EP4273341A1 - Elément de paroi, de plafond ou de toit avec cadre - Google Patents

Elément de paroi, de plafond ou de toit avec cadre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4273341A1
EP4273341A1 EP23171285.2A EP23171285A EP4273341A1 EP 4273341 A1 EP4273341 A1 EP 4273341A1 EP 23171285 A EP23171285 A EP 23171285A EP 4273341 A1 EP4273341 A1 EP 4273341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceiling
wall
shell
lugs
wooden
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23171285.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Lütkenhaus
Dirk Spielbrink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
B Luetkenhaus GmbH
Original Assignee
B Luetkenhaus GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102022124008.8A external-priority patent/DE102022124008A1/de
Application filed by B Luetkenhaus GmbH filed Critical B Luetkenhaus GmbH
Publication of EP4273341A1 publication Critical patent/EP4273341A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/50Self-supporting slabs specially adapted for making floors ceilings, or roofs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B2005/232Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
    • E04B2005/237Separate connecting elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2002/3488Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by frame like structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall, ceiling or roof element which is designed as a hybrid prefabricated part.
  • a generic hybrid prefabricated part is known from practice in the form of a wooden beam ceiling with only an upper concrete shell and serves as a floor ceiling in buildings.
  • This shell is supported by several wooden elements, which are designed as wooden beams and on which the shell not only rests, but which are statically activated, i.e. connected to the shell in such a way that not only compressive forces, but also thrust forces from the shell can be transferred to the beams, as occurs, for example, when the hybrid prefabricated part is subjected to bending stress.
  • the shell connected to the beams enables rapid construction progress as a hybrid prefabricated part and due to the high degree of prefabrication.
  • the beams may be visible from the lower floor of the building.
  • the beams In order to create a smooth underside of the floor ceiling, this is also known, the beams must be provided with a cover from below, for example in the form of wood-based panels, interior fittings, drywall, lightweight construction or plasterboard.
  • a cover only represents a visual disguise, which is hung under the wooden beams and is not statically activated. It is therefore taken into account when calculating the statics of the floor ceiling as an additional, suspended load, so that any existing lower cover cannot be described as a statically positive shell and therefore cannot be described as "statically activated" in the sense of the present proposal.
  • prefabricated concrete parts are known from practice which are used as wall elements, so-called double walls or thermal walls, and have two concrete shells which are connected to one another using generally metallic connectors.
  • the connectors are typically made of steel.
  • the two shells can be of different thicknesses.
  • the two concrete shells can only be statically activated in conjunction with the necessary in-situ concrete casting of the inner cavity.
  • the same principle applies to the thermal wall, however, in that the shell inside the building with the required in-situ concrete casting serves as a load-bearing wall element, the insulation, which is also located in the inner cavity, serves for thermal protection, and the external concrete shell serves as weather protection and as an architecturally designable external view.
  • a ceiling or wall element Apart from the already mentioned use as a ceiling or wall element, generic prefabricated concrete parts can also be used as a roof element, both on flat and pitched roofs.
  • the invention accordingly relates to a wall, ceiling or roof element, whereby for reasons of linguistic simplification and due to the predominant use, the element according to the invention is often referred to below as a wall or ceiling element.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a hybrid prefabricated part that enables a high thermal insulation effect, a high proportion of renewable raw materials and all the advantages of prefabricated construction in an ecologically advantageous manner and which also largely meets static and architectural requirements without additional measures.
  • the invention proposes a hybrid prefabricated part in which the wooden element is connected to the shell via brackets known as lugs, i.e. specially manufactured components, in such a way that the lugs are glued to the wooden element on the one hand and to the shell on the other hand connect.
  • the connection to the shell can, for example, be made materially through a type of mineral bonding, for example if the lugs, similar to the shell, are also made of a concrete material.
  • a mechanical connection can be made using tie rods that extend from the lugs, and in particular, for example, from the wooden element through the lugs, into the shell. If a layer of reinforcing material is arranged in the shell, e.g. B.
  • the lugs can be accommodated in the shell in a form-fitting manner.
  • Gluing the lugs to the wooden element ensures that deformations are avoided, which would otherwise occur, e.g. B. with a screw connection with a correspondingly high tightening torque, cannot be ruled out.
  • the shear forces that occur, for example, when the wall or ceiling element bends, are greater between a lug and the wooden element than within the wooden element itself, and the gluing of the lug to the wooden element ensures optimal force transmission between these two components, so that the thrust forces can be absorbed and transmitted.
  • a proposed hybrid prefabricated part has the advantage that the shell and the wooden element do not necessarily have to contact each other . This can be advantageous for the wooden element, as it is better protected against moisture absorption and any associated infestation, such as mold. A significant amount of adhesive can also be saved, which is not only economically but also ecologically advantageous, especially when the wall or ceiling element is later recycled. The lower amount of adhesive required also means that the wall or ceiling element is designed to be more CO 2 -friendly than with a higher adhesive content.
  • the lugs have a mineral material, whereby natural and/or artificial stones can be used, such as granite, concrete or the like.
  • fiber materials in particular can be contained in the collars, for example steel, plastic and/or carbon fibers or the like, in order to be able to increase the resilience.
  • the lugs are made of a concrete material. Due to the inherent rigidity of the lugs, an excellently even pressure distribution is achieved when the lugs are pressed onto the wooden element, e.g. for gluing. They therefore enable a correspondingly reliable bonding, especially when adhesives are used that have to be processed with a certain pressure.
  • the wall or ceiling element has not just one, but two opposing shells, whereby the second shell can advantageously also be made of concrete in favor of a particularly high static load capacity.
  • the wooden element is connected not only to the first, but to both shells using the lugs and in the type of static activation.
  • the wooden element is designed as a beam. This can affect a single one of several wooden elements, or several or all wooden elements can be designed as beams.
  • the wooden element is designed as a plate.
  • This can be a single one of several panels, or several or all wooden elements can be designed as panels.
  • a panel in the sense of the present proposal has dimensions parallel to the shell of the wall or ceiling element, which are referred to as length and width and are greater than the dimension that the wooden element has transversely to the shell and as the height of the Wooden element is called.
  • the wall or ceiling element can have both one or more beams and one or more plates, or it can only have beams or only several plates, or it can have a single plate
  • the length and width are so large that they essentially extend over the entire surface of the shell.
  • the lugs are each connected in a tensile manner to the wooden element with the aid of at least one connecting element, so that they are secured against forces which the lugs tend to pull away from the wooden element. In this way it is ensured that a desired contact pressure can be maintained with which the lugs rest against the wooden element.
  • This is particularly, but not only, advantageous when using adhesives that require a specific contact pressure and/or a specific contact time.
  • the tightening torque for such a screw connection can be low compared to a screw fastening and only needs to ensure that the collar is fixed in position until the adhesive has hardened. Clamping clamps, pneumatic or hydraulic presses or the like can be used as connecting elements.
  • the connecting element enables the joint handling of a wooden element with a lug arranged thereon even if the bond has not yet hardened, namely because the lug and the wooden element are fixed relative to one another by means of the connecting element. In this way, the time required to produce the wall or ceiling element can be reduced, which is economically advantageous.
  • the connecting elements mentioned are designed as screws. This makes it easier to handle the wooden element together with the lugs held on it, because an obstructive protrusion to the outside can be avoided, which could otherwise be caused by the connecting elements, for example in the form of the clamping clamps mentioned.
  • the screws can remain as lost elements in the wall or ceiling element, so that, for example, the wooden element provided with the lugs can be pressed into the freshly cast concrete shell and In this way, a high production speed can be achieved in the manufacture of the wall or ceiling element.
  • the lugs can only be pressed into the concrete material to such an extent that they are only partially immersed in the concrete material and a distance remains between the wooden element and the concrete material.
  • the lugs each have at least one through hole which is intended to receive a screw.
  • this configuration can ensure precise guidance of the screws, since the through hole is arranged at the factory in the optimal location during the production of the lugs, so that the screws are optimally positioned in order to ensure that the contact pressure between the lug and the wooden element is as uniform as possible during the curing time of the adhesive to ensure the entire contact area.
  • the lugs are each connected in a tensile manner to the wooden element with the aid of not just one, but at least two connecting elements, the two connecting elements not directly adjoining one another, but being arranged at a distance from one another.
  • an anti-twist device is created, so that the desired position of the respective knob is reliably maintained in relation to the wooden element. This is particularly advantageous if the wooden element with the lugs attached to it is to be handled as long as the adhesive has not yet completely hardened.
  • a second advantage of this design is that it is particularly uniform Distribution of the pressure force with which the lug rests on the wooden element, even with elongated lugs.
  • the lugs bridge a distance in which the wooden elements extend from the shells.
  • this is advantageous for the wood material of the wooden element, e.g. for its ventilation.
  • the distance supports a decoupling of the wooden element from the shell, which is advantageous, for example, with regard to the transmission of structure-borne noise.
  • the decoupling is also advantageous as a thermal decoupling, as this results in improved fire protection.
  • the lugs have a cross section that continuously widens in one direction. Due to the conicity of the lugs, this makes it easier to remove the lugs from a mold or formwork if the lugs are manufactured using a casting process, as is typical for concrete components, for example.
  • the lugs each have two opposite, different surfaces, of which a first surface is referred to as the beam side because it is intended to rest on a wooden element of the wall or ceiling element, with a beam being the name of this first surface, purely by way of example the knob was used.
  • the opposite second surface is referred to as the shell side because it is intended to rest on a shell of the wall or ceiling element.
  • the cross section of the lug is reduced from its shell side. In this way, an undercut is created in the concrete when the side of the collar dips into the material of the shell when the shell is poured. This enables a positive connection between the lug and the shell.
  • the lugs can have two opposite sections, referred to as end faces, in the longitudinal direction of the wooden element, and furthermore have two opposite sections, referred to as long sides, in the transverse direction of the wooden element, with the cross section of the lug extending from its shell side either not at all or less reduced on the front sides than on the long sides.
  • the shear forces that act between the wooden element and the shell when the wall or ceiling element bends tend to cause a relative movement between the wooden element and the shell.
  • the two shells are coupled to the wooden elements using tie rods. In this way, a connection of the components of the wall or ceiling element is achieved over its entire cross section, namely from one shell to the opposite shell.
  • the tie rods can each be designed as a washer head screw, the head of which is arranged within one of the two shells.
  • the washer head screws Commercially available components are used that are economically available and are ideal as tie rods, and which are also structurally designed to transmit sufficiently high tensile forces.
  • washer head screws made of corrosion-resistant materials are available, such as stainless steel, which ensures the desired effect of the tension elements over a long period of use of the wall or ceiling element.
  • the tie rods on a beam run exclusively from the wooden element to a single one of the two shells.
  • the connection across the entire cross section of the wall or ceiling element is achieved by connecting another wooden element to the other shell using the tie rods.
  • the tie rods, which are arranged on the same wooden element can project in opposite directions, so that the same wooden element is connected to both shells by means of the tie rods. In this way, the most stable connection possible between the wall or ceiling element is achieved from one shell to the opposite shell.
  • the tie rods extend through a layer of reinforcing material that is arranged within the respective shell. This causes a reduction in the load acting on the concrete material because the tensile force acts on the reinforcing material and is distributed by it over a larger area, for example if the reinforcing material is designed as a wire mesh mat.
  • the tie rods extend from the wooden element to over the reinforcing material of the shell, but that they do not protrude to the outside of the respective shell, but rather where they protrude into the shell End are completely covered by the concrete material of the shell. In this way, a closed outside of the shell is made possible, which, for example, supports protection of the wall or ceiling element against moisture penetration.
  • the lugs which are located on the same wooden element, are arranged at different distances from one another on the wooden element.
  • the arrangement or distribution of the lugs along the wooden element is carried out, for example, in adaptation to the structurally intended load, in order to use as few lugs as possible.
  • the overall amount of material required for the wall and ceiling element is reduced in this way, in terms of the number of lugs, connecting elements, tie rods and adhesive required, which is economically and ecologically advantageous, and ultimately this also results in a reduction in assembly effort and thus required manufacturing time for the wall or ceiling element.
  • the lugs are comparatively small in relation to the dimensions of the wall or ceiling element and have edge lengths on their beam and shell sides that are in the range of 10 to 15 cm.
  • a corresponding number of lugs can be used in this design instead of choosing larger dimensions of the lugs. Given the small areas to be glued, unevenness in the surfaces to be glued, warping of the wooden element or similar influences have a significantly less impact than with larger ones Dimensions of the knob and a correspondingly larger adhesive surface.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a wall or ceiling element that is designed as a hybrid prefabricated part 1.
  • Two shells 2, 3 made of concrete form the two outer sides of the prefabricated part 1.
  • Beams 4 run as webs between the shells 2, 3.
  • the viewing direction is chosen transversely to the bars 4.
  • the visible beam 4 is connected to the two shells 2, 3 by means of several lugs 5.
  • the lugs 5 are glued to the beam 4 and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are designed in the form of a truncated cone with a rectangular cross section.
  • the lugs 5 each have an elongated, rectangular cross section in the longitudinal direction of the beam 4, with two shorter, opposite end faces 6 at the narrower ends, which lie opposite one another in the longitudinal direction of the beam 4, and with two longer, opposite long sides, which lie in the longitudinal direction of the beam 4 run.
  • the lugs 5 are each provided with two through holes 7, which are in the cutting plane of Fig. 1 lie and are arranged one behind the other at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the beam 4.
  • the through holes 7 are used for the defined arrangement of connecting elements, e.g. B. Spax screws, so that the beam 4 and the lugs 5 are each firmly connected to one another and are already fixed in position relative to one another when the adhesive has not yet set and is fully resilient.
  • the end faces 6 of the lugs 5 do not run obliquely in the direction shown, but rather run, for example, at right angles to the surface of the shells 2, 3, or so that they are at a more obtuse angle, a 90 ° Angle closer to the surface of the shells 2, 3. In this way, a wedge or gap effect is avoided with which the lugs 5 would act on the shells 2, 3 if shear forces act in the longitudinal direction of the beam 4 and seek to cause a relative movement between the beam 4 and the shells 2, 3.
  • the distances between the individual lugs 5 are unequal to one another, in adaptation to the respectively calculated static load on the finished part 1.
  • Fig. 2 also shows a cross section through the finished part 1, but looking in the longitudinal direction of the beams 4. It can be seen that the finished part 1 has several webs in the form of several beams 4 between the shells 2, 3. It's still over Fig. 2 It can be seen that the through holes 7 are arranged on the center line of the lugs 5.
  • the lugs 5 have long sides 8, which, like the end faces 6, each connect two opposite surfaces of the lugs 5 to one another and run obliquely. Of these two surfaces a first, so-called beam side 9 lies against the beam 4, while the opposite second surface is referred to as the shell side 10 and lies against a shell 2, 3 of the wall or ceiling element.
  • the cross section of the lug 5 decreases from its shell side 10, so that a dovetail-shaped positive fit of the lug 5 with the respective shell 2, 3 is created.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section of the finished part 1 in the same direction as Fig. 2 .
  • a tie rod 11 can be seen, which is designed as a plate head screw, with a shaft 12 and a plate head 14.
  • the tie rod 11 extends through a layer of reinforcing material 15, indicated by dashed lines, which is arranged within the shell 3, whereby the plate head 14 is covered by the concrete material of the shell 3 and is therefore located between the reinforcing material 15 and an outer surface 16 of the finished part 1.
  • Tensile forces that occur are therefore partly absorbed by the reinforcing material 15 and, compared to the plate head 14, distributed over a larger area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP23171285.2A 2022-05-03 2023-05-03 Elément de paroi, de plafond ou de toit avec cadre Pending EP4273341A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022110912 2022-05-03
DE102022124008.8A DE102022124008A1 (de) 2022-05-03 2022-09-19 Wand-, Decken- oder Dachelement mit Knaggen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4273341A1 true EP4273341A1 (fr) 2023-11-08

Family

ID=86328705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23171285.2A Pending EP4273341A1 (fr) 2022-05-03 2023-05-03 Elément de paroi, de plafond ou de toit avec cadre

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4273341A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT235533B (de) * 1961-12-02 1964-09-10 Elastizell Dr A Sommer Wandtafelgerippe zum Aufbau einer Verbundplatte aus Holz und vergußfähigen Stoffen
DE1929713U (de) * 1965-10-01 1965-12-23 Herbert Ernst Statisch tragende platte.
US6122880A (en) * 1996-04-15 2000-09-26 Josef Kolb Building module and building module system for producing flat construction, especially walls
WO2015097663A1 (fr) * 2013-12-24 2015-07-02 Morelli Enzo Connecteur anti-glissement répondant aux contraintes produites par la traction et la compression
EP3868970A1 (fr) * 2020-02-21 2021-08-25 Apb2 Dalle mixte préfabriquée pour la construction notamment de planchers ou de murs et procédé de fabrication

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT235533B (de) * 1961-12-02 1964-09-10 Elastizell Dr A Sommer Wandtafelgerippe zum Aufbau einer Verbundplatte aus Holz und vergußfähigen Stoffen
DE1929713U (de) * 1965-10-01 1965-12-23 Herbert Ernst Statisch tragende platte.
US6122880A (en) * 1996-04-15 2000-09-26 Josef Kolb Building module and building module system for producing flat construction, especially walls
WO2015097663A1 (fr) * 2013-12-24 2015-07-02 Morelli Enzo Connecteur anti-glissement répondant aux contraintes produites par la traction et la compression
EP3868970A1 (fr) * 2020-02-21 2021-08-25 Apb2 Dalle mixte préfabriquée pour la construction notamment de planchers ou de murs et procédé de fabrication

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