EP4304814A1 - Procédé d'utilisation d'une machine-outil, et machine-outil - Google Patents

Procédé d'utilisation d'une machine-outil, et machine-outil

Info

Publication number
EP4304814A1
EP4304814A1 EP22708571.9A EP22708571A EP4304814A1 EP 4304814 A1 EP4304814 A1 EP 4304814A1 EP 22708571 A EP22708571 A EP 22708571A EP 4304814 A1 EP4304814 A1 EP 4304814A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine tool
tool
speed
motor
torque
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22708571.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Sattler
Michael Wierer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP4304814A1 publication Critical patent/EP4304814A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/005—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
    • B23B45/02—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor driven by electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D47/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D47/12—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of drives for circular saw blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/04—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs
    • B28D1/041—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs with cylinder saws, e.g. trepanning; saw cylinders, e.g. having their cutting rim equipped with abrasive particles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a machine tool.
  • the machine tool has a tool, in particular a drill bit, and a motor, the motor being a brushless electric motor.
  • An electronically designed speed graduation is implemented in the machine tool, with which a circumferential speed on the tool of the machine tool can be kept essentially constant, with a speed spread DELTA_n of more than 2 being achieved by design, dimensioning and/or control of the motor.
  • the invention relates to a tool, for example a core drilling device, with which the proposed method can be carried out.
  • An essential advantage of the invention is that the speed spread DELTA_n of greater than 2 is achieved without a mechanical gear on the machine tool. Instead, an electronically formed speed graduation is used in the present invention.
  • Tool devices are known in the prior art, with which various uses and applications can be implemented.
  • Such machine tools can in particular be core drills with which cylindrical drill cores can be worked out of a substrate, such as concrete, for example.
  • These core drilling rigs have drill bits as tools, with drill bits having different diameters being used in order to create different sized boreholes.
  • core drilling devices have a mechanical transmission so that a user of the device can select and set a gear for operating the core drilling device. The user can select the passage according to the requirements of the planned drilling work or the underground. For example, the desired torque, the diameter of the drill bit to be used or a desired rotational speed of the drill bit can play a role in the considerations underlying the gear selection or gear setting.
  • the drill bit can be, for example, a diamond drill bit that is studded with diamonds to increase its cutting power.
  • Such diamond drill bits are frequently used to core drill holes in (reinforced) concrete.
  • motor speed and motor torque are optimal for such concrete core drilling work.
  • DELTA_d d_max /d_min.
  • the diameter of the largest drill bit in a drill bit line is divided by the diameter of the smallest drill bit in a drill bit line in order to determine the diameter spread DELTA_d.
  • Typical dimensions for drill bits are, for example, in the range of 12 to 102 mm for the diameter of the drill bit, 8 to 162 mm, 12 to 450 mm or 82 to 600 mm, with the first specified value representing d_min and the second specified value representing d_max.
  • the specified ranges for the diameters of typical drill bits are preferably also referred to as the "tool diameter working range" of the drill bit for the purposes of the invention.
  • a diameter spread DELTA_d can be calculated from the specified minimum and maximum diameter specifications.
  • the corresponding values for the diameter spread for the example drill bits given are, for example, 8.5; 20.3; 37.5 and 7.3, respectively.
  • the object on which the present invention is based is to provide a machine tool and a method for its operation, with which the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art can be overcome.
  • a machine tool and an operating method are to be specified with which improved operation of different tools with regard to engine speed and engine torque can be made possible by the machine tool. This is intended to make an increased drilling speed and a longer service life of the machine tool possible.
  • experts would appreciate it if light, compact and handy machine tools could be provided.
  • a method for operating a machine tool has a tool, in particular a drill bit, and a motor, in which case the machine tool can in particular be a core drilling device.
  • the method is characterized in that the motor of the machine tool is a brushless electric motor and in the machine tool there is an electronically designed speed gradation is implemented, with which a circumferential speed on the tool of the machine tool is kept essentially constant, with a speed spread DELTA_n of greater than 2 being achieved by design, dimensioning and/or control of the motor.
  • it is particularly preferred that the circumferential speed on the cutting and/or grinding body of the tool remains constant.
  • the cutting and/or grinding body of the tool can preferably also be referred to as a “segment” within the meaning of the invention.
  • the invention relates to a machine tool with a motor and a tool, in particular a drill bit.
  • the machine tool is designed to carry out the proposed method, with the motor of the machine tool being a brushless electric motor.
  • the proposed machine tool can advantageously achieve a rotational speed spread DELTA_n of greater than 2, with an essential advantage of the invention being that the proposed machine tool does not require a mechanical gear. Instead, it is provided according to the invention that an electronically designed speed graduation is implemented, with which a peripheral speed on the cutting and/or grinding segment of the tool of the machine tool can be kept essentially constant.
  • the circumferential speed at the drill bit is preferably in a range from 1 to 10 m/s and particularly preferably in a range from 2 to 6 m/s.
  • the speed spread DELTA_n of greater than 2 is achieved in particular by the design, dimensioning and/or control of the motor of the machine tool. It is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the machine tool has control electronics with which the corresponding process steps can be carried out or settings can be made.
  • the control electronics can be part of a control device, for example, which can also be part of the machine tool.
  • a speed spread DELTA_n of more than 2 preferably means in the context of the invention that a maximum speed n_max of the machine tool or its motor is at least twice as high as a minimum speed n_min of the machine tool or its motor.
  • the values of the associated torques M_max and M_min are also given for the minimum speed n_min and the maximum speed n_max for forming a working point suitable for the core drilling application.
  • the speed spread DELTA_n of greater than 2 that is aimed for in the context of the present invention is achieved as a function of the torque and/or the operating points on the characteristic curves shown in FIGS.
  • a minimum performance range or a minimum performance working range is considered.
  • the output of the motor is essentially parabolic as a function of the torque M.
  • This is preferably a downwardly open parabola. It begins at the zero point of a power-torque curve, takes on a maximum value at half the value of the maximum torque M_max and intersects the x-axis at this maximum torque M_max.
  • the torque M is plotted on the x-axis of such a power-torque coordinate system, while the power P of the motor is plotted on the y-axis. It has been shown that the parabola described can be shifted upwards in the power-torque coordinate system by the invention.
  • the range of the minimum output or the corresponding working range can be broadened on the x-axis, with this broadening advantageously also leading to the desired increased speed spread of greater than 2, which is shown on the y-axis.
  • the proposed machine tool and the proposed operating method advantageously enable tools with different dimensions or with different tool diameter work areas to be better served by the machine tool with regard to engine speed and/or engine torque.
  • this preferably means that better-fitting combinations of engine speed and engine torque can be provided for these tools or drill bits, or that the machine tool can be operated with these better-fitting combinations of speed and torque, as a result of which a significantly improved performance of the machine tool for the various tools that can be used can be achieved.
  • the provision of more suitable combinations of speed and torque is preferably referred to as "operation" of the machine tool or its tools within the meaning of the invention.
  • service is preferably understood in the sense of "making an offer”.
  • the improved operation of the machine tool is achieved in particular by the electronically designed speed graduation, with which a circumferential speed on the different tools of the machine tool can advantageously be kept essentially constant.
  • Performance of the proposed machine tool can be significantly improved, especially in relation to Bohrge speed and tool life.
  • This can advantageously be achieved by a speed spread DELTA_n of greater than 2, which can be made possible in particular by designing, dimensioning and/or controlling the motor of the proposed machine tool.
  • the motor of the machine tool is a brushless electric motor.
  • an electronically designed speed graduation is used in the machine tool, which makes it possible for the circumferential speed on the different tools of the machine tool to be kept essentially constant.
  • the circumferential speed on the tool of the machine tool which is preferably designed as a drill bit, is in a range from 1 to 10 m/s and preferably in a range from 2 to 6 m/s.
  • a substantially identical peripheral speed can be provided on the drill bit.
  • the speed spread DELTA_n corresponds to the diameter spread DELTA_d and is graded in steps of the known tool diameter.
  • the proposed method manages without a mechanical gear on the machine tool.
  • the proposed machine tool has no mechanical gearbox.
  • the machine tool can be designed to be particularly compact, light and handy, so that it is also significantly easier to operate.
  • the motor of the machine tool is designed for a higher output than it would have to be for the intended applications and tool diameter working ranges.
  • This over-dimensioning of the motor of the proposed machine tool is more than compensated for by the volume saving by omitting the mechanical gear, so that particularly compact and handy machine tools or drills can still be made available with the invention. Consequently, the invention turns away from the prior art, in which motors tuned to the desired areas of application are used, but which then often have to work together with a complex, space-consuming mechanical transmission.
  • the invention turns away from this procedure, which is known in the state of the art, in that the speed gradation of the machine tool is designed or implemented electronically.
  • the proposed machine tool can be optimally optimized for the operation of a large number of different drill bits, for example by selecting an oversized motor.
  • the proposed machine tool can be optimized in particular for more than one tool diameter work area and thus advantageously cover larger tool diameter work areas.
  • the circumferential speed on the drill bit can be set essentially the same and, in particular, optimally over a wide drill bit diameter working range.
  • the machine tool preferably has a speed spread of DELTA_n greater than 2, which can be achieved in particular by the design of the motor, its dimensioning and/or its control.
  • the speed spread of DELTA_n greater than 2 can be made possible in particular by the selected engine design in connection with an increase in speed above the natural maximum speed of the engine.
  • the efficiency can be shifted or expanded from a range with high speeds and low torques to a range with low speeds and high torque through a defined motor design (cf. FIG. 3).
  • Speed n and torque M of the machine tool can be plotted against one another in special diagrams, with a respective relationship between the variables being represented by characteristic curves. Such plots are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • a special working range of the machine tool or its motor can be shifted from a range with high speeds and low torques to a range of low speeds and high torque.
  • usual curves, which represent the connection between speed and torque of a conventional machine tool have an optimal working range and thus a range in which the highest efficiency or the highest efficiency can be achieved at high speeds and low torques
  • the proposed one works Machine tool preferably optimal at low speeds and high torques. In other words, it is preferred within the meaning of the invention that the proposed machine tool is operated at low speeds and high torques and has maximum efficiency in this working range.
  • FIG. 1 View of a preferred embodiment of a machine tool with tool Fig. 2 Exemplary plot of speed n versus torque M
  • Fig. 3 example plot of the speed n against the torque M with representation of various operating points and the efficiency of the machine tool
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a machine tool 1 with a tool 2.
  • the machine tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 is preferably designed as a core drill, with the tool 2 being formed by a drill bit.
  • the machine tool 1 also includes a motor 3, which is designed as a brushless electric motor.
  • a subsurface U which is shown in the lower area of FIG. 1, can be machined with the machine tool 1 .
  • vertical walls can also be machined with the machine tool 1.
  • Core drilling devices 1 are in particular configured to cut out substantially cylindrical cores from the subsoil U using the drill bit 2 as the tool 2 .
  • the substrate U is usually made of concrete, which can also have reinforcing iron ("reinforced concrete").
  • the machine tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 is operated together with a drill stand that holds the machine tool 1 during operation. Of course, it can also be a hand-held machine tool 1 .
  • the speed n of the motor 3 of the machine tool 1 is plotted on the y-axis, while the torque M is plotted on the x-axis.
  • the curve that describes the relationship between the speed n and the torque M in a proposed machine tool preferably represents a straight line with a negative slope, i.e. a falling straight line.
  • the straight line intersects the speed axis at a point nO, while the straight line intersects the torque axis at a point MO.
  • the n(M) curve can be changed by applying field weakening. This change in the n(M) curve is indicated by the straight line that bends upwards and has a steeper gradient. It represents the increase in speed due to field weakening.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary plot of the rotational speed n in relation to the torque M, showing various operating points and the efficiency of the machine tool 1.
  • the operating points are represented by circles in FIG.
  • the degree of efficiency (roughly dashed line) of a conventional machine tool, as is known from the prior art, is such that a maximum degree of efficiency is achieved at the torque M1.
  • the torque of this first operating point preferably corresponds to the maximum efficiency M1 for conventional machine tools.
  • the location of this The operating point and the efficiency curve can be shifted in the context of the present invention so that a second or shifted efficiency curve (narrow dashed line) is obtained.
  • a second operating point which lies on the n(M) curve between points nO and MO, is characterized by a low speed n and a high torque M.
  • the maximum M2 of the shifted efficiency curve corresponds to the torque value M2 of this second operating point of the machine tool 1.
  • the shift in the maximum torque from a value M1 to a value M2 is indicated by the arrow from left to right in the upper area of FIG.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'utilisation d'une machine-outil. La machine-outil comprend un outil, en particulier un foret, et un moteur, le moteur étant un moteur électrique sans balais. Un rapport de vitesse conçu électroniquement est mis en œuvre dans la machine-outil, grâce auquel une vitesse circonférentielle au niveau de l'outil de la machine-outil peut être maintenue pratiquement constante, un écart de vitesse de rotation DELTA_n supérieur à 2 étant obtenu par une conception, un dimensionnement et/ou une régulation du moteur. Selon un second aspect, l'invention concerne un appareil à outil, par exemple un appareil de carottage, au moyen duquel le procédé proposé peut être mis en œuvre. Un avantage essentiel de l'invention réside dans le fait que l'écart de vitesse de rotation DELTA_n supérieur à 2 est atteint sans transmission mécanique au niveau de la machine-outil. Au lieu de cela, un rapport de vitesse conçu électroniquement est utilisé dans la présente invention.
EP22708571.9A 2021-03-11 2022-03-02 Procédé d'utilisation d'une machine-outil, et machine-outil Pending EP4304814A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21162050.5A EP4056323A1 (fr) 2021-03-11 2021-03-11 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine-outil et machine-outil
PCT/EP2022/055239 WO2022189224A1 (fr) 2021-03-11 2022-03-02 Procédé d'utilisation d'une machine-outil, et machine-outil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4304814A1 true EP4304814A1 (fr) 2024-01-17

Family

ID=74871265

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21162050.5A Withdrawn EP4056323A1 (fr) 2021-03-11 2021-03-11 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine-outil et machine-outil
EP22708571.9A Pending EP4304814A1 (fr) 2021-03-11 2022-03-02 Procédé d'utilisation d'une machine-outil, et machine-outil

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21162050.5A Withdrawn EP4056323A1 (fr) 2021-03-11 2021-03-11 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine-outil et machine-outil

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20240123593A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP4056323A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022189224A1 (fr)

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DE2930856A1 (de) * 1979-07-30 1981-02-19 Hilti Ag Vorrichtung zum bohren von gestein
FR2517999B1 (fr) * 1981-12-15 1985-06-21 Peugeot Outillage Elect Perceuse portative a plusieurs vitesses
US4696352A (en) * 1986-03-17 1987-09-29 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Insert for a drilling tool bit and a method of drilling therewith
US5038084A (en) * 1990-08-15 1991-08-06 Wing Thomas W Drill motor control
US5497841A (en) * 1991-03-14 1996-03-12 William Mohlenhoff Methods for coring a masonry wall
JP2982546B2 (ja) * 1993-03-25 1999-11-22 株式会社日立製作所 硬脆性材の穴加工方法
US5865571A (en) * 1997-06-17 1999-02-02 Norton Company Non-metallic body cutting tools
TW434363B (en) * 1999-10-22 2001-05-16 Mitsubishi Materials Corp High speed drilling apparatus and method
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US20030007835A1 (en) * 2001-06-19 2003-01-09 Jurshak Stephen W. Pavement corer and method
JP3698141B2 (ja) * 2002-01-18 2005-09-21 マックス株式会社 コアドリル
DE10252086B4 (de) * 2002-11-08 2007-03-29 Reiden Technik Ag Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere Fräsmaschine, sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Werkzeugmaschine
US7484578B2 (en) * 2006-01-17 2009-02-03 U.S. Saws, Inc. Hole coring system
DE102008009233A1 (de) * 2008-02-04 2009-08-06 REMS-WERK Christian Föll und Söhne GmbH & Co KG Antriebsgerät für Werkzeuge, vorzugsweise für Kernbohrkronen
EP2569120B1 (fr) * 2010-04-16 2015-01-21 Husqvarna AB Dispositif de perçage pourvu d'un dispositif de commande pour l'unité d'acheminement
US8668032B2 (en) * 2011-01-25 2014-03-11 Christopher Dale Langhart Core drill bit
DE102012214977A1 (de) * 2012-08-23 2014-02-27 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern eines Elektromotors einer Handwerkzeugmaschine
EP2915632A1 (fr) * 2014-03-07 2015-09-09 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Passage de vitesses adaptatif
EP2915633A1 (fr) * 2014-03-07 2015-09-09 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Affichage de puissance adaptatif
EP3088150A1 (fr) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-02 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Génération adaptative de paramètres de forage lors de carottage automatisé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4056323A1 (fr) 2022-09-14
US20240123593A1 (en) 2024-04-18
WO2022189224A1 (fr) 2022-09-15

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