EP4335953A1 - Câble à âme et gaine antistatique - Google Patents

Câble à âme et gaine antistatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4335953A1
EP4335953A1 EP22194821.9A EP22194821A EP4335953A1 EP 4335953 A1 EP4335953 A1 EP 4335953A1 EP 22194821 A EP22194821 A EP 22194821A EP 4335953 A1 EP4335953 A1 EP 4335953A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antistatic
rope
fibers
sheath
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22194821.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erich RÜHRNÖSSL
Björn ERNST
Susanna Schiemer
Roland DORNETSHUBER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH
Original Assignee
Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH filed Critical Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH
Priority to EP22194821.9A priority Critical patent/EP4335953A1/fr
Priority to EP23192312.9A priority patent/EP4339340A1/fr
Priority to KR1020230118480A priority patent/KR20240035719A/ko
Priority to US18/244,501 priority patent/US20240084505A1/en
Publication of EP4335953A1 publication Critical patent/EP4335953A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/04—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics with a core of fibres or filaments arranged parallel to the centre line
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/147—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising electric conductors or elements for information transfer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1096—Rope or cable structures braided
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2009—Wires or filaments characterised by the materials used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/201—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating
    • D07B2201/2012—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating comprising polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2066—Cores characterised by the materials used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2088—Jackets or coverings having multiple layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2092—Jackets or coverings characterised by the materials used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2095—Auxiliary components, e.g. electric conductors or light guides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2003—Thermoplastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/201—Polyolefins
    • D07B2205/2014—High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2039—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2039—Polyesters
    • D07B2205/2042—High performance polyesters, e.g. Vectran
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205—Aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2015—Construction industries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rope made of textile fiber material, comprising a rope core and a sheath surrounding the rope core.
  • Static electricity usually occurs when two surfaces separate. This can occur, for example, with running ropes that run over sheaves during operation. During operation, parts of the rope come into contact with the disks installed in the rope drive. These rope increments are deflected via the rope pulleys and after the desired change of direction in the rope drive, the rope runs off the rope pulley, i.e. the rope is separated from the rope pulley. By separating the surface of the rope from the surface of the sheave, both surfaces become charged with an electrical charge. If the pulley were sufficiently electrically conductive and grounded, the electrical charge generated by the surface separation could be dissipated into the earth, e.g. through the steel construction of the hoist. Conversely, the pulley could also ground the rope.
  • an electrostatic charge becomes noticeable from around 3 kV and often leads to a moment of shock, which is associated with the risk of an accident.
  • the type and amount of charge accumulated depends on the material pairing of both components Component surfaces of both components, the number of surface separations and all parameters that influence charge migration, in particular the ambient temperature, the component temperature and the air and surface humidity.
  • WO2012042576A1 and JPH01207483A known to provide ropes with antistatic properties.
  • short antistatic fibers are used in the form of electrically conductive staple fibers that are spun into a yarn.
  • the conductive staple fibers should be made as short as possible so that a so-called corona discharge can take place.
  • the ends of the staple fibers would act as electrodes to achieve the corona discharge. According to this principle, the greater the number of ends of staple fibers, the better the corona discharge would be.
  • an antistatic fiber which comprises a multilobal, conductive fiber core which is covered by a non-conductive plastic sheath.
  • Such fibers are from the US 5,202,185 known and are offered, for example, under the brand Nega-Stat ® P190 and arranged in a grid shape in flat woven, knitted or nonwoven fabrics, for example to produce protective equipment.
  • the US 5,202,185 further teaches that some of these fibers can be used as staple fibers.
  • antistatic fibers can also include a fiber core that is not multilobal but, for example, circular, as in writing US 3,803,453 A is described.
  • a rope made of textile fiber material comprising a rope core and a sheath surrounding the rope core, the rope comprising at least one antistatic multifilament yarn or an antistatic monofilament which is in the rope core, in the sheath, in a between the rope core and the sheath located intermediate sheath and / or in a reinforcement located between the rope core and the sheath, the antistatic monofilament or individual filaments of the antistatic multifilament yarn each comprising a conductive fiber core which is covered by a non-conductive plastic sheath.
  • At least one antistatic multifilament yarn or at least one antistatic monofilament is arranged in the rope in order to give it the antistatic properties.
  • no staple fibers are used, but rather a monofilament or multifilament yarn, i.e. a continuous fiber or a continuous fiber yarn, which can be provided parallel to or at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the rope. Since such a multifilament yarn or a monofilament is significantly thinner than a yarn made from antistatic staple fibers, the multifilament yarn or the monofilament can be used more flexibly.
  • the antistatic monofilament or the antistatic multifilament yarn consisting of individual filaments with a conductive fiber core has the property that it attracts the electric field from the surface and can neutralize the entire free charge on the surface of the rope through corona discharge.
  • the surface charges are attracted to the rope and released into the environment over time through air ionization. This allows the surface discharge of the rope and the rope pulley to be reduced to an area that is safe for people and the environment.
  • the US 5,202,185 , the US 3,803,453 A and the fiber sold by Barnet under the trademark Nega-Stat ® P190 are examples of the US 5,202,185 , the US 3,803,453 A and the fiber sold by Barnet under the trademark Nega-Stat ® P190.
  • the fiber core of the antistatic monofilament or the fiber core of the individual filaments of the antistatic multifilament yarn can have a circular shape in cross section, such as from the US 3,803,453 A is known.
  • the fiber core of the antistatic monofilament or the fiber core of the individual filaments of the antistatic multifilament yarn has a multilobal shape in cross section, as shown in the US 5,202,185 is known because these antistatic fibers have a better antistatic effect.
  • the fiber core of the antistatic monofilament or the fiber core of the individual filaments of the antistatic multifilament yarn is non-metallic.
  • the fiber core comprises electrically conductive carbon black, also called conductivity carbon black.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns and/or the antistatic monofilaments preferably have a titer of a maximum of 500 dtex.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns or the antistatic monofilaments also have the particular advantage that they can be specifically incorporated into the components of the core-sheath rope, possibly only into the sheath, only into the rope core, only into the intermediate sheath or only into the reinforcement. This allows the amount of antistatic fibers to be reduced, which reduces costs and also saves weight.
  • the sheathing and/or the intermediate sheath and/or the reinforcement i.e. at least one of these components, a braid with braids running in the S direction and in the Z direction, with at least one braid running in the S direction having at least a first antistatic Multifilament yarn or at least a first antistatic monofilament and at least one braid running in the Z direction comprises at least a second antistatic multifilament yarn or a second antistatic monofilament.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns or the antistatic monofilaments run essentially parallel to the respective braid, apart from a twist caused by optional twisting, and thereby form a cylindrical grid. Such an arrangement enables a particularly uniform arrangement of the antistatic multifilament yarns or the antistatic monofilaments on or under the rope surface, so that electrostatic charges can be absorbed particularly effectively by the fibers and released into the air.
  • the sheathing and/or the intermediate sheath and/or the reinforcement is a braid with braids running in the S direction and in the Z direction, with one or more antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments either only in one or more in the S direction.
  • only a single antistatic multifilament yarn or a single antistatic monofilament can be used in the rope present.
  • the at least one antistatic multifilament yarn or the at least one antistatic monofilament thereby runs essentially spirally around the direction of the rope on or below the rope surface and runs at essentially equal distances around the rope.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments these can only be used in some of the braids running in the S-direction and / or Z-direction, for example only in every second, every third or every fourth in the S-direction and / or Z-direction running braid can be arranged. This means that the structure explained above can still be achieved, with larger grid spacing being achieved.
  • the amount of antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments can be further specifically selected if only some, preferably only one, of these threads or yarns of a lichen comprises at least one antistatic multifilament yarn or at least one antistatic monofilament.
  • the other threads or yarns can therefore be free of antistatic multifilament yarns and antistatic monofilaments.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath or the intermediate sheath can be adjusted.
  • the proportion of the antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath or the intermediate sheath is preferably a maximum of 25%, a maximum of 10% or a maximum of 5%.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath or intermediate sheath is at least 0.5%, at least 1%, at least 1.4%, at least 2.1% or at least 3% or essentially 1 .4%, substantially 2.1% or substantially 3%.
  • the titer or total titer is calculated as mass/length and has the unit dtex if the mass is used in grams and the length in 10,000 meters. Tests have shown that these proportions are sufficient even for ropes with long service lives to achieve an excellent antistatic effect over their entire service life.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the reinforcement can be up to 100%, since the Reinforcement is not designed to cover.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments can be freely selected, depending on the antistatic effect to be achieved and the desired mechanical properties of the rope core.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments in the rope is selected such that the rope is electrostatically charged of 8 kV, preferably 5 kV, particularly preferably 3 kV, particularly preferably 2 kV, is not exceeded after an electrostatic charging process, measured at a temperature between 15 ° C and 25 ° C, at a relative humidity between 30% and 40% a distance of 10 cm from the rope.
  • the measurement of the electrostatic charge can be carried out, for example, 10 seconds after an electrostatic charging process.
  • the electrostatic charging process can, for example, be one or more lifting processes or other friction on the rope.
  • the electrostatic charging process can, for example, be carried out until a maximum electrostatic charge is achieved.
  • the stated electrostatic charge of the rope should not be exceeded at least immediately after the rope has been manufactured, but preferably also after a predetermined amount of wear on the rope, particularly preferably at the end of the rope's service life according to Chapter. 6.3.3. (multilayer spooling performance) of ISO TS 23624:2021.
  • the rope is provided and electrostatically charged, for example by a predetermined number of lifting and lowering cycles without a payload, for example after one or five lifting and lowering cycles without a payload.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments in the rope is increased until the stated electrostatic charge is not exceeded. If it is to be achieved that the mentioned electrostatic charge of the rope also remains at the end of the rope's service life according to Chapter. 6.3.3. ISO TS 23624:2021 or after a predetermined wear relative to this service life (e.g.
  • the predetermined wear is first brought about and then the electrostatic charge is determined after an electrostatic charging process. It is advisable to charge the rope electrostatically using the same method that causes wear, for example according to the method mentioned Norm, although preferably no payload is used to create the electrostatic charge.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments in the sheath can also be present in the rope core itself. If this comprises several core layers, which can be the case in particular with cores twisted in multiple layers, the at least one antistatic multifilament yarn or the at least one antistatic monofilament is preferably only arranged in the outermost core layer, since this is arranged closest to the rope surface, where the electrostatic Charging occurs when surfaces separate.
  • the rope core could also be braided.
  • the reinforcement is made exclusively from antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments.
  • the reinforcement can be designed as standing threads or alternatively as a non-covering braid to form a lattice-shaped network.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments preferably form a uniform cylindrical grid, the mesh size of which is preferably between 5 mm and 20 mm, particularly preferably essentially 10 mm, amounts.
  • a non-uniform cylindrical grid could also be provided, for example when antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments are arranged with different spacings in the S-direction and in the Z-direction. If antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments are only present in braids in the S-direction or in the Z-direction, there will usually be no grid but a spiral cover.
  • the at least one antistatic multifilament yarn comprises at least six individual filaments, preferably exactly twenty-four individual filaments.
  • Such multifilament yarns are already available on the market, so no further modifications need to be made.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns or the antistatic monofilaments are often too thin to be used as a separate yarn on a bobbin of a round braiding machine, the antistatic multifilament yarns and / or the antistatic Monofilaments are twisted with a thread or yarn made of another material, said other material preferably being UHMWPE or PES.
  • UHMWPE or PES preferably being UHMWPE or PES.
  • the rope core comprises high-strength fibers, preferably p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers. Ropes with such rope cores can be used in particular for rope cranes.
  • the sheathing and/or the intermediate sheath and/or the reinforcement comprises both high-strength fibers, preferably p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers, as well as non-high-strength fibers, preferably PA Fibers, PES fibers or PP fibers, preferably at least a first antistatic multifilament yarn or a first antistatic monofilament being twisted with the high-strength fibers to form a first thread and at least a second antistatic multifilament yarn or a second antistatic monofilament with the non-high-strength fibers is twisted with a second thread.
  • Such a casing is particularly suitable for use in cable cranes.
  • the rope described above is particularly suitable for use as a crane rope, with the crane rope preferably carrying a bottom block with load hooks for transporting, lifting and lowering loads.
  • the crane rope preferably carrying a bottom block with load hooks for transporting, lifting and lowering loads.
  • such constructions are particularly prone to electrostatic charging, since the lower block cannot be grounded without further measures.
  • the use according to the invention enables the electrostatic charge to be reduced to a harmless level, preferably below the human perception limit of 3 kV.
  • Figure 1 shows a lower block 1 with load hook 2 of a crane, not shown.
  • the lower block 1 is supported by a 5-fold reeved rope 3 (10-strand reeving), each of which is deflected around a pulley 4 of the lower block 1.
  • the lower block 1 could also be supported by a single-reeved rope 3 (2-strand reeving), in which case the lower block 1 will also only comprise one sheave 4.
  • the rope 3 according to the invention is a fiber rope, ie a rope 3 made of textile fiber material with a usually essentially non-conductive rope surface.
  • “Non-conductive” is understood here to mean an ohmic resistance of > 10 6 ohms. That section of the rope 3 that comes into contact with the respective pulley 4 is therefore effectively not grounded.
  • the pulley 4 or the lower block 2 is not grounded either, as it hangs freely in the air. If the rope according to the prior art were used as a pure fiber rope without further precautions to reduce the antistatic effect, the rope 3 and the rope 3 would become electrostatically charged during operation of the rope crane due to the up and down movement of the lower block 1 on the rope 3 Bottom bottle 1 come.
  • the rope 3 has at least one antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or one antistatic monofilament, as explained in detail below.
  • the rope 3 described here is not intended for applications such as in Figure 1 shown is limited and does not have to be a crane rope. In general, the rope 3 can be used for all applications in which electrostatic charging is to be reduced.
  • the ropes 3 according to the invention usually have an outer diameter of 5 mm to 60 mm.
  • the structure of the rope 3 according to the invention is in one variant Figure 2 shown, which represents a cross section of a rope 3.
  • the rope 3 includes a rope core 6 and a sheath 7 surrounding the rope core 6.
  • the rope 3 is made of a textile fiber material, that is, both the rope core 6 and the sheath 7 are made of textile fiber material.
  • the rope 3 is preferably made metal-free, possibly apart from optional connecting elements or clamps which are attached to the ends of the rope 3 or at another point on the rope 3, or optionally functional, electrically conductive wires guided in the rope 3, for example as current conductors , information conductor or sensor serve.
  • the rope 3 can have an intermediate sheath 8, which is provided between the rope core 6 and the sheath 7.
  • this intermediate jacket 8 can also be made of textile fiber material and can preferably be metal-free.
  • a textile, preferably metal-free reinforcement (not shown) can also be used, which is understood to mean a non-covering component such as a net or standing threads. If the reinforcement is used in combination with a covering intermediate sheath 8, the reinforcement can be located either between the rope core 6 and the intermediate sheath 8 or between the intermediate sheath 8 and the sheath 7.
  • the rope core 6 has several core layers 9, 10, 11, with the core layer that is arranged closest to the sheath 7 being referred to as the outermost core layer 11.
  • a multi-layer rope core 6 can be produced, for example, if the rope core 6 is produced by multi-layer stranding of strands.
  • the rope core 6 comprises three core layers 9, 10, 11, whereby only two or more than three core layers are used and the individual strand layers can have different lay directions around the longitudinal axis.
  • the rope core 6 could also be designed without core layers or be formed by several strands that do not form any layers, or be braided.
  • the rope 3 comprises at least one antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or at least one antistatic monofilament.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or the antistatic monofilament or the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the antistatic monofilaments is or are present as continuous fibers over essentially the entire length of the rope 3.
  • filament or continuous fiber refers to fibers with a length of > 1000 mm. If necessary, after use there may be breakage points in one or more antistatic filaments, whereby these damaged antistatic filaments can further be referred to as continuous fibers.
  • Multifilament yarns consist of a defined number of individual filaments and are only available in this form and not separated into the individual filaments. Monofilaments are individual filaments of generally greater thickness that are available in this isolated form.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 consists of several individual filaments 12, which run essentially parallel and directly next to one another in order to form the respective antistatic multifilament yarn 5.
  • the individual filaments 12 are usually present next to each other loosely and not dispersed in a matrix.
  • the antistatic effect of the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 is due to the special structure of the individual filaments 12, each of which includes a conductive fiber core 13 which is covered by a non-conductive plastic sheath 14.
  • the antistatic effect of the antistatic monofilament is due to its special structure, which in turn comprises a conductive fiber core which is covered by a non-conductive plastic cover.
  • the structure described below with fiber core and plastic cover can be used both for the individual filaments 12 of the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 and for the antistatic monofilament.
  • the preferred structure of the individual filaments 12 or the monofilament is in the US 5,202,185 described, the content of which is hereby incorporated into this application.
  • the individual filaments 12 or the monofilament could also be as in the US 3,803,453 A described, the content of which is hereby also incorporated into this application.
  • the non-conductive plastic sheath 14 of the individual filaments 12 or the monofilament is preferably an extrudable, synthetic, thermoplastic, fiber-forming polymer or copolymer.
  • these include, among others, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyacrylics, polyamides and polyesters with fiber-forming molecular weight.
  • Particularly suitable shell polymers are polyhexamethylene adipamide, polycaprolactam and polyethylene terephthalate. In general, however, other materials could also be used.
  • the fiber core 13 of the individual filaments 12 or the monofilament comprises electrically conductive material (ie with an ohmic resistance ⁇ 10 6 ohms), preferably non-metallic material.
  • the fiber core 13 particularly preferably comprises electrically conductive carbon black, also called conductivity carbon black, in order to achieve the antistatic effect.
  • the fiber core 13 could also include other material that gives the fiber core its electrically conductive property.
  • the electrically conductive material is usually dispersed in a polymeric, thermoplastic matrix. This makes it possible to achieve particularly thin diameters of the individual filaments 12 or the monofilaments, whose manageability (eg flexibility) is comparable to classic textile fibers, which would not be possible, for example, if the fiber core 13 were a solid metal core.
  • carbon black concentrations in the fiber core 13 of 15 to 50 percent can be used. Preferred A concentration of 20 to 35 percent is used as this achieves high conductivity while maintaining a reasonable level of processability.
  • the polymer in the fiber core 13 can also be selected from the same group as that for the cladding, or it can be non-fibre-forming since it is protected by the cladding. In general, other materials could also be used.
  • the cross-sectional area of the fiber core 13 in the individual filaments 12 or in the monofilament should be sufficient to achieve the desired antistatic effect.
  • the proportion of the fiber core 13 in the single filament fiber 12 or in the monofilament can be, for example, at least 0.3% by volume, preferably at least 0.5% by volume and up to 35% by volume.
  • the conductive fiber core 13 preferably has a multilobal shape in cross section with usually at least 3, preferably 3 to 6 lobes (lobes). Each lobe preferably has an L/D ratio of 1 to 20, where L is the length of a line extending from the midpoint of the junction between the two lowest points of adjacent valleys on either side of the lobe to the farthest point of that lobe. D is the largest width of the flap, measured normal to L.
  • the conductive fiber core 13 could also have a different shape in cross section, such as a circular or oval shape. In other variants, the cross section could also be I-shaped, triangular or square.
  • the individual filament fibers 12 that can be used for the present invention have, for example, a titer of 6.5 dtex, so that an antistatic multifilament yarn 5 with 24 individual filament fibers 12 has a titer of 156 dtex.
  • the monofilaments could also have a titer of 156 dtex, although the titer could also be chosen to be significantly smaller or larger.
  • the rope 3 described here is a core-sheath rope
  • the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or the antistatic monofilament as a textile sub-element, ie as a yarn and in particular as part of a thread, in one or more of the components of the core-sheath rope, ie in the rope core 6, in the sheath 7, in the intermediate sheath 8 and/or in the reinforcement.
  • both at least one antistatic multifilament yarn 5 and at least one antistatic monofilament to be present in the rope 3.
  • only antistatic multifilament yarns 5 could be present in the sheath 7 and antistatic monofilaments could be present in the intermediate sheath 8.
  • both antistatic multifilament yarns 5 and antistatic ones could be in the sheath 7 Monofilaments are present.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 and/or the antistatic monofilament can also be incorporated only in the rope core 6, only in the sheath 7, only in the intermediate sheath 8 and/or only in the reinforcement, without antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments in the other components present.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments in the rope 3 depends on various factors, which will be discussed in more detail below. In the simplest case, however, there is only a single antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or a single antistatic monofilament in the rope 3, which is present as a continuous fiber over the entire length of the rope 3. This can be provided in particular for ropes 3 that are not subject to heavy wear.
  • the amount of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments in the rope 3 is usually selected in such a way that either at the time of production or after a predetermined wear of the rope 3, for example when the rope 3 has reached its service life (ie it is ready to be discarded) according to Chapter 6.3.3 .
  • a certain electrostatic charge is not exceeded after an electrostatic charging process (e.g. to achieve a maximum electrostatic charge on the rope). This electrostatic charge is preferably below the human-perceptible limit.
  • this electrostatic charge can be below 8 kV, preferably below 5 kV or particularly preferably below the human-perceptible limit of 3 kV or below 2 kV, measured at a temperature between 15 ° C and 25 ° C, at a relative humidity between 30% and 40% at a distance of 10 cm to rope 3.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments are provided in the sheath 7, their antistatic effect is best because they will be at least partially present on the outer surface of the rope 3. As a result, the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the antistatic monofilaments do not have to discharge through other fiber material.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns or antistatic monofilaments 5 on the sheath 7 can also be increased in order to not to exceed a certain electrostatic charge even after a predetermined use.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments in the sheath 7 the following measures can be used.
  • Embodiments with antistatic multifilament yarns 5 are explained below, although these can also be implemented with antistatic monofilaments instead of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • antistatic monofilaments instead of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the casing 7 is usually a braid, so that the casing 7 comprises several braids 15a, 15b, of which half of the braids 15a run in the so-called S direction of the casing 7 and the other half of the braids 15b run in the so-called Z -Direction of the sheath 7.
  • one or more antistatic multifilament yarns 5 only in the Braids 15a of the S direction are present, only in the braids 15b of the Z direction or both in braids 15a of the S direction and in braids 15b of the Z direction.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 will form a cylindrical grid. If it is a uniform cylindrical grid, the mesh size M of the grid can preferably be between 5 mm and 20 mm, particularly preferably essentially 10 mm. This solution with a uniform cylindrical grid can be chosen not only for the casing 7, but also for the intermediate casing 8 and/or the reinforcement, if these are designed as a braid, or also the rope core 6, if this is designed as a braided rope core 6.
  • every second braid 15a in the S direction and every third braid 15b in the Z direction has one or more antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 are only provided in some of the braids 15a, 15b running in the S-direction or Z-direction.
  • all of the braids 15a, 15b except for one braid could include antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the braids 15a, 15b have several threads 16, in this case three different threads 16 per braid 15a, 15b.
  • a sheath 7 is produced with several threads 16 per braid 15a, 15b by providing several threads 16 on the bobbins of a round braiding machine.
  • the braids 15a, 15b can each comprise only one thread 16, only two threads 16 or more than two threads 16.
  • plied yarns could also be provided.
  • the exemplary embodiments below are all included Twisting is explained, but it goes without saying that plied yarns can also be used as an alternative.
  • the braids 15a, 15b each comprise three threads 16, only one of which comprises antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • none or all of the threads 16 of a braid 15a, 15b could comprise an antistatic multifilament yarn 5, or all but one or all but two or only one, only two or only three of the threads of a braid 15a, 15b could (n) comprise an antistatic multifilament yarn 5, depending on the number of twists per braid 15a, 15b. It can be freely chosen whether the thread 16 with antistatic multifilament yarn 5 is arranged in the middle of the threads 16 or at the edge of the braid.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 in the sheath 7 can be further influenced if the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarn 5 in the respective thread 16 is selected.
  • a thread 16 of a braid 15a, 15b consists only of one or more antistatic multifilament yarns 5, folded or twisted together. From the illustrated embodiment of Figure 3 However, it can be seen that the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 can also be twisted with another yarn or thread in order to specifically select the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarn 5.
  • one, two, three or more than three antistatic multifilament yarns 5 with one or more twists made of high-strength materials such as p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers or one or more twists made of non- be twisted with high-strength materials such as PA fibers, PES fibers or PP fibers.
  • high-strength materials such as p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers or one or more twists made of non- be twisted with high-strength materials such as PA fibers, PES fibers or PP fibers.
  • two antistatic multifilament yarns 5, each comprising twenty-four individual filaments were twisted with a thread made of UHMWPE, the denier of the UHMWPE threads being more than ten times greater than the denier of the two antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the sheath 7 contains both high-strength fibers, preferably p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers, as well as non-high-strength fibers, preferably PA fibers, PES fibers.
  • Fibers or PP fibers wherein preferably at least a first antistatic multifilament yarn 5 is twisted with the high-strength fibers to form a first thread and at least a second antistatic multifilament yarn 5 is twisted with the non-high-strength fibers to form a second thread.
  • the first and second threads are preferably in different braids 15a, 15b.
  • the casing comprises 7 braids 15a, 15b made of different material, as shown in Figure 3 If this is the case, it could, however, be provided that the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 are only twisted with threads of the same material.
  • the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 could be in the embodiment of Figure 3 can also only be twisted with PES threads.
  • the sheath 7 can also consist of only threads made of a single material, one, some or all of which are twisted with antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the sheathing 7 can also only comprise PES fibers and the antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • first test rope V1 without antistatic multifilament yarns 5, a second test rope V2 with a first amount of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 and a third test rope V3 with a second amount of antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 in the total titer of the sheath 7 was 1.4%.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 in the total titer of the sheath 7 was 2.1%.
  • All three test ropes V1, V2, V3 had a three-layer twisted rope core 6 with 35 strands with an outer diameter of 18 mm.
  • the rope core 6 did not include any antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • All three test ropes V1, V2, V3 also had a sheath 7 with an outer diameter of 21 mm, with sixteen braids 15a arranged in the S direction and sixteen braids 15b in the Z direction.
  • sixteen braids 15a, 15b three PES threads were made with 1100 dtex / 4-ply / 150 T/m each and one UHMWPE thread with 3300 dtex / 1-ply / 150 T/m, with this arrangement being repeated four times became.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns 5 were twisted into the first test rope V1.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns 5 were twisted twice, i.e. in one of the threads 16 of every second braid (alternating with a PES thread and with a UHMWPE thread) two antistatic multifilament yarns 5 with 156 dtex each were twisted.
  • antistatic multifilament yarns 5 were twisted three times, i.e. three antistatic multifilament yarns 5 with 156 dtex each were twisted into one of the threads 16 of every second braid (alternating with a PES thread and a UHMWPE thread).
  • V1 V2 V3 Antistatic multifilament yarns ---- Twisted twice Twisted 3 times Number of lichens 32 32 32 16 braids in S direction No lichen with anti-static multifilament yarn Every other braid (i.e. 8 braids) with antistatic multifilament yarn Every other braid (i.e.
  • test ropes V1, V2, V3 were tested to determine their antistatic effect after different wear times. Since it is particularly relevant whether the test ropes V1, V2, V3 also have a sufficient antistatic effect at the end of their service life, the antistatic effect was determined after 800 full load cycles, 1200 full load cycles and 1600 full load cycles, corresponding to an equivalent crane use of 4 years, 6 years or 8 years, whereby the service life of the test ropes V1, V2, V3 is 8 years, determined according to Chapter 6.3.3. the ISO TS 23624:2021.
  • the antistatic effect determined via the potential difference measured in V, was measured at a temperature between 15 ° C and 25 ° C, at a relative humidity between 30% and 40% at a distance of 10 cm from the rope 3.
  • the measuring device had a measuring range that ends at 20 kV.
  • To charge the rope electrostatically five cycles were carried out without a payload on the ungrounded bottom block with a load hook, whereby these cycles are the same as the full load cycles mentioned for determining the service life in accordance with Chapter 6.3.3.
  • ISO TS 23624:2021 was carried out, i.e. the same or an identical lower block was used to determine the service life and electrostatic charge. This method of inducing and determining electrostatic charging can be used for all embodiments described herein.
  • both test ropes V2, V3 have a significantly better antistatic effect compared to test rope V1, in which no antistatic multifilament yarns 5 were incorporated. From the comparison of the results of the test ropes V2, V3 it can also be seen that the third test rope V3 has a significantly better antistatic effect at 1200 full load cycles. It is therefore particularly preferred if the proportion of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the proportion of the antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath 7 is at least 2.1% or essentially 2.1%, in the case of a rope 3 up to a point in time shortly before reaching to achieve an excellent antistatic effect over the service life.
  • the proportion of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the proportion of the antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath 7 is at least 3% or essentially 3%, in the case of a rope 3 with a service life of 8 years to achieve an excellent antistatic effect when the service life is reached.
  • the invention can also be used for ropes 3 that have significantly shorter service lives or are exposed to less stress in other areas of application.
  • the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath 7 can also be chosen to be significantly lower than stated above. In general, it is therefore preferred if the proportion of antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the sheath 7 is between 0.1% and 25%, preferably between 0.2% and 10%, particularly preferably between 0.5% and is 5%.
  • a single antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or a single antistatic monofilament is twisted with a single thread 16 of a single braid 15a, 15b or is provided instead of this thread 16, regardless of the specific structure of the sheath 7.
  • the intermediate sheath 8 optionally provided between the rope core 6 and the sheath 7 is also a braid and can therefore have a braided structure, as described above for the casing 7. It can therefore be provided that - instead of or in addition to the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 in the sheath - at least one antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or at least one antistatic monofilament in the structure described above for the sheath 7 (ie the structure of the braid with braiding, twisting and with these twisted antistatic multifilament yarns 5) are provided in the intermediate jacket 8.
  • the proportion of the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or the proportion of the antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the intermediate sheath 8 is between 0.1% and 25%, preferably between 0.2% and 10%, particularly preferably between 0.5% and is 5%.
  • a single antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or a single antistatic monofilament can be twisted with a single thread of a single braid of the intermediate jacket 8 or can be provided instead of this thread, regardless of the specific structure of the intermediate jacket 8.
  • the proportion of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or the proportion of antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the reinforcement can also be chosen to be higher than above for the casing 7 or the intermediate casing 8 was described because the reinforcement is designed to be non-covering.
  • the proportion of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments in the total titer of the reinforcement is 100%, i.e. the reinforcement consists only of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments.
  • the reinforcement consists only of high-strength or non-high-strength threads that have been twisted with the antistatic multifilament yarns 5.
  • the reinforcement can be designed as a grid which, for example, has a mesh size of between 5 mm and 20 mm, particularly preferably essentially 10 mm.
  • the reinforcement could also be formed by standing threads that lie essentially parallel to the direction of the rope.
  • one or more antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments could also be present in the rope core 6. If the rope core 6 is designed in multiple layers, such as in Figure 2 shown, is preferred if the at least one antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or the at least one antistatic monofilament is only present in the outermost core layer 11. As a result, the antistatic multifilament yarn 5 or the antistatic monofilament lies as close as possible to the rope surface. This effect can be further enhanced if the casing 7 is chosen to be thin.
  • the rope core 6 is usually made of high strength and therefore preferably consists of p-aramid fibers, m-aramid fibers, LCP fibers, UHMWPE fibers or PBO fibers, optionally with the addition of the antistatic multifilament yarns 5 or antistatic monofilaments.
  • the rope core could also consist of or include non-high-strength fibers.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
EP22194821.9A 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Câble à âme et gaine antistatique Pending EP4335953A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22194821.9A EP4335953A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Câble à âme et gaine antistatique
EP23192312.9A EP4339340A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2023-08-21 Câble à âme et gaine antistatique
KR1020230118480A KR20240035719A (ko) 2022-09-09 2023-09-06 정전기 방지 커버-코어-로프
US18/244,501 US20240084505A1 (en) 2022-09-09 2023-09-11 Antistatic cover-core-rope

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803453A (en) 1972-07-21 1974-04-09 Du Pont Synthetic filament having antistatic properties
JPH01207483A (ja) 1988-02-13 1989-08-21 Watabe Kogyo Kk 作業用ロープ
US5202185A (en) 1989-05-22 1993-04-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Sheath-core spinning of multilobal conductive core filaments
EP2434050A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2012-03-28 Geo. Gleistein&Sohn GmbH Corde comportant un capteur
WO2012042576A1 (fr) 2010-10-01 2012-04-05 高木綱業株式会社 Câble électroconducteur
EP3392404A1 (fr) * 2017-04-20 2018-10-24 Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH Câble en fibres à hautes performances pour engins de levage comme grue

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803453A (en) 1972-07-21 1974-04-09 Du Pont Synthetic filament having antistatic properties
JPH01207483A (ja) 1988-02-13 1989-08-21 Watabe Kogyo Kk 作業用ロープ
US5202185A (en) 1989-05-22 1993-04-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Sheath-core spinning of multilobal conductive core filaments
EP2434050A1 (fr) * 2010-09-23 2012-03-28 Geo. Gleistein&Sohn GmbH Corde comportant un capteur
WO2012042576A1 (fr) 2010-10-01 2012-04-05 高木綱業株式会社 Câble électroconducteur
EP3392404A1 (fr) * 2017-04-20 2018-10-24 Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH Câble en fibres à hautes performances pour engins de levage comme grue

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "nega-stat - barnet", 20 June 2022 (2022-06-20), XP093024453, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.barnet.com/products/nega-stat/> [retrieved on 20230216] *

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