EP4311879A1 - Method for launching a bridge superstructure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for retracting a bridge superstructure (12) to complete a bridge structure (2), characterized by the steps: - Creating a temporary auxiliary bridge structure (6) in the area of the bridge structure (2) to be completed for temporarily bridging the bridge structure (2) to be completed completing the bridge structure (2) to be spanned, - arrangement of a prefabricated bridge superstructure (12) on a transport device (14), transport of the bridge superstructure (12) with the transport device (14) onto the auxiliary bridge structure (6) and positioning of the bridge superstructure (12) relatively to bridge abutments (4) of the bridge structure (2) to be completed, - reloading the bridge superstructure (12) using a lifting device (22), - removing the transport device from the bridge area, - removing the temporary auxiliary bridge structure (6), - lowering the bridge superstructure (12 ) onto the bridge abutment (4) using the lifting device (22).

Description

The present application relates to a method for retracting a bridge superstructure to complete a bridge structure.

Various methods for creating or replacing bridge structures are known from the prior art. In one of the known methods, the superstructure of the bridge structure to be completed or the bridge to be replaced is erected on a construction site that is located adjacent to the bridge structure and a route to be spanned by the bridge structure. The bridge superstructure is moved from this construction site over the route to be spanned by the bridge structure into the area of the bridge structure to be completed, lifted and placed on the abutment of the bridge structure.

A major disadvantage of the process is that for each bridge structure to be completed in this way, a separate construction site must be set up in the immediate vicinity for the construction of the bridge superstructure.

From the DD 288 514 A7 Another method is known with which bridge superstructures can be assembled. However, this method is only suitable for multi-span bridges. The individual components of the multi-span bridge are moved using rail-guided rolling structures and lowering structures in the manner of a gantry crane. The lowering structures are on abutments or pillars arranged on the multi-span bridge. This makes the process relatively complex and limited to bridge superstructures with a relatively low weight and relatively small size.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for retracting a bridge superstructure to complete a bridge structure, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1. According to the method according to the invention, a temporary auxiliary bridge structure is created in the area of the bridge structure to be completed for temporarily bridging the area to be spanned by the bridge structure to be completed. In particular, the auxiliary bridge structure spans the entire area to be spanned by the bridge structure to be completed. The bridge structure is preferably designed as a single-span bridge. The bridge superstructure is preferably designed as a solid bridge superstructure, in particular as a reinforced concrete bridge superstructure. The bridge structure can be completed in particular by retracting a single bridge superstructure. The process is therefore particularly efficient.

The prefabricated bridge superstructure is arranged on a transport device, which preferably comprises at least one vehicle, particularly preferably at least one so-called SPMT (Self Propelled Modular Transporter). The transport device can alternatively, be designed as at least one displacement device. In particular, the prefabricated bridge superstructure is taken over by the transport facility on a construction site. The bridge superstructure is transported onto the auxiliary bridge structure using the transport device and positioned there relative to the bridge supports of the bridge structure to be completed. In particular, the bridge superstructure with the transport device can be positioned relative to the abutments in a plane parallel to the route leading over the bridge structure, both in the longitudinal direction of the bridge superstructure and in the transverse direction of the bridge superstructure. The transport device is preferably also designed to be movable in the transverse direction of the bridge superstructure, for which purpose it in particular comprises a steering unit. This means that a transverse offset between the abutments and the bridge superstructure can be easily compensated for and complex rail guides can be dispensed with.

The bridge superstructure is reloaded using a lifting device so that the transport device can then be removed from the bridge area. The reloading of the bridge superstructure can be done by lifting the bridge superstructure using the lifting device or by lowering the bridge superstructure using the transport device. The lifting device is preferably arranged at the same height as the lower track leading under the bridge structure to be completed, and in particular next to it. Advantageously, the bridge superstructure rests at least indirectly on the lifting device after the load has been transferred. In particular, the bridge superstructure lies with its after the load has been reloaded The underside facing the lower travel path is at least indirectly on the upper side of the lifting device facing away from the lower travel path. This means that the weight of the bridge superstructure can be advantageously transferred via the lower guideway or a subsurface next to the lower guideway without putting additional strain on the abutments. In addition, the design and dimensioning of the lifting device is independent of the abutments. This means that there is no need for gantry cranes, which are not suitable for relatively large and heavy bridge superstructures due to their limited load capacity. A bridge superstructure with a width that is greater than the width of the abutments can also be retracted.

The lifting device includes in particular several lifting elements. The lifting device, in particular each lifting element, is preferably designed as a press system, particularly preferably as a so-called “cube jack system”. The lifting device can therefore, for example, have a load capacity of 2500 tons and can lift or lower comparatively large and heavy bridge superstructures, in particular reinforced concrete bridge superstructures.

Furthermore, the temporary auxiliary bridge structure will be removed or dismantled. After removing the transport device and the auxiliary bridge structure from the bridge area, the bridge superstructure can be lowered onto the bridge abutment of the bridge structure to be completed using the lifting device.

The method according to the invention offers great advantages in larger construction projects that involve renewing or replacing several bridge structures. A typical application is the renewal or expansion of motorway sections. On such construction projects, which typically span several kilometers to several dozen kilometers, numerous bridge structures will regularly have to be renewed or replaced. The largest proportion of bridge structures is made up of so-called single-span bridges, which can be completed particularly easily using the method according to the invention by inserting a bridge superstructure. In particular, single-span bridges with comparatively large bridge superstructures with a width of approximately 16 to 24 meters can be completed with the method according to the invention.

Since the bridge superstructures of several bridge structures can be built together on a central construction site or a few central construction sites, costs for the setup and infrastructure of the individual construction sites that would otherwise be required can be saved. In addition, the load on the typically smaller routes that run under the bridge structures to be renewed or completed, where the respective construction sites would otherwise have been built, is reduced.

The method preferably includes a further step of creating a bridge superstructure. The bridge superstructure is particularly preferably constructed at the height level of the bridge structure to be completed route. In this case, the bridge superstructure can be transported to the bridge structure to be completed using the transport device on the route leading over the bridge structure to be completed. This means that cost-effective transport of the bridge superstructure can be achieved, particularly in the case of the motorway.

The method allows the use of central construction sites for the construction of the required bridge superstructures at the level of the highway, from which a bridge superstructure can be transported by means of the transport device over the highway to be processed to the temporary auxiliary bridge structure created in the area of the bridge structure to be completed. For example, existing motorway rest areas can be converted into corresponding central construction areas. It is no longer necessary to set up a separate construction site for each bridge structure to erect the bridge superstructure. The number of such construction sites for erecting bridge superstructures can be reduced. A motorway to be worked on provides a simple and comfortable transport route with sufficient width and a straight course so that the prefabricated bridge superstructures can be transported easily and cost-effectively via the motorway.

The method preferably includes the further steps of removing an existing old bridge superstructure and at least partially renewing or constructing it a bridge substructure, especially the bridge abutments. When the route leading over a bridge structure is widened, the bridge substructure is completely replaced by a wider version.

The method is particularly suitable for replacing bridge structures, since in this case there is typically already a route that leads over the bridge structure to be replaced and which can be used to transport the bridge superstructure using the transport device.

Preferably, the method includes the further steps of creating temporary auxiliary abutments for the auxiliary bridge construction and removing the auxiliary abutments. Particularly preferably, the temporary auxiliary abutments for the auxiliary bridge construction are erected next to a route leading under the bridge structure to be completed in such a way that they have as little impact as possible on the route leading under the bridge structure to be completed. In this further development, a route leading under the bridge structure to be completed is only slightly affected. The bridge structure can be completed or renewed with only short closure times for this route. The temporary auxiliary abutments will then be completely dismantled.

Cross beams arranged under the bridge superstructure are preferably used, on or with which the bridge superstructure is placed on the transport device.

The load of the bridge superstructure can be distributed more evenly across, in particular, several lifting elements of the lifting device via cross beams. The lifting device for transferring loads and lowering the bridge superstructure is brought into contact with the cross beams. The use of such cross members makes it easier to carry out the process. A bridge superstructure, which has bridge superstructure connections protruding downwards in the direction of the bridge abutments and thus during transport on the transport device, can be placed on such cross beams on the transport device without the bridge superstructure connections hindering this or being damaged in the process. For this purpose, the cross beams have a height that is greater than the length of the protruding connecting reinforcements. Other, but preferably the same, cross beams are designed in such a way that when the bridge structure is arranged on the transport device, they are arranged to protrude in the lateral direction relative to the transport device. A lifting device, preferably arranged in the area of the bridge structure to be completed below the track leading over the bridge structure, can easily take over and reload the bridge superstructure transported on the transport device into the area of the bridge structure to be completed by means of the protruding cross beams. The transport device can then simply be removed from the area of the bridge structure to be completed.

Fig. 1A + Fig. 1B

die Errichtung einer temporären Hilfsbrückenkonstruktion im Bereich des zu vervollständigenden Brückenbauwerks;

Fig. 2A + Fig. 2B

den Transport des vorgefertigten Brückenüberbaus mit einer Transporteinrichtung auf die Hilfsbrückenkonstruktion;

Fig. 3A + Fig. 3B

ein Anheben des Brückenüberbaus mittels einer Hebeeinrichtung;

Fig. 4A + Fig. 4B

das Entfernen der temporären Hilfsbrückenkonstruktion bei mittels der Hebeeinrichtung angehobenem Brückenüberbau;

Fig. 5A + Fig. 5B

den von der Hebeeinrichtung angehobenen Brückenüberbau bei aus dem Brückenbereich entfernter Transporteinrichtung und entfernter Hilfsbrückenkonstruktion;

Fig. 6A + Fig. 6B

das Brückenbauwerk mit auf die Brückenwiderlager abgesenktem Brückenüberbau.

Further advantages of the invention can be found in the following exemplary embodiments. Show it

Fig. 1A + Fig. 1B

the construction of a temporary auxiliary bridge structure in the area of the bridge structure to be completed;

Fig. 2A + Fig. 2B

transporting the prefabricated bridge superstructure onto the auxiliary bridge structure using a transport device;

Fig. 3A + Fig. 3B

lifting the bridge superstructure by means of a lifting device;

Fig. 4A + Fig. 4B

the removal of the temporary auxiliary bridge structure when the bridge superstructure is raised using the lifting device;

Fig. 5A + Fig. 5B

the bridge superstructure raised by the lifting device with the transport device and auxiliary bridge structure removed from the bridge area;

Fig. 6A + Fig. 6B

the bridge structure with the bridge superstructure lowered onto the bridge abutments.

A variant is marked with A in which the bridge structure is designed as a supported single-span girder. A variant with a bridge structure designed as a frame structure is marked with B.

Fig. 1A or. Fig. 1B each show a bridge structure 2 to be completed with a bridge substructure comprising two bridge abutments 4. A temporary auxiliary bridge structure 6 is created in the area of the bridge structure 2 to be completed. The auxiliary bridge structure 6 includes two temporary auxiliary abutments 8, which are arranged on both sides of a lower travel path U adjacent to the bridge abutments 4, so that the lower travel path U is not or only slightly affected by the auxiliary bridge construction 6. At least one auxiliary roadway 10 is placed on the temporary auxiliary abutments 8. In the exemplary embodiments according to Fig. 1A or. Fig. 1B This is done by a truck crane K. The auxiliary carriageway 10 rests on the two auxiliary abutments 8. It extends over the auxiliary abutment 8 into the area of an upper track O, on which it also rests. The auxiliary roadway 10 spans the entire area to be spanned by the bridge structure 2 to be completed. The temporary auxiliary bridge construction 6 forms a type of three-span bridge.

In the procedural step after Fig. 2A or. Fig. 2B a prefabricated bridge superstructure 12, which is arranged on a transport device 14, is transported by the transport device 14 onto the temporary auxiliary bridge structure 6. The auxiliary bridge structure 6 can include several auxiliary lanes 10. In the case of an auxiliary bridge structure 6 comprising several auxiliary lanes 10 and a transport device 14 comprising several vehicles, in particular SPMTs, in particular one vehicle is arranged on each of the auxiliary lanes 10. However, several vehicles can also be arranged on the same auxiliary lane be. The vehicles are coupled to one another in particular for synchronous transport. The prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 is aligned with the transport device 14 to the bridge abutments 4 of the bridge structure 2 to be completed.

The bridge abutments 4 have bridge abutment connections 16, which in variant A are designed as bridge abutment connection bearings and in variant B as bridge abutment connection reinforcements. The prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 has bridge superstructure connections 18, which in variant A are designed as bridge superstructure connection bearings and in variant B as bridge superstructure connection reinforcements, which each protrude downwards from the prefabricated bridge superstructure 12. The bridge superstructure 12 is arranged on the transport device 14 via two cross beams 20. This ensures that the bridge superstructure connections 18 are not damaged. The cross members 20 protrude from the transport device 14. A lifting device 22, which in the present case is arranged below the upper guideway O in the area of the bridge structure 2 to be completed and next to a lower guideway U leading under the bridge structure 2 to be completed, can be brought into contact with the parts of the cross beams 20 which protrude relative to the transport device 14 and the prefabricated bridge superstructure 20 can be reloaded by the transport device 14 by lifting it. This is in Fig. 3A or. Fig. 3B shown. Alternatively, the prefabricated bridge superstructure 20 can be lowered by lowering the transport device 14 to be reloaded. The lifting device 22 can include several lifting elements. The lifting device 22 is preferably designed as a press system, particularly preferably as a so-called “cube jack system”.

The transport device 14 is then removed from the area of the bridge structure 2 to be completed. The temporary auxiliary bridge structure 6 with the temporary auxiliary abutments 8 is dismantled under the prefabricated bridge superstructure 12, which is reloaded via the lifting device 22 and raised in the present case. The auxiliary roadway 10 is removed laterally using a mobile crane K, as in Fig. 4A or. Fig. 4B shown. When dismantling the auxiliary bridge structure, movable temporary auxiliary abutments 8 can be helpful, as in Fig. 4A or. Fig. 4B shown.

Fig. 5A or. Fig. 5B each show the method after the transport device 14 and the temporary auxiliary bridge structure 6 have been removed from the area of the bridge structure 2 to be completed. The prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 is raised by the lifting device 22 and can now be lowered onto the bridge abutment 4 in order to complete the bridge structure 2. Fig. 6A or. Fig. 6B show the completed bridge structure 2 with the bridge superstructure 12 placed on the bridge abutments 4.

The lifting device 22 can then be removed from the area of the bridge structure 2 and the bridge superstructure 12 can be connected to the upper route O or the upper route O can be completed.

The method shown in the exemplary embodiments only slightly affects the lower travel path U. The upper route O can be used particularly easily to transport the prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 with the transport device 14, particularly if it is a motorway section. The transport device 14 is preferably at least one, particularly preferably two, so-called SPMTs (Self Propelled Modular Transporters). By adjusting the height of the axes of the transport device 14, this or these enable the prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 to be moved to the auxiliary bridge structure 6 with a more or less constant height and horizontal alignment. The risk of damage to the prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 is reduced.

The use of the upper guideway O for transporting the prefabricated bridge superstructure 12 allows a central construction site to be used for the production of prefabricated bridge superstructures for several bridge structures 2 to be completed. The effort required to set up and operate such a construction site is reduced compared to using individual construction sites for each bridge structure. The completed bridge structure 2 can be used to transport further prefabricated bridge superstructures 12 from the construction site to the respective bridge structure to be completed further away from the central construction site via the upper guideway O.

Claims (5)

Method for retracting a bridge superstructure (12) to complete a bridge structure (2), characterized by the steps: - Creating a temporary auxiliary bridge structure (6) in the area of the bridge structure (2) to be completed for temporarily bridging the area to be spanned by the bridge structure (2) to be completed, - Arranging a prefabricated bridge superstructure (12) on a transport device (14), transporting the bridge superstructure (12) with the transport device (14) onto the auxiliary bridge structure (6) and positioning the bridge superstructure (12) relative to bridge abutments (4) of the bridge structure to be completed (2), - reloading the bridge superstructure (12) by means of a lifting device (22), - Removing the transport device from the bridge area, - Removing the temporary auxiliary bridge structure (6), - Lowering the bridge superstructure (12) onto the bridge abutment (4) using the lifting device (22). Method according to claim 1, characterized by the further step: - Creation of a bridge superstructure (12), in particular at the level of the upper route O leading over the bridge structure to be completed. Method according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by the further steps: - Removal of an existing old bridge superstructure, - Creating or at least partially renewing the bridge substructure, especially the bridge abutments (4). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the further steps: - Creation of temporary auxiliary abutments (8) for the auxiliary bridge structure (6), in particular next to a lower guideway U leading under the bridge structure (2) to be completed, - Remove the auxiliary abutments (8). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the use of cross beams (20) arranged under the bridge superstructure (12), on or with which the bridge superstructure (12) is placed on the transport device (14), the lifting device (22) for Reloading and lowering the bridge superstructure (12) is brought into contact with the cross beams (20).

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