hereinafter, this is called a "narrow angle”) formed by a tangent line TL3 of the center line 145L with respect to the thickness direction of the blade 145 and a tangent line TL4 of an imaginary circle ic connecting the inclined surfaces 146 of the seven blades 145 is, for example, 38 degrees.
• a narrower angle hereinafter, this is called a "narrow angle”
• the inclination angle is preferably 28 degrees to 38 degrees, but is not limited to this.
• the bulging part 143 of the impeller 140 includes three through holes 143h formed of a plurality of circular shapes in plan view arranged at gaps of about 120 degrees about the shaft 165.
• the three through holes 143h are provided inward from the inclined surface 146 in the radial direction.
• the impeller body part 141 of the impeller 140 is provided with a recessed part space 141r having a bottomed cylindrical shape at a position corresponding to the through hole 143h of the bulging part 143 in the upward/downward direction (arrow ab direction) about the shaft 165, and the recessed part space 141r and the through hole 143h of the bulging part 143 communicate with each other.
• the through hole 143h of the bulging part 143 and the recessed part space 141r of the impeller body part 141 communicate with each other. Therefore, the space at the upper side (arrow a direction) provided with the plurality of blades 145 and the space at the lower side (arrow b direction) not provided with the plurality of blades 145 are connected to (communicate with) each other via the through hole 143h and the recessed part space 141r with the base 142 of the impeller 140 as a boundary.
• the impeller body part (rotor body part) 141 of the impeller 140 rotates about the shaft 165 by the electromagnetic action of the rotor 150 and the stator 160 of the motor 170.
• the blade 145 rotates together with the impeller body part 141, and the fluid flowing in from the inflow part 123 can be pumped from the outflow part 125 at the outer side (arrow c direction) in the radial direction by the action of the plurality of blades 145.
• the inclined surface 146 is provided at the negative pressure side surface 145a of the inner tip end parts 145t of the plurality of blades 145 at the impeller 140, and the plurality of through holes 143h are provided at the bulging part 143 of the base 142 so as to be adjacent to the inclined surface 146.
• the space at the upper side (arrow a direction) of the base 142 provided with the plurality of blades 145 and the space at the lower side (arrow b direction) of the base 142 not provided with the plurality of blades 145 communicate with each other due to the presence of the three through holes 143h provided at the bulging part 143 of the impeller 140, and it is possible to prevent a large pressure difference from being generated between the upper side space and the lower side space of the base 142.
• the through hole 143h is not present at the bulging part 143 of the impeller 140, a pressure difference is generated between the upper side space and the lower side space of the base 142, the entire impeller 140 rises upward (arrow a direction) along the shaft 156, and may come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the upper casing body part 121.
• the impeller 140 can stably rotate without coming into contact with the upper casing body part 121, and therefore the pump efficiency can be reliably improved accordingly.
• the pump efficiency becomes the highest when the outflow amount from the outflow part 125 is at the mid-range level (M) in the case where only the negative pressure side surface 145a is provided with the inclined surface 146 also in this case.
• the pump efficiency is a ratio between shaft power input by a drive shaft (the impeller 140 and the impeller body part 141 in this case) and water power output by the water pump 100.
• the PQ performance and the pump efficiency were verified when the inclined surface 146 provided at the negative pressure side surface 145a of the inner tip end part 145t of the blade 145 had the inclination angle of 38 degrees.
• a case where only the pressure side surface 145b of the blade 45 was provided with the inclined surface 146 having the inclination angle of 38 degrees and a case where both were provided with the inclined surface 146 having the inclination angle of 38 degrees were also verified at the same time as comparison targets.
• the pump efficiency can be improved as compared with a known art by the presence of the inclined surface 146 provided at the negative pressure side surface 145a of the inner tip end part 145t of the blade 145 and the three through holes 143h provided at the bulging part 143 of the impeller 140.
• water pump of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiment, the water pump of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment.
• the present invention is not limited to this, and as illustrated in FIG. 10 , seven through holes 143h as many in number as the seven blades 145, or 14, 21, or the like through holes 143h as a multiple of the number of the plurality of blades 145 may be provided.
• the inner diameter of the through hole 143h can be reduced to adjust the pressure difference between the upper side space and the lower side space of the base 142 of the impeller 140.
• the through holes 143h may be arranged so as to oppose the inclined surface 146 of the blade 145 in the circumferential direction.
• the seven through holes 143h may be arranged so as to oppose the inclined surface 146 of the blade 145 in the radial direction.
• the through holes may be arranged two by two so as to sandwich the inner tip end part 145t of the blade 145 in the radial direction.
• the 14 through holes 143h may be arranged so as to oppose two by two the inclined surface 146 of the blade 145 in the circumferential direction, or may be arranged so as to oppose two by two the inclined surface 146 of the blade 145 in the radial direction.
• the inclined surface 146 of the blade 145 and the through hole 283h are in line contact with each other, and the pressure difference between the upper side space and the lower side space of the base 142 of the impeller 140 can be adjusted only by a small number of the through holes 283h.
• the impeller 140 a configuration with the impeller body part 141 as a part of the impeller 140 and being provided integrally with the base 142, the bulging part 143, and the blade 145 as a part of the rotor 150 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the rotor 150 and the impeller 140 may be formed as separate components and then integrally coupled by welding or the like.
• the water pump 100 in the embodiment a case of being attached to an engine room or the like has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the water pump 100 may be used in a case of forcibly circulating cooling water with respect to an electric device such as an inverter at a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle having been widely used in recent years.
• an electric device such as an inverter at a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle having been widely used in recent years.

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• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

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• 2023
  • 2023-03-23 JP JP2023047356A patent/JP2024136279A/ja active Pending
• 2024
  • 2024-02-07 WO PCT/JP2024/004012 patent/WO2024195334A1/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2024-02-07 EP EP24774480.8A patent/EP4685355A1/de active Pending
  • 2024-02-07 CN CN202480009343.6A patent/CN120604043A/zh active Pending

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