EP2434050B1 - Corde comportant un capteur - Google Patents

Corde comportant un capteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2434050B1
EP2434050B1 EP11007787.2A EP11007787A EP2434050B1 EP 2434050 B1 EP2434050 B1 EP 2434050B1 EP 11007787 A EP11007787 A EP 11007787A EP 2434050 B1 EP2434050 B1 EP 2434050B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rope
sensor module
strand
sensor
elongation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11007787.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2434050A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Schlätzer
Christian Dr. Berthold
Michael Dipl.-Ing. Jungnickel
Eckehart Dipl.-Phys. Schirmer
Christoph Rickerl
Werner Karl Prof. Dr. Schomburg
Thomas Gerhard Prof. Dr. Gries
Melanie Wipfler
Tassi Giannikopoulos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Geo Gleistein&Sohn GmbH
Original Assignee
Geo Gleistein&Sohn GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geo Gleistein&Sohn GmbH filed Critical Geo Gleistein&Sohn GmbH
Publication of EP2434050A1 publication Critical patent/EP2434050A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2434050B1 publication Critical patent/EP2434050B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/04—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics with a core of fibres or filaments arranged parallel to the centre line
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/102—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure including a core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1096—Rope or cable structures braided
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
    • D07B2201/2055—Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers
    • D07B2201/2056—Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers arranged parallel to the axis
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures

Definitions

  • rope Textile ropes, tapes, cords, cords, etc., in particular of chemical or natural fibers or wire strands or a combination thereof, referred to in the context of the invention as "rope", find in numerous applications in lifting and securing loads, loads or persons, as a ship's leash, in the industrial sector or in sports applications, with a failure evident z. T. can have serious consequences.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a rope that is inexpensive to produce and allows reliable detection of stress, strain and disruption.
  • a third sensor module is connected to the rope such that it is also stretched upon stretching of the rope without shifting or slipping relative to the rope, which would interfere with the detection of the elongation of the rope.
  • the sensor module extends from a first end to a second end, i. practically the full length of the rope.
  • the sensor module is provided on at least one of its ends, in particular on one end of the cable, more particularly on an end face of the rope, with an externally accessible contact element.
  • This may be an externally contactable portion of the sensor module or attached to the sensor module contacts, plugs, sockets or the like.
  • the sensor module is connected at one of its ends to measuring electronics which can be interrogated from the outside in an electrically contacting or contactless manner.
  • the measuring electronics may for example be embedded in the cable or attached externally thereto, and they may be provided with contacts, via which they can be supplied with operating current and data can be read out.
  • a contactless power and data transmission can be provided.
  • several, for example, three or four independent sensor modules may be present, which may be arranged parallel to each other, and (in the case of four sensor modules) may be connected in the manner of a Wheatstone bridge for the purpose of compensating different temperatures of the individual sensor modules ,
  • the sensor yarn is conductive metal wire or a conductive, especially with metal such as silver, coated mono- or multifilament tape or yarn of polyamide, polyethylene or other thermoplastic or other, especially high-strength or highly modular polymeric material.
  • conductive particles may be incorporated in the polymeric material or substrate (eg, polyamide), or the conductive coating may include conductive particles in, for example, a polymeric base material.
  • the cable has a plurality of sensor modules with different breaking strains.
  • two, three, four, five or more sensor modules may be provided, each with different breaking elongations, the breakage of which occurs successively as the load on the rope increases and allows conclusions to be drawn about the maximum load that has occurred.
  • At least one sensor yarn with a covering, wrapping or braiding made of a non-conductive yarn material.
  • at least one sensor module has a sensor yarn that is coated with a thermoplastic material.
  • the invention preferably provides that at least one sensor module is arranged centrally in a core of the rope as standing thread running along a longitudinal axis of the rope.
  • At least one sensor module is arranged as a parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rope extending filament.
  • At least one sensor module is arranged centrally in a core or sheath strand of the rope as a standing thread, wherein the core or sheath strand as Whole braided or beaten and runs the sensor module with the core or sheath strand.
  • Core or sheath strand of the rope is arranged gefacht, wherein the core or sheath braid is braided or beaten as a whole and / or in and runs along the sensor module with the core or sheath strand.
  • At least one sensor module is arranged with a rounded core or sheath strand, wherein the core strand and / or the sheath strand is braided or beaten as a whole and / or and the sensor module runs along with the core or sheath strand.
  • At least two sensor modules are arranged one above another at crossover points around a core or sheath strand, wherein at least one sensor module has a shatterable, electrically insulating coating, sheathing, braiding, disposition, re-whirling or braiding.
  • the invention provides that at least one sensor module breaks at an elongation of the rope that exceeds 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30% or 20% of the elongation at break of the rope is.
  • At least one sensor module is plastically deformed at an elongation of the rope which is above 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% of the elongation at break of the rope becomes. Due to the plastic deformation of the sensor module, which occurs only above a predetermined elongation of the rope, a permanent deformation and thus a permanent change in the electrical Resistance behavior of the affected sensor module achieved, which allows a conclusion on the actually occurred maximum elongation or load of the rope.
  • ropes such as ropes
  • ropes are examples of possible uses of the invention in many different rope constructions with different strand numbers, with twisted or twisted ropes as simple round braids with, for example, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16 strands are possible as Kernmantelseile with core braids, for example. 8 , 12 or 16 strands and a jacket with 16, 20, 24, 32 or 48 strands or parallel core filaments which are bundled and protected with a sheath braid.
  • a strand may consist of parallel filaments, of one or more yarns or of one or more twines or of a combination of yarns and twists.
  • a strand can be formed in many ways.
  • a strand may consist of a ribbon or monofilament, or be in the form of a yarn or twine, which may be formed from one or more raw materials and in one or the other direction of rotation or impact (so-called “S” or “Z") "Direction of impact).
  • multiple tapes, yarns or threads, which may in turn consist of one or more raw materials may not be rotated, i. H. lying parallel, and together form a strand.
  • several tapes, yarns or threads may be twisted (S or Z) and made of one or more raw materials.
  • a combination of one or more tapes and / or one or more yarns and / or one or more twines is possible, which are not arranged in a parallel or lying parallel (for example, ribbon, yarn and twine, yarn and twine, ribbon and yarn or Ribbon and thread).
  • a rotation (S) or (Z) of a plurality of the constituent band, yarn or twist is possible.
  • Fig. 2 two further arrangements in which a sensor module 8 parallel to a core strand 6 plied (C) or parallel to a sheath strand 4 gefacht (D) is arranged and thus runs along with the respective strand.
  • the sensor module thus follows only the course of the respective strand as a whole, ie its braided or beaten course, at a distance from the respective longitudinal axis of the strand.
  • Fig. 3 shows arrangements in which a sensor module 8 with embedded in a core strand 6 (A) or a sheath strand 4 (B) is laid. Similar to the arrangements C and D in Fig. 2 The sensor module 8 follows the braiding or impact direction of the respective strand as a whole, but additionally has a superimposed helical course along the outer circumference of the respective strand.
  • a sensor module may be incorporated or integrated in a strand component, for example in a yarn or a twist of a strand, not just rounded into the strand as a whole.
  • the sensor module 8 is frictionally prevented by the core strand 6 and / or with the jacket 4 or by an additional connection such as gluing or melting in a relative movement with respect to core, core strand, sheath and / or sheath strand, so that it moves along with an elongation of the rope and does not shift, shift or shift relative to or in part.
  • Fig. 4a to c explain various cable and sensor loading arrangements in addition to Fig. 3 , where A is the arrangement of one or more sensor modules is indicated in each case as a strand and the respective sensor module extends in the longitudinal direction of the rope and has no rotation, helical arrangement o. ⁇ .
  • Fig. 4c Stehfaden in the center of the rope
  • Fig. 4a Leave something outside the center
  • Fig. 4b Stehfaden in a sheath cord).
  • B the arrangement of sensor modules is indicated as a filament in a strand, which in turn one to a rope or within the rope braided ( Fig. 4b ) or beaten ( Fig.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a variant in which two sensor modules 8 are arranged as a disruption sensor or for detecting a Zerrüttungsbelastung a rope.
  • the sensor modules are oppositely helical or helically arranged around a strand, which is preferably a core strand.
  • One of the sensor modules or both are electrically non-conductive coated, wrapped, wound, braided or the like, so that when new no electrically conductive contact, but only after a certain period of use or service life of the rope, during the expansion and bending cycles on act on the rope and bring a relative movement of the sensor modules at the crossover points with it.
  • the sensor module 8 comprises a single metallic, electrically conductive wire or a single filament of plastic material which is coated in an electrically conductive manner, for example with a thin copper or silver layer.
  • the sensor module 8 may consist of a multifilament yarn, of which at least one or some filaments are coated in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the base material of the sensor module may be, for example, a polyamide, such as polyamide 6 or polyamide 6.6, or polyethylene.
  • the filaments of the sensor module each have a conductive, in particular metallic layer, which is applied in the form of a closed film.
  • a silver layer has a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m with a filament thickness of, for example, 25 ⁇ m.
  • the sensor modules shown include at least one filament, and preferably a multifilament yarn, which may be, for example, a yarn 235dtex2plyHC34f.
  • Fig. 6 exemplifies force and resistance curves of such a yarn in a strain range to the maximum tensile force of the sensor yarn, wherein the sensor yarn shows a reproducible increase in electrical resistance with the elongation similar to a strain gauge.
  • Non-conductive coatings or wraps of yarn materials may be disposed on or about such a sensor yarn, for example to accommodate a desired force-strain behavior, to protect the interior conductive sensor yarn during processing and use of the rope, and to affect the force input from the rope into the rope sensor module.
  • the fiber cladding which is placed around the electrically conductive sensor yarn, is characterized by abrasion on other yarns, for example, between the core and sheath of a rope Fig. 4 , shattered. This property can be used to detect abrasion of the rope.
  • a sensor yarn can be coated with a thermoplastic plastic layer, which changes the force-elongation behavior of the sensor yarn depending on the thickness and material.
  • the plastic sheath protects the sensor yarn in addition to protection during processing and use against environmental or moisture influences with a suitable choice of materials. Due to the increased friction coefficient compared to a metallic coating, an improved frictional engagement between the plastic sheath and the rope is achieved and thus the slip or displacement tendency of the sensor module with respect to the rope is reduced.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane thermoplastic polyurethane
  • PVC polyurethane
  • a plastic coating can be applied in different layer thicknesses and Shore degrees of hardness.
  • the ends of the sensor module can be fused to the rope, whereby the penetration of moisture to the conductive coating of the sensor module is difficult or prevented.
  • a suitable contact, plug unit or the like provided in order to contact the sensor module electrically.
  • An evaluation determination of a crack of a sensor yarn in a sensor module and, if necessary, its localization, resistance measurement with or without load
  • a suitable alternating voltage to the sensor module from one or both ends, for example with a frequency between 100 Hz and 20 kHz, with basically any pulse shape, such as sinusoidal, triangular or rectangular.
  • a break point of the sensor module can then be detected in a contactless manner in a manner known per se.
  • each sensor module can be acted upon with a different frequency, so that different break points can be detected in the course of a single measurement.
  • a first sensor module is designed so that it ruptures at 30% of the permissible breaking elongation of the rope
  • a third sensor module breaks at 90% of the allowable breaking elongation of the rope. It can then be detected whether the rope was subjected to a maximum elongation of over 30%, over 60% or over 90% of its maximum elongation at break. For example, a rupture of the sensor module that ruptures at elongation of the rope of 60% of its breaking elongation indicates that the rope has been subjected to elongation of at least 60% of its elongation at break.
  • a sensor yarn or module in such a way that it is plastically deformed with increasing elongation of the rope not only elastically, but from a certain elongation, so that a permanent, non-reversible deformation of the sensor yarn and thus measurable even after load decrease , permanent change in resistance of the sensor yarn can be detected.
  • a sensor yarn may be installed and adjusted to be plastically deformed as the rope elongates beyond 10% or 20% of the elongation at break of the rope.
  • the degree of plastic or permanent deformation depends on the extent of the elongation exceeding the said minimum elongation of (about 10% or 20%), and thus allows a conclusion to the maximum elongation of the rope, which was subjected to this.

Landscapes

  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Corde (2) avec au moins un premier et un deuxième module capteur (8) devant détecter au moins les charges de désagrégation et éventuellement les charges d'allongement, où chaque module capteur (8) présente au moins un organe détecteur électriquement conducteur caractérisée en ce que le premier et le deuxième module capteur (8) sont disposés par chevauchement l'un par rapport à l'autre en des sites de croisement autour d'un toron central ou d'un toron périphérique (6, 4), où au moins un des modules capteurs (8) présente une gaine, une enveloppe, un tressage, un enrubannage ou un guipage électriquement isolant(e), apte à se désagréger de telle sorte que la désagrégation de la gaine, de l'enveloppe, du tressage, de l'enrubannage ou du guipage électriquement isolant(e), apte à se désagréger, en un des sites de croisement provoque un contact électrique.
  2. Corde (2) selon la revendication 1, où la corde (2) présente au moins un module capteur tiers (8) devant détecter les charges d'allongement, le module capteur tiers (8) étant relié à la corde (2) de telle sorte qu'il soit également étiré lors d'un allongement de la corde (2) sans décalage ni glissement par rapport à la corde (2).
  3. Corde (2) selon la revendication 2, où la corde (2) présente deux, trois, quatre, cinq modules capteurs tiers (8) ou plus pour détecter les charges d'allongement avec respectivement divers indices d'allongement à la rupture, les modules capteurs tiers (8) étant respectivement reliés à la corde (2) de telle sorte qu'ils soient également étirés lors d'un allongement de la corde (2) sans décalage ni glissement par rapport à la corde (2).
  4. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) présente un organe détecteur revêtu d'un gainage thermoplastique.
  5. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) est disposé de façon centrale dans une âme de la corde (2) en tant que fil fixe suivant l'axe longitudinal de la corde (2).
  6. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) est disposé en tant que fil fixe parallèle à un axe longitudinal de la corde (2).
  7. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) est disposé de façon centrale dans un toron central ou un toron périphérique (6,4) de la corde (2), le toron central ou le toron périphérique (6,4) étant entièrement tressé ou tamponné et le module capteur tiers (8) étant solidaire du toron central ou du toron périphérique (6,4).
  8. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) est disposé tordu parallèlement à un toron central ou un toron périphérique (6,4), le toron central ou le toron périphérique (6,4) étant tressé ou tamponné dans son entier ou de façon interne et le module capteur tiers (8) étant solidaire du toron central (6,4).
  9. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) est disposé arrondi dans un toron central ou un toron périphérique (6,4), le toron central (6) et/ou le toron périphérique (4) étant tressé ou tamponné dans son entier et/ou de façon interne et le module capteur tiers (8) étant solidaire du toron central ou du toron périphérique (6,4).
  10. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) se casse lors d'un allongement de la corde (2) qui dépasse les 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30% ou 20% de l'allongement à la rupture de la corde (2).
  11. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un module capteur tiers (8) est plastiquement déformé lors d'un allongement de la corde (2) qui dépasse les 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% ou 90% de l'allongement à la rupture de la corde.
  12. Corde (2) selon une des revendications 2 à 11, caractérisée en ce que quatre modules capteurs tiers indépendants (8) sont disponibles et couplés à l'instar d'un pont de mesure Wheatstone.
  13. Corde (2) selon une des revendications suscitées, caractérisée en ce que chaque module capteur (8) s'étend d'une première extrémité à une seconde extrémité de la corde (2).
  14. Corde (2) selon une des revendications suscitées, caractérisée en ce que chaque module capteur (8) est muni en au moins une de ses extrémités, notamment à une extrémité de la corde (2), particulièrement sur une face avant de la corde, de contacts accessibles de l'extérieur.
  15. Corde (2) selon une des revendications suscitées, caractérisée en ce que chaque module capteur (8) est relié en au moins une de ses extrémités à un dispositif électronique de mesure, consultable de l'extérieur par branchement électrique ou sans contact.
  16. Corde (2) selon une des revendications suscitées, caractérisée en ce que l'organe détecteur est un fil métallique conducteur ou un mono-filament ou un filament multiple conducteur en matériau polymère notamment gainé de métal tel que par exemple de l'argent et/ou est intégré dans les particules conductrices du matériau polymère.
EP11007787.2A 2010-09-23 2011-09-23 Corde comportant un capteur Active EP2434050B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202010013519U DE202010013519U1 (de) 2010-09-23 2010-09-23 Seil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2434050A1 EP2434050A1 (fr) 2012-03-28
EP2434050B1 true EP2434050B1 (fr) 2015-09-09

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3365492B1 (fr) * 2015-10-21 2023-07-05 Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH Câble de fibre à haute résistance pour engins de levage tels que des grues

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EP2434050A1 (fr) 2012-03-28
DE202010013519U1 (de) 2010-11-25

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