EP0463619B1 - Method for renovating bridges - Google Patents

Method for renovating bridges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463619B1
EP0463619B1 EP19910110613 EP91110613A EP0463619B1 EP 0463619 B1 EP0463619 B1 EP 0463619B1 EP 19910110613 EP19910110613 EP 19910110613 EP 91110613 A EP91110613 A EP 91110613A EP 0463619 B1 EP0463619 B1 EP 0463619B1
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Prior art keywords
mushroom
support
platforms
carriageway
bridge
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EP19910110613
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0463619A1 (en
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Herbert Dipl. Ing. Dr. Geisler
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D22/00Methods or apparatus for repairing or strengthening existing bridges ; Methods or apparatus for dismantling bridges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the rehabilitation of bridges, in particular highway bridges, from mushroom elements lined up in a row, each having a shaft and a mushroom plate which projects on all sides, a first transverse edge of each mushroom plate having a support bracket for the stepped, second transverse edge of the subsequent mushroom plate, and between each A joint construction is provided for two mushroom plates.
  • a bridge is known for example from DE-A-1 258 441.
  • the invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a method that maintains the load-bearing capacity of the support brackets of the mushroom joints permanently with an economically justifiable effort, or increases an already reduced load-bearing capacity of the mushroom structure accordingly afterwards. If necessary, it should also be possible to widen the bridge.
  • the additional concrete construction changes the mushroom bridge in a way that aligns its service life with that of other bridge structures by eliminating the contradictory dual function of the mushroom joints, namely that of a wearing part with stability requirements.
  • a first embodiment of the invention provides that at least one carriageway support plate made of reinforced or prestressed concrete spanning several mushroom plates is applied to the mushroom slabs as a supplementary concrete construction.
  • Such a procedure is chosen in particular when the damage to the support bracket and the support elements is still slight and there is sufficient carrying reserve.
  • the access of the road sewage into the mushroom joints and the further corrosion of the support bracket and the support elements is excluded.
  • the existing roadway structure is preferably removed, a separating layer is placed over the exposed mushroom plates, and the new roadway support plate is produced thereon.
  • the separating layer provides a seal to the mushroom elements on the one hand and the necessary expansion path of the new carriageway support plate on the other hand if a lower layer made of fleece, a middle plastic film and an upper layer made of fleece are applied as the separating layer.
  • plastic fleeces are used for this.
  • the new carriageway support plate can be connected to a mushroom plate so that an expansion fixed point is formed.
  • the tension reinforcement of the mushroom slab has so-called windows, so that the roadway slab can be integrated relatively easily.
  • the mushroom element closest to the elastic center of gravity of the respective section is preferably selected the elastic center of gravity of the bridge system or, in the case of further roadway support plates.
  • a single carriageway support slab can be built up to a bridge length of approximately 150 m. With larger bridge lengths, each transverse joint is formed between the carriageway support plates, in particular above the shaft of a mushroom element. In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the carriageway support plate on the two bridge abutments extends beyond the bridge abutment, so that no intervention in the existing bridge abutment is necessary.
  • the production of the new carriageway support plate from reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete in the thickness determined according to structural and structural requirements also enables a possible widening of the bridge in a simple manner by protruding the or each carriageway support plate over the longitudinal edge of the mushroom slabs.
  • a second embodiment of the invention provides that, as a supplementary concrete structure, a beam is made underneath each support bracket on which the two mushroom plates be supported.
  • the support of the girder on the shafts of the mushroom elements can be carried out, for example, via oblique struts or longitudinal beams which are anchored to the shafts.
  • a support collar for the beam supports is preferably produced on the shaft, the shafts of the mushroom elements being able to be reinforced, if necessary, by additional external or internal pillars if the carrying reserves of the shafts are too small.
  • FIG. 1 shows the side view of a highway bridge made of mushroom elements
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bridge
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section along the line III-III in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section along the line IV IV in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 a previous mushroom joint
  • FIG. 6 a section corresponding to FIG. 4 through a freeway bridge renovated by means of the first embodiment of the method
  • FIG. 7 corresponding to FIG. 5 the mushroom joint of the renovated freeway bridge from FIG 6 and
  • FIGS. 8 to 13 show different variants of the second embodiment of the renovation method
  • FIGS. 8, 10 and 12 each showing schematic longitudinal sections of a bridge section
  • FIGS. 9, 11 and 13 each showing top views of the additional concrete construction .
  • a highway bridge according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is composed of mushroom elements 1, the central area comprising so-called semi-mushrooms, which comprise only one directional lane.
  • Each mushroom element consists of an anchored in the ground, in particular a hollow shaft 3 and a mushroom plate 4.
  • the mushroom plates 4 Transverse to the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the mushroom plates 4 generally protrude by the same amount on both sides of the shaft axes 10. In contrast, in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the mushroom plates 4 protrude unevenly over the shaft axes 10.
  • the first edge of the mushroom plates 4, which runs transversely to the roadway, is designed as a support bracket 12 for the second edge 13 of the adjoining mushroom plate 4 and is in particular provided on the shorter cantilever arm, 4 support elements 14 being inserted between the two mushroom plates.
  • the resulting mushroom joints 11 compensate for the lengthening and shortening of the mushroom plates resulting from the atmospheric temperature changes, but also for dynamic movements caused by traffic.
  • the roadway structure 6 thus has a joint construction 15 on each mushroom joint 11, which is intended to seal the mushroom joint 11 and to protect the supports against the roadway sewage.
  • all of the mushroom joints 11 can thereby be permanently protected and removed from the attack by atmospheres which are aggressive against concrete and / or steel by the entire roadway structure 6 except for the raw structure formed by the mushroom plates 4 is removed, the top of which is cleaned by sand and / or water blasting.
  • a lower fleece 22 applied and this covered with a plastic film 23 so that moisture access to the mushroom plates 4 and in particular to the support brackets 12 is excluded.
  • the plastic film 23 then receives an upper fleece cover 24, on which a cover strip 25 is placed in the area of the mushroom joints 11.
  • a new carriageway support plate 20 made of reinforced or prestressed concrete is applied in the thickness required according to structural and structural laws and rules across all mushroom joints 11 across the entire bridge width. If necessary, the new carriageway support plate 20 can be connected to the mushroom plate 4 on a mushroom element 1, so that an expansion fixed point is created.
  • the new carriageway support plate 20 can also be provided on the longitudinal edges with longitudinal edge beams and with a central rib 8 between the two directional carriageways, which accommodate the necessary guiding devices.
  • the new carriageway support plate 20 is cantilevered over the longitudinal edge, whereby at the same time there is the possibility of the carriageway widening.
  • a steel catwalk construction can also be arranged.
  • the road surface 18 is then applied to the new roadway support plate 20 in its respectively required construction and the required composition.
  • the generally customary edge caps 7 are then arranged on the longitudinal edge.
  • the formation of a single new carriageway support plate is particularly favorable up to a length of 150 meters.
  • several roadway support plates 20 are separated by a joint 19 (FIG. 8), each of which lies above the shaft 3 of a mushroom element 1, with each fixed extension point, i.e. the connection between the roadway support plate 20 and the mushroom plate 4, each above the middle between two joints 19 lying shaft 3 is provided.
  • each fixed extension point i.e. the connection between the roadway support plate 20 and the mushroom plate 4
  • each above the middle between two joints 19 lying shaft 3 is provided.
  • each shaft 3 is provided with a sleeve 26 made of reinforced or prestressed concrete, according to FIGS. 8 and 9, on which four support structures 27 are arranged.
  • Two longitudinal members 28 are placed on each support structure 27, which span the bridge fields from shaft 3 to shaft 3 under the mushroom plate 4.
  • one beam 30 is arranged under the mushroom joint 11 per bridge field, and, as shown in dashed lines, a second beam 30.
  • the beams 30 are made of steel or Prestressed concrete.
  • the additional support structures shown in FIGS. 8 to 13 essentially transform the mushroom bridge into a conventional bridge with supporting structures supported on pillars, so that the existing roadway structure 6 and the joint structure 15 can be retained.
  • the support bracket 12 and the support elements 14 are then still exposed to corrosion, but the stability of the bridge is no longer at risk.
  • the application of new carriageway slabs 20 is therefore not necessary or not necessary at the same time, as a result of which the renovation costs can be kept relatively low. Later application of the new roadway slabs 20 is of course possible at any time.
  • the refurbishment method according to the invention also allows traffic to be maintained at least on one side.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Sanierung von Brücken, insbesondere Autobahnbrücken, aus aneinandergereihten Pilzelementen, die jeweils einen Schaft und eine allseitig auskragende Pilzplatte aufweisen, wobei ein erster Querrand jeder Pilzplatte eine Auflagerkonsole für den abgestuften, zweiten Querrand der anschließenden Pilzplatte aufweist, und zwischen je zwei Pilzplatten eine Fugenkonstruktion vorgesehen ist. Eine derartige Brücke ist beispielsweise aus der DE-A-1 258 441 bekannt.The invention relates to a method for the rehabilitation of bridges, in particular highway bridges, from mushroom elements lined up in a row, each having a shaft and a mushroom plate which projects on all sides, a first transverse edge of each mushroom plate having a support bracket for the stepped, second transverse edge of the subsequent mushroom plate, and between each A joint construction is provided for two mushroom plates. Such a bridge is known for example from DE-A-1 258 441.

Im Zuge des Autobahnbaues der vergangenen 40 Jahre, wurden eine Reihe von Autobahnbrücken als sogenannte Pilzbrücken errichtet. Diese Art von Brückenkonstruktion setzt sich je nach Brückenlänge aus einer unterschiedlichen Anzahl hintereinander gereihter, sich wiederholender "Vollpilze" oder "Halbpilze" zusammen. Der Vollpilz besitzt eine solche Breite, daß beide Richtungsfahrbahnen einer Autobahn einschließlich aller Leit- und Begrenzungseinrichtungen darauf Platz finden können. Die Breite des Halbpilzes bietet hingegen nur Platz für eine Richtungsfahrbahn, einschließlich deren Begrenzungseinrichtungen.Jeder Voll- oder Halbpilz weist einen hohlen Schaft und eine Pilzplatte auf, welche monolytisch miteinander verbunden sind. Die Pilzplatte ist massiv und besteht aus Spannbeton. Die Fugenkonstruktion soll einerseits die Befahrbarkeit der Fugen und andererseits deren Dichtigkeit gegen in die Fugen bzw. auf die Auflagerkonsolen und die Auflagerelemente eindringende aggressive Fahrbahnabwässer sicherstellen.In the course of the highway construction of the past 40 years, a number of highway bridges were built as so-called mushroom bridges. Depending on the length of the bridge, this type of bridge construction is made up of a different number of repetitive, repetitive "whole mushrooms" or "half mushrooms". The whole mushroom has such a width that both directional lanes of a motorway including all guidance and delimitation devices can be placed on it. The width of the toadstool, on the other hand, only offers space for a directional roadway, including its boundary devices. Each full or toadstool has a hollow shaft and a mushroom plate, which are monolytically connected to one another. The mushroom slab is solid and consists of prestressed concrete. The joint construction is intended on the one hand to ensure that the joints are passable and on the other hand to ensure that they are watertight against aggressive roadway water entering the joints or on the support brackets and the support elements.

Im Laufe der nun jahrzehntelangen Betriebserfahrung zeigt es sich, daß die Fugenkonstruktionen unter der ständigen Einwirkung des mit hoher Geschwindigkeit rollenden Rades einem außerordentlich hohen Verschleiß unterliegen, sodaß die Dichtigkeit auch nach jeder Reparatur oder Austausch der Fugenkonstruktion bereits nach wenigen Monaten nicht mehr gegeben ist. Dadurch sind die Auflagerkonsolen und die Auflagerelemente größtenteils nicht gegen die aggressiven Fahrbahnabwässer geschützt. Da aber gerade die Standsicherheit der Gesamtkonstruktion vom Zustand der Auflagerkonsolen abhängt, ist die Standzeit der Pilzbrücken insgesamt erheblich verkürzt.Over the course of decades of operational experience, it has been shown that the joint constructions are under the constant influence of rolling at high speed Rades are subject to extremely high wear, so that even after every repair or replacement of the joint construction, the tightness is no longer present after a few months. As a result, the support brackets and the support elements are largely not protected against the aggressive road sewage. However, since the stability of the overall construction depends on the condition of the support brackets, the service life of the mushroom bridges is significantly reduced overall.

Es wurde bereits versucht, die Fugen "stillzulegen", d.h. dem direkten Verschleiß durch den rollenden Verkehr und dem Zutritt von Fahrbahnabwässern zu entziehen, indem deren Dehnweg unterbrochen wurde. Um dies zu erreichen, werden die bestehende Tragkonstruktion geöffnet und die Verankerungsvorrichtungen der Spannglieder bzw. diese selbst direkt verbunden. Die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens zählt zu den schwierigsten und kostenaufwendigsten Aufgaben im konstruktiven Ingenieur- und Spannbetonbau.An attempt has already been made to "shut down" the joints, i.e. To avoid the direct wear and tear of rolling traffic and the access to road sewage by interrupting their expansion path. In order to achieve this, the existing supporting structure is opened and the anchoring devices of the tendons or these themselves directly connected. The implementation of this process is one of the most difficult and costly tasks in constructive engineering and prestressed concrete construction.

Die Erfindung hat sich daher zur Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, das mit einem wirtschaftlich vertretbaren Aufwand die Tragfähigkeit der Auflagerkonsolen der Pilzfugen dauerhaft erhält, bzw. eine bereits verminderte Tragfähigkeit der Pilzkonstruktion im nachhinein entsprechend erhöht. Gegebenenfalls soll es dabei auch möglich sein, die Brücke zu verbreitern.The invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a method that maintains the load-bearing capacity of the support brackets of the mushroom joints permanently with an economically justifiable effort, or increases an already reduced load-bearing capacity of the mushroom structure accordingly afterwards. If necessary, it should also be possible to widen the bridge.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß das durch die Pilzplatten gebildete Brückentragwerk durch eine sich oberhalb bzw. unterhalb der Pilzplatten über die Pilzfugen erstreckende, bewehrte Betonkonstruktion ergänzt wird.According to the invention this is achieved in that the bridge structure formed by the mushroom slabs is supplemented by a reinforced concrete structure extending above or below the mushroom slabs over the mushroom joints.

Durch die ergänzende Betonkonstruktion wird die Pilzbrücke in einer Weise verändert, die ihre Standzeit an jene anderer Brückentragwerke angleicht, indem die in sich widersprüchliche Doppelfunktion der Pilzfugen, nämlich die eines Verschleißteiles mit Standsicherheitserfordernis, ausgeschlossen wird.The additional concrete construction changes the mushroom bridge in a way that aligns its service life with that of other bridge structures by eliminating the contradictory dual function of the mushroom joints, namely that of a wearing part with stability requirements.

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sieht vor, daß als ergänzende Betonkonstruktion auf die Pilzplatten mindestens eine, mehrere Pilzplatten überspannende Fahrbahntragplatte aus Stahl- oder Spannbeton aufgebracht wird.A first embodiment of the invention provides that at least one carriageway support plate made of reinforced or prestressed concrete spanning several mushroom plates is applied to the mushroom slabs as a supplementary concrete construction.

Eine derartige Vorgangsweise wird insbesondere dann gewählt, wenn die Schädigung der Auflagerkonsole und der Auflagerelemente noch gering und eine ausreichende Tragreserve gegeben ist. Der Zutritt der Fahrbahnabwässer in die Pilzfugen und die weitere Korrosion der Auflagerkonsole und der Auflagerelemente ist dadurch ausgeschlossen. Bevorzugt wird dabei der bestehende Fahrbahnaufbau entfernt, über die freiliegenden Pilzplatten eine Trennschicht gelegt und darauf die neue Fahrbahntragplatte hergestellt. Die Trennschicht sorgt einerseits für eine Abdichtung zu den Pilzelementen und andererseits für den nötigen Dehnweg der neuen Fahrbahntragplatte, wenn als Trennschicht eine untere Lage aus Vlies, eine mittlere Kunststoffolie und eine obere Lage aus Vlies aufgebracht wird. Beispielsweise werden hierfür Kunststoffvliese eingesetzt. Falls erforderlich, kann die neue Fahrbahntragplatte mit einer Pilzplatte verbunden werden, sodaß ein Dehnungsfestpunkt gebildet wird. Bedingt durch das Herstellungsverfahren der Pilzelemente weist die Spannbewehrung der Pilzplatte sogenannte Fenster auf, sodaß eine Einbindung der Fahrbahntragplatte relativ leicht erfolgen kann. Als Dehnungsfestpunkt wird vorzugsweise das dem elastischen Schwerpunkt des Brückensystems bzw. bei weiteren Fahrbahntragplatten das dem elastischen Schwerpunkt des jeweiligen Abschnittes nächstliegende Pilzelement gewählt. Eine einzige Fahrbahntragplatte kann bis zu einer Brückenlänge von etwa 150 m errichtet werden. Bei größeren Brückenlängen wird jede Querfuge zwischen den Fahrbahntragplatten insbesondere über dem Schaft eines Pilzelementes ausgebildet. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführung ist vorgesehen, daß an den beiden Brückenwiderlagern die Fahrbahntragplatte über das Brückenwiderlager hinaus erstreckt wird, sodaß kein Eingriff in die bestehenden Brückenwiderlager notwendig wird.Such a procedure is chosen in particular when the damage to the support bracket and the support elements is still slight and there is sufficient carrying reserve. The access of the road sewage into the mushroom joints and the further corrosion of the support bracket and the support elements is excluded. The existing roadway structure is preferably removed, a separating layer is placed over the exposed mushroom plates, and the new roadway support plate is produced thereon. The separating layer provides a seal to the mushroom elements on the one hand and the necessary expansion path of the new carriageway support plate on the other hand if a lower layer made of fleece, a middle plastic film and an upper layer made of fleece are applied as the separating layer. For example, plastic fleeces are used for this. If necessary, the new carriageway support plate can be connected to a mushroom plate so that an expansion fixed point is formed. Due to the manufacturing process of the mushroom elements, the tension reinforcement of the mushroom slab has so-called windows, so that the roadway slab can be integrated relatively easily. As a fixed stretch point the mushroom element closest to the elastic center of gravity of the respective section is preferably selected the elastic center of gravity of the bridge system or, in the case of further roadway support plates. A single carriageway support slab can be built up to a bridge length of approximately 150 m. With larger bridge lengths, each transverse joint is formed between the carriageway support plates, in particular above the shaft of a mushroom element. In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the carriageway support plate on the two bridge abutments extends beyond the bridge abutment, so that no intervention in the existing bridge abutment is necessary.

Die Herstellung der neuen Fahrbahntragplatte aus Stahl- oder Spannbeton in der nach statischen und konstruktiven Erfordernissen bestimmten Dicke ermöglicht in einfacher Weise auch eine eventuelle Verbreiterung der Brücke dadurch, daß die bzw. jede Fahrbahntragplatte über den Längsrand der Pilzplatten ausgekragt wird.The production of the new carriageway support plate from reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete in the thickness determined according to structural and structural requirements also enables a possible widening of the bridge in a simple manner by protruding the or each carriageway support plate over the longitudinal edge of the mushroom slabs.

Ist die Schädigung der Auflagerkonsole und der Auflagerelemente schon weiter fortgeschritten, sodaß keine ausreichenden Tragreserven für eine neue Fahrbahntragplatte gegeben sein könnte, so sieht eine zweite Ausführung der Erfindung vor, daß als ergänzende Betonkonstruktion unterhalb jeder Auflagerkonsole ein Unterzug hergestellt wird, an dem die beiden Pilzplatten abgestützt werden.If the damage to the support bracket and the support elements has already progressed further, so that there may not be sufficient load reserves for a new carriageway support plate, then a second embodiment of the invention provides that, as a supplementary concrete structure, a beam is made underneath each support bracket on which the two mushroom plates be supported.

Hierdurch wird die Tragfähigkeit der Pilzbrückenkonstruktion verstärkt und deren Standsicherheit zumindest wiederhergestellt, wobei die Aufbringung einer neuen Fahrbahntragplatte nicht unbedingt erforderlich ist.This increases the load-bearing capacity of the mushroom bridge construction and at least restores its stability, the application of a new carriageway support plate not being absolutely necessary.

Die Abstützung des Unterzuges an den Schäften der Pilzelemente kann beispielsweise über Schrägstreben oder Längsträger erfolgen, die an den Schäften verankert werden.The support of the girder on the shafts of the mushroom elements can be carried out, for example, via oblique struts or longitudinal beams which are anchored to the shafts.

Bevorzugt wird dabei am Schaft eine Auflagermanschette für die Unterzugstützen hergestellt, wobei die Schäfte der Pilzelemente gegebenenfalls durch zusätzliche außen- oder innenliegende Pfeiler verstärkt werden können, falls die Tragreserven der Schäfte zu gering sind.A support collar for the beam supports is preferably produced on the shaft, the shafts of the mushroom elements being able to be reinforced, if necessary, by additional external or internal pillars if the carrying reserves of the shafts are too small.

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung an Hand der Figuren der beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher beschrieben, ohne darauf beschränkt zu sein.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawings, without being limited thereto.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt die Seitenansicht einer aus Pilzelementen bestehenden Autobahnbrücke, die Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Brücke, die Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie III-III in Fig. 1, die Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1, die Fig. 5 eine bisherige Pilzfuge, die Fig. 6 einen Schnitt entsprechend Fig. 4 durch eine mittels der ersten Ausführungen des Verfahrens sanierte Autobahnbrücke, die Fig. 7 entsprechend Fig. 5 die Pilzfuge der sanierten Autobahnbrücke von Fig. 6, und die Fig. 8 bis 13 zeigen verschiedene Varianten der zweiten Ausführung des Sanierungsverfahrens, wobei die Fig. 8, 10 und 12 jeweils schematische Längsschnitte eines Brückenabschnittes und die Fig. 9, 11 und 13 jeweils Draufsichten auf die ergänzende Betonkonstruktion darstellen.Fig. 1 shows the side view of a highway bridge made of mushroom elements, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bridge, Fig. 3 shows a cross section along the line III-III in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 shows a cross section along the line IV IV in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 a previous mushroom joint, FIG. 6 a section corresponding to FIG. 4 through a freeway bridge renovated by means of the first embodiment of the method, FIG. 7 corresponding to FIG. 5 the mushroom joint of the renovated freeway bridge from FIG 6 and FIGS. 8 to 13 show different variants of the second embodiment of the renovation method, FIGS. 8, 10 and 12 each showing schematic longitudinal sections of a bridge section and FIGS. 9, 11 and 13 each showing top views of the additional concrete construction .

Eine Autobahnbrücke gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 setzt sich aus Pilzelementen 1 zusammen, wobei der mittlere Bereich sogenannte Halbpilze umfaßt, die nur eine Richtungsfahrbahn umfassen. Jedes Pilzelement besteht aus einem im Untergrund verankerten, insbesondere hohlen Schaft 3 und einer Pilzplatte 4.A highway bridge according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is composed of mushroom elements 1, the central area comprising so-called semi-mushrooms, which comprise only one directional lane. Each mushroom element consists of an anchored in the ground, in particular a hollow shaft 3 and a mushroom plate 4.

Quer zur Brückenlängsrichtung kragen die Pilzplatten 4, beidseits der Schaftachsen 10 im allgemeinen um das gleiche Maß aus. In Brückenlängsrichtung kragen die Pilzplatten 4 hingegen ungleichmäßig über die Schaftachsen 10 aus. Der quer zur Fahrbahn verlaufende erste Rand der Pilzplatten 4 ist jeweils als Auflagerkonsole 12 für den zweiten Rand 13 der anschließenden Pilzplatte 4 ausgebildet und insbesondere am kürzeren Kragarm vorgesehen, wobei zwischen den beiden Pilzplatten 4 Auflagerelemente 14 eingesetzt sind. Die sich so ergebenden Pilzfugen 11 gleichen die aus den atmosphärisch bedingten Temperaturänderungen resultierenden Verlängerungen und Verkürzungen der Pilzplatten, aber auch dynamische, durch den Verkehr verursachte Bewegungen aus. Der Fahrbahnaufbau 6 weist dadurch an jeder Pilzfuge 11 eine Fugenkonstruktion 15 auf, die die Pilzfuge 11 abdichten und die Auflagen gegen die Fahrbahnabwässer schützen soll.Transverse to the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the mushroom plates 4 generally protrude by the same amount on both sides of the shaft axes 10. In contrast, in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the mushroom plates 4 protrude unevenly over the shaft axes 10. The first edge of the mushroom plates 4, which runs transversely to the roadway, is designed as a support bracket 12 for the second edge 13 of the adjoining mushroom plate 4 and is in particular provided on the shorter cantilever arm, 4 support elements 14 being inserted between the two mushroom plates. The resulting mushroom joints 11 compensate for the lengthening and shortening of the mushroom plates resulting from the atmospheric temperature changes, but also for dynamic movements caused by traffic. The roadway structure 6 thus has a joint construction 15 on each mushroom joint 11, which is intended to seal the mushroom joint 11 and to protect the supports against the roadway sewage.

Da die Dichtigkeit der Pilzfugen 11 nicht erreichbar ist, sind die Auflagerkonsolen 12 und die Auflagerelemente 14 einer Korrosion ausgesetzt, die die Standfestigkeit der Brücke beeinträchtigt.Since the tightness of the mushroom joints 11 cannot be reached, the support brackets 12 and the support elements 14 are exposed to corrosion which affects the stability of the bridge.

Nach der in den Fig. 6 und 7 näher dargestellten ersten Ausführung des Sanierungsverfahrens können alle Pilzfugen 11 dadurch dauerhaft geschützt und dem Angriff von beton- und/oder stahlaggressiven Atmosphärilien entzogen werden, indem der gesamte Fahrbahnaufbau 6 bis auf das durch die Pilzplatten 4 gebildete Rohtragwerk entfernt wird, deren Oberseite durch Sand- und/oder Wasserstrahlung gereinigt wird. In der Folge wird über alle Pilzfugen 11 hinweg ein unteres Vlies 22 aufgebracht und dieses mittels einer Kunststoffolie 23 abgedeckt, sodaß ein Feuchtigkeitszutritt zu den Pilzplatten 4 und insbesondere zu den Auflagerkonsolen 12 ausgeschlossen ist.According to the first embodiment of the renovation method shown in more detail in FIGS. 6 and 7, all of the mushroom joints 11 can thereby be permanently protected and removed from the attack by atmospheres which are aggressive against concrete and / or steel by the entire roadway structure 6 except for the raw structure formed by the mushroom plates 4 is removed, the top of which is cleaned by sand and / or water blasting. As a result, over all mushroom joints 11 a lower fleece 22 applied and this covered with a plastic film 23, so that moisture access to the mushroom plates 4 and in particular to the support brackets 12 is excluded.

Anschließend erhält die Kunststoffolie 23 eine obere Vliesabdeckung 24, auf die im Bereich der Pilzfugen 11 ein Abdeckstreifen 25 aufgelegt wird. Auf die aus den Vliesen 22 und 24 und der mittigen Kunststoffolie 23 gebildete Trennschicht 21 wird eine neue Fahrbahntragplatte 20 aus Stahl- oder Spannbeton in der nach statischen und konstruktiven Gesetzen und Regeln erforderlichen Dicke über alle Pilzfugen 11 hinweg in der gesamten Brückenbreite aufgebracht. Im Bedarfsfalle kann die neue Fahrbahntragplatte 20 an einem Pilzelement 1 mit der Pilzplatte 4 verbunden werden, sodaß ein Dehnungsfestpunkt geschaffen wird.The plastic film 23 then receives an upper fleece cover 24, on which a cover strip 25 is placed in the area of the mushroom joints 11. On the separating layer 21 formed from the fleeces 22 and 24 and the central plastic film 23, a new carriageway support plate 20 made of reinforced or prestressed concrete is applied in the thickness required according to structural and structural laws and rules across all mushroom joints 11 across the entire bridge width. If necessary, the new carriageway support plate 20 can be connected to the mushroom plate 4 on a mushroom element 1, so that an expansion fixed point is created.

Auch die neue Fahrbahntragplatte 20 kann an den Längsrändern mit Randlängsbalken und mit einer Mittelrippe 8 zwischen den beiden Richtungsfahrbahnen versehen werden, die die erforderlichen Leiteinrichtungen aufnehmen.The new carriageway support plate 20 can also be provided on the longitudinal edges with longitudinal edge beams and with a central rib 8 between the two directional carriageways, which accommodate the necessary guiding devices.

Erforderlichenfalls wird die neue Fahrbahntragplatte 20 über den Längsrand ausgekragt, wodurch gleichzeitig die Möglichkeit der Fahrbahnverbreiterung gegeben ist. Ersatzweise kann aber auch eine Laufstegkonstruktion aus Stahl angeordnet sein. Auf die neue Fahrbahntragplatte 20 wird dann der Fahrbahnbelag 18 in seinem jeweils erforderlichen Aufbau und der erforderlichen Zusammensetzung aufgebracht. Am Längsrand werden dann die allgemein üblichen Randkappen 7 angeordnet.If necessary, the new carriageway support plate 20 is cantilevered over the longitudinal edge, whereby at the same time there is the possibility of the carriageway widening. Alternatively, a steel catwalk construction can also be arranged. The road surface 18 is then applied to the new roadway support plate 20 in its respectively required construction and the required composition. The generally customary edge caps 7 are then arranged on the longitudinal edge.

An den Brückenwiderlagern werden für die neue Fahrbahntragplatte 20 eigene Fahrbahnübergänge ausgebildet, die insbesondere außerhalb der Widerlagerkonstruktion vorgesehen werden.On the bridge abutments 20 separate road transitions are formed for the new carriageway support plate, which are provided in particular outside the abutment construction.

Um den aufzunehmenden Dehnweg an den Brückenwiderlagern auf eine praktische Größenordnung zu beschränken, ist die Ausbildung einer einzigen neuen Fahrbahntragplatte insbesondere bis zu einer Länge von 150 Metern günstig. Für längere Pilzbrücken werden mehrere Fahrbahntragplatten 20 durch je eine Fuge 19 (Fig. 8) getrennt, die jeweils über dem Schaft 3 eines Pilzelementes 1 liegt, wobei jeder Dehnungsfestpunkt, also die Verbindung zwischen der Fahrbahntragplatte 20 und der Pilzplatte 4 jeweils über dem mittig zwischen zwei Fugen 19 liegenden Schaft 3 vorgesehen wird. Auf diese Weise lassen sich die großen Dehnwege beherrschen, ohne in das Tragsystem zu große Rückkoppelkräfte einzuleiten.In order to limit the expansion path to be taken up at the bridge abutments to a practical size, the formation of a single new carriageway support plate is particularly favorable up to a length of 150 meters. For longer mushroom bridges, several roadway support plates 20 are separated by a joint 19 (FIG. 8), each of which lies above the shaft 3 of a mushroom element 1, with each fixed extension point, i.e. the connection between the roadway support plate 20 and the mushroom plate 4, each above the middle between two joints 19 lying shaft 3 is provided. In this way, the large expansion paths can be mastered without introducing excessive feedback forces into the support system.

Weisen die Pilzfugen 11 bereits einen derartigen Schädigungsgrad auf, oder besitzen die Pilzplatten 4 keine ausreichenden Tragreserven um Zusatzlasten aufzunehmen, so kann anstelle von neuen Fahrbahntafeln 20 die Tragfähigkeit der Pilzbrückenkonstruktion wieder hergestellt bzw. erhöht werden. Bei dieser Ausführung des Verfahrens wird gemäß den Fig. 8 und 9 jeder Schaft 3 mit eine Manschette 26 aus Stahl- oder Spannbeton versehen, auf der vier Auflagerkonstruktionen 27 angeordnet werden. Auf jede Auflagerkonstruktion 27 werden je zwei Längsträger 28 aufgelegt, die unter der Pilzplatte 4 die Brückenfelder von Schaft 3 zu Schaft 3 überspannen. Auf den Längsträgern 28 werden pro Brückenfeld ein Unterzug 30 unter der Pilzfuge 11, und, wie strichliert gezeigt, ein zweiter Unterzug 30 angeordnet. Zweckmäßigerweise bestehen die Unterzüge 30 aus Stahl- oder Spannbeton. Mittels auf den Unterzügen 30 angeordneten Kapselpressen 32 oder dergleichen kann der Kraftschluß zu den Pilzplatten 4 hergestellt werden. Die Fig. 10 und 11, bzw. 12 und 13 zeigen Varianten, bei denen pro Brückenfeld zwei durch drei Längsträger 28 unterfangene Unterzüge 20 (Fig. 10, 11), bzw. nur ein Unterzug 30 (Fig. 12, 13) durch Schrägstreben 29 zu den Schäften 3 abgestützt ist. Die Verbindung zu den Schäften 3 kann ebenfalls über Auflagermanschetten 26, oder direkt erfolgen, wobei in die Schäfte 3 Druckkörper 33 eingesetzt werden können, wenn die Tragreserven der Schäfte ausreichend sind. Im Falle, daß entsprechende Tragreserven in den Schäften 3 nicht gegeben sind, steht einer Verstärkung derselben auf einfache Weise z. B. mittels Lisenen 31, nichts im Wege.If the mushroom joints 11 already have such a degree of damage, or if the mushroom plates 4 do not have sufficient load reserves to absorb additional loads, the load-bearing capacity of the mushroom bridge construction can be restored or increased instead of new carriageway panels 20. In this embodiment of the method, each shaft 3 is provided with a sleeve 26 made of reinforced or prestressed concrete, according to FIGS. 8 and 9, on which four support structures 27 are arranged. Two longitudinal members 28 are placed on each support structure 27, which span the bridge fields from shaft 3 to shaft 3 under the mushroom plate 4. On the longitudinal beams 28, one beam 30 is arranged under the mushroom joint 11 per bridge field, and, as shown in dashed lines, a second beam 30. Expediently, the beams 30 are made of steel or Prestressed concrete. By means of capsule presses 32 or the like arranged on the beams 30, the frictional connection to the mushroom plates 4 can be produced. 10 and 11, or 12 and 13 show variants in which two beams 20 (FIGS. 10, 11) underpinned by three longitudinal beams 28 or only one beam 30 (FIGS. 12, 13) per diagonal strut by diagonal struts per bridge field 29 is supported to the shafts 3. The connection to the shafts 3 can also be made by means of support sleeves 26, or directly, it being possible for pressure elements 33 to be inserted into the shafts 3 if the carrying reserves of the shafts are sufficient. In the event that corresponding carrying reserves are not provided in the shafts 3, the same is easily reinforced, for. B. by means of pilaster strips 31, nothing in the way.

Die in den Fig. 8 bis 13 gezeigten ergänzenden Stützkonstruktionen wandeln die Pilzbrücke im wesentlichen in eine herkömmliche Brücke mit auf Pfeilern abgestützten Tragwerken um, sodaß der bestehende Fahrbahnaufbau 6 und die Fugenkonstruktion 15 beibehalten werden kann. Die Auflagerkonsole 12 und die Auflagerelemente 14 sind dann zwar weiterhin der Korrosion ausgesetzt, jedoch ist die Standsicherheit der Brücke nicht mehr gefährdet. Die Aufbringung neuer Fahrbahnplatten 20 ist somit nicht bzw. nicht gleichzeitig notwendig, wodurch die Sanierungskosten relativ nieder gehalten werden können. Eine spätere Aufbringung der neuen Fahrbahnplatten 20 ist selbstverständlich jederzeit möglich. Das erfindungsgemäße Sanierungsverfahren läßt dabei auch die Aufrechterhaltung des Verkehrs zumindest halbseitig zu.The additional support structures shown in FIGS. 8 to 13 essentially transform the mushroom bridge into a conventional bridge with supporting structures supported on pillars, so that the existing roadway structure 6 and the joint structure 15 can be retained. The support bracket 12 and the support elements 14 are then still exposed to corrosion, but the stability of the bridge is no longer at risk. The application of new carriageway slabs 20 is therefore not necessary or not necessary at the same time, as a result of which the renovation costs can be kept relatively low. Later application of the new roadway slabs 20 is of course possible at any time. The refurbishment method according to the invention also allows traffic to be maintained at least on one side.

Claims (15)

  1. A method of renovating bridges, in particular motorway bridges, constructed from rows of abutting mushroom elements (1) each comprising a shaft (3) and a mushroom platform (4) extending on all sides therefrom, wherein a first transverse edge of each mushroom platform comprises a support seat (12) for the stepped second transverse edge (13) of the connecting mushroom platform and a joint means (15) is provided between each two adjacent mushroom platforms, characterised in that the bridge support structure formed by the mushroom platforms (4) is supplemented by a reinforced concrete structure (20) extending above the mushroom platforms (4) and over the joints (11).
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that said supplementary concrete structure on the mushroom platforms consists of at least one ferroconcrete or prestressed concrete carriageway support bed (20) extending over several mushroom platforms.
  3. A method according to claim 2, characterised in that the existing carriageway structure (6) is removed, an isolating layer (21) is laid over the exposed mushroom platforms (4) and the or each carriageway support bed (20) is laid thereover.
  4. A method according to claim 3, characterised in that the isolating layer consists of a lower felt layer (22), an intermediate sheet plastic layer (23) and an upper felt layer (24).
  5. A method according to claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the or each carriageway support bed (20) is joined to the mushroom platform (4) at a mushroom element (1).
  6. A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the or each carriageway support bed (20) is connected to the mushroom element closest to the dynamic centre of gravity of the bridge or of the section thereof spanned by the carriageway support bed (20).
  7. A method according to claims 2 to 6, characterised in that each transverse joint (19) between two carriageway support beds (20) is constructed over the shaft (3) of a mushroom element (1).
  8. A method according to claims 2 to 7, characterised in that the carriageway support bed (20) extends over and beyond both bridge support piers.
  9. A method according to claims 2 to 8, characterised in that the or each carriageway support bed (20) extends beyond the longitudinal edge of the mushroom platform (4).
  10. A method of renovating bridges, in particular motorway bridges, constructed from rows of abutting mushroom elements (1) each comprising a shaft (3) and a mushroom platform (4) extending on all sides therefrom, wherein a first transverse edge of each mushroom platform comprises a support seat (12) for the stepped second transverse edge (13) of the connecting mushroom platform and a joint means (15) is provided between each two adjacent mushroom platforms, characterised in that the bridge support structure formed by the mushroom platforms (4) is supplemented by a reinforced concrete structure (20) extending below the mushroom platforms (4) over the joints (11).
  11. A method according to claim 10, characterised in that the supplementary concrete structure comprises a girder (30) mounted under each support seat (12) which supports both mushroom platforms (4).
  12. A method according to claim 11, characterised in that each girder (30) is supported by angled supports (29) on the shaft (3) of both mushroom elements (1).
  13. A method according to claim 11, characterised in that each girder (30) is supported on longitudinal girders (28) mounted between the shafts (3) of both mushroom elements (1).
  14. A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that a support sleeve (26) for the girder supports (28,29) is mounted on the shaft (3).
  15. A method according to claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the shafts (3) of the mushroom elements (1) are strengthened.
EP19910110613 1990-06-27 1991-06-26 Method for renovating bridges Expired - Lifetime EP0463619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1365/90 1990-06-27
AT136590A AT396139B (en) 1990-06-27 1990-06-27 METHOD FOR THE RENOVATION OF BRIDGES

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EP0463619A1 EP0463619A1 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463619B1 true EP0463619B1 (en) 1994-03-23

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EP (1) EP0463619B1 (en)
AT (1) AT396139B (en)
DE (1) DE59101222D1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU675602B2 (en) * 1994-12-16 1997-02-06 Sho-Bond Corporation Method for strengthening a concrete deck
SG80511A1 (en) * 1994-12-16 2001-05-22 Sho Bond Corp Method for strengthening a concrete deck
ES2426154B1 (en) * 2011-11-04 2014-10-22 Esteyco S.A.P. VIADUCT BOARD AND BATTERY ASSEMBLY

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH359731A (en) * 1956-10-31 1962-01-31 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Bridge-like raised road made of concrete
DE1258441B (en) * 1962-06-01 1968-01-11 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Bridge-like elevated road made of reinforced or prestressed concrete
DE1239346B (en) * 1965-06-18 1967-04-27 Theodor Kueppers Baugesellscha Process for the construction of multi-span prestressed concrete bridges in sections
DE1658584B1 (en) * 1967-03-25 1970-09-24 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Bridge-like elevated road made of reinforced or prestressed concrete
DE1929702C2 (en) * 1969-06-11 1975-01-23 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen Multi-span bridge structure made of reinforced or prestressed concrete with nozzles arranged in the cross-section of the bridge
AT375984B (en) * 1981-08-27 1984-09-25 Kratochvil Guenter TRIMWAY TRANSITION
EP0149697A1 (en) * 1984-01-23 1985-07-31 Kober AG Joint covering for expansion joints in roadways, in particular bridge decks

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Publication number Publication date
AT396139B (en) 1993-06-25
EP0463619A1 (en) 1992-01-02
ATA136590A (en) 1992-10-15
DE59101222D1 (en) 1994-04-28

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