EP4591104A1 - Dispositif de formation de faisceau optique et projecteur de signe sans masque - Google Patents

Dispositif de formation de faisceau optique et projecteur de signe sans masque

Info

Publication number
EP4591104A1
EP4591104A1 EP23776898.1A EP23776898A EP4591104A1 EP 4591104 A1 EP4591104 A1 EP 4591104A1 EP 23776898 A EP23776898 A EP 23776898A EP 4591104 A1 EP4591104 A1 EP 4591104A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
condenser
cluster
lens array
lenses
condenser lens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23776898.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Schreiber
Rohan KUNDU
Dirk Michaelis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Schiller Universtaet Jena FSU
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Friedrich Schiller Universtaet Jena FSU
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Schiller Universtaet Jena FSU, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Friedrich Schiller Universtaet Jena FSU
Publication of EP4591104A1 publication Critical patent/EP4591104A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0062—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/008—Combination of two or more successive refractors along an optical axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical beam former for generating an outgoing light beam from an incident light beam, to a projector with such an optical beam former and to methods for providing an optical beam former and for designing a condenser lens array.
  • the present invention relates in particular to a maskless character projector.
  • Character projectors are used to transmit information, e.g. B. used for route markings (so-called exit signs, visitor guidance or the like), Car2X communication in the automotive sector, for advertising purposes or in user interfaces, such as household electronics.
  • Gobo projectors often used for these applications work on the principle of the classic slide projector, typically with LED lighting with a binary slide (gobo) or a gobo turret to project multiple images.
  • the system transmission is limited by the area of the openings of the gobo used.
  • the required luminance of the projected image, together with the luminance of the light source, determines the minimum lateral extent of the projector.
  • These relationships are conveyed by the etendue of the light source and projection optics [1].
  • the overall length of the project is essentially determined by the focal length of the projection optics (a few 10 to over 100 mm).
  • micro-optical projector arrays with Köhler lighting array projector
  • MLA tandem microlens arrays
  • this optical scheme corresponds to a honeycomb condenser with a close focal length Aperture or slide array buried in the input lenses.
  • this projector architecture space-saving setups are possible on the one hand and, on the other hand, projection onto inclined and curved screen surfaces is possible due to the large depth of field of the array projector channels [3].
  • the transmission of the array projector like that of the classic slide projector, is primarily limited by the area filling factor of the binary microdiaray array. Producing the MLA along with the buried ones proves difficult Slide arrays: This requires the sequential replication of the slides and both MLAs with very precise centering in the micrometer range. The costly replication requires modified mask aligners [4],
  • CGH computer-generated holograms
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to create an optical beam shaper and an associated projector and method for providing an optical beam shaper as well as a method for designing a condenser lens array that enables projection of patterns with a wide range of uses, and at the same time can be manufactured precisely and can be carried out cost-effectively is.
  • a core idea of the present invention is that by using irregularly edged microlenses in microlens arrays, the aperture of which is adapted to the pattern to be displayed by the respective microlens, beam shaping can also take place, but unlike buried slides, this does not result in reduced transmission can, which is why the output light output is comparably high and there is no need to position the corresponding micro slides.
  • this creates a wide range of applications, since such microlenses can be irradiated with any wavelength, as well as the possibility of precise, simple and, in particular, cost-effective replication.
  • an optical beam shaper for generating an emitted light beam from an incident light beam comprises a condenser lens array for receiving the incident light beam, the condenser lens array comprising a plurality of condenser lenses; and a parallel to that Condenser lens array arranged projection lens array for emitting the incident light beam, wherein the projection lens array has a plurality of projection lenses.
  • the condenser lens array has at least one cluster of condenser lenses, each condenser lens of the cluster having an aperture adapted to a partial area of an overall pattern projected with the optical beam shaper in order to provide for the projection lens array a part of the incident light beam which is assigned to the partial area of the overall pattern; wherein a combination of the apertures of the condenser lenses is adapted to the overall pattern.
  • a method for providing an optical beam shaper for generating an incident light beam from an incident light beam comprises the following steps: providing a condenser lens array for receiving the incident light beam such that the condenser lens array comprises a plurality of condenser lenses; and arranging a projection lens array set up to emit the incident light beam parallel to the condenser lens array, so that the projection lens array has a plurality of projection lenses, so that the condenser lens array has at least one cluster of condenser lenses, of which each condenser lens of the cluster is connected to a portion of a with the optical Beam shaper projected overall pattern has an aperture adapted to provide for the projection lens array a part of the incident light beam, which is assigned to the partial area of the overall pattern; so that a combination of the apertures of the condenser lenses is adapted to the overall pattern.
  • 1a shows a schematic side sectional view of an optical beam shaper according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 1d shows a schematic top view of a cluster of condenser lenses with apertures adapted to the respective partial area from FIG. 1b, according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a cluster modified compared to FIG. 1d in a schematic top view according to an exemplary embodiment
  • 4a-b show two different cluster variants for the arrangement of the six segments of the pattern from FIG. 3 according to exemplary embodiments
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a projector according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Embodiments described below are described in connection with a large number of details. However, embodiments can also be implemented without these detailed features. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, exemplary embodiments are described using block diagrams as a replacement for a detailed representation. Furthermore, details and/or features of individual exemplary embodiments can easily be combined with one another, as long as it is not explicitly described to the contrary.
  • the optical beam shaper 10 is designed to generate an emitted light beam 12 from an incident light beam 14.
  • the optical beam shaper 10 comprises a condenser lens array 16 for receiving the incident light beam bundle 14.
  • the condenser lens array 16 comprises a plurality of at least two, at least three, preferably at least four, at least ten, particularly preferably a hundred or a few hundred or even more condenser lenses 181-184.
  • a projection lens array 22 is arranged parallel to the condenser lens array 16, which is set up to emit the emerging light beam 12.
  • the projection lens array 22 includes a plurality of condenser lenses 24I-244.
  • Substrates 26i and 262 of the arrays 16 and 22 can be formed separately from one another, but can also be formed in one piece.
  • one condenser lens 18 form an array channel with a projection lens 24j.
  • a number of projection lenses 24 of the projection array 22 may be equal to a number of condenser lenses 18 of the condenser lens array 16.
  • exemplary embodiments are not limited to this, so that a number of projection lenses 24 can also differ from a number of condenser lenses 18.
  • the condenser lens array 16 has at least one cluster of condenser lenses 18, each of which has an aperture adapted to a partial area of an overall pattern 28 projected with the optical beam former 10 in order to provide a portion of the incident light beam 14 for the projection lens array 22 that is associated with the partial area of the overall pattern.
  • the combination of the apertures of the condenser lenses is adapted to the overall pattern 28.
  • Fig. 1b shows a schematic top view of an exemplary embodiment of the pattern 28, which has the shape of an exclamation mark “exclamation mark” by way of example and in no way limiting.
  • Fig. 1c shows a schematic top view of the pattern 28 from Fig. 1b, which is divided into a number of exemplary three subregions 32i, 322 and 32s.
  • Interpretation rules for dividing the pattern 28 into the subareas 32I-32 3 are discussed below.
  • the shape or geometry of the partial areas 32I-32 3 can, however, form a basis for the apertures of the condenser lenses of the condenser lens array 16, whereby the use of three condenser lenses can be sufficient for the projection of the pattern 28.
  • FIG. 1d shows a schematic top view of a cluster 34 of condenser lenses 181, 18 2 and 183, wherein the cluster 34 can form at least part of the condenser lens array 16.
  • the cluster is shown reversed and upside down.
  • Apertures 36i, 362 and 36s of the condenser lenses I81, 182 and 183 can have a shape adapted to a respective partial area 32i, 322 and 32s.
  • the apertures or boundaries 36i, 362 and/or 363 can, for example, be formed geometrically similar to the outer boundaries of the respective partial areas 32i, 322 and 32s.
  • the total number of apertures 36i, 362 and 363 can be adapted to the overall pattern 28.
  • a condenser lens of the cluster is designed such that it has an aperture area that is influenced or determined by the apertures 36i, 362 and/or 363.
  • the aperture surface can, as shown in FIG. 1d, be filled to form a channel surface by means of an intermediate region that at least partially surrounds the aperture surface.
  • the channel surface can, for example, be rectangular, parallelogram-shaped, hexagonal or otherwise designed and, for example, be at least partially influenced by a design or aperture of an opposing projection lens.
  • the plurality of channel surfaces in the cluster can be arranged to fill the area, as shown, for example, in FIG. 2.
  • light-scattering regions 38i, 382 and/or 383 can be provided in the condenser lens array 16 and/or the cluster 34 thereof, which make it possible to fill up intermediate regions when a plurality of condenser lenses are joined together in the condenser lens array 16, which later appear in the projected pattern are then hidden.
  • Such filling or geometry of the light-scattering regions 38i-38s can be designed in such a way that the corresponding outlines can be joined together without any problems.
  • filling can take place between the apertures and the channel surface of the lenslets 42i-42s.
  • character decomposition and area-filling arrangement in segments and clusters can take place.
  • the character or pattern to be displayed can first be broken down into partial graphics, as explained in FIG. 1c.
  • This decomposition can be carried out in such a way that the best possible surface filling of the channels of the segment is permitted.
  • 1b and 1c show a decomposition of an exclamation mark into two trapezoids 32i, 32 2 and a circle 32 3 , which preferably have a comparable size.
  • the partial graphics can be fitted into rectangular or square condenser lenslets, as shown in FIG. 1d. This means that apertu- take place.
  • another geometry can also be selected that enables good tiling or an arrangement that fills the area. These include, for example, triangles or hexagons.
  • the difference quantities between the graphics part and the aperture of the lenslets can be designed as scattering areas 38i-38s.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified cluster 34 'in a schematic top view.
  • the cluster 34 ' has, for example, three segments 44i, 442 and 44s, each segment having a number of adjacent, identically formed channels or lenses with the same, in particular congruent, condenser lens edge, aperture, and is imaged on the same area of a projection surface, which is achieved by a corresponding direction can be adjusted using the projection lens array.
  • the optional scattering areas can be designed identically with regard to the respective boundary, although this is not necessarily implemented. Alternatively or additionally, the formation of the scattering areas can vary from channel to channel and/or from cluster to cluster. This means that several clusters can be part of an optical beam shaper.
  • Each segment 44i, 442 and 44s has, for example, a number of six identical lenslets 42i, i-42i, 6-42S, i-42s, 6. It should be noted that the number of identical lenslets per segment 44i-44s is not necessarily the same, but can also be different. This also means that the number of six identical lenslets per segment 44i-444 is chosen merely as an example and, as shown for example in FIG. 1d, can be one or a higher value, which can be any, for example two, three, four , five or more.
  • the light-scattering regions 38 enable an area-filling arrangement of the respective lenslets in the cluster 34' and thus in the condenser lens array.
  • an optical beam shaper is provided in which a fill factor of the condenser lenses 18 in the cluster 34, 34 'and/or in the condenser lens array 18 is at least 70%, preferably at least 75% and particularly preferably at least 80%.
  • an area proportion of intermediate areas which may be designed as light-scattering areas, can be a maximum of 30%, a maximum of 25% or a maximum of 20%.
  • Embodiments provide that the intermediate regions of the condenser lens array and/or the cluster are distributed equally within a tolerance range or symmetrically distributed in one or more segments of the cluster 34' in the cluster 34, 34' and/or in a group of several clusters.
  • the intermediate areas can disrupt the optical transmission and/or reduce local brightness, particularly when designed as light-scattering areas. Such influences can be kept to a small extent for the optical observer by the symmetrical distribution or the uniform distribution.
  • a surface-filling arrangement of the condenser apertures in three segments can be obtained, which together can in turn form a rectangular cluster 34'.
  • the design of the cluster 34' as a rectangle advantageously enables a tiling of several clusters, whereby the rectangular design is not absolutely necessary.
  • Fig. 2 shows a tiling-capable cluster variant for arranging the parts of six exclamation marks in three segments.
  • This rectangular cluster in turn, can be parquetted over the entire area in order to achieve the desired overall expansion of the honeycomb condenser.
  • segments and merging them as clusters.
  • the circular area of the partial area 32 from FIG. 1c could advantageously be inscribed in regularly hexagonal-edged condenser lenslets with a higher surface filling. These could be arranged in a densely tiled hexagonal array.
  • the segments 44i and 44 2 can advantageously be designed larger, that is, with a higher number of partial graphics, which means that proportionately smaller scattering connection areas are required between the segments.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic top view of a pattern 28 ', which is represented by the letter A as an example, so that Fig. 3 explains a further segment decomposition for the letter “A” by way of example. While the decomposition of the exclamation mark in FIG. 1b led to trapezoidal or circular parts that did not completely fill the area, This can be carried out easily with the exemplary letter A, so that the segments 32'I-32'4 can be designed, for example, as parallelograms, which can be arranged particularly advantageously to fill the area, in particular parquet.
  • a parquet arrangement can be understood as arranging two adjacent segments and in particular a higher number of segments in a volume without intermediate areas or with at most negligible intermediate areas.
  • a shape and size of the partial areas 32'i and 32'2 on the one hand and 32's and 32'4 on the other hand can each be identical.
  • symmetries in the pattern to be broken down can be exploited.
  • FIG. 3 shows the decomposition of a letter “A” into parallelograms and trapezoids.
  • this is merely an exemplary use of the letter “A” as a pattern to be dissected and projected.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b two different cluster variants for the arrangement of the six segments 32'i-32'e of the pattern 28' from FIG. 3 are shown. Illustrated as an example is a four-fold arrangement of condenser lenslets or condenser lenses 18j.j, whereby in connection with FIGS. 4a and 4b the parameter i corresponds to the numbering of the sub-areas from FIG. 3 and the parameter j is a running index within the same sub-areas or identical shaped lenses, which are combined into segments 44i-44ß.
  • the clusters 44I-444 which are already formed or joined together from tileable apertures, can also be joined together well, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 4a, but also in FIG. 4b. If the condenser lenses 18 of different segments 44I-444 differ, light-scattering areas 38 can be provided in the intermediate areas.
  • intermediate areas 38 5 , j and 38 6 , j can be provided in order to fill up a base area that can be tiled. This can be particularly advantageous if the respective segments include condenser lenses 18 which are arranged in the same direction or in the same orientation and only shifted relative to one another.
  • all condenser lenses may be arranged in an orientation that corresponds to the pattern to be projected.
  • a cluster may have one or more segments, each with a plurality of condenser lenses, whose respective aperture is adapted to the same portion of the overall pattern, in accordance with exemplary embodiments described herein.
  • Different segments can have the same or different number of channels, which enables homogenization and/or individual adjustment of sub-areas with regard to brightness.
  • the cluster may have a plurality of condenser lenses, and each portion of the overall pattern may be projected multiple times through the cluster, which is possible using segments described herein, but can also be achieved in other ways, such as a distributed arrangement of the ones directed at the same portion condenser lenses.
  • the condenser lenses of the cluster can be arranged in a tiling manner in the condenser lens array, with tiling taking place at least in a partial area, as is shown, for example, for the segments 44I- 444 , but also for the segments 44s and 44ß arranged thereon without gaps, which also contributes to the parquetting.
  • the light-scattering areas are designed to be appropriately distributed in relation to a respective segment and/or in relation to the cluster or the overall pattern in order to take the darkening caused by the light-scattering areas into account as a perceptible effect and to use it as a degree of design freedom.
  • a different number of condenser lenses can be arranged in order to project different partial areas of the overall pattern. Such a difference can occur through different numbers in the cluster and/or in segments and/or through different configurations of clusters.
  • a cluster or a combination of clusters can control brightnesses of the subgraphs.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b examples are shown in which there is an arrangement of identical graphic parts in a segment 44i-44ß.
  • a nested arrangement of different parts of a decomposition in a mixed segment can be useful.
  • An example is a space-filling arrangement of equilateral triangular apertures in a mixed segment, with a triangle on one side and a triangle on one tip alternating with each other. If the parts of the graphic to be displayed consist of or include equilateral triangles that are rotated by 180° to each other, this represents a simple option for surface-filling tessellation. Other options for tessellation are also possible and can be combined with each other if necessary. This means that hexagons and triangles can be joined together without any problems.
  • Fig. 5a shows a schematic top view of the cluster 34 'from Fig. 2 with the segments 44i, 442 and 44s and an additional representation of section lines HH and VV, which run along an exemplary two-dimensional Cartesian Coordinate system are arranged along the direction x and the direction y arranged perpendicular thereto.
  • section lines schematic side sectional views of a beam shaper in accordance with exemplary embodiments are described in FIGS. 5b and 5c.
  • 5a also shows comparisons of dimensions 48 iiX and 48j. y , which denotes a dimension along the direction x or y of an aperture of the identically formed condenser lenses of the segments 44j.
  • An aspect ratio 48 iiX : 48j,j which can describe an aspect ratio between a largest extent and a smallest extent of the aperture of each condenser lens, can be set up according to one embodiment so that a value of at most four, at most three, at most two, preferably less and particularly preferably of approximately one, as obtained for example for the circular aperture of the segment 44s. It should be noted that the reference directions for the largest and smallest expansion directions can vary arbitrarily in space and are arranged rather randomly along the x and y directions.
  • the case of projection to infinity can first be discussed. Seen from the direction of the light source, for example, the partial graphics must first be mirrored and rotated by 180°.
  • the embodiments described here concentrate on the representation of the exclamation mark in the description below.
  • a channel-by-channel mirroring and rotation of the cluster is shown in Fig. 5a, seen from the direction of the light source.
  • the projection lenses of a segment can image the respective partial graphic at a certain angle. For the example in Fig. 5a, this means that segments 18i and 183 are imaged upwards and downwards respectively with respect to the image of segment 442. This can be achieved by designing the projector lenslets as appropriately decentered lens segments.
  • the oppositely arranged projection lens array 22 comprises projection lenses 242.1-242.3 and 24 3 , I, which can form a respective optical channel with a respective condenser lens 182.1, 182.2, 182.3 and 183.1.
  • projection lenses of the projection lens array 22 can have an aperture that is the same as one another, which can, for example, be particularly large, particularly uniform and in particular formed without an overlap.
  • the plurality of projection lenses 24 can each have an aperture whose geometry is independent of a geometry of the overall pattern, that is, is designed differently than the apertures of the condenser lenses 18.
  • a geometry of an aperture of a projection lens 24 can depend on an aperture of an opposite one Condenser lens 18 may be different.
  • each condenser lens 18 can be assigned a projection lens 24.
  • the associated projection lens can have an individual decentering with respect to the associated condenser lens in order to image an overlay of the partial images of the overall pattern in the hyperfocal area, this being an optional embodiment.
  • Fig. 5b shows the side view of the vertical section V-V through the honeycomb condenser marked in Fig. 5a.
  • the projector lenslets 242, 1, 242,2, and 242,3 can image the channels 18 for the central part of the graphic without deflection to infinity
  • a decentered lens segment 24s, 1 can ensure a downwardly shifted image of the point of the exclamation mark, for example in order to obtain a distance between the fuselage and the point of the exclamation mark in the overall pattern that is not present in the cluster 34'.
  • condenser lenslets 18 can advantageously be designed as decentered lens segments.
  • a mixed form of both approaches may also be possible, as described for example in [7], which enables projector lenses 24 of the same or at least similar size and thus an etendue-preserving operation of the beam shaper.
  • Variant 3 offers possibly the greatest advantages in the form of etendue preservation and good stray light suppression. Although variant 2 preserves the etendue, it complicates condenser lens production and potentially increases scattered light/channel crosstalk, although these limitations can be quite acceptable compared to the advantages according to the invention. Variant 1, on the other hand, reduces the acceptance angle of the beam shaper with unchanged scattered light suppression.
  • a projection to a finite distance is possible, for example, by connecting focusing optics in a projector that has an optical beam shaper described herein and a light source for providing the incident light.
  • the projection can be done both hyperfocally and using decentering and alternatively at the projection distance using focused projection lenses and using decentering.
  • a projector can have focusing optics and/or an individual projection lens decentering for focusing the overall pattern or the correct superposition of channel images in an imaging plane.
  • focusing imaging imaging in their focal plane may be possible.
  • focusing on projector lenses 24 that are sufficiently small and work in the exemplary but not necessary hyperfocal range is possible by individually decentering the projector lenses relative to the respective condenser lenses in accordance with the approach of the array projector [2].
  • An exemplary embodiment can be designed in such a way that while the non-scattering areas of the condenser lenslets 18 only image the light source onto the respectively assigned projector lenslet 24, the scattering areas distribute the incident light to many, preferably distant, projector lenses 24 and thus increase the brightness of the projection reduce the assigned projection lenslet 24 so much that there is sufficient contrast between the projected part, see Fig. 1d, 18i, 182, 183, of the exclamation mark and the difference quantity to be hidden, see Fig. 1d, 38i, 382 and 383, to the condenser aperture, see Figs. 1d, 36i, 362 and 363.
  • Fig. 5c shows a top view of the horizontal section HH of Fig. 5a.
  • the areas 18I.6, I813, 182.6 and 182.3 of the condenser lenslets to be imaged can image the light source in the associated projection lenslets in the illumination beam path, which can also be referred to as Köhler lighting, and thus enable bright imaging of these areas of the condenser lenslet by the associated one Projection lenslet.
  • the light-scattering areas 38 distribute the irradiated light over many, preferably more distant, adjacent channels. This, together with the larger aberrations in this case when imaged through distant projector lenses, can reduce the brightness of the projection of these areas, particularly to the extent that the respective part of the character is displayed with sufficient contrast.
  • a fill factor of the projection lenses in the projection lens array 22 can be designed to be particularly high and be, for example, at least 90%, at least 92% or at least 95%.
  • Different optical properties can be used to set a direction.
  • a condenser lens aperture can be arranged offset with respect to a vertex of a projection lens assigned to the condenser lens in order to set the direction, that is, the direction setting of the projection, of a projection caused by the projection lens.
  • an aperture of the projection lens 24 can be arranged opposite the aperture of the condenser lens and the projection lens 24 can comprise a decentered lens element, as shown for example for the lens element 24s, 1, in order to at least partially cause the direction.
  • the condenser lens 18 can comprise a decentered lens segment. This can influence the illumination of the projection lens, although the direction may remain unaffected.
  • Fig. 5c shows a horizontal section through the cluster of Fig. 5a.
  • the scattering areas 38 are only designated for the lower channel, lower position of the value x.
  • the light-scattering areas 38 shown hatched in FIG. 5a can be implemented as simple surface scatterers with a microscopically, statistically rough surface.
  • implementation as a deterministic diffuser is possible, as described for example in [8].
  • Another implementation is a design as a concave lenslet, which distributes the light from this area over the largest possible angular range and thus over many projector lenses.
  • This concave lenslet can be designed, for example, as a Fresnellenslet.
  • the concave lenslet that this lenslet can or should be designed slightly differently in each channel of a segment in order to prevent hotspots when imaging the scattering areas.
  • segmented light-scattering regions are the Fresnel lens structures mentioned, in which Fresnel back flanks of a respective Fresnel lens structure are advantageously arranged offset with respect to another Fresnel lens structure in order to adjust the various optical properties.
  • the decomposition of the graphic may, for example, require as few and similarly sized segments as possible, as is shown, for example, with reference to FIG. 1 b and/or FIG. 3.
  • NA numerical apertures
  • FIG. 6 A too small NA of the condenser lenslet 36i can cause a comparatively large Airy diffraction disk 52i in the projected light distribution, which can reach into the neighboring projector lenslets and thus cause channel crosstalk.
  • Comparatively large condenser lenslets 362 can generate a larger illumination NA and thus inversely proportionally smaller Airy disks 522, whereby channel crosstalk can be reduced or prevented, which is advantageous for the overall projection.
  • large condenser lenses have a large NA (or low f/#) and therefore tend to produce larger aberrations, which can blur the image of the light source in the projection lens and thus also lead to channel crosstalk.
  • a favorable, preferred but not restrictive compromise between the two limitations is an NA in the range of approx. 0.1 ... 0.2.
  • the extent of the channel input apertures can be designed so that they are as similar as possible in order to avoid large fluctuations in the arrow heights of the condenser lenslets from segment to segment. Such jumps in height can generate scattered light, which can reach into neighboring condenser lenslets and thus also cause channel crosstalk. Furthermore, this enables the projector lenses to be designed with an identical or at least similar pitch, i.e. H. Distance or repeat distance. This enables etendue-preserving operation of the projector [6, 7].
  • the area of the diffuser areas 38 within and between the segments and between adjacent clusters can be minimized to achieve a high usable transmission. What determines this or at least influences it is the way in which the characters to be displayed are broken down.
  • a collimated light source e.g. B. a collimated LED illuminates the irregular honeycomb condenser, the surface of which is made up of several identical clusters that fill as much area as possible. Each cluster consists of several segments, which are also arranged next to each other to cover as much space as possible. If it is not possible to tessellate the clusters or their segments over the entire area, the remaining spaces are designed as light-scattering areas and their projection is thus suppressed.
  • the input apertures of the identical condenser lenslets of each segment each correspond to a part of the projected character.
  • Their boundary geometry such as rectangle, square, parallelogram, hexagon, can enable surface-filling tiling. If complete correspondence between the part of the character and the area-filling boundary geometry is not achieved, the remaining part of the condenser lenslet can be designed as a scattering area and thus suppress its projection become.
  • the areas of the scattering areas as well as the above-mentioned spaces between segments and clusters can be made proportionately as small as possible.
  • the output apertures of the projector lenslet of each segment are advantageously adapted as well as possible to the far field distribution of the light irradiated into the honeycomb condenser.
  • this can correspond to a square aperture, for example.
  • the projection lenses can also be arranged to fill the area in order to be able to make good use of the advantages according to the invention. This makes it possible to achieve an approximately etendue-preserving projection [6].
  • the area-filling design of the condenser lenslets on the input side and the minimization of the scattering areas can have comparatively higher priority.
  • a notable function of the projection lenslets can be the depiction of the individual parts of the character, i.e. H. the condenser lenslets of a segment, at a certain angle, in order to achieve the correct arrangement of the projection of the individual parts in the projection (direction).
  • the projector lenslets are designed, for example, as decentered lens segments.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method 700 according to an embodiment that may be used, for example, to provide an optical beam shaper in accordance with embodiments described herein.
  • a step 710 includes providing a condenser lens array for receiving the incident light beam such that the condenser lens array includes a plurality of condenser lenses.
  • a step 720 includes arranging a projector lens array configured to emit the incident light beam parallel to the condenser lens array so that the projection lens array includes a plurality of projection lenses.
  • One or more boundary conditions 730 are implemented in such a way that the condenser lens array has at least one cluster of condenser lenses, of which each condenser lens of the cluster has an aperture adapted to a partial area of an overall pattern projected with the optical beam shaper in order to provide a part of the incident light bundle for the projection lens array to provide that is assigned to the part of the overall pattern.
  • a step 810 includes breaking down a total area of an overall pattern to be projected into a plurality of partial areas.
  • a step 820 includes adjusting a respective aperture of a condenser lens of the condenser lens array to one of the plurality of portions to project each of the plurality of portions with at least one matched condenser lens.
  • a step 830 includes positioning the plurality of condenser lenses in the condenser lens array.
  • the method 800 can be carried out in such a way that the condenser lenses are designed in such a way that an aspect ratio between a maximum extent and a minimum extent of the aperture of each condenser lens has a value of at most four.
  • the method 800 can alternatively or additionally be carried out in such a way that the condenser lenses are designed in such a way that condenser lenses of a cluster differ from one another by a factor of at most five based on a largest extent of the aperture.
  • the method 800 can alternatively or additionally be carried out in such a way that the positioning 830 includes tiling the condenser lenses in at least one cluster with at least one segment and a light-scattering region is provided in intermediate regions of adjacent apertures in the tiling.
  • the adjustment 820 can optionally be carried out in such a way that a cluster of condenser lenses of the condenser lens array has a plurality of adjacent segments and light-scattering intermediate regions between apertures of the condenser lenses of a segment are arranged in relation to at least one other segment with little repetition in relation to the local arrangement, that is, for example Equal distribution is at least the aim.
  • the method 800 preferably includes the step of producing the condenser lens array, with the production also taking place at a different position or location may include, for example, transmitting the results of the method 800 to a manufacturing device.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of a projector 90 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • This includes a light source 54 for providing the incident light beam bundle 14 and an optical beam shaper according to one exemplary embodiment, such as the beam shaper 10, whereby other beam shapers described herein and in particular condenser lens arrays can easily be provided.
  • the light source 54 can be, for example, a collimated light source, which can be achieved using additional or already integral collimating optics.
  • the plurality of projection lenses of the beam shaper 10 can have an aperture whose shape is adapted to a far-field distribution of the light source 54.
  • the projector 90 can have focusing optics 56 for focusing the overall pattern into an imaging plane 58.
  • embodiments described herein may be embodied as a maskless character projector that may eliminate the need for the use of absorbent slide structures. This enables high system transmission and simplifies production or enables new manufacturing technologies, such as plastic injection molding or hot stamping.
  • a modified honeycomb condenser architecture By using a modified honeycomb condenser architecture, a dependency between the angle of incidence and the radiated far field distribution can be reduced or eliminated as long as the angle of incidence is less than or equal to the acceptance angle of the honeycomb condenser. Easy adaptability to projection onto inclined and/or curved projection surfaces can be achieved similar to the array projector architecture according to [3].
  • Embodiments described herein can be carried out in particular in the area of automotive interior and exterior lighting, such as character projection onto the road for Car2X communication and interior lighting for clearly defined illuminated areas. Alternatively or additionally, symbols for security and advertising applications can be projected, with any other applications possible.
  • Maskless drawing projector consisting of at least or comprising a cluster of honeycomb condensers, each consisting of at least two different segments
  • embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware or in software.
  • the implementation may be using a digital storage medium such as a floppy disk, a DVD, a Blu-ray Disc, a CD, a ROM, a PROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM or a FLASH memory, a hard drive or other magnetic or optical memory are carried out on which electronically readable control signals are stored, which can interact with a programmable computer system in such a way that the respective method is carried out. Therefore, the digital storage medium can be computer readable.
  • some embodiments according to the invention include a data carrier having electronically readable control signals capable of interacting with a programmable computer system such that one of the methods described herein is carried out.
  • embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as a computer program product with a program code, the program code being effective to perform one of the methods when the computer program product runs on a computer.
  • the program code can, for example, also be stored on a machine-readable medium.
  • inventions include the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein, the computer program being stored on a machine-readable medium.
  • an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a computer program that has a program code for carrying out one of the methods described herein when the computer program is running on a computer. running.
  • a further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a data carrier (or a digital storage medium or a computer-readable medium) on which the computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein is recorded.
  • a further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a data stream or a sequence of signals which represents the computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein.
  • the data stream or the sequence of signals can, for example, be configured to be transferred via a data communication connection, for example via the Internet.
  • Another embodiment includes a computer on which the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein is installed.
  • a programmable logic device e.g., a field programmable gate array, an FPGA
  • a field programmable gate array may cooperate with a microprocessor to perform any of the methods described herein.
  • the methods are performed by any hardware device. This can be universally applicable hardware such as a computer processor (CPU) or hardware specific to the method, such as an ASIC.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de formation de faisceau optique pour générer un faisceau lumineux émergent à partir d'un faisceau lumineux incident, le dispositif de formation de faisceau optique comprenant un réseau de lentilles de condenseur pour recevoir le faisceau lumineux incident, le réseau de lentilles de condenseur comprenant une pluralité de lentilles de condenseur. Le dispositif de formation de faisceau optique comprend un réseau de lentilles de projection, agencé en parallèle avec le réseau de lentilles de condenseur, pour rayonner le faisceau de lumière incidente, le réseau de lentilles de projection comprenant une pluralité de lentilles de projection. Le réseau de lentilles de condenseur comprend au moins un groupe de lentilles de condenseur, dont chaque lentille de condenseur du groupe comprend une ouverture adaptée à une sous-région d'un motif global projeté par le dispositif de formation de faisceau optique, afin de fournir une partie du faisceau de lumière incidente pour le réseau de lentilles de projection, laquelle partie est attribuée à la sous-région du motif global. Une combinaison des ouvertures des lentilles de condenseur est adaptée au motif global.
EP23776898.1A 2022-09-23 2023-09-21 Dispositif de formation de faisceau optique et projecteur de signe sans masque Pending EP4591104A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022210090.5A DE102022210090A1 (de) 2022-09-23 2022-09-23 Optischer strahlformer und maskenloser zeichenprojektor
PCT/EP2023/076092 WO2024062044A1 (fr) 2022-09-23 2023-09-21 Dispositif de formation de faisceau optique et projecteur de signe sans masque

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4591104A1 true EP4591104A1 (fr) 2025-07-30

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US (1) US20250216054A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4591104A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2025534985A (fr)
KR (1) KR20250084148A (fr)
CN (1) CN120225920A (fr)
DE (1) DE102022210090A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024062044A1 (fr)

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DE102025101147B3 (de) 2025-01-14 2026-05-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Optischer Strahlformer, Projektionsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Konstruieren einer Mehrzahl von Kondensorlinsen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4448504A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-05-15 Industrial Electronic Engineers, Inc. Rear end projection system employing aspherical lenses
JP5000812B2 (ja) * 2001-03-23 2012-08-15 株式会社リコー 結像素子アレイおよび光書込ユニットおよび画像形成装置
JP2007094217A (ja) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Fujifilm Corp 露光ヘッド
JP2009223192A (ja) * 2008-03-18 2009-10-01 Sekisui Film Kk 光学素子
DE102009024894A1 (de) * 2009-06-15 2010-12-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Projektionsdisplay und dessen Verwendung
WO2011027254A1 (fr) * 2009-09-07 2011-03-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Projecteur d'image
CN103050502A (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-17 格科微电子（上海）有限公司 晶圆级镜头模组阵列、阵列组合及两者的制作方法
DE102013003441A1 (de) 2013-02-25 2014-09-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektromagnetische Strahlung streuendes Element
DE102015216985A1 (de) * 2015-09-04 2017-03-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Projektionsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Projektion mit optischen Freiformflächen
AT517887B1 (de) * 2015-10-23 2018-06-15 Zkw Group Gmbh Mikroprojektions-Lichtmodul für Fahrzeugscheinwerfer
AU2015101793B4 (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-24 Ccl Secure Pty Ltd Method of manufacturing a security document
DE102016204344A1 (de) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Scheinwerfer für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102017217345B4 (de) * 2017-09-28 2019-12-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Optischer Strahlformer
DE102020126716A1 (de) * 2020-10-12 2022-04-14 Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen (Germany) GmbH Projektionsvorrichtung für ein Mikroprojektionslichtmodul für einen Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer

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DE102022210090A1 (de) 2024-03-28
WO2024062044A1 (fr) 2024-03-28
CN120225920A (zh) 2025-06-27
JP2025534985A (ja) 2025-10-22
US20250216054A1 (en) 2025-07-03
KR20250084148A (ko) 2025-06-10

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