EP3833904B1 - Dispositif de projection, module lumineux et phares de véhicule automobile de micro-optiques - Google Patents

Dispositif de projection, module lumineux et phares de véhicule automobile de micro-optiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3833904B1
EP3833904B1 EP19752994.4A EP19752994A EP3833904B1 EP 3833904 B1 EP3833904 B1 EP 3833904B1 EP 19752994 A EP19752994 A EP 19752994A EP 3833904 B1 EP3833904 B1 EP 3833904B1
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Prior art keywords
micro
light
optical system
optics
optical
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EP19752994.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3833904A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Moser
Bernhard Mandl
Friedrich Bauer
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ZKW Group GmbH
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ZKW Group GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/265—Composite lenses; Lenses with a patch-like shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/002—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light
    • F21V5/004—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light using microlenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/08—Refractors for light sources producing an asymmetric light distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F21W2102/16—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions having blurred cut-off lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projection device for a light module of a motor vehicle headlight, which is formed from a large number of micro-optical systems arranged in a matrix-like manner, each micro-optical system having a micro-entry optic, a micro-exit optic assigned to the micro-entry optic and a micro-exit optic between the micro-entry optic and
  • the micro-aperture arranged on the micro-exit optics preferably consists of these elements, with all micro-entry optics forming an entry optic, all micro-exit optics forming an exit optic and all micro-apertures forming an aperture device, with the aperture device in one (precisely one) essentially Main emission direction of the projection device orthogonal plane - in an intermediate image plane - is arranged (ie all micro-apertures are in the same intermediate image plane) and the entrance optics, the exit optics and the diaphragm device arranged in planes substantially parallel to one another s ind.
  • the invention also relates to a light module with at least one projection device mentioned above and a motor vehicle headlight with at least one such light module.
  • Micro-projection light module is due to the characteristic size of the individual optics - micro-optics or micro-lenses. This size, for example the diameter of the light entry surface or the light exit surface of these optics, is preferably in the micrometer range, in particular in the submillimeter range.
  • micro entry optics and micro exit optics can also have a characteristic size, for example the diameter of their light entry surfaces in the micrometer range, preferably in the submillimeter range.
  • the micro-apertures have a corresponding size.
  • the micro-optics - micro entry optics and / or micro exit optics can be designed differently.
  • Applicant's international application WO 2015/058227 A1 shows a micro-projection light module for a motor vehicle headlight, comprising at least one light source and at least one projection device, which images the light emerging from the at least one light source in a region in front of the motor vehicle in the form of at least one light distribution
  • the projection device comprising: an entrance optics, which consists of an array of micro entrance optics; exit optics consisting of an array of micro-exit optics, each micro-entry optic being assigned exactly one micro-exit optic, the micro-entry optics being designed in such a way and/or the micro-entry optics and the micro-exit optics being arranged in relation to one another in such a way, that the light emerging from a micro entry optics only enters the associated micro exit optics, and the light preformed by the micro entry optics is imaged by the micro exit optics in an area in front of the motor vehicle as at least one light distribution.
  • a micro-projection light module for a vehicle headlight which comprises at least one light source and at least one projection device, which images the light exiting from the at least one light source in a region in front of the motor vehicle in the form of at least one light distribution, with the projection device having entry optics which has one, two or more micro-entry optics, which are preferably arranged in an array, and an exit optics, which has one, two or more micro-exit optics, which are preferably arranged in an array, each micro-entry optics exactly one Micro-exit optics is assigned, the micro-entry optics being designed in such a way and/or the micro-entry optics and the micro-exit optics being arranged relative to one another in such a way that essentially all of the light exiting from a micro-entry optics exactly only enters the associated micro exit optics enters, and wherein the light preformed by the micro entry optics is imaged by the micro exit optic
  • the international application shows WO 2017/066818 A1 of the applicant a micro-projection light module for a motor vehicle headlight, comprising at least one light source and at least one projection device, which projects the light emerging from the at least one light source into an area in front of the motor vehicle in Form of at least one light distribution
  • the projection device comprises an entrance optics, which has one, two or more micro-entrance optics, which are preferably arranged in an array, an exit optics, which has one, two or more micro-exit optics, which are preferably in are arranged in an array, with each micro-entry optics being assigned exactly one micro-exit optics, the micro-entry optics being designed in such a way and/or the micro-entry optics and the micro-exit optics being arranged in relation to one another in such a way that essentially the whole of a micro - Light exiting the entry optics only enters the associated micro exit optics, and the light preformed by the micro entry optics is imaged by the micro exit optics in
  • the entrance optics, exit optics and diaphragm device of a projection device of the type mentioned above can be applied, for example pressed or glued, to a common substrate made of glass or plastic.
  • a common substrate made of glass or plastic.
  • the entry optics, the exit optics and the diaphragm device in the aforementioned micro-projection light modules can therefore each form a monolithic structure, with these structures being aligned with one another in order to be able to project a predetermined light distribution.
  • the structures are immovably connected to one another in the aligned state, for example glued, in order to avoid detuning during the journey and subsequent readjustment.
  • the light distributions generated with micro-projection light modules are formed as an overlay of a large number of micro light distributions - light distributions that are formed by individual micro optical systems. If micro-optical systems are combined to form specific micro-optical-system groups, then each micro-optical-system group is set up to form a partial light distribution.
  • the partial light distributions are also overlays of several micro light distributions. The light distribution or the overall light distribution is a superimposition of partial light distributions.
  • a disadvantage of the above projection devices or the light modules is, for example, that setting the sharpness of a light-dark transition, for example the sharpness factor of the light-dark boundary of the low beam distribution, is very difficult and cannot be changed dynamically.
  • the in WO 2015031924 A1 disclosed optical structure are applied to soften the gradient by means of milling on a surface of a lens. Milling a lens can take up to a day.
  • the sharpness of a light-dark transition or the sharpness factor of a light-dark boundary is often also referred to as the gradient of the light-dark transition or the light-dark boundary.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of conventional projection devices made from micro-optical systems.
  • an optically effective edge of a diaphragm is understood to mean an edge that is depicted in the light image as a visible light-dark transition relevant to lighting technology, for example a visible light-dark boundary.
  • Light-dark transitions that are relevant in terms of lighting technology are usually understood to mean those light-dark transitions that are generated in a targeted manner, such as the boundaries of a light segment or the light-dark boundary of a low beam distribution or the like.
  • An example of a light-dark transition that is less relevant from a lighting point of view is a soft lateral run-out of a high beam distribution.
  • Micro-apertures which are produced by means of a lithography process, for example, are produced more quickly and can be positioned more precisely than is the case with the above-mentioned milling of an optical structure on a lens surface.
  • the optically effective edge of the micro-aperture is shifted vertically and/or horizontally by a distance relative to the micro-exit optics and this distance applies to all Micro-optical systems within the same micro-optical system group is the same, the distance being up to about 0.1 mm, for example about 0.01 mm to about 0.1 mm, preferably about 0.03 mm to about 0.06 mm.
  • all optically effective edges are positioned at the same height relative to the respective micro-exit optics.
  • the optically effective edges of at least some of the micro-optical systems of each micro-optical-system group are designed to generate a continuous horizontal or vertical partial light-dark boundary or a partial light-dark boundary with an asymmetry increase each such optically effective edge preferably being configured to produce a continuous horizontal or vertical micro cut-off or a micro cut-off with an asymmetry slope.
  • the vertical light-dark boundaries or light-dark transitions can occur, for example, when generating a segmented partial high beam distribution. It may be desirable to soften vertical light-dark transitions.
  • a light distribution generated using the projection device according to the invention is formed as a superimposition of a multiplicity of partial or micro light distributions.
  • the following nomenclature applies here: a micro-light distribution is formed with the aid of a single micro-optical system; A partial light distribution is formed using a micro-optical system group, which is formed as a superimposition of individual micro-light distributions formed using the micro-optical systems of this micro-optical system group, and a light distribution or an overall light distribution, for example a low beam distribution, is formed using formed of the whole projection device and is a superimposition of individual partial light distributions.
  • the light distributions formed by groups of micro-optical systems can be congruent to one another, in particular embodied in the same way (having the same shape) but shifted in relation to one another.
  • the terms micro-light-dark boundary, partial light-dark boundary and light-dark boundary should be interpreted analogously.
  • a micro cut-off is created using a single micro-aperture.
  • a partial cut-off is generated as a superposition of micro-cut-offs, which are generated using the micro-apertures of one and the same micro-optical system group.
  • a light-dark boundary of the light distribution or the overall light distribution is generated as a superimposition of partial light-dark boundaries, which is generated with the aid of the micro-optical system groups forming the projection device.
  • each micro-optical system group is combined to form a micro-aperture group and the micro-aperture groups are of identical design, with each micro-aperture preferably being a platelet of one opaque material is formed with a breakthrough.
  • the micro-entry optics are positioned at the same height relative to the respective micro-exit optics and preferably have a common optical axis.
  • the different groups of micro-optical systems have different intermediate images, which result from the displacement of the respective micro-apertures.
  • a light distribution or an overall light distribution is formed in this case as a superimposition of a multiplicity of micro light distributions with differently positioned (for example vertically and/or horizontally shifted) micro light/dark boundaries.
  • the horizontal and vertical displacement can be different. What can be achieved here is that, for example, the sharpness of the horizontal and vertical light-dark transitions is set differently, for example softened. For example, it can sometimes be useful to soften vertical boundaries of a segment of a partial high beam distribution differently from the horizontal boundaries of the segment.
  • the optically effective edges are positioned at the same height relative to the respective micro-entry optics, with the micro-entry optics preferably running differently relative to the respective micro-exit optics (e.g. vertically and / or horizontally shifted to each other) have optical axes.
  • the different micro-optical system groups can have identical intermediate images.
  • the micro-exit optics of the different micro-optical system groups are positioned differently in this embodiment (for example shifted vertically and/or horizontally to one another). Therefore, the intermediate images (identical or different) of the different micro-optical system groups are projected at different angles with respect to the optical axis of the projection device.
  • a light distribution or an overall light distribution is formed in this case as a superimposition of a large number of micro light distributions with micro light/dark boundaries positioned at the same height, the micro light distributions being shifted in height relative to one another (differently, for example vertically and/or horizontally shifted relative to one another , positioned).
  • micro-optical systems can have an imaging scale of approximately 3° per 0.1 mm. Other values of the magnification are possible.
  • the different micro-optical system groups are formed separately from one another and are preferably spaced apart from one another. This can result in further production advantages.
  • crosstalk can be reduced when a distance between the different micro-optical system groups is adjusted.
  • each micro-optical system group can also be in one piece.
  • the micro-entry optics, micro-exit optics and micro-apertures of each micro-optical system group can each form a monolithic structure. For example, they can be applied to one or more glass or plastic substrate(s) and/or glued to one another.
  • a light module for a motor vehicle headlight with a projection device also comprising a light source, preferably a semiconductor-based light source, in particular an LED light source, and the projection device is located downstream of the light source in the direction of light emission, and this is preferably essentially the case all of the light generated by the light source is projected into an area in front of the light module in the form of a light distribution, for example a front light distribution or a low beam light distribution with or without a signlight light distribution) with a light-dark boundary, the light distribution being made up of a large number of each other overlapping partial light distributions is formed, each with a partial light-dark boundary, each partial light distribution is formed by exactly one micro-optical system group and the partial light-dark boundaries together form the light-dark boundary n.
  • a light source preferably a semiconductor-based light source, in particular an LED light source
  • the projection device is located downstream of the light source in the direction of light emission, and this is preferably essentially the case all of the light generated by
  • the partial light/dark boundaries of different partial light distributions are therefore arranged differently (for example, shifted vertically and/or horizontally with respect to one another).
  • the partial light-dark boundaries are offset by an angle relative to one another along a vertical (with respect to an HH line) and/or a horizontal (with respect to a VV line), the angle having a value from about 0° to about 6°, for example from about 1° to about 3°, preferably from about 2°.
  • HH line should be clear to those skilled in the art.
  • a horizontal line (an abscissa axis) of a coordinate system on a measuring screen for measuring the light distributions generated by motor vehicle headlights or motor vehicle headlight light modules in a lighting technology laboratory is typically referred to as an HH line.
  • HH line is also often referred to as the horizon or the horizontal.
  • An ordinate axis orthogonal to the HH line is referred to as a VV line or vertical.
  • the partial light-dark boundaries (and therefore the light-dark boundary) run essentially straight or have an increase in asymmetry.
  • the light source is preferably set up to generate collimated light.
  • the light source can comprise a light-collimating optical element and a preferably semiconductor-based lighting element upstream of the light-collimating optical element, for example an LED light source (made up of several, preferably individually controllable LEDs), the light-collimating optical element being, for example, a collimator or a light-collimating attachment lens (e.g. made of silicone ) or a TIR lens.
  • TIR stands for "total internal reflection".
  • the light source has at least two light-emitting areas, each individual light-emitting area being controllable independently of the other light-emitting areas of the light source, for example being able to be switched on and off, and each light-emitting area preferably having at least one Exactly one micro-optical system group is assigned in such a way that light generated by the respective light-emitting area directly (ie without being refracted, mirrored, deflected or in any other way on other optically active surfaces, elements or the like) has its intensity and/or or to change the propagation direction) and only hits the micro-optical system group assigned to this light-emitting area.
  • FIGS. 1-10 are schematic representations showing only those components that may be helpful in explaining the invention.
  • the person skilled in the art immediately recognizes that a projection device and a light module for a motor vehicle headlight can have a large number of other components that are not shown here, such as setting and adjusting devices, electrical supply means and much more.
  • reference axes relate to a professional installation position of the subject matter of the invention in a motor vehicle and represent a motor vehicle-related coordinate system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lighting device 1 for a motor vehicle headlight, which can correspond to the light module according to the invention.
  • the illumination device 1 comprises a projection device 2 , which is formed from a multiplicity of micro-optical systems 3 arranged in a matrix-like manner, each micro-optical system 3 having a micro-entry optics 30 , a micro-exit optics 31 assigned to the micro-entry optics 30, and a micro-exit optics 31 arranged between the micro- Entry optics 30 and the micro exit optics 31 arranged micro-aperture 32 has.
  • each micro-optical system 3 consists of exactly one micro-entry optics 30, exactly one micro-exit optics 31 and exactly one micro-aperture 32 (see an exploded view of such a micro-optical system in Figure 1a ).
  • all micro entry optics 30 form, for example, a one-piece entry optics 4 .
  • all micro exit optics 31 form a one-piece exit optics 5 , for example, and the micro diaphragms 32 form a one-piece diaphragm device 6 , for example.
  • the entry optics 4, the exit optics 5 and the diaphragm device form, for example, a one-piece projection device 2.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a non-one-piece projection device 2 is, for example, figure 3 refer to.
  • the diaphragm device 6 is arranged in a plane that is essentially orthogonal to the main emission direction Z of the projection device 2—in the intermediate image plane 322 .
  • all micro-apertures 32 are also in the intermediate image plane 322.
  • the entrance optics 4, the exit optics 5 and the aperture device 6 are arranged in planes that are essentially parallel to one another.
  • each micro-optical system has an optically effective edge 320 , 320a , 320b , 320c , 320d , 320e .
  • the optically effective edge is preferably also in the micro-intermediate image plane 322.
  • the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e can be set up or formed as a light-dark boundary of a micro-light distribution—a so-called micro-light -dark boundary 3200, 3201 - to generate (see Figure 5b ).
  • a micro-light distribution is determined by the respective micro-optical system 3 passing light formed.
  • each micro-optical system 3 therefore preferably forms exactly one micro-light distribution and vice versa: each micro-light distribution is preferably formed by exactly one micro-optical system 3 .
  • the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e can have different profiles. If the micro-aperture 32, as in Figure 1b shown, is formed as an opening in an otherwise opaque platelet, the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e, which in this case is formed as an opening limit, has a closed shape.
  • At least part of the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e is set up/designed for shaping/forming the micro-light/dark boundary 3200, 3201. At the in the Figures 1a , 4 , 5a and 5b In the micro-apertures shown, this is the lower part of the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e.
  • all of the micro-optical systems 3 are divided into at least two micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 .
  • the individual micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 differ in that they include micro-optical systems 3 whose optically effective edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e relative to the respective micro-exit optics 31 within the intermediate image plane 322 are positioned differently, for example shifted vertically and/or horizontally. It is expedient here if the position of the optically effective edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e is the same relative to the respective micro exit optics 32 within the same micro optics system group G1, G2, G3.
  • the micro-apertures 32 within a micro-optical system group can be positioned in their entirety in such a way that they have no vertical and/or horizontal displacement relative to the respective micro-exit optics 31—this leads, for example, to centered micro -optical systems 3 (see below).
  • the optically effective edges 320b, 320d of these micro-apertures 32 are set up, for example, to create micro-light-dark boundaries 3200, 3201 for a low beam distribution, such as in FIG figure 6 shown to form, a partial light-dark boundary (i.e.
  • the micro-apertures 32 within another micro-optical system group can be positioned in their entirety in such a way that they are a distance (non-zero) relative to the respective micro-exit optics 31 are shifted vertically (shown) and/or horizontally (not shown), which is why there is a difference between the relative positions of the optically effective edges and the respective micro-exit optics of different micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3.
  • the micro-optical systems 3 of the micro-optical system group G2 figure 1 can be used to generate micro-light-dark boundaries for a low beam distribution, which are shifted vertically with respect to the HH line HH, for example.
  • the mutually shifted micro-light-dark boundaries which are provided by means of different micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3, overlap in the light image, resulting in a soft light-dark boundary that is pleasantly perceptible to the human eye a low beam distribution can result.
  • Figure 1a shows a single micro-optical system 3 in a perspective view.
  • Figure 1b shows a section AA of the Figure 1a .
  • the micro-optical system 3 shown in these figures is centered: the micro-entry optics 30 and the micro-exit optics 31 have a common optical axis MOA and the micro-aperture 32 is positioned in the micro-intermediate image plane 322 so that its optically effective edge 320, which here, it should be noted, is shaped to form a micro cut-off with an asymmetry slope, the optical axis MOA of the micro-optical system 3 adjoins.
  • a collimated beam of light falling on the in Figure 1a shown centered micro-optical system 3 is imaged in the form of a micro-light distribution with a micro-light-dark boundary lying at least partially on the HH line.
  • Such centered micro-optical systems can, for example, form part of a micro-optical system group, such as the micro-optical system group G1 in figure 1 be summarized.
  • micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 arranged next to one another, one of the micro-optical system groups - namely the micro-optical system group G2 - consisting of decentered micro-optical systems (the micro-exit optics 31 are separated by a distance h2 shifted downwards) is formed (see also Figure 2a ).
  • the different micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 can also be arranged above or below one another, as is shown in Figure 2b can be seen.
  • the projection device 2 can also include several micro-optical system groups. For each individual micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3, it can be useful if for each micro-optical system 3 within this one micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3, that the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b , 320c, 320d, 320e of the micro-aperture 32 is vertically shifted relative to the micro-exit optics 31 by the distance h1 , h2 and this distance h1, h2 for all micro-optical systems 3 within the same micro-optical-system group G1, G2, G3 is the same, the distance h1, h2 according to the invention being up to about 0.1 mm, for example about 0.01 mm to about 0.1 mm, preferably about 0.03 mm to about 0.06 mm.
  • a distance equal to zero corresponds to a zero position of the optically effective edge 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e and results when the micro-optical systems 3 are centered (see above) with one arranged in the zero position
  • Optically effective edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e can produce a micro-light-dark boundary lying at 0° on the VV line VV (ordinate axis orthogonal to the HH line HH).
  • the optically effective edges of at least part of the micro-optical systems 3 of each micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 can be used to generate a continuous horizontal light-dark boundary 3200 - e.g. the edges 320a, 320c or 320e in figure 4 or in Figure 5a - or a light-dark boundary with an asymmetry slope 3201 - e.g. the edges 320b and 320d in figure 4 or in Figure 5a - be educated.
  • micro-apertures 32 of each micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 can be combined to form (precisely) one micro-aperture group MG1 , MG2 , with the micro-aperture groups MG1, MG2 being configured identically are. It is conceivable that all micro-apertures 32 of the projection device 2 are of identical design.
  • each micro-aperture 32 can be designed as a small plate made of an opaque material with an opening 321 , 321a , 321b , 321c , 321d , 321e .
  • the inner edges of the openings can form optically effective edges.
  • the lower part of the optically effective edge can be set up/embodied for shaping/forming a micro light/dark boundary for a low beam distribution.
  • the micro entry optics 30 of different micro optical system groups G1, G2, G3 can be positioned at the same height relative to the respective micro exit optics 31 and preferably have a common optical axis OA.
  • the micro-apertures, which belong to different micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 and can be combined into different micro-aperture groups MG1, MG2, are positioned differently (for example shifted vertically and/or horizontally to one another).
  • figure 4 shows that a micro-aperture group—here the first micro-aperture group MG1—is shifted (downward) by a distance h3 with respect to the (common) optical axis OA.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example where the micro-aperture groups MG1, MG2 are shifted in the same direction. It is understood that the micro-aperture groups can be shifted in different vertical directions (up or down). A relative distance h34 results between the distances h3, h4. The micro-aperture groups can also be shifted in (different) horizontal directions (not shown).
  • optically active edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e are positioned at the same height in different micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 relative to the respective micro-entry optics, preferably with the micro-entry optics 30 relatively have optical axes that run differently (for example vertically and/or horizontally shifted from one another) to the respective micro exit optics 31--that is, they are decentered.
  • the micro-optical systems 3 can, for example, have an imaging scale of approximately 3° per 0.1 mm. Other image scales are conceivable and depend on the respective design of the micro-optical systems 3 .
  • the different micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3 can be formed separately from one another and can preferably be spaced apart from one another. For example, this is in figure 3 to recognize.
  • the lighting device 1 also has a light source 7, preferably a semiconductor-based light source, in particular an LED light source, with the projection device 2 being located downstream of the light source 7 in the light emission direction Z and the preferably substantially entire light generated by the light source 7 in a region in front of the Lighting device 1 is projected in the form of a light distribution, for example a front-end light distribution or a low beam light distribution 8 with or without a signlight light distribution 81 with a light-dark boundary 80 (see FIG figure 6 ).
  • a light distribution for example a front-end light distribution or a low beam light distribution 8 with or without a signlight light distribution 81 with a light-dark boundary 80 (see FIG figure 6 ).
  • the Light distribution is usually formed from a large number of overlapping partial light distributions, each with a partial light-dark boundary, each partial light distribution being formed by exactly one micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 and the partial light-dark -Boundaries together form the light-dark boundary.
  • the partial light-dark boundaries are in turn formed from a large number of micro light-dark boundaries.
  • the partial light/dark boundaries of different partial light distributions are arranged differently (for example shifted vertically and/or horizontally with respect to one another).
  • the partial light-dark boundaries along the vertical (VV line VV) or along the horizontal/the horizon (HH line HH) can be shifted by an angle to one another, with the angle having a value of about 0° to about 3°, for example from about 1° to about 3°, preferably from about 2°.
  • the partial light-dark boundaries (and ergo the light-dark boundary of the entire light distribution) can, for example, run essentially straight or have an increase in asymmetry 80 .
  • the light source 7 can be set up to generate collimated light.
  • the light source 7 can comprise a light-collimating optical element 9 and a preferably semiconductor-based light-emitting element 10 upstream of the light-collimating optical element 9 , for example an LED light source, which consists for example of a plurality of preferably individually controllable LEDs.
  • the light-collimating optical element 9 is, for example, a collimator or a light-collimating attachment lens (eg made of silicone) or a TIR lens.
  • the light source 7 can have two or more light-emitting areas 70 , 71, 72 , each individual light-emitting area being controllable, for example being switched on and off, independently of the other light-emitting areas of the light source 7.
  • each light-emitting region 70, 71, 72 can be assigned at least one, preferably precisely one, micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 in such a way that the light generated by the respective light-emitting area 70, 71, 72 is directly, ie without being refracted, mirrored, deflected or otherwise changing its intensity and/or direction of propagation on other optically active surfaces, elements or the like, and only strikes the micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 assigned to this light-emitting area 70, 71, 72.
  • Figure 2a shows two integrally formed micro-optical system groups G1 and G2.
  • the corresponding micro-entry optics, micro-apertures and micro-exit optics can be applied to one and the same glass substrate.
  • the light source 7 can have three light-emitting regions 70, 71, 72, which are assigned three micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3, which are formed separately from one another and are preferably spaced apart from one another.
  • Each individual light-emitting region 70, 71, 72 is assigned exactly one micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3.
  • Each individual light-emitting area can be controlled, for example switched on and off, independently of the other light-emitting areas of the light source 7 .
  • the micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 assigned to each light-emitting area 70, 71, 72 is preferably arranged in such a way that light generated by the respective light-emitting area 70, 71, 72 falls directly on it, ie without on further optically active surfaces. Elements or the like are broken, mirrored, deflected or in any other way change its intensity and/or direction of propagation.
  • the light-emitting regions 70, 71, 72 can, for example, be in the form of semiconductor-based light sources and in particular can include one or more LED light sources.
  • a projection device it is possible, for example, to set the sharpness factor (also referred to as "gradient") of a light-dark boundary of a low beam distribution or, in general, sharpness of a light-dark transition of a light distribution, preferably reducing it.
  • a characteristic size of the micro entry optics and the micro exit optics for example the diameter of their light entry surfaces, is in the micrometer range, preferably in the submillimeter range.
  • optics/lenses of this size for example, a softening of the gradient (reduction of the sharpness factor) is possible using conventional methods, such as applying an optical structure to the light exit surfaces of the optics, is extremely difficult.
  • the sharpness factor can be reduced by a projection device according to the invention as described above.
  • the sharpness factor is currently between 0.13 (minimum sharpness) and 0.40 (maximum sharpness).
  • the light modules according to the invention allow not only a static softening of the gradient (see above), but also a dynamic adjustment, preferably a reduction, of the sharpness factor.
  • Dynamic adjustment is understood to mean adjustment during operation of the light module.
  • Examples of light modules that enable dynamic adjustment are the light modules with a light source having a plurality of light-emitting areas, the light-emitting areas being individually controllable, as described above.
  • the lighting devices figures 2a and 3 Examples of the light modules that enable the sharpness factor to be set dynamically.
  • one or more micro-optical system group(s) can be assigned to a light-emitting area, which can be embodied as a semiconductor-based light source, for example.
  • Such a system light-emitting area and at least one micro-optical system group assigned to the light-emitting area can be set to a predetermined sharpness factor, ie set up to generate a partial light distribution with a light-dark boundary with a predetermined sharpness factor.
  • a light module is conceivable which has three such systems with a sharpness factor of around 0.35 and one system with a sharpness factor of around 0.19. It has been proven that in a state in which all four systems of the light module are switched on, there is a light distribution with a light-dark boundary with a sharpness factor of around 0.28. Furthermore, it has been found that a light module with three systems with a sharpness factor of approx.
  • a variable preferably implement a sharpness factor dependent on the driving situation. This can be an advantage in a wide variety of driving situations. In dark surroundings (e.g.
  • a softer (smaller) sharpness factor is advantageous in order to make the light-dark transition, preferably the light-dark boundary of a low beam distribution, more pleasant.
  • a softer sharpness factor harbors a risk that oncoming traffic and/or pedestrians will be dazzled more. In the city with ambient lighting, it can therefore be an advantage to switch to a harder (higher) sharpness factor.
  • the relative position according to the invention of the optically active edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e to the respective micro exit optics 31 within the intermediate image plane can be calculated as a function of a predetermined gradient.
  • the gradient (of the sharpness factor) can be softened in light modules, for example.
  • the gradient can be softened, for example, by applying an optical structure to a lens surface (see, e.g WO 2015031924 A1 the applicant).
  • an optical structure to a lens surface (see, e.g WO 2015031924 A1 the applicant). This is based on an original (unmodified) light distribution that has a light-dark boundary or a light-dark transition with a gradient that needs to be softened.
  • the goal - the softened gradient - is specified.
  • a spread function is calculated/determined based on this specification.
  • modified light distribution is generated, which has the softened gradient according to the specification.
  • the scatter function plays the role of a weight function.
  • the optical structure - in the case of WO 2015031924 A1 - calculates the shape of individual elevations on the lens surface. According to this calculation, the optical structure (the individual elevations) is applied to the lens surface.
  • the sharpness factor in the present invention can be influenced by different positions of the optically active edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e relative to the respective micro exit optics 31.
  • the time-consuming application of the optical structure to lens surfaces is no longer necessary.
  • a gradient is specified as the target, which is usually lower than the gradient of the unmodified light distribution. Based on this A spread function is calculated/determined as a default.
  • This scattering function can now be converted to the relative position of the optically effective edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e to the respective micro-exit optics 31 within the intermediate image plane for all micro-optical system groups G1, G2, G3, so that the convolution of an original (unmodified) light distribution with this scattering function produces the light distribution that has the specified gradient.
  • the basic idea is that shifting an optically active edge relative to the respective micro-exit optics from its zero position (zero position) causes a corresponding shift in the light distribution or the light image that is dependent on an imaging scale, for example.
  • the zero position is understood to be a position in which the optically effective edge is not shifted in relation to the corresponding micro exit optics and is imaged as a non-shifted light-dark boundary, for example in the case of a micro low beam distribution. Due to the fact that there is normally a discrete (finite) number of optically effective edges, the folding can be understood as a sum (superposition) of micro light distributions (micro high beam distributions or micro low beam distributions) that are correspondingly shifted relative to one another.
  • a displacement of the micro-aperture relative to the respective micro-exit optics represents a displacement of the light image that depends on the imaging scale. Due to this relationship, the scattering function, which represents a predetermined change in the gradient, can be calculated from angular coordinates in the spherical coordinate system ([°]) converted into Cartesian coordinates [mm].
  • the relative position of the optically effective edges 320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e to the respective micro-exit optics 31 within the intermediate image plane in each micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 and the number of micro-optical systems in each micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3 can be determined.
  • a light distribution shift of 2° can correspond to a micro-aperture shift of 0.06 mm.
  • the intensity values can correspond to the number of micro-optical systems in the respective micro-optical system group G1, G2, G3. That is, the candela weighting factors are converted to a number of different positions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif de projection (2) pour un module d'éclairage (1) d'un projecteur de véhicule automobile, qui est formé d'une pluralité de micro-systèmes optiques (3) disposés à la manière d'une matrice, chaque micro-système optique (3) présentant une micro-optique d'entrée (30), une micro-optique de sortie (31) associée à la micro-optique d'entrée (30) et un micro-diaphragme (32), toutes les micro-optiques d'entrée (30) formant une optique d'entrée (4), toutes les micro-optiques de sortie (31) forment une optique de sortie (5) et tous les micro-diaphragmes (32) forment un dispositif de diaphragme (6), le dispositif de diaphragme (6) étant disposé dans un plan orthogonal à la direction de rayonnement principale (Z) du dispositif de projection (2) - dans un plan d'image intermédiaire - et l'optique d'entrée (4), l'optique de sortie (5) et le dispositif de diaphragme (6) étant disposés dans des plans essentiellement parallèles les uns aux autres,
    le micro-diaphragme (32) de chaque système micro-optique (3) présentant un bord optiquement actif (320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e), l'ensemble des systèmes micro-optiques (3) étant divisé en au moins deux groupes de systèmes micro-optiques (G1, G2, G3), les systèmes micro-optiques (3) de différents groupes de systèmes micro-optiques (G1, G2, G3), les bords optiquement actifs (320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e) sont positionnés différemment par rapport aux micro-optiques de sortie (31) respectives à l'intérieur du plan d'image intermédiaire, les micro-diaphragmes (32) de chaque groupe de micro-systèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3) étant regroupés en un groupe de micro-diaphragmes (MG1, MG2) et les groupes de micro-orifices (MG1, MG2) sont réalisés de manière identique, caractérisé en ce que pour chaque micro-système optique (3) à l'intérieur du même groupe de micro-systèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3), le bord optiquement actif (320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e) du micro-orifice (32) est décalé par rapport à la micro-optique de sortie (31) d'une distance (h1, h2, h3, h4) est décalée verticalement et/ou horizontalement et cette distance (h1, h2, h3, h4) est la même pour tous les micro-systèmes optiques (3) à l'intérieur du même groupe de micro-systèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3), la distance (h1, h2, h3, h4) étant d'environ 0,1 mm, par exemple d'environ 0,01 mm à environ 0,1 mm, de préférence d'environ 0,03 mm à environ 0,06 mm.
  2. Dispositif de projection selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bords optiquement actifs (320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e) d'au moins une partie des microsystèmes optiques (3) de chaque groupe de microsystèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3) sont conçus pour générer une coupure partielle horizontale ou verticale continue ou une coupure partielle avec une montée d'asymétrie, chacune de ces arêtes optiquement actives (320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e) étant de préférence conçue pour générer une micro-frontière claire-obscure (3200) horizontale ou verticale continue ou une micro-frontière claire-obscure avec une montée asymétrique (3201).
  3. Dispositif de projection selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque micro-diaphragme (32) est réalisé sous la forme d'une plaquette en un matériau opaque avec une ouverture (321, 321a, 321b, 321c, 321d, 321e).
  4. Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que dans différents groupes de microsystèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3), les microoptiques d'entrée (30) sont positionnées à la même hauteur par rapport aux microoptiques de sortie (31) respectives et présentent de préférence un axe optique commun.
  5. Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, dans différents groupes de micro-systèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3), les bords optiquement actifs (320, 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d, 320e) sont positionnés à la même hauteur par rapport aux micro-optiques d'entrée respectives (30), les micro-optiques d'entrée (30) présentant de préférence des axes optiques s'étendant différemment par rapport aux micro-optiques de sortie respectives (31), par exemple décalés verticalement et/ou horizontalement les uns par rapport aux autres.
  6. Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les micro-systèmes optiques (3) présentent une échelle de représentation d'environ 3° par 0,1 mm.
  7. Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les différents groupes de microsystèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3) sont formés séparément les uns des autres et sont de préférence espacés les uns des autres.
  8. Module d'éclairage (1) pour un projecteur de véhicule automobile comprenant un dispositif de projection (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, ainsi qu'une source de lumière (7), le dispositif de projection (2) étant placé en aval de la source de lumière (7) dans la direction de rayonnement de la lumière et projetant la lumière générée par la source de lumière (7) dans une zone située devant le module d'éclairage sous la forme d'une répartition de lumière (8) avec une limite clair-obscur (80), la répartition de la lumière étant formée d'une pluralité de répartitions partielles de la lumière se chevauchant les unes les autres et présentant chacune une limite claire-obscure partielle, chaque répartition partielle de la lumière étant formée par exactement un groupe de micro-systèmes optiques et les limites claires-obscures partielles formant ensemble la limite claire-obscure (80).
  9. Module d'éclairage pour un projecteur de véhicule automobile selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les limites clair-obscur partielles sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre d'un angle le long d'une verticale et/ou d'une horizontale, l'angle ayant une valeur d'environ 0° à environ 3°, par exemple d'environ 1° à environ 3°, de préférence d'environ 2°.
  10. Module d'éclairage selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les limites de clair-obscur partielles sont sensiblement droites, par exemple verticales ou horizontales, ou présentent une montée d'asymétrie.
  11. Module d'éclairage selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (7) est agencée pour produire une lumière collimatée.
  12. Module à éclairage selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (7) comprend un élément optique de collimation de la lumière (9) et un élément lumineux (10), de préférence à base de semi-conducteurs, par exemple une source lumineuse LED, placé devant l'élément optique de collimation de la lumière (9), l'élément optique de collimation de la lumière (9) étant par exemple un collimateur ou une optique rapportée de collimation de la lumière ou une lentille TIR.
  13. Module d'éclairage selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (7) comporte au moins deux zones d'émission de lumière (70, 71, 72), chaque zone d'émission de lumière individuelle pouvant être commandée, par exemple activée et désactivée, indépendamment des autres zones d'émission de lumière de la source lumineuse (7), et à chaque zone émettrice de lumière (70, 71, 72) est associé au moins un, de préférence exactement un groupe de microsystèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3) de telle sorte que la lumière produite par la zone émettrice de lumière respective (70, 71, 72) arrive directement et uniquement sur le groupe de microsystèmes optiques (G1, G2, G3) associé à cette zone émettrice de lumière (70, 71, 72).
  14. Projecteur de véhicule automobile comportant au moins un module lumineux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 13.
EP19752994.4A 2018-08-07 2019-08-05 Dispositif de projection, module lumineux et phares de véhicule automobile de micro-optiques Active EP3833904B1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2019/070984 WO2020030573A1 (fr) 2018-08-07 2019-08-05 Dispositif de projection, module d'éclairage et projecteur de véhicule à moteur composé de micro-optiques

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CN112543850A (zh) 2021-03-23
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US11280463B2 (en) 2022-03-22
CN112543850B (zh) 2022-12-16
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KR20210022081A (ko) 2021-03-02
JP7072120B2 (ja) 2022-05-19

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