EP4532787A1 - Verfahren zum bearbeiten eines metallischen werkstücks - Google Patents
Verfahren zum bearbeiten eines metallischen werkstücksInfo
- Publication number
- EP4532787A1 EP4532787A1 EP23723976.9A EP23723976A EP4532787A1 EP 4532787 A1 EP4532787 A1 EP 4532787A1 EP 23723976 A EP23723976 A EP 23723976A EP 4532787 A1 EP4532787 A1 EP 4532787A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- auxiliary material
- auxiliary
- oxidation
- auxiliary substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
- C23C4/11—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for machining a metal workpiece.
- workpieces such as billets from continuous casting or hollow blocks are often produced in stockpiles for further processing in an extrusion press or a radial forge and are only later reintroduced into a hot forming process. These workpieces then have to be heated to forming temperature in an oven. This can take several hours, and a very thick oxide layer often forms on the surface of the workpieces. This oxide layer, also called scale, means a loss of material. Depending on the material, this can be 1 to 3 percent by weight of the workpiece.
- auxiliary substances are, for example, in powder form and only develop their desired oxidation-inhibiting effect when they are at least partially melted. Therefore, a known method for applying such powdery auxiliary materials to the surface of a workpiece consists in heating the workpiece, at least on its surface, to a temperature that corresponds to the melting point of the auxiliary material. Melting temperatures of the known auxiliary materials are above 400°C up to 1,000°C. The excipient then becomes liquid and wets the surface.
- the auxiliary material then forms a protective film on the surface, which protects the surface of the workpiece from oxidation, ie scale formation.
- Typical applications for this process are the vitrification of billets for extrusion, or the deoxidation of hollow blocks for seamless pipes, etc.
- the necessary heating of the workpiece to the above-mentioned high temperatures is costly and time-consuming.
- powdered auxiliary materials are at least partially melted in a burner flame and then shot at very high speed onto the surface of the workpiece to be coated. The speeds vary from 70 m/sec depending on the auxiliary material to be applied and the process. up to 800 m/sec. Due to this high speed, the particles of the auxiliary material deform when they hit the surface of the workpiece and become lodged in its surface. This creates a very strong connection between the layer of the auxiliary material and the surface of the workpiece.
- the application rate and thus the resulting layer thickness of the auxiliary material on the surface of the workpiece is very low, typically only a few pm per spray pass, and the surface must be specially treated beforehand. Flame spraying is a classic process for coating workpieces with metals or oxides.
- this known powder flame spraying is not suitable for applying an oxidation-inhibiting auxiliary substance, as provided in the method according to the invention.
- the layer of the auxiliary material applied according to the invention should only be a “one-off application” that should partially or completely wear off the surface of the workpiece during a subsequent forming or preparation process.
- powder flame spraying is pro The layer thickness that can be achieved by spraying is too low for certain planned subsequent processing steps of the workpiece.
- the invention is based on the object of applying a scale-inhibiting coating to the workpiece in a simple and easily removable manner in a known method for machining a workpiece.
- This method is characterized in that the workpiece has a temperature that is lower than the melting point of the powdered auxiliary substance - preferably below 50 ° C - before it is sprayed with the auxiliary substance; that the powdered excipient has an oxidation-inhibiting effect; and that the melting of the auxiliary material during the spraying of the auxiliary material forms a homogeneous coating of the auxiliary material on the workpiece.
- the workpiece to be coated advantageously does not need to be heated beforehand; room temperature is typically sufficient.
- the workpiece does not have to be heated to the melting point of the auxiliary material to be applied, as is the case with other methods for applying an auxiliary material to a workpiece - in particular to a metallic workpiece.
- the claimed method can also be used in systems that categorically exclude the use of liquid auxiliary materials, such as: B. the coating of lances in a converter to reduce adhesions.
- the sprayed auxiliary substance has an oxidation-inhibiting effect on the metallic workpiece.
- This advantageously ensures that significantly less scale forms on the metallic workpiece when it is heated to the forming temperature in a furnace for a subsequent hot forming process than without the oxidation-inhibiting layer according to the invention on the workpiece.
- This also means correspondingly less material loss, because the scale that forms on the workpiece during heating ultimately means a loss of material because it typically has to be removed before further forming. Because only a small amount of scale is created due to the applied oxidation-inhibiting auxiliary material, the time required to clean the workpiece or to remove the remaining scale that still forms is also reduced.
- the method chosen for heating the gas mixture to the melting temperature of the auxiliary substance also influences its exit speed from the spray device.
- the exit velocity is significantly greater than without flame formation.
- the powder is transported to the outlet of the spray device using a driver gas. Therefore, the flow of the driver gas must be adjusted to the respective amount of auxiliary material.
- the amount of burner gas must be adjusted to the amount of propellant gas so that the gas mixture remains ignitable.
- the spray device is designed in the form of a Venturi nozzle.
- the use of the Venturi nozzle offers the advantage that the propellant gas only has to be introduced into the Venturi nozzle with a significantly lower initial volume flow in order to achieve a significantly larger volume flow of the gas mixture at the outlet of the Venturi nozzle. Due to its design, the Venturi nozzle advantageously functions as an amplifier for the volume flow.
- 10 g to 80 g of the at least partially melted auxiliary material can be applied per second to the surface of the workpiece and/or the liquid or pasty particles of the melted auxiliary material hit the material at a particle speed of only 4 m/sec. up to 20 m/sec. onto the surface of the workpiece.
- This claimed application quantity of the auxiliary material per second on the surface or the low particle speed compared to other application methods for auxiliary materials on metallic workpieces advantageously result in an increase in the application efficiency because, firstly, fewer particles bounce off the surface of the workpiece and, secondly, the particles have more time Heating remains in the spraying device.
- the effect of the applied oxidation-inhibiting auxiliary agent on the workpiece is better the cleaner the surface of the workpiece is before the auxiliary agent is applied. It is therefore particularly recommended that any oxidation present on the surface of the workpiece, in particular any scale present, is removed from there before the auxiliary material is applied according to the method according to the invention. This improves the effectiveness of scale prevention by the oxidation-inhibiting auxiliary in a reheating furnace.
- the method according to the invention can advantageously also be used where the workpiece previously had to be heated before an auxiliary material could be applied, as was the case, for example.
- B. is the case with extrusion, in which a pressing bolt is covered with a layer of glass.
- FIG 1 shows a spray device 10 in the form of a Venturi nozzle 12 with a heat source 16 '.
- the outlet of the Venturi nozzle 12 and the heat source 16 ' are connected to one another via a delivery line 14.
- a gas mixture is heated without the formation of flames.
- the heat source 16' is designed, for example, in the form of an electrically operated heating coil.
- the heat source 16' forms the outlet of the spray device 10 for the heated gas mixture.
- the powdery auxiliary material 2 When the powdery auxiliary material 2 is sucked into the spray device 10, it typically, but not necessarily, has the temperature of the ambient air 3 sucked in. Only in the spray device, preferably at its outlet, is the gas mixture then heated with the help of the heat source 16 'without flame formation at least heated to the melting temperature of the auxiliary substance 2 contained in the gas mixture, so that this auxiliary substance at least partially melts in the gas mixture. After melting, the auxiliary substance 2 is contained in the gas mixture in the form of liquid or pasty particles.
- the sprayed auxiliary substance has an oxidation-inhibiting effect in the method according to the invention, the formation of oxidation, in particular a scale layer, on the coated surface of the Workpiece is effectively reduced, if not prevented, when the workpiece is subsequently heated.
- the auxiliary substance 2 can also be suitable for removing existing oxidation, in particular from scale that is already present on the surface of the workpiece. In addition, it preferably also has a lubricating effect.
- the amount with which the auxiliary material is applied to the surface of the workpiece 20 is between 20 g/m 2 and 400 g/m 2 .
- This specific amount of auxiliary material also represents the layer thickness with which auxiliary material is applied to the surface of the workpiece.
- the amount of auxiliary substance applied ultimately depends on the effects and properties of auxiliary substance 2.
- the amount of auxiliary substance applied is 15 g/m 2 to 60 g/m 2 if the auxiliary substance only has the oxidation-inhibiting effect has effect. If the auxiliary substance 2, in addition to the oxidation-inhibiting effect, also has the property of removing existing oxidation on the workpiece 20, it is preferably sprayed onto the workpiece in an amount of 60 g/m 2 to 120 g/m 2 .
- the at least oxidation-inhibiting auxiliaries used according to the invention are, for example, phosphates, borates or silicates or a mixture thereof.
- soap and/or graphite can also be contained in the excipient.
- the melting temperature of the invention The auxiliary material is in a temperature range between 500°C and 1,200°C. Accordingly, the gas mixture must be heated to a temperature from this temperature range using the heat source in order to at least partially melt the auxiliary material 2.
- the method according to the invention can in principle be used alone, i.e. H. be carried out without any prior, timely processing of the workpiece and without any timely post-processing of the workpiece.
- the method is integrated into an overall machining process of the workpiece, in which a timely pre-processing of the workpiece and/or a timely post-processing of the workpiece can take place.
- a timely post-processing of the coated workpiece can in particular consist of the coated workpiece being heated to a predetermined forming temperature in the reheating oven and subsequently being formed.
- the applied layer of the auxiliary material then develops its oxidation-inhibiting effect, i.e. H. scale formation during heating is reduced.
- FIG 2 shows a second variant of the method according to the invention and the spray device 10 according to the invention.
- the spray device according to Figure 2 differs from the first variant shown in Figure 1 in that the gas mixture is heated at the outlet of the spray device 10 with the aid of a burner 16.
- a fuel in particular a fuel gas 6.
- the fuel gas 6 is sucked into the spray device 10 together with the auxiliary material 2 and the ambient air and thus becomes part of the gas mixture 7 in the spray device.
- the fuel gas 6 can also be supplied to the burner directly at its position, ie at the outlet of the spray device 10, as shown in Figure 2.
- the fuel gas which can be, for example, propane gas, natural gas or hydrogen
- the burner 16 Formation of a flame 8 ignited.
- the auxiliary substance 2 contained in the gas mixture 7 is then melted in the flame 8 and sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece 20.
- propellant gas e.g. B. compressed air
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022205343.5A DE102022205343A1 (de) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines metallischen Werkstücks |
| PCT/EP2023/062852 WO2023232439A1 (de) | 2022-05-30 | 2023-05-12 | Verfahren zum bearbeiten eines metallischen werkstücks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4532787A1 true EP4532787A1 (de) | 2025-04-09 |
Family
ID=86383055
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23723976.9A Pending EP4532787A1 (de) | 2022-05-30 | 2023-05-12 | Verfahren zum bearbeiten eines metallischen werkstücks |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4532787A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025518742A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250011147A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119325523A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022205343A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023232439A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1995345A1 (de) * | 2007-05-25 | 2008-11-26 | InnCoa GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffs |
| DE102009054427B4 (de) * | 2009-11-25 | 2014-02-13 | Kme Germany Ag & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Aufbringen von Gemengen aus Kohlenstoff und Metallpartikeln auf ein Substrat, nach dem Verfahren erhältliches Substrat und dessen Verwendung |
| EP2644738B1 (de) * | 2012-03-28 | 2018-01-10 | Oerlikon Metco AG, Wohlen | Plasmaspritzverfahren zum Herstellen einer ionenleitenden Membran und ionenleitende Membran |
| US9027374B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-05-12 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Methods to improve hot workability of metal alloys |
| JP6979754B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-26 | 2021-12-15 | 株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド | 溶射材料および溶射皮膜 |
| JP2019178389A (ja) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-17 | 株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド | 溶射用スラリー |
| DE102018208815A1 (de) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-05 | Höganäs Ab | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Wärmedämmschichten mit Vertikalrissen |
-
2022
- 2022-05-30 DE DE102022205343.5A patent/DE102022205343A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-05-12 KR KR1020247041147A patent/KR20250011147A/ko active Pending
- 2023-05-12 JP JP2024570659A patent/JP2025518742A/ja active Pending
- 2023-05-12 WO PCT/EP2023/062852 patent/WO2023232439A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-12 CN CN202380043741.5A patent/CN119325523A/zh active Pending
- 2023-05-12 EP EP23723976.9A patent/EP4532787A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022205343A1 (de) | 2023-11-30 |
| CN119325523A (zh) | 2025-01-17 |
| KR20250011147A (ko) | 2025-01-21 |
| WO2023232439A1 (de) | 2023-12-07 |
| JP2025518742A (ja) | 2025-06-19 |
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