EP4499938A1 - Verkleidungselement für ein gebäude - Google Patents
Verkleidungselement für ein gebäudeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4499938A1 EP4499938A1 EP23715006.5A EP23715006A EP4499938A1 EP 4499938 A1 EP4499938 A1 EP 4499938A1 EP 23715006 A EP23715006 A EP 23715006A EP 4499938 A1 EP4499938 A1 EP 4499938A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cladding element
- absorption
- reflection surfaces
- reflection
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/02—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/02—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements
- E04D1/04—Grooved or vaulted roofing elements of ceramics, glass or concrete, with or without reinforcement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/30—Special roof-covering elements, e.g. ridge tiles, gutter tiles, gable tiles, ventilation tiles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/12—Roofing elements shaped as plain tiles or shingles, i.e. with flat outer surface
- E04D1/16—Roofing elements shaped as plain tiles or shingles, i.e. with flat outer surface of ceramics, glass or concrete, with or without reinforcement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/28—Roofing elements comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
- E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2916—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of the same row
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
- E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2918—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of succeeding rows
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cladding element for a building or part of a building, in particular a roof, wherein the cladding element has a support surface that faces the building in use and has an outer structure that faces the surroundings of the building in use, the outer structure being formed by a base material of the cladding element is specified.
- the invention further relates to a roof covered with the cladding element.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a cladding element for a building or part of a building, in particular for a roof.
- cladding elements For example, reflective cladding elements are known, which are intended to prevent the building from heating up undesirably in the summer.
- the document US 3,001,331 therefore proposes, for example, a metal cladding applied in addition to the roof covering, which has a horizontal reflection surface and a vertical absorption surface that absorbs light and heat and is visible from the street.
- the disadvantage of this arrangement is usually that the roof is less weather-resistant due to the large attack surface of the roof for wind, rain and snow, so that the roof has less durability.
- the object of the invention is to provide a cladding element of the type mentioned at the outset for a building or part of a building, in particular for a roof, with which cladding element, when used in a building, effectively or efficiently heats the building through solar radiation in all seasons can be regulated and which cladding element is particularly weather-resistant and durable.
- a further aim is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset for producing a cladding element for a building or part of a building, in particular for a roof, with which cladding element in use in a building ensures that the building is heated by solar radiation in all seasons can be efficiently regulated and which cladding element is particularly weather-resistant and durable.
- a cladding element for a building or part of a building, in particular for a roof, the cladding element having a support surface facing the building in use and an external structure facing the surroundings of the building in use has, wherein the outer structure is predetermined by a base material of the cladding element, it is provided according to the invention that the outer structure has a large number of reflection surfaces for reflecting solar radiation, in particular IR radiation, and a multiplicity of absorption surfaces for absorbing solar radiation, in particular IR radiation. Radiation, wherein the reflection surfaces reflect the solar radiation, in particular the IR radiation, more strongly than the absorption surfaces and / or the absorption surfaces absorb the solar radiation, in particular the IR radiation, more strongly than the reflection surfaces.
- the cladding element protects the building from environmental influences
- the reflection surfaces are reflected and heating of the building in summer can be reduced or avoided.
- the reflection surfaces and the absorption surfaces preferably heat up to different degrees, so that air turbulences, which also contribute to cooling, arise over the cladding element. This can be achieved particularly efficiently if the reflection surfaces and the absorption surfaces are arranged alternately.
- the absorption surfaces enable the absorption of solar radiation, especially IR radiation, and can thus contribute to the natural warming of the building in winter.
- Solar radiation has a spectrum from hard X-rays to long radio waves, with a continuous spectrum in a wave range from about 140 nm to about 10 cm.
- the portion of infrared radiation with a wavelength of 780 nm to 1 mm usually contributes to the heating of bodies on the earth's surface.
- the heating of bodies, for example buildings, can be regulated in a targeted manner through targeted reflection and absorption of radiation. Due to the large number of reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces provided by the base material, the cladding element is particularly durable and stable.
- the particularly aforementioned IR radiation, also referred to as infrared radiation is usually infrared radiation from solar radiation.
- the infrared radiation is usually electromagnetic radiation with an electromagnetic wavelength of 780 nm to 1 mm, in particular 780 nm to 50 pm, preferably 780 nm to 3 pm.
- sunlight refers to a portion of an electromagnetic spectrum of sunlight of 380 nm to 1 mm, in particular 380 nm to 50 pm, preferably 380 nm to 3 pm.
- heating of the building due to solar radiation, in particular due to irradiation of the cladding element with solar radiation, can be effectively or efficiently regulated, especially at all times of the year.
- a degree of reflection of the reflection surfaces is greater than a degree of reflection of the absorption surfaces and/or an absorption degree of the absorption surfaces is greater than an absorption degree of the reflection surfaces.
- the respective reflectance can be an average reflectance.
- the respective degree of absorption can be an average degree of absorption.
- the degree of reflection or degree of absorption refers in particular to the aforementioned wavelength ranges of solar radiation. It is advantageous if the degree of reflection of the reflection surfaces is greater than 0.5, in particular greater than 0.75, preferably greater than 0.9, and/or the degree of absorption of the absorption surfaces is greater than 0.5, in particular greater than 0.75, preferably greater than 0.9.
- a cladding element is particularly effective and long-lasting if it has 8 to 4,000, in particular 11 to 3,000, reflection surfaces and/or 8 to 4,000, in particular 11 to 3,000, absorption surfaces.
- the cladding element is usually monolithic.
- the outer structure is usually formed by an outer surface of the cladding element.
- the outer surface and the support surface are generally arranged on opposite sides of the cladding element.
- the outer surface and/or the support surface are each oriented essentially parallel to a longitudinal direction and parallel to a width direction of the cladding element.
- a height direction of the cladding element is oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction and orthogonally to the width direction of the cladding element.
- a height extent of the cladding element oriented in the height direction is smaller than a longitudinal extent oriented in the longitudinal direction and smaller than a width extent of the cladding element oriented in the width direction.
- the height direction is usually oriented from the support surface to the outer surface. It is advantageous if the cladding element is predominantly, in particular essentially, formed from the base material.
- a size ratio between all reflection surfaces and all absorption surfaces of the cladding element is from 90:10 to 50:50, in particular from 70:30 to 60:40 .
- the size ratio usually refers to an area of the reflection surfaces or absorption surfaces. It is advantageous if the reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces are arranged alternately along an arrangement direction. In use, this has proven to be beneficial for the formation of convective flows, in particular air vortices, due to a temperature difference that usually occurs between the reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces. This makes it possible to achieve a more homogeneous temperature distribution along the outer structure.
- the arrangement direction usually corresponds to an inclination direction of a part, in particular roof, of a building on which the cladding element is arranged. This is particularly true in a plan view of the part, particularly the roof, of the building.
- the trim element typically has an upper end and a lower end in a direction parallel to the outer surface.
- the lower end is usually positioned lower than the upper end.
- An alignment direction of the cladding element is generally oriented from the upper end to the lower end. The alignment direction can be parallel to the arrangement direction or the arrangement direction. This is particularly true in a top view of the cladding element.
- Top view usually refers to a view orthogonal to the outer surface of the cladding element or parallel to the height direction of the cladding element.
- the outer structure is designed in a step-shaped manner.
- the reflection surfaces usually face the upper end of the cladding element, which is designed in particular for attachment to a building.
- the absorption surfaces usually face the lower end of the cladding element.
- the lower end is located closer to the ground than the upper end.
- the upper end and the lower end are arranged opposite one another on the cladding element along the outer surface, in particular in the arrangement direction.
- the reflection surfaces and the absorption surfaces are arranged alternately with one another.
- the reflection surfaces are each arranged at an angle a, in particular at an angle a of 70° to 179°, to a respective adjacent, in particular adjacent, absorption surface.
- the angle a can in particular be 80° to 153°, preferably 85° to 120°.
- the reflection surfaces each extend from a lower vertex facing the support surface of the cladding element to an upper vertex facing the environment. The reflection surfaces therefore usually face the upper end of the cladding element.
- the absorption surfaces each extend from one of the upper vertices to the lower vertex, which is arranged between the absorption surface and a further reflection surface.
- the absorption surfaces usually face the lower end of the cladding element.
- the angle a of 70° to 179° is particularly suitable for temperate climate zones with latitudes from about 23° 27' latitude to about 66° 34' north or south.
- the most efficient design can be determined based on the exact geographical location of the building and the arrangement of the cladding element on the building.
- alternating reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces with upper vertices and lower vertices can be connected to one another, with upper vertices and lower vertices alternating along the outer structure or outer surface.
- the respective lower apex is usually lower in relation to a height direction of the cladding element than the two upper apexes between which the lower apex is arranged. If the reflection surfaces are arranged at an angle a to the absorption surfaces, they also point towards the upper end of the cladding element, while the absorption surfaces point towards the lower end of the cladding element.
- the upper vertex and the lower vertex can have a height difference d of 0.05 cm to 5 cm. This usually refers to the upper and lower vertices, which are assigned to the respective reflection surface and absorption surface.
- the outer structure therefore has a low profile height and is therefore particularly weather-resistant. In addition, a uniform overall visual impression can be created.
- the reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces can directly adjoin one another or be spaced apart from one another.
- a transition region can be formed between the reflection surfaces and the absorption surfaces. Likewise, a transition region can be formed between the absorption surfaces and the reflection surfaces. It is advantageous if a transition region is formed between adjacent, in particular adjacent, reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces. For example, a transition region can be formed between a respective reflection surface and an absorption surface adjacent to the reflection surface. The transition region can be part of the respective reflection surface and/or absorption surface. Alternatively, it may be expedient for the transition region not to be part of the respective reflection surface and/or not to be part of the respective absorption surface.
- the absorption surfaces and reflection surfaces can be separated from one another by the transition areas.
- the outer structure in the transition area can have an edge, a chamfer or a curve, in particular be implemented by one.
- a cladding element that has a chamfer with a length of 0.1 cm to 2 cm, in particular 0.3 cm to 1 cm, in the transition area is particularly stable, in particular is implemented by such a chamfer.
- a curve with a radius of 0.1 cm to 2 cm, in particular from 0.3 cm to 1 cm, can also be provided in the transition area, in particular the transition area can be implemented by such a curve. This means that the coverage of the absorption surfaces and reflection surfaces with dirt and/or rainwater can be efficiently reduced.
- the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces can be flat.
- the vertices can each result from an intersection of an extension of the reflection surfaces or the absorption surfaces.
- the cladding element is particularly weather-resistant if at least one, in particular each, reflection surface is concave or convex. Additionally or instead, at least one, in particular each, absorption surface can be concave or convex. This arrangement allows rainwater to be drained particularly effectively and efficiently along the outer structure. Furthermore, a glare effect can be reduced and the reflection or absorption can be increased by concave reflection surfaces and/or convex absorption surfaces. It has proven particularly useful if at least one reflection surface is concave and at least one absorption surface is convex. This applies in particular in a cross section through the cladding element that is orthogonal to the outer surface, preferably parallel to the alignment direction or arrangement direction. The respective vertex can lie at an intersection of an extension of a spanned surface of the reflection surface and an extension of a spanned surface of the absorption surface. The spanned surface can be defined by, in particular opposite, edges of the respective reflection surface or
- the respective clamping surface usually runs through end points of a contour of the respective reflection surface or absorption surface. It is advantageous if at least one, in particular several, of the reflection surfaces are shaped parabolically, at least in sections. As a result, solar radiation can be efficiently and directedly reflected away from a close area using the reflection surfaces or preferably reflected upwards. This applies in particular in the cross section that is orthogonal to the outer surface, preferably parallel to the direction of alignment. It is advantageous if at least one, in particular several, of the reflection surfaces are shaped parabolically, at least in sections.
- Reflection surfaces or absorption surfaces shaped in this way have proven to be advantageous in relation to the planning of temperature distributions, especially in urban areas, or in relation to geoengineering, particularly due to their ability to direct radiation.
- the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces are arranged in a strip-shaped, wave-shaped, triangular or diamond-shaped manner. It is advantageous if the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces each have a strip-shaped, wavy, triangular or diamond-shaped side line.
- the respective side line can be an edge between adjacent, in particular adjacent, reflection surfaces and absorption surfaces. Such an edge can preferably be present between a reflection surface and an absorption surface adjacent to it, in particular adjacent to it.
- the respective side line can be an edge between a respective reflection surface and the transition region which adjoins the reflection surface and/or an edge between a respective absorption surface and the transition region which adjoins the reflection surface.
- this has proven to be advantageous for generating air convection, in particular air turbulence, in order to promote a more homogeneous temperature distribution along the cladding element. It is advantageous if, in the case of a diamond-shaped arrangement or diamond-shaped side line, the diamond shape is formed with four side line segments adjoining one another at an angle, with the side line segments preferably not adjoining one another at right angles. It is advantageous if the reflection surfaces and/or absorption surfaces are arranged in such a way that one of the diagonals of the respective diamond shape is oriented essentially parallel to the direction of arrangement.
- An effective or efficient cladding element can be provided if the reflection surfaces and the absorption surfaces are arranged in strips.
- the cladding element is particularly stable if the reflection surfaces each have a strip width from the lower vertex to the upper vertex of 0.05 cm to 10 cm, in particular from 0.1 cm to 5 cm, or if the absorption surfaces each have a strip width from the upper to the lower vertex of 0.05 cm to 10 cm, in particular from 0.1 cm to 5 cm.
- An effective or efficient and stable cladding element can also be provided if the reflection surfaces are arranged in a diamond shape and preferably the absorption surfaces surround the reflection surfaces in a zigzag stripe shape.
- a strip-shaped, in particular rectangular, absorption surface can be arranged between adjacent reflection surfaces.
- the respective reflection surface is usually diamond-shaped.
- the reflection surfaces are preferably arranged such that the diamonds are arranged in rows in the directions of both diagonals of the diamonds. It is advantageous if a strip-shaped, in particular rectangular, absorption surface is arranged between adjacent side line segments of the diamonds.
- the absorption surfaces then usually form a zigzag pattern.
- the diamonds can have the same shape and/or the same orientation and/or the same size.
- the effect of the sun can be regulated particularly effectively if the diamond-shaped reflection surfaces each have a longitudinal diagonal from the lower vertex to the upper vertex with a length of 0.05 cm to 10 cm, in particular 0.1 cm to 5 cm, and / or if the diamond-shaped reflection surfaces each have a transverse diagonal arranged or aligned perpendicularly or at right angles to the longitudinal diagonal with a length of 0.05 cm to 10 cm, in particular from 0.1 cm to 5 cm.
- An effective or efficient regulation of the effect of the sun can be achieved additionally or instead if the strip-shaped absorption surfaces each have a strip width of 0.05 cm to 10 cm, in particular 0.1 cm to 5 cm, from the upper vertex to the lower vertex .
- the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces have a lateral inclination.
- the lateral inclination can be present at least in sections.
- a predominant portion of the respective reflection surface or the respective absorption surface can have a lateral inclination.
- the lateral inclination may refer to a view orthogonal to the height direction of the cladding element and orthogonal to the alignment direction relate.
- the lateral inclination is usually designed in such a way that, particularly in plan view, rainwater falling on the cladding element when the cladding element is in use can be guided at least partially transversely to the direction of alignment due to the lateral inclination.
- the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces can slope up or down towards the sides of the cladding element.
- the sides form the edge of the cladding element that connects the upper end to the lower end.
- the direction of fall of the lateral inclination is at an angle, in particular at an angle of over 0° to 90°, in particular from 1° to 89°, preferably from 5° to 85°, to a perpendicular to the upper end and/or is arranged towards the lower end.
- the direction of fall of the lateral inclination can have an angle, in particular an angle of over 0° to 90°, in particular from 1° to 89°, preferably from 5° to 85°, to the alignment direction.
- rainwater can thereby be drained away efficiently, particularly laterally or in the direction transversely, particularly orthogonally to the direction of alignment.
- a pronounced self-cleaning ability of the external structure can be achieved.
- a predominant portion of the respective reflection surface or respective absorption surface can have such an inclination. This applies in particular in a cross section of the cladding element orthogonal to the arrangement direction or orthogonal to the alignment direction.
- the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces can be inclined laterally, in particular have a lateral inclination, such that the outer surface, in particular the reflection surfaces and/or absorption surfaces, form a channel along which rainwater can be conducted in use is.
- the channel is usually formed by the reflection surfaces and/or by the absorption surfaces, in particular their lateral inclination.
- the channel usually has, at least in sections, preferably essentially, a longitudinal direction oriented from the upper end to the lower end, in particular in a top view of the cladding element.
- the channel has, at least in sections, preferably substantially, a longitudinal direction oriented parallel to the alignment direction, in particular in a top view of the cladding element.
- a plurality of such channels in particular spaced apart from one another, can expediently be formed.
- the channels can, usually be regularly spaced apart from one another in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the channels.
- the channels can be oriented essentially parallel to one another.
- the channel has a curved, preferably parabolic, bottom surface. This applies in particular in a cross section of the channel that is oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the channel.
- the bottom surface can be designed in this way in sections, in particular predominantly, along the longitudinal direction of the channel.
- the lateral inclination can be implemented in that the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces are each curved or at least partially formed with planes inclined in the direction of inclination of the lateral inclination.
- An optimized water drainage that can be achieved in this way is particularly important if the cladding element is a roof tile, in particular a roof tile, or the cladding element is used for roofing.
- roofing on roofs with a roof pitch of 10° to 30°, preferably 20° to 25°, is made possible in this way.
- the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces in particular in a direction orthogonal to the alignment direction, can have several sections with opposing, in particular opposite, lateral inclinations. In this way, one or more channels can be formed with the sections.
- the respective reflection surface or absorption surface can be designed in such a way, in particular have such sections. It is advantageous if at least one channel runs along the alignment direction, particularly in a top view of the cladding element.
- the cladding element can expediently have several such channels. It can be practical if a channel runs essentially in the middle of the cladding element, in particular essentially along a center axis of the cladding element.
- opposite sections of the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces can have mutually opposing lateral inclinations, in particular in each case a lateral inclination in the direction of the central axis.
- Center axis usually refers to a top view of the cladding element along the alignment direction through the center of the cladding element, especially the middle of the external structure, running axis. It is advantageous if at least one channel is arranged in a first half of the cladding element and/or at least one channel in a second half of the cladding element in a direction orthogonal to the alignment direction.
- no channel is then arranged in the middle, in particular along the center axis, of the cladding element.
- the channels in particular their longitudinal axes, preferably run essentially parallel to the arrangement direction and/or parallel to one another.
- An arrangement of the channel or channels applies in particular to the top view of the cladding element.
- An arrangement or positioning of a channel usually refers to a center of the channel or to a longitudinal axis of the channel running through a center of the channel. At least one, in particular several, preferably a majority, particularly preferably essentially all, of the reflection surfaces and/or the absorption surfaces can have such lateral inclinations or sections.
- the reflection surfaces and/or absorption surfaces are shaped in such a way that, in a plan view of the cladding element, the respective reflection surface and/or absorption surface has at least one side edge running transversely to the alignment direction, the side edge having one or more maximums with respect to the alignment direction forms maxima.
- the side edge can be curved at least in sections in the alignment direction or tapered in sections.
- the side edge is usually formed with a front end region of the reflection surface or absorption surface opposite to the direction of alignment. This is particularly true in a top view of the cladding element.
- An effective, stable and easy-to-produce cladding element can be provided if the reflection surfaces have a coating that is more reflective for solar radiation, in particular IR radiation, than the absorption surfaces or more reflective than the base material of the cladding element. This is particularly advantageous if a surface of the absorption surfaces is formed from the base material. Additionally or instead, it can also be provided that the absorption surfaces have a coating that is more absorbent for solar radiation, in particular IR radiation, than the reflection surfaces or that is more absorbent than the base material of the cladding element.
- the coatings can have reflection properties, in particular degrees of reflection or degrees of absorption, according to the reflection properties, especially degrees of reflection or
- the cladding element is particularly durable and stable if the base material of the cladding element is brick, in particular brick made of clay or concrete.
- the cladding element is a roof tile, in particular a roof tile.
- the base material is usually formed with, in particular essentially from, clay, usually fired clay, or concrete.
- the object of the invention is also to provide a roof that effectively or efficiently regulates heating of the building through solar radiation, in particular through irradiation of the roof with solar radiation, at all times of the year and which is particularly weather-resistant and durable.
- a roof in particular a roof with a roof pitch of 10° to 70°, in particular of 10 to 30°, preferably of 20° to 25°, comprising at least one previously described cladding element, in particular comprising a plurality of previously described cladding elements .
- a slope of the absorption surfaces is greater than a slope of the reflection surfaces.
- the reflection surfaces and the Absorption surfaces are visible in a ratio of 100:0 to 40:60. In addition, this can reduce the glare from the roof.
- the reflection surfaces can each be arranged at an angle ⁇ of -5° to -65°, in particular from -10 to -45°, to a horizontal.
- the absorption of solar radiation in winter is improved if the absorption surfaces are each arranged at an angle ⁇ of -60° to +60°, in particular of -30 to +30°, to the vertical.
- the support surface has a surface structure that essentially corresponds to the outer structure, so that extreme values, in particular maxima and minima, of the outer structure and extreme values, in particular maxima and minima, of the surface structure lie opposite one another on the cladding element.
- the extreme values are usually formed by increases and depressions in the external structure or the surface structure.
- maxima correspond to elevations and minima to depressions.
- the surface structure of the support surface essentially corresponds to the outer structure, with the surface structure and outer structure preferably being designed to be mirror images. It has been shown that this is particularly beneficial for high structural accuracy when producing the cladding element, in particular by means of embossing.
- the aim is achieved by a method of the type mentioned at the outset for producing a cladding element described in this document if a base body formed with a base material, preferably made of clay, is obtained, the base material specifying an outer structure of the cladding element, after which the base body is coated with a coating , in particular an engobe, is coated, after which the coating of the base body is at least partially removed in areas in order to form the reflection surfaces with, in particular through, areas of the base body coated with the coating and with areas of the base body from which the coating has been at least partially removed to form the absorption surfaces.
- a corresponding base body is or is usually provided. In this way, effort is practical with the procedure in this document described cladding element can be produced. This procedure can be called the first procedure.
- the base body can expediently be coated with the coating by coating an outer surface of the base body, which outer surface defines the outer structure, with the coating in sections, in particular predominantly, preferably essentially completely.
- the coating can be formed by a layer, in particular several spatially separated or connected layers.
- the base body in particular including the coating
- the base material is formed with clay and/or the coating is an engobe or glaze. Firing can expediently take place after hardening.
- the coating can be removed in areas before firing, and in particular, if necessary, after curing. To avoid contamination of the reflection surfaces with dust, it is beneficial if the coating is removed in areas after firing.
- the curing can be carried out by, in particular, drying the base body, in particular including the coating.
- the area-wise removal of the coating usually takes place to the extent that absorption properties, in particular absorption levels, of the areas from which the coating was at least partially removed are suitable for forming the absorption surfaces.
- the coating is predominantly, in particular substantially, preferably completely, removed.
- the absorption surfaces can be formed with, in particular by, the base material.
- the base material of the base body can be designed as base material as described above.
- the coating can be formed with, in particular essentially from, a glaze, an engobe, a lacquer, a plastic, a ceramic, enamel, pigments, sulfate, in particular barium sulfate, or a metallic coating.
- the coating is preferably formed with, in particular, an engobe and/or a glaze.
- the outer structure of the cladding element or base body can be practically produced by embossing. This is usually done using an embossing mold Embossing structure of the embossing mold is formed, in particular embossed, into the base body, in particular its base material, in order to form the outer structure.
- the outer structure is usually formed corresponding to the embossed structure, usually as a negative structure of the embossed structure.
- the embossed structure is usually a negative structure of the outer structure.
- the embossed structure can be embossed by pressing the embossed structure and base body together and/or by solidifying a flowable base material of the base body while contacting the embossed structure, so that the solidified base material has the outer structure.
- the base body is usually formed predominantly, in particular essentially, from the base material.
- the base material can be predominantly, in particular essentially, made of clay. It is advantageous if the clay is pigmented. In particular, the clay can be pigmented with manganese. This makes it possible to increase the absorption capacity of the base material.
- the base body can be shaped in such a way that a surface of the base body forms the outer structure. The surface is usually formed from the base material.
- the coating is preferably an engobe.
- the engobe is usually formed predominantly, in particular essentially, from clay, in particular from a clay mineral mass. Although an engobe is preferred, the coating can also be formed with, in particular from, another material which has the reflection properties or absorption properties required for intended use, in particular for forming the reflection layer.
- the reflection surfaces are preferably formed, usually after firing, with the areas of the base body which are coated with a coating, in particular an engobe or glaze, together with a coating arranged thereon, in particular an engobe or glaze.
- the coating applied to the coated areas is then usually part of the base body.
- the absorption surfaces are usually formed with, in particular by, areas of the base body from which the coating, in particular engobe or glaze, has been removed, preferably essentially completely, or to which no coating has been applied.
- the base body is usually fired together with the coating applied to it, usually in certain areas.
- the base material or areas of the base body from which the coating has been removed or to which no coating has been applied have a greater degree of absorption than the areas coated with the coating or the engobe.
- the absorption properties, in particular degrees of absorption, and/or reflection properties, in particular degrees of reflection, specified in this document for absorption surfaces can apply in an analogous manner to the base material or the areas of the base body from which the coating or engobe has been removed.
- the absorption properties, in particular degrees of absorption, and/or reflection properties, in particular degrees of reflection, specified in this document for reflection surfaces can apply in an analogous manner to the areas coated with the coating or engobe. This is especially true after firing.
- the method can be designed in accordance with the features and effects that are described in the context of a cladding element, in particular above, in this document. The same applies to the cladding element with regard to the process.
- the base body is coated with the coating using spraying processes, centrifugal processes, using 3D printing, in particular 3D digital printing, and/or using stencils.
- the coating can be removed in areas by means of a machining process, in particular by means of milling and/or by means of grinding.
- a particularly high level of implementation practicability can be achieved if the engobe is removed in areas using a laser.
- the coating can be liquefied and/or vaporized in order to remove the coating in areas.
- the base body is selectively coated with the coating in such a way that areas of the base body coated with the coating essentially form the reflection surfaces.
- the coating can be applied to the base body to form a shape of the reflection surfaces. In particular, in this way it is possible to essentially, preferably completely, dispense with the need to remove the coating from the base body in certain areas, usually after firing. It is then usually provided that the absorption surfaces are formed with areas of the base body to which areas the coating is not or will not be applied.
- the coating is carried out using 3D printing, in particular 3D digital printing, and/or using a temporary cover.
- the coating can be selectively applied essentially only to areas of the base body on which the reflection surfaces are formed with the coating.
- a section of the base body is usually covered, usually temporarily, with the temporary cover, so that an edge of the temporary cover defines a contour of an area to be coated at least in sections, in particular substantially, after which the area to be coated, in As a rule, together with the edge of the temporary cover and/or with the temporary cover, is coated, after which the temporary cover is removed again.
- a selective coating of the base body can be carried out by not coating areas of the base body covered with the temporary cover with the coating.
- the section of the base body can represent an area of an absorption surface.
- the coating can expediently be carried out using a spraying process and/or a centrifugal process. Multiple temporary covers can be used.
- one or more absorption surfaces representing areas of the base body can be at least partially, preferably substantially completely, covered with one or more temporary covers.
- the areas to be coated can then be practically coated, including temporary covers.
- the areas to be coated usually represent areas on which the reflection surfaces are formed when the coating is applied, in particular by the coating.
- the temporary cover can be arranged on the base body or positioned at a distance from the base body during the coating of the base body with the coating.
- the temporary cover can be removed before curing or before firing or as part of the firing.
- the temporary cover can be formed by a template. After the areas to be coated have been coated with the coating, the template is usually removed from the base body, in particular removed from the base body.
- the template can be placed on the base body to cover the section of the base body and can be removed from the base body again after the coating has been completed, in particular by moving the template away from the base body.
- the template can be formed with several template elements, which can in particular be assigned to different sections of the base body to be temporarily covered.
- the template is usually removed from the base body before firing, in particular before curing, in particular removed from the base body.
- the reflection surfaces are formed with the coating applied to the areas to be coated.
- the temporary cover can expediently be arranged, in particular placed, on the base body for applying the coating.
- the temporary cover can be fixed on the base body.
- the temporary cover can be formed with, in particular by, one or more, in particular solid, cover elements.
- the cover elements can be formed with, in particular essentially made of, plastic.
- the respective cover element can be a plastic strip.
- the change in the aggregate state can be a phase transition from a solid state to a liquid and/or gaseous state of the temporary cover, in particular the cover elements.
- the temporary cover can be heated, usually with a heating device.
- the temporary cover can be arranged on the base body in a fixed state of the temporary cover.
- the base body including the temporary cover can then be coated with the coating.
- the temporary cover can then be converted into a liquid and/or gaseous state by heating the temporary cover, in particular during the firing of the base body, so that the temporary cover together with the coating arranged on it, in particular by flowing off and/or evaporating the temporary cover , Will get removed.
- the temporary one Covering can advantageously be implemented with solid plastic strips, in particular as stated above.
- the aim is achieved by a method of the type mentioned at the outset for producing a cladding element described in this document if a base body formed with a base material, preferably made of clay, is obtained, the base material specifying an outer structure of the cladding element, after which the base body selectively with a coating, in particular an engobe and/or glaze, is coated in such a way that coated areas of the base body essentially form the reflection surfaces.
- This procedure can be called the second procedure.
- a corresponding base body is or is usually provided. It is usually provided that areas of the base body to which the coating is not applied form the absorption surfaces. In this way, a cladding element described in this document can be produced with reduced effort using the method.
- This, in particular second, method can be implemented alternatively or additionally or as part of the above, in particular first, method.
- This, in particular second, method can be designed in accordance with the features and effects which are described in this document in the context of a cladding element or, in particular, the first method. The same applies to the cladding element with regard to the first and/or second method.
- the coating is carried out using 3D printing, in particular 3D digital printing, and/or using a temporary cover, in particular a stencil. This can be implemented as stated above.
- Fig. 1 shows an exemplary cladding element as a roof tile with strip-shaped reflection surfaces and strip-shaped absorption surfaces.
- Fig. 2 shows an alternative exemplary cladding element as a roof tile with strip-shaped reflection surfaces and strip-shaped absorption surfaces.
- Fig. 3 shows another alternative exemplary cladding element with wave-shaped reflection surfaces and wave-shaped absorption surfaces.
- Fig. 4 shows another alternative exemplary cladding element with diamond-shaped reflection surfaces and zigzag-strip-shaped absorption surfaces.
- Fig. 5 a shows an exemplary cladding element with a strip-shaped outer structure in a top view.
- Fig. 5 b shows the cladding element from Fig. 5 a in cross section
- Fig. 5 c shows a detail of Fig. 5 b.
- Fig. 5 d shows an alternative strip-shaped external structure in cross section.
- Fig. 5 e shows a detail of Fig. 5 d.
- Fig. 8 shows the water flow in an exemplary alternative arrangement of the outer structure with triangular reflection surfaces and strip-shaped absorption surfaces.
- Fig. 9 shows the water flow in an exemplary alternative arrangement of the outer structure with triangular reflection surfaces and strip-shaped absorption surfaces.
- Fig. 10 a shows an exemplary cladding element with diamond-shaped reflection surfaces and zigzag strip-shaped absorption surfaces in a top view.
- Fig. 10 b shows the cladding element from Fig. 10 a in cross section.
- Fig. 10 c shows a detail of Fig. 10 b.
- Fig. 11 shows the water flow in an exemplary cladding element with diamond-shaped reflection surfaces and zigzag-strip-shaped absorption surfaces in a top view.
- Fig. 12 a shows an experimental setup for measuring the reflective properties.
- Fig. 12 b shows the test result for a cladding element according to Fig. 5 a.
- Fig. 12 c shows the test result for a cladding element according to Fig. 10 a.
- Fig. 13 a shows an experimental setup for measuring the absorbent properties.
- Fig. 13 b shows the test result for a cladding element according to Fig. 5 a.
- FIG. 13 c shows the test result for a cladding element according to Fig. 10 a.
- Figures 1 to 4 each show exemplary cladding elements 1 designed as roof tiles or roof tiles.
- the cladding elements 1 each have a support surface 2 for resting on the roof and an outer structure 8 with a large number of reflection surfaces 3 and absorption surfaces 4.
- the reflection surfaces 3 are for Solar radiation, in particular IR radiation 100, is more reflective than the absorption surfaces 4 and the absorption surfaces 4 are more absorbent for solar radiation, in particular IR radiation 100, than the reflection surfaces 3.
- the outer structure 8 is predetermined by the base material of the cladding element 1.
- a negative mold made of plaster can be used.
- the outer structure 8 can be achieved by appropriate formwork of the negative form.
- a brick blank can first be shaped and then the coating can be applied.
- nozzles can be placed on the reflection surfaces 3 or the Absorption surfaces 4 are aligned. This can also be done in a continuous process, with the blanks being transported on a conveyor belt.
- the negative molds are prepared before the base material is shaped.
- the coating bonds to the base material.
- glass, ceramics, metal or pigments such as barium sulfate can be used as reflective materials.
- ceramics or pigments such as graphite or soot can be used as absorbent materials, but also other materials such as bristle hairs.
- the outer structure in Fig. 1 has a large number of strip-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are arranged alternately and in steps.
- the areas of the reflection surfaces 3 are larger than the areas of the absorption surfaces 4.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 also has strip-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4, which are arranged alternately and in steps. In this embodiment, twenty-three reflection surfaces 3 and twenty-three absorption surfaces 4 are provided.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are wave-shaped or the reflection surfaces 3 and/or the absorption surfaces 4 each have a wave-shaped side line. In this embodiment too, the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are formed in steps. In the embodiment shown, eight reflection surfaces 3 and eight absorption surfaces 4 are formed.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are arranged alternately and in steps.
- the reflection surfaces 3 are arranged at an angle a to the absorption surfaces 4. This arrangement results in a lower vertex 5, facing the support surface 2, at which one of the reflection surfaces 3 borders one of the absorption surfaces 4, and an upper vertex 6, facing the environment, at which the reflection surface 3 borders another absorption surface 4.
- the reflection surfaces 3 face the upper end 9 of the cladding element 1, while the absorption surfaces 4 face the lower end 10 of the cladding element 1.
- the detailed view in Fig. 5 c shows that the angle a has 70 ° to 179 °, being 130 ° in the illustrated embodiment.
- the height difference d between the lower vertex 5 and the upper vertex 6 is 0.05 cm to 5 cm and is 0.5 cm in the embodiment shown.
- the stripe width of the reflection surfaces 3 therefore measures 2.4 cm, the stripe width of the absorption surfaces 4 each measures 0.85 cm.
- the total area of the reflection surfaces 3 is therefore in a ratio of approximately 74:26 to the total area of the absorption surfaces 4.
- 5 d shows an alternative external structure 8 with strip-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4.
- the reflection surfaces 3 are concave and the absorption surfaces 4 are convex. In this way, the glare effect can be reduced and reflection can be improved.
- rainwater is drained even better via the cladding element 1 and contributes to cleaning the outer structure 8, so that the function is maintained in the long term.
- Concave reflection surfaces 3 and convex absorption surfaces 4 can also be provided in connection with other external structures 8.
- Fig. 5 e shows a detail of the external structure from Fig. 5 d.
- the angle a refers to the spanned surfaces.
- 6 to 9 show various alternative external structures 8 with improved water flow 7.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 have a lateral inclination.
- the direction of fall is arranged at an angle to a perpendicular to the upper end 9 and the lower end 10.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and/or absorption surfaces 4 can expediently be inclined laterally in such a way that the reflection surfaces 3 and/or absorption surfaces 4 form a channel along which rainwater can be guided during use.
- the water supply 7 preferably takes place in a central region of the cladding element 1.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are arranged alternately in an arc.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are each inclined so that a substantially central water flow 7 takes place or a central channel is formed.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are arranged alternately in an arc shape, although two mirror-symmetrical arc segments arranged next to one another are provided. In these arch segments, the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 are inclined so that there is a central water flow 7 or the respective arch segments are sections with which a channel is formed.
- the reflection surfaces 3 are also triangular and the absorption surfaces 4 are arranged in strips underneath, with two mirror-symmetrical segments arranged next to one another also being provided in Fig. 9.
- the water flow 7 is carried out by a lateral inclination of the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4, also centrally in both segments or in such a way that the respective segments are sections with which a channel is formed.
- Fig. 10 a shows a cladding element 1, which is designed as a roof tile, in a top view.
- the cladding element 1 has a large number of diamond-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and zigzag strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4. In the embodiment shown, approximately 300 reflection surfaces 3 are provided and 28 absorption surfaces 4.
- the reflection surfaces 3 are arranged at an angle a to the absorption surfaces 4, the angle can be from 70° to 179° and in the embodiment shown has 100° .
- the reflection surfaces 3 can be concave and the absorption surfaces 4 can be convex.
- the height difference d in the illustrated embodiments is usually 0.05 cm to 5 cm and measures, for example, 0.53 cm.
- the height difference d in a cross section that is orthogonal to an outer surface of the cladding element 1 that has the outer structure refers to a highest point and lowest point in the height direction of the respective reflection surface 3 or absorption surface 4.
- Fig. 11 shows the water supply 7 over a cladding element 1, as shown in Fig. 10 a to c.
- Fig. 12 a shows an experimental setup for measuring reflective properties of a cladding element 1.
- the cladding element 1 is aligned horizontally, with the outer structure 8 pointing upwards.
- Two emitters 101 which emit infrared radiation 100, are each arranged above the upper end 9 and the lower end 10 of the cladding element 1 so that they are aligned at an angle to the external structure. In the experimental setup shown, the angle is 45° to the horizontal.
- the temperature on the support surface 2 was measured.
- 12 b shows the result of the measurement for a cladding element 1 with strip-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4, as shown in FIGS. 5 a to 5 c.
- the temperature at the support surface 2 was lower when the cladding element 2 was irradiated with the radiator 101, which was arranged at the upper end, than when irradiated with the radiator 101 from the lower end.
- Fig. 12 c shows the result of the measurement according to Fig. 12 a for a cladding element according to Figs. 10 a to 10 c.
- the IR radiation 100 of the radiator 101 which is arranged at the lower end, hits the absorption surfaces 3 and the reflection surfaces 4 in a ratio of 30:70.
- the IR radiation 100 emitted by the upper radiator 101 hits 100% on the reflection surfaces 3.
- the temperature on the support surface 2 was higher when the cladding element 1 was irradiated from the lower end.
- Fig. 13 a shows another experimental setup for measuring the absorbent properties.
- a halogen spotlight 101 with 1000 watts was arranged at a distance A of 60 cm from a cladding element 1.
- the cladding element 1 was mounted on a tiltable frame. In this case too, the temperature on the support surface 2 was measured.
- cladding elements 1 made of concrete were used, with the reflection surfaces 3 being provided with a highly reflective paint. To do this, Cool Dry was applied twice according to the instructions for use. Cladding elements with a smooth outer structure 8 with and without coating were used as comparison elements.
- Fig. 13 b shows the results for horizontal and vertical irradiation of the cladding element 1 with strip-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4.
- the roof inclination was set at an angle y of 35 ° to the horizontal.
- the reflection surfaces 3 therefore had an angle ⁇ of -23° to the horizontal.
- the absorption surfaces 4 had one Angle ö of -20° to the vertical.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 were illuminated in a ratio of 55:45 during the horizontal alignment.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 were illuminated in a ratio of 90:10.
- the heating was significantly greater with horizontal irradiation than with vertical irradiation.
- Fig. 13 c shows the results for horizontal irradiation of a cladding element with diamond-shaped reflection surfaces 3 and zigzag-strip-shaped absorption surfaces 4.
- the roof inclination was set at an angle y of 25 ° to the horizontal.
- the cladding element 1 had flat reflection surfaces 3 and flat absorption surfaces 4.
- the angle a between the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 refers to the spanned surfaces and was 70° to 179°.
- the reflection surface 3 was arranged at an angle ⁇ of -10 ° to the horizontal and the absorption surface 4 at an angle ⁇ -5 ° to the vertical.
- the reflection surfaces 3 could be concave and the absorption surfaces 4 could be convex, as shown by the dashed line.
- the reflection surfaces 3 and the absorption surfaces 4 were irradiated in a ratio of approximately 40:60.
- the ratio was 100:0.
- the heating with horizontal irradiation was significantly greater than with vertical irradiation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50198/2022A AT526016A1 (de) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | Verkleidungselement |
| PCT/AT2023/060099 WO2023183955A1 (de) | 2022-03-28 | 2023-03-27 | Verkleidungselement für ein gebäude |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4499938A1 true EP4499938A1 (de) | 2025-02-05 |
| EP4499938C0 EP4499938C0 (de) | 2026-03-11 |
| EP4499938B1 EP4499938B1 (de) | 2026-03-11 |
Family
ID=85873742
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23715006.5A Active EP4499938B1 (de) | 2022-03-28 | 2023-03-27 | Verkleidungselement für ein gebäude |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250154767A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4499938B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT526016A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023183955A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3001331A (en) | 1959-06-19 | 1961-09-26 | Pendennis Company Ltd | Thermal covering for roofs |
| DE1937065A1 (de) * | 1969-07-16 | 1971-01-28 | Horst Pahl | Verkleidungselement fuer Daecher und/oder Fassaden |
| US5511537A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1996-04-30 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Smart, passive sun facing surfaces |
| DE20315042U1 (de) | 2003-08-12 | 2004-02-19 | Berty, Rolf, Dipl.-Phys. | Außenverkleidung von Dachflächen |
| US8201375B2 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2012-06-19 | Matthew Murray Botke | Multifunctional energy management building cladding |
| US20120017521A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Matthew Murray Botke | Variable performance building cladding according to view angle |
| US20120243113A1 (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2012-09-27 | Marc Jensen | Hybrid Cool Roof |
| US20120288674A1 (en) * | 2011-05-15 | 2012-11-15 | Matthew Murray Botke | Surfaces Suitable for Directionally Reflective Roofs and Methods Thereof |
| US8673427B2 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-03-18 | Certainteed Corporation | System, method and apparatus for increasing average reflectance of a roofing product for sloped roof |
-
2022
- 2022-03-28 AT ATA50198/2022A patent/AT526016A1/de unknown
-
2023
- 2023-03-27 US US18/850,864 patent/US20250154767A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-27 WO PCT/AT2023/060099 patent/WO2023183955A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-27 EP EP23715006.5A patent/EP4499938B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250154767A1 (en) | 2025-05-15 |
| AT526016A1 (de) | 2023-10-15 |
| EP4499938C0 (de) | 2026-03-11 |
| WO2023183955A1 (de) | 2023-10-05 |
| EP4499938B1 (de) | 2026-03-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE19739749A1 (de) | Vorgehängte Fassadenkonstruktion | |
| EP3153625B1 (de) | Formstein aus beton | |
| DE69112209T2 (de) | Verbesserung für dächer mit solarwärmekollektor. | |
| EP4499938B1 (de) | Verkleidungselement für ein gebäude | |
| DE3623428A1 (de) | Dachplatte, insbesondere daemmplatte zum aufbau eines unterdachs | |
| DE10142383C2 (de) | Träger für Solarmodule und dessen Verwendung sowie Dachabdeckung oder Fassade | |
| DE3445976A1 (de) | Kufenlaufbahn und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
| EP0740764A1 (de) | Wärmedämmungs- und wärmekollektoranordnung | |
| DE102008019883B4 (de) | Fahrbahnbelag und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben | |
| EP0018543A1 (de) | Absorberelement zur Aufnahme von Solarenergie | |
| EP0124946A2 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen oder Nachziehen einer Horizontalmarkierung auf Strassen und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Horizontalmarkierung | |
| DE4438151A1 (de) | Verfahren und Bettmaterial zur Installierung einer Straßenheizung | |
| DE20101170U1 (de) | Anordnung zur Vor-Ort-Erzeugung einer Lotuseffekt-Beschichtung | |
| EP2203611A2 (de) | Eps-schaumstoffplatte mit reflektierender oberfläche | |
| DE19549311C2 (de) | Infrarot-Eichstrahler und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung | |
| EP0869228B1 (de) | Reinigungs-Dachplatte | |
| DE2617040A1 (de) | Absorberplatte zum gewinnen der sonnenstrahlungsenergie | |
| DE3306951A1 (de) | Schneefanggitter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
| EP1661870A1 (de) | Einrichtung und ihre Anwendung zur Begrünung von Dach-, Wand- und/oder Bodenflächen sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
| EP0727542A1 (de) | Dachplatte und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung | |
| EP1657363B1 (de) | Sport- und/oder Erholungsfläche | |
| DE202019000595U1 (de) | Überdachung für Baukörper | |
| EP2725163B1 (de) | Bauschnittholz zur Erstellung einer Tragkonstruktion | |
| DE102004058212B4 (de) | Verwendung eines mineralische Blähkeramik enthaltenden Gemisches zur Begrünung von Dach,- Wand,- oder Bodenflächen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus diesem Gemisch | |
| EP1964992A1 (de) | Dämmplatte für die Aussenwärmedämmung von Gebäuden |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20240903 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SOLUTION ZERO OG |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: PRESLAND, JULIEN Inventor name: GANSGER, JOSEPH ARMIN |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20251021 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: F10 Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: U-0-0-F10-F00 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) Effective date: 20260311 Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: R17 Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: U-0-0-R10-R17 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) Effective date: 20260323 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: U11 Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: U-0-0-U10-U11 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) Effective date: 20260401 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20260312 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| U01 | Request for unitary effect filed |
Effective date: 20260317 |
|
| U07 | Unitary effect registered |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG DE DK EE FI FR IT LT LU LV MT NL PT RO SE SI Effective date: 20260323 |
|
| U20 | Renewal fee for the european patent with unitary effect paid |
Year of fee payment: 4 Effective date: 20260323 |