Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
  • B05B1/32—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
  • A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
  • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
  • A62C31/03—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing adjustable, e.g. from spray to jet or vice versa
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
  • B01F25/25—Mixing by jets impinging against collision plates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
  • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
  • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
  • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
  • B01F25/4335—Mixers with a converging-diverging cross-section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
  • B05B1/12—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means capable of producing different kinds of discharge, e.g. either jet or spray
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
  • B05B12/002—Manually-actuated controlling means, e.g. push buttons, levers or triggers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
  • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
  • B05B7/0483—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with gas and liquid jets intersecting in the mixing chamber
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
  • B05B7/1209—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling means for each liquid or other fluent material being manual and interdependent

Definitions

• TITLE DEVICE FOR GENERATION OF A TWO-PHASE FLUID JET
• the present invention relates to the field of production and propulsion of a two-phase mixture of at least one gas and one liquid, in particular for extinguishing a fire, cooling equipment , the formation of a mist.
• Mixing takes place in a nozzle where the interaction of a high velocity stream of gas with a water jet atomizes water droplets in the water jet to form a mist of very small or minute droplets, thus forming a two-phase mixture of water mist droplets entrained and transported by the gas stream.
• Such diphasic mixtures have remarkable cooling performance and limit the damage caused by water and fumes by causing weak and localized wetting, the absence of any surrounding nuisance.
• These mixtures are produced either by fixed installations placed, for example, on the ceiling of an industrial, tertiary or residential building, a tunnel, the cabin of an airplane or a ship, or even in a pilot's suit. aircraft or an industrial equipment operator, or even by installations located on industrial sites or in forest areas, or by portable equipment in the form of fire hoses operated by a firefighter or by a vehicle self-contained motorized.
• the gas supplying the nozzle can be an inert gas, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, or simply air, or even oxygen.
• French patent FR2376384 describes a snow gun intended to spray water particles into sufficiently cold air so that they freeze before they even touch the ground.
• This device consists of a fairing of convergent-divergent shape open at the rear for the admission of ambient air. Inside this fairing is positioned an olive device intended to adjust the flow rate of a primary air-water mixture.
• This flow control device has a convergent-divergent mixer supplied with an air flow and a peripheral water flow, emerging coaxially in the convergent part of the mixer.
• the water duct opens into a tubular duct coaxial with the air duct, with an angular orientation, such that the liquid flow is directed towards the outer surface of the air supply duct.
• This liquid stream is then deflected in a tubular section coaxial with the air supply conduit opening into the mixer to form two substantially laminar and coaxial phases.
• Patent DE10004534 describes a device for implementing the method in which the direction of flow of the massage jet that can be emitted by the hydromassage nozzle is influenced without moving components of the hydromassage nozzle are necessary for this, object, in which preferably the duration of discharge and the time between two delivery times, the pause time which is influenced by massage jets which can be emitted from the massage nozzle in different directions of flow.
• French patent FR2766108A1 describes a device for generating a two-phase fluid comprising a wall delimiting a chamber generating this fluid, provided with a first end intended to be connected to a pressurized liquid supply source and a second two-phase fluid distribution end extended by an accelerating nozzle, this wall being perforated by at least one opening through which a pressurized gas enters, device characterized in that it comprises means for dividing the chamber, over the whole or part of its length, into at least two channels.
• Patent GB865434 relates to the field of guns for projecting grinding or polishing material in a jet or spray, of the type comprising a gun body having a nozzle at the front and passages longitudinally along respectively for the abrasive material and air or other pressurized gas to project the abrasive material from the nozzle and this invention relates to an efficient form of spray gun and a spray gun in which wear by the abrasive material is reduced at least.
• GB951589A discloses a powder spray extinguisher comprising a barrel carrying a circular cylindrical rubber discharge nozzle engaged at diametrically opposite positions by a pair of transverse rods carried by radially outwardly angled rocker arms. The two arms are engaged by a lip of a flared sleeve which is slidably guided over the barrel to adjust the velocity of the jet.
• Patent DE90013 describes an adjustable nozzle in the form of a narrow slot, the purpose of which is to give the emerging propellant jet a thin and flat shape, which makes it possible to obtain a greater contact surface with the liquid. to be processed with respect to the cross section.
• the tube or nozzle into or through which the liquid to be treated is drawn or forced is suitably chosen to be of flat, rectangular or approximately such cross-section.
• this cross-section must be shaped or curved longitudinally (i.e. in the direction of flow) such that changes in cross-section or shape or direction occur gradually, so that the liquid to be moved only opposes a slight resistance to its passage, while being brought into contact with the propellant jet.
• the prior art patent FR2376384 produces, for example, artificial snow formed by large frozen flakes, several millimeters or even one or more centimeters, absolutely not suitable for extinguishing a fire.
• the solutions of the prior art are in particular sensitive to the flow rate ratio of the gaseous phase/flow rate of the liquid phase, and when the ratio drifts with respect to the optimum value, the droplets are not correctly micronized. It is therefore not possible to modulate the flow rate and the dilution rate without losing efficiency. Furthermore, the solutions of the prior art generally require a pressure and therefore a high flow rate for the gaseous phase, which limits the possibilities of use for portable equipment that does not make it possible to transport a reserve of gas that is too voluminous and cumbersome. Solution provided by the invention
• the present invention relates in its most general sense to a device for generating a two-phase fluid jet according to claim 1.
• FIG. 1 shows a view according to a first longitudinal section plane of a nozzle according to the invention
• FIG. 2 represents a view according to a second longitudinal section plane, perpendicular to the previous one, of a nozzle according to the invention
• FIG. 3 represents a cutaway sectional view of a nozzle according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a deformable nozzle according to a variant of the invention
• FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the deformable sleeve in the deployed position according to the variant of the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the deformable sleeve in the pinched position according to the variant of the invention
• FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the deformable sleeve and movable adjustment jaws according to the variant of the invention
• FIGURE 8 Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the deformable nozzle without the movable jaws
• Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the deformable nozzle in the open position without the fixed jaws
• FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of the deformable nozzle in the pinched position without the fixed jaws and with a single movable jaw
• FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a multifunction control handle of a lance according to another variant of the invention
• Figure 12 shows a cross-sectional view of said multifunction control handle.
• the complete system comprises a nozzle, which can optionally be extended by a variable geometry ejection nozzle, with a multifunction control handle and optionally peripheral elements to form, for example, portable equipment.
• the aim is to form a mist of water droplets with a section of less than 400 micrometers and preferably less than 90 micrometers.
• the water mist in finely divided droplet form constitutes a biphasic extinguishing agent produced “in situ” at the nozzle.
• the action of the water mist is based on several mechanisms, often combined: a) The cooling of the flame resulting from the large exchange surface and the high speed of vaporization. Water is a very good thermal trap. Raising one kilogram of liquid water from 20°C to 100°C requires 335 kJ/kg and vaporizing it requires an additional 2257 kJ/kg, for a total of 2592 kJ/kg.
• the fineness of the water mist droplets implies a large exchange surface allowing its potential to be exploited evaporation and absorption of calories. As they evaporate, the droplets, in contact with the hot zones (near the flame) generate a volume of vapor which contributes to locally depleting the oxygen concentration. The cooling of the flame contributes to its extinction.
• the water droplets are transformed into vapour, which helps to locally reduce the oxygen concentration.
• each of the elements can be used with an additional element other than that described or even the subject of this patent: the nozzle which is the subject of the patent can be extended by a nozzle other than that proposed by this patent, just as the nozzle described can be used with nozzles other than those covered by this patent. The same applies to all the elements which are the subject of a detailed description.
• Figures 1 to 3 show views of an exemplary implementation of the invention for the production of a nozzle intended in particular for extinguishing fires, from a powered fire hose by a two-phase supply pipe or by a water supply pipe, the gaseous phase coming from a portable compressed gas cylinder connected by a second pipe, or even from an autonomous robot equipped with such a nozzle, or even fixed equipment, for example a support placed on the ground in a forest terrain, in an industrial site, or a building or even a ship or an airplane.
• the nozzle is composed, in the non-limiting example described, of several parts connected by screwing or any other mechanical connection with seals: a connection plate (100), a control body (200), an intermediate body (300) and a mixing chamber (400).
• the nozzle is traversed by a main channel (1), axial, opening into the mixing chamber (400) coaxial.
• This main channel (1) extends from an eccentric threaded connection (101) to a ring (301) opening into the mixing chamber (400). It passes through a plug valve (201) for controlling the gas flow fitted with a spherical body (202) actuated by a rod not visible in FIGS. 1 and 2 actuated by a connecting rod or motorized system.
• the main channel (1) is intended for supplying the gas phase, for example compressed air, an inert gas such as nitrogen.
• the compressed gas is air, serving both for the production of the mist and incidentally for supplying a breathing mask intended for a human operator.
• the supply plate (100) has a second threaded connection (151) for connecting a supply pipe with the liquid phase, for example pressurized water. It opens into the control body (200) through a conduit placed in a plane not visible in Figures 1 and 2, in a second ball valve (251) provided with a body (252) actuated by a rod (253) , manually operated or motorized.
• this second ball valve (251) opens into a radial conduit (270) opening into an annular chamber (260) coaxial with the main channel (1).
• this radial duct (270) also leads to the outer wall of the control body (200) by a threaded connection (271) allowing the connection of a supply pipe for a secondary fluid. When not in use, this threaded connection (271) is sealed by a screw cap (272).
• the intermediate body (300) ensures the transmission of the two fluids from the control body (200) to the mixing chamber (400). It comprises the main channel (1), arranged along the longitudinal axis of the intermediate body (300) and the mixing chamber (400), and one or more secondary ducts (301, 302), typically a bundle of secondary ducts s extending from said annular chamber (260) to the inlet of the mixing chamber (400). These secondary ducts (301, 302) are oriented along axes (311, 312) forming with respect to the longitudinal axis (10) an angle of about 10°, typically between 8 and 15°.
• the main air channel (1) and the secondary liquid duct(s) (301, 302) open into the same transverse plane (306), perpendicular to the axis of the main air channel (1), in a volume hollow located in the converging part (410) of the mixing chamber.
• the axes (311, 312) defining with the generatrix (413) of the cone of the converging part (410) an angle of approximately 30°.
• the mixing chamber (400) forms a so-called Laval nozzle. It is formed by a rectilinear duct with variable section, consisting of a convergent part (410) extended by a divergent part (420) with a constriction (430) between these two parts (410, 420).
• the tubular volume crossing the chamber longitudinally is totally free and devoid of any obstacle and device likely to restrict the flow of the mixed fluid.
• the converging part (410) is configured so that an annular zone (411) is in the extension of the axes (311, 312) of the secondary conduits respectively (301 to 305), without any obstacle or wall between the outlet of said secondary ducts (301 to 305) and the wall of this convergent annular zone (411).
• the frustoconical volume defined by the convergent part (410) is devoid of any obstacle to form a hollow volume into which opens at the upstream base defined by the transverse plane (306) the main air supply channel (1) and the secondary liquid ducts (301 to 305) which are oriented at a non-zero angle with respect to the axis of the main air supply channel (1) so that the jet of water emerging from these secondary liquid (301 to 305) are oriented directly towards the surface of the converging part (410) of the mixing chamber, upstream of the narrowest part.
• This configuration is essential so that the liquid jet comes to break on the surface of the converging part (410) and atomizes the liquid flow into a drop projected into the central vein in the jet of the gaseous phase and creates turbulence in the convergent part (410) before being driven by the central vein through the throat (430) into the divergent part (420) of the nozzle, for example a so-called Laval configuration.
• This divergent part (420) also of flared frustoconical shape, is completely hollow and devoid of any obstacle or part capable of completely or partially blocking the vein passing through the convergent-divergent mixing chamber.
• This convergent-divergent mixing chamber opens directly into a deformable nozzle connected in a sealed manner, without passage of air from outside the nozzle.
• FIG. 5 to 10 relate to a deformable nozzle device for two-phase jet comprising a mixture of at least one liquid phase and a gas, with a system of movable jaws.
• the deformation of the end of the nozzle makes it possible to have jets of different shapes, grain sizes and projection distance.
• This deformable nozzle device complements the nozzle described above. However, it could also be adapted to other solutions of pressurized two-phase mixture generators, in particular to solutions already marketed or known from the prior art.
• FIG 4 shows an overview of an embodiment of such a nozzle. It comprises a deformable sleeve (500) of which FIGS. 5 and 6 show views in the open and pinched position respectively.
• This deformable sleeve (500) is placed between two fixed jaws (510, 520) and two movable jaws (530, 540) actuated by control pistons (531, 541).
• the fixed (510, 520) and mobile (530, 540) jaws are integral with a rigid base (550) adaptable to the nozzle described above or to a nozzle for diffusing a pressurized two-phase jet having a vein of a diameter close to that of the inlet of the sleeve (500).
• the deformation of the sleeve (500) is carried out by the angular displacement of the two movable jaws (530, 540) whose rear end is articulated to allow pivoting with respect to a transverse axis respectively (531, 541) passing through the base ( 550) and the rear end of the fixed jaws respectively (510, 520).
• the sleeve (500) forms at its output a variable configuration between a circular shape and a flattened shape where it has a slot (501) of low height delimited by the edges of the sleeve forming two transverse lips.
• the front end of the sleeve (501) conforms to the interior shape of the movable jaws (530, 540).
• the front parts of the fixed jaws (510, 520) have series of grooves (512, 522) oriented in parallel transverse planes.
• grooves (512, 522) are inserted between complementary grooves (532, 542) oriented in parallel transverse planes, provided at the front part of the movable jaws (530, 540), to provide guidance during the angular displacement of the movable jaws (530, 540) to change the configuration of the sleeve (500).
• the jet composed of the gas and liquid mixture has different fluidic characteristics depending on whether the sleeve is pinched (moving jaws (530, 540) closed) or in the open position (moving jaws (530, 540) separated
• the grain size is finer and the angle of the jet opening cone is more open when the outlet is pinched.
• the geometric configuration in the open or pinched position is not limited to a circular or pinched shape, but can take other shapes.
• the sleeve (500) shown in Figure 5 consists of a piece of flexible material, for example neoprene, natural rubber or a flexible polymer or a textile coated with rubber. It has a neck (502) extended by a deformable tubular part leading to an outlet (501). On the other side, the neck (502) rests on a base (503) providing the sealed junction with the front surface of the nozzle or of a fitting.
• the front part (501) of the sleeve (500) has two protrusions (504, 505) diametrically opposed. They allow anchoring of the front part (501) in complementary cavities (535, 545) provided on the front inner surface of the two movable jaws (530, 540).
• the rear part of the movable jaws (530, 540) have inclined ramps (536, 546) against which the ends of the rods (531 541) to control the tilting of the movable jaws (530, 540).
• Figures 8 to 10 show the nozzle being assembled.
• the rigid base (550) has a rear surface complementary to that of the nozzle to allow a sealed assembly, for example using a quick coupling.
• the base (550) has two notches (551, 552) diametrically opposed to allow the passage of the connecting rods (531; 541).
• the assembly between the rigid base (550) and the movable jaws (530, 540) is achieved by axes (537, 547) transverse.
• FIG. 11 represents a view of an assembly for diffusing a two-phase jet using a system comprising a nozzle producing a two-phase jet, in particular a nozzle according to the invention described above associated with a variable-geometry nozzle, in particular a variable-geometry nozzle according to the invention described above.
• the body (700) has a connector (704) allowing the connection of an oxygen or breathable air supply pipe of a protective mask worn by the operator in order to allow him to continue his action in a stale or smoky environment.
• the body (700) and/or the secondary body (702) also comprises rails (706, 707) for attaching accessories, for example a flashlight or a camera.
• the body (700) comprises a tilting handle (705) actuating a transmission member controlling the configuration of the outlet jet.
• the transmission member consists of the two connecting rods (531, 541) actuated by cams driven by the tilting handle (705). Pivots (715) ensure the articulated connection between tilting handle (705) and body (700).
• This multifunction handle enables the operator to move towards the fire and to act on the various parameters of the two-phase jet in a very intuitive manner. The operation of this handle is illustrated by Figure 12 representing a cross-sectional view
• the mechanism comprises a cam (720) articulated in rotation with respect to an eccentric transverse pivot (721).
• the outer face (722) of the cam (720) pushes the piston (730) against which the connecting rods (531, 541) come to rest to control the tightening of the front end of said movable jaws (530, 540), or loosening by releasing the handle.
• the pivoting of the cam (720) thus serves to position the nozzle shape via the jaws (620, 540) of the deformable nozzle, and this with synchronization of the opening(s) of the gas and/or liquid channels.
• the valves are controlled via the cam track (740) (for example, the left side controls the gas and the other side controls the water. Everything is operated by the handle (705), so no adjustment is necessary, all the opening/closing/flow and jet shape sequences are "programmed" by the different positions of the handle (705).

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)
• Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
• Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=76522978

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2020
  • 2020-10-30 FR FR2011157A patent/FR3115714B1/fr active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-10-26 US US18/250,946 patent/US20230405379A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-10-26 KR KR1020237017371A patent/KR20230124559A/ko unknown
  • 2021-10-26 EP EP21815553.9A patent/EP4237160A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-10-26 CA CA3196674A patent/CA3196674A1/fr active Pending
  • 2021-10-26 WO PCT/FR2021/051879 patent/WO2022090662A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2021-10-26 JP JP2023527291A patent/JP2023547683A/ja active Pending
  • 2021-10-26 IL IL302505A patent/IL302505A/en unknown
  • 2021-10-26 CN CN202180074220.7A patent/CN116615284A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-10-26 AU AU2021369644A patent/AU2021369644A1/en active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events