EP4049959B1 - Verfahren zur sicherung eines kippbaren auslegerkrans, um die winkelposition des kippbaren auslegers abzusichern - Google Patents

Verfahren zur sicherung eines kippbaren auslegerkrans, um die winkelposition des kippbaren auslegers abzusichern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4049959B1
EP4049959B1 EP22156960.1A EP22156960A EP4049959B1 EP 4049959 B1 EP4049959 B1 EP 4049959B1 EP 22156960 A EP22156960 A EP 22156960A EP 4049959 B1 EP4049959 B1 EP 4049959B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking
lock
tilting
tilt motor
configuration
Prior art date
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Application number
EP22156960.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4049959A1 (de
Inventor
Florent MOURIN
Vincent VEILLEROT
François LEMIRE
Vincent Degeorge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
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Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
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Publication of EP4049959A1 publication Critical patent/EP4049959A1/de
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/04Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs the effective length of which is variable in operation, e.g. longitudinally displaceable, extensible
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/32Detent devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/22Control systems or devices for electric drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/02Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with non-adjustable and non-inclinable jibs mounted solely for slewing movements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/82Luffing gear
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54Safety gear
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C2700/00Cranes
    • B66C2700/03Cranes with arms or jibs; Multiple cranes
    • B66C2700/0392Movement of the crane arm; Coupling of the crane arm with the counterweights; Safety devices for the movement of the arm

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of securing a tilting jib crane to secure an angular position of a tilting jib.
  • the invention lies in the field of tilting jib cranes equipped with a tilting winch incorporating a tilting motor driving a drum on which is wound a tilting cable coupled to the tilting boom to drive it in movement angular relative to the horizontal.
  • Two models of crane may be concerned by the invention, namely a luffing jib crane and an automated erection crane.
  • a luffing jib crane as for example described in the document EP 3 466 865 A1 , is a crane comprising a mast at the top of which is pivotally mounted a boom which can be raised and lowered, in other words the boom can pivot at the level of the mast to be raised, possibly to an almost vertical angular position, and be lowered until 'at a horizontal angular position.
  • This boom can be moved in raising and lowering by means of a tilting winch, also called lifting winch, integrating a motor driving a drum on which is wound a tilting cable coupled to the boom, also lifting cable.
  • a self-erecting crane also called a fold-out crane, collapsible crane or transportable crane, is a crane comprising a mast supporting a boom, such a self-erecting crane being configurable between a transport configuration in which the mast and the boom are folded onto themselves or side-by-side, and a working configuration in which the mast and boom are unfolded to perform distribution and load lifting operations.
  • This boom can be moved in raising and lowering, to be able to be folded and unfolded, by means of a tilting winch, also called a retaining winch, integrating a motor driving a drum on which is wound a tilting cable coupled to the boom, also called a retaining cable.
  • the invention concerns the locking of a tilting boom in a desired angular position, in order to maintain or retain it securely and reliably in this angular position, more or less inclined relative to the horizontal.
  • the invention aims to provide a solution for being able to securely and reliably maintain an angular position of a tilting boom, which requires a minimum of human intervention, and which offers simplification of locking/unlocking operations of the tilt winch.
  • the invention firstly proposes to use a locking plate whose locking holes are oblong and arcuate, that is to say are in the shape of an arc of a circle centered on the axis of rotation of the drum, which allows the lock to be engaged in a locking hole with circumferential play which facilitates locking and allows slight rotation of the drum; this circumferential play being dependent on the length of the locking holes and the section of the lock.
  • the invention proposes to automate at least partly the locking, with the first control of the tilt motor which aims to reach the desired angular position, by raising/lowering the tilting boom with a speed parameter limited to the first maximum speed value (which preferably corresponds to the maximum mechanically authorized value) and with a motor torque limited to the first torque limit value; such a first torque limit value being a high value allowing the tilting motor to take up the forces in all the angular positions of the tilting boom.
  • a speed parameter limited to the first maximum speed value which preferably corresponds to the maximum mechanically authorized value
  • a motor torque limited to the first torque limit value such a first torque limit value being a high value allowing the tilting motor to take up the forces in all the angular positions of the tilting boom.
  • the tilt motor's second command aims to slightly lower the tilt boom until the latch abuts against one end of the latch hole. lockdown. This lowering takes place with a speed parameter limited to the second maximum speed value (in other words at low speed), this second maximum speed value being adapted to the distance that can be covered (maximum the length of the locking hole) and the precision necessary for the proper execution of the maneuver.
  • the engine torque is limited to the second torque limit value.
  • the motor torque is still limited to the second torque limit value and the tilt motor continues to force at this second torque limit value, while the speed parameter is zero (in effect , due to the stop of the lock, the drum no longer rotates and the boom no longer lowers).
  • This zero speed phase will last for the predetermined duration (for example a few seconds) before the tilt motor is stopped, and thus the tilt winch is locked.
  • the speed parameter can correspond to the angular speed of movement of the tilting boom, or to another speed or another parameter which depends on this angular speed, such as for example a speed of rotation of the drum, engine speed, etc.
  • validation by an operator that the lock occupies the locking configuration is implemented in order to authorize the second command of the tilt motor.
  • the movement of the lock, between the locking configuration and the release configuration is carried out manually by an operator.
  • detection by a detection system that the lock occupies the locking configuration is implemented in order to authorize the second command of the tilt motor.
  • the movement of the lock, between the locking configuration and the release configuration takes place by means of an actuator.
  • the third command of the tilt motor is followed, before or after moving the lock towards the release configuration, by closing a motor brake associated with the tilt motor.
  • the engine brake is closed, at the end of the release phase, in order to retain the tilting boom thanks to this engine brake, before opening it to carry out an angular movement of the tilting boom, for example to fold it or to reach a new angular position.
  • moving the lock to the release configuration is followed by a fourth command of the tilt motor to move the tilt boom up or down, with a limitation of the speed parameter to the first maximum value of speed and a limitation of the engine torque to the first torque limit value.
  • the tilt boom can again be moved at high speed, that is to say with a clamping of the speed parameter to the first maximum speed value, and with an engine torque adapted to take up the efforts. If applicable, the motor brake is opened to operate the fourth tilt motor command.
  • validation by an operator that the lock occupies the release configuration is implemented in order to authorize the fourth command of the tilt motor.
  • detection by a detection system that the lock occupies the release configuration is implemented in order to authorize the fourth command of the tilt motor.
  • the first command of the tilt motor followed by the forward movement of the lock causes said lock to be substantially in the middle of the locking hole
  • the second control of the tilt motor causes the drum to rotate in a lowering direction in a lowering angular sector substantially equivalent to half of the locking angular sector.
  • the third control of the tilt motor causes the drum to rotate in a raising direction, opposite to the lowering direction, in an angular tilt sector substantially equivalent to half of the locking angular sector .
  • substantially equivalent means exactly equivalent or equivalent to within plus or minus 15% of the length of the locking hole.
  • the tilting jib crane is a luffing jib crane or self-erecting crane.
  • An advantageous use of the invention for an automated assembly crane is to lock and make reliable the retaining of the boom once unfolded, in other words in its working configuration.
  • An advantageous use of the invention for a crane with a luffing jib is to lock and reliably maintain the jib in any of the inclined configurations of the jib, in other words whatever its inclination.
  • a first tilting jib crane 1 is an automated assembly crane, hereinafter called crane 1, which comprises a mast 10 mounted on a platform 11, for example a rotating platform, and supporting a jib 12 of the type tilting arrow.
  • the mast 10 can be a foldable mast or a telescopic mast (as in the example illustrated) and the boom 12 is a foldable boom comprising a succession of boom elements articulated together.
  • the crane 1 thus includes a folding/unfolding mechanism which acts on the mast 10 and the boom 12 to fold and unfold the crane 1 and thus move it from the working configuration to the transport configuration, and vice versa.
  • the boom 12 is thus tiltable to the extent that, during configuration changes between the transport configuration and the working configuration, the boom 12 is more or less inclined to be able to unfold or fold.
  • This folding/unfolding mechanism thus includes a tilt winch 3 (also called a retaining winch for this model of automated erection crane) which acts on a tilting cable 35 (also called retaining cable for this model of automated erection crane) coupled to the boom 12, via return members such as pulleys and/or tie rods .
  • the tilt winch 3 of the crane 1 is placed on the platform 11.
  • a second tilting jib crane 2 is a luffing jib crane, hereinafter called crane 2, which comprises a mast 20 mounted on a platform (not visible) and supporting the tilting jib 22 pivotally mounted on the top of the mast 20 along a horizontal axis.
  • the arrow 22 can pivot to be raised, possibly to a quasi-vertical angular position, and to be lowered to a horizontal angular position.
  • the crane 2 thus includes a lifting/lowering mechanism which acts on the boom 22 to cause it to move angularly relative to the horizontal.
  • the arrow 22 is thus tiltable to the extent that it can be more or less inclined.
  • This lifting/lowering mechanism thus includes a tilting winch 3 (also called lifting winch for this luffing jib crane model) which acts on a tilting cable 35 (also called lifting cable for this luffing jib crane model).
  • lifting boom coupled to the boom 22, via return members such as pulleys and/or tie rods.
  • the tilt winch 3 of the crane 2 is arranged on a counter-jib 24, which extends the jib 22 at the level of the top of the mast 20.
  • this tilting winch 3 comprises a tilting motor 30 driving a drum 31 on which the tilting cable 35 coupled to the boom 12, 22 is wound.
  • a rotation of the drum 31 in a lifting direction leads to a winding of the tilt cable 35 around the drum 31 in order to ensure lifting of the boom 12, 22.
  • Rotation of the drum 31 in a lowering direction, opposite to the lifting direction leads to unwinding of the tilt cable 35 around the drum 31 in order to ensure a lowering of the boom 12, 22.
  • the tilt winch 3 comprises the tilt motor 30, which is a rotary electric motor, which is controlled by a frequency converter 32, with speed variator function.
  • the tilt winch 3 also includes a motor brake 33, associated with the tilt motor 30. Closing the motor brake 33 immobilizes the tilt motor 30 and the drum 31 in rotation, while the opening of this motor brake 33 authorizes the free rotation of the tilt motor 30 and the drum 31. Normally, starting the tilt motor 30 is accompanied by an opening of the motor brake 33, while stopping this tilting motor 30 is accompanied by the closing of the motor brake 33.
  • the crane also includes a control/command system 5 connected to the frequency converter 32 for controlling the motor speed of the tilt motor 30, whether in raising or lowering, and thus controlling the speed of angular movement of the boom 12, 22, in raising and lowering.
  • This control/command system 5 is also connected to the engine brake 33 to control its opening/closing.
  • the control/command system 5 is also connected to a control device 6, used to control the functions of the crane 1, 2 by a pilot or crane operator, so that the control/command system 5 receives instructions from the control device 6 for controlling the tilt motor 30 via the frequency converter 32.
  • the crane further comprises a locking system 4 capable of locking the tilt winch 3, and more precisely capable of locking the drum 31 in rotation.
  • This locking system 4 comprises a locking plate 40 secured to the drum 31 and provided of locking holes 41 distributed circumferentially, where each of these locking holes 41 is of oblong arcuate shape.
  • each locking hole 41 extends over a given locking angular sector, for example of the order of 3 to 10 degrees.
  • the locking holes 41 are distributed regularly, being spaced from each other along a circular contour centered on the axis of rotation of the drum 31.
  • the locking plate 40 has at least six locking holes 41, or even between 6 and 20 locking holes 41.
  • Each locking hole 41 has two opposite ends, and has a given width measured in a radial direction starting from the axis of rotation of the drum 31.
  • a forward movement of the latch 42 moves the latch 42 from the release configuration to the latch configuration, and a rearward movement of the latch 42 moves the latch 42 from the latch configuration to the release configuration.
  • the movement of the lock 42 can be carried out by means of an actuator, controlled by the control/command system 5, or can be carried out manually by an operator on site.
  • This lock 42 is in the form of a cylindrical rod, having a diameter substantially equivalent, except for mounting clearance, to the width of the locking holes 41, and less than the length of the locking holes 41 so that, in locking configuration, the lock 42 is engaged with circumferential clearance within a locking hole 41.
  • the drum 31 has a rotational degree of freedom between two extreme positions of the lock 42 abutting on the two respective opposite ends of the locking hole 41.
  • the crane also includes a measuring system 7 for measuring a speed parameter PM representative of an angular speed of movement of the boom 12, 22, in raising or lowering, where the control/command system 5 is connected to the control system. measurement 7 to receive the measurements of the PM speed parameter.
  • the speed parameter PM can correspond to the angular speed of movement of the arrow 12, 22, or to another speed or another parameter which depends on this angular speed, such as for example a speed of rotation of the drum 31, a motor speed, a speed setpoint, etc.
  • the crane may include a detection system 8 detecting whether the lock 42 occupies the locking configuration or the release configuration, where the control/command system 5 is connected to the detection system 8 to receive information on the configuration occupied by the lock 42.
  • this detection system 8 may comprise a first detector 81 detecting the lock 42 in the locking configuration and/or a second detector 82 detecting the lock 42 in the release configuration.
  • the or each detector 81, 82 can be of the proximity sensor, contact sensor, acoustic or visual sensor type, etc.
  • the control system 5 is configured to perform a first command of the tilt motor 30 to move the boom 12, 22 in raising or lowering, with a limitation of the speed parameter PM to a first maximum speed value V1 and a limitation of a motor torque of the tilt motor 30 to a first torque limit value C1, until reaching a given angular position of the arrow 12, 22, in which the lock 42 is aligned with one of the locking holes 41 of the locking plate 40, the lock occupying the release configuration.
  • this first control of the tilt motor 30 makes it possible to reach the desired angular position of the arrow 12, 22, before locking the tilt winch 3 by the locking system 4.
  • the first control of the motor inclination 30 followed by the forward movement of the lock 42 lead this lock 42 to be substantially in the middle of the locking hole 41, so that this lock 42 is spaced from each of the ends of the locking hole 41 concerned.
  • the control system 5 is configured to carry out a second control of the motor. inclination 30 to move the boom 12, 22 downward, with a limitation of the speed parameter to a second maximum speed value V2, which is less than the first maximum speed value V1, and a limitation of the motor torque of the motor tilt 30 to a second torque limit value C2, which is less than the first torque limit value C1, until the speed parameter PM is zero for a predetermined duration to stop the tilt motor 30.
  • this second control of the tilt motor 30 makes it possible to rotate the drum 31 in the direction of lowering, which is possible due to the circumferential play of the lock 42 inside the locking hole 41, up to so that the lock 42 abuts against one of the ends of the locking hole 41.
  • the rotation of the drum 31 and the tilt motor 30 is blocked, so that the speed parameter PM is zero, and this for the predetermined duration, and it is only at the end of this predetermined duration with a zero speed parameter PM that the control system 5 commands the stopping of the motor inclination 30.
  • control system 5 implements the second command of the tilt motor 30 on the condition of detection by the detection system 8 that the lock 42 occupies the locking configuration.
  • detection by the detection system 8 that the lock 42 occupies the locking configuration is implemented in order to authorize the second control of the tilt motor 30.
  • validation by an operator that the lock 42 occupies the locking configuration is implemented in order to authorize the second control of the tilt motor 30.
  • control system 5 closes the motor brake 33, at the end of the first command of the tilt motor 30 and before passing the lock 42 into the locking configuration. Then, the control system 5 operates an opening of the motor brake 33 once the lock 42 is in the locking configuration, to allow the second command of the tilt motor 30. At the end of the second command of the tilt motor 30. inclination 30, the motor brake 33 is kept open.
  • the control system 5 is configured to implement a release phase starting with a third command of the tilt motor 30 to move the arrow 12, 22 in lifting, with a limitation of the speed parameter to the second maximum speed value V2 and a limitation of the motor torque of the tilt motor 30 to the second torque limit value C2.
  • this third control of the tilt motor 30 makes it possible to rotate the drum 31 in the direction of lifting, so that the lock 42 takes off from its stop against one of the ends of the locking hole 41, without however coming abutting against the other end of the locking hole 41.
  • the third control of the tilt motor 30 causes this lock 42 to return substantially to the middle of the locking hole 41, before being moved towards the release configuration .
  • the third command of the tilt motor 30 is followed by the backward movement of the latch 42 from the lock configuration to the release configuration. It is possible that the control system 5 closes the engine brake 33, at the end of the third control of the tilt motor 30 and before moving the lock 42 into the release configuration.
  • the arrow 12, 22 can again be moved angularly, and also the control system 5 operates, after the movement of the lock 42 towards the release configuration, an opening of the engine brake 33 (assuming that this motor brake 33 has been closed) and then operates a fourth command of the tilt motor 30 to move the boom 12, 22 in raising or lowering, with a limitation of the speed parameter to the first value maximum speed V1 and a limitation of the engine torque to the first torque limit value C1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zum Sichern eines Krans mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2), um eine Winkelposition eines neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) zu sichern, wobei der neigbare Ausleger (12; 22) mittels einer Neigungswinde (3), die einen Neigungsmotor (30) einschließt, der eine Trommel (31) antreibt, auf der ein Neigungsseil (35) aufgewickelt ist, das mit dem neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) gekoppelt ist, angehoben und abgesenkt werden kann, wobei das Sicherungsverfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Trommel (31) drehfest mit einer Verriegelungsplatte (40) verbunden ist, die mit umfangsmäßig verteilten Verriegelungslöchern (41) versehen ist, wobei das Sicherungsverfahren eine Verriegelungsphase zum Einsatz bringt, bei der ein Riegel (42) bewegt wird:
    - aus einer Freigabekonfiguration, bei der der Riegel (42) aus der Verriegelungsplatte (40) ausgerückt ist, um die Drehung der Trommel (31) zu gestatten und somit ein Anheben/Absenken des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) zu ermöglichen,
    - in eine Verriegelungskonfiguration, bei der der Riegel (42) nach Ausrichtung in das Innere eines der Verriegelungslöcher (41) eingerückt ist, um die Drehung der Trommel (31) zu blockieren und somit die Winkelposition des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) zu sichern;
    und wobei die Verriegelungslöcher (41) alle von bogenförmiger, länglicher Form sind, damit der Riegel (42) in der Verriegelungskonfiguration mit einem Umfangsspiel in das Innere eines Verriegelungslochs (41) eingerückt ist;
    und dadurch, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Messen eines Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM), der für eine Winkelgeschwindigkeit der Bewegung des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) beim Anheben oder Absenken repräsentativ ist;
    - erstes Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30), um den neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) anzuheben oder abzusenken, mit einer Begrenzung des Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM) auf einen ersten maximalen Geschwindigkeitswert (V1) und einer Begrenzung eines Motordrehmoments des Neigungsmotors (30) auf einen ersten Drehmomentgrenzwert (C1), bis eine gegebene Winkelposition des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) erreicht ist, bei der der Riegel (42) auf eines der Verriegelungslöcher (41) der Verriegelungsplatte (40) ausgerichtet ist, wobei der Riegel (42) die Freigabekonfiguration einnimmt;
    - zum Einsatz bringen der Verriegelungsphase durch Bewegen des Riegels (42) aus der Freigabekonfiguration in die Verriegelungskonfiguration;
    - zweites Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30), um den neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) abzusenken, mit einer Begrenzung des Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM) auf einen zweiten maximalen Geschwindigkeitswert (V2), der kleiner ist als der erste maximale Geschwindigkeitswert (V1), und einer Begrenzung des Motordrehmoments des Neigungsmotors (30) auf einen zweiten Drehmomentgrenzwert (C2), der kleiner ist als der erste Drehmomentgrenzwert (C1), bis der Geschwindigkeitsparameter (PM) während einer vorbestimmten Dauer Null ist, um den Neigungsmotor (30) zu stoppen.
  2. Sicherungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Bestätigung durch einen Bediener, dass der Riegel (42) die Verriegelungskonfiguration einnimmt, zum Einsatz gebracht wird, um das zweite Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) zu gestatten.
  3. Sicherungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei ein Erfassen, durch ein Erfassungssystem, dass der Riegel (42) die Verriegelungskonfiguration einnimmt, zum Einsatz gebracht wird, um das zweite Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) zu gestatten.
  4. Sicherungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei nach dem zweiten Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) eine Freigabephase mit den folgenden Schritten zum Einsatz gebracht wird:
    - drittes Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30), um den neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) anzuheben, mit einer Begrenzung des Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM) auf den zweiten maximalen Geschwindigkeitswert (V2) und einer Begrenzung des Motordrehmoments des Neigungsmotors (30) auf den zweiten Drehmomentgrenzwert (C2);
    - Bewegen des Riegels (42) aus der Verriegelungskonfiguration in die Freigabekonfiguration.
  5. Sicherungsverfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei dem dritten Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30), vor oder nach dem Bewegen des Riegels (42) in die Freigabekonfiguration, ein Schließen einer dem Neigungsmotor (30) zugeordneten Motorbremse folgt.
  6. Sicherungsverfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei dem Bewegen des Riegels (42) in die Freigabekonfiguration ein viertes Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) folgt, um den neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) anzuheben oder abzusenken, mit einer Begrenzung des Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM) auf den ersten maximalen Geschwindigkeitswert (V1) und einer Begrenzung des Motordrehmoments auf den ersten Drehmomentgrenzwert (C1).
  7. Sicherungsverfahren nach Anspruch 6, wobei eine Bestätigung durch einen Bediener, dass der Riegel (42) die Freigabekonfiguration einnimmt, zum Einsatz gebracht wird, um das vierte Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) zu gestatten.
  8. Sicherungsverfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei ein Erfassen, durch ein Erfassungssystem, dass der Riegel (42) die Freigabekonfiguration einnimmt, zum Einsatz gebracht wird, um das vierte Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) zu gestatten.
  9. Sicherungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei in Anbetracht dessen, dass sich die Verriegelungslöcher (41) jeweils über einen gegebenen Verriegelungswinkelsektor erstrecken, das erste Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) gefolgt von der Vorwärtsbewegung des Riegels (42) dazu führen, dass sich der Riegel (42) im Wesentlichen in der Mitte des Verriegelungslochs (41) befindet, und das zweite Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) bewirkt, dass die Trommel (31) in einer Absenkrichtung gemäß einem Absenkwinkelsektor gedreht wird, der im Wesentlichen gleich der Hälfte des Verriegelungswinkelsektors ist.
  10. Sicherungsverfahren nach den Ansprüchen 4 und 9, wobei das dritte Ansteuern des Neigungsmotors (30) bewirkt, dass die Trommel (31) in einer der Absenkrichtung entgegengesetzten Heberichtung gemäß einem Neigungswinkelsektor gedreht wird, der im Wesentlichen gleich der Hälfte des Verriegelungswinkelsektors ist.
  11. Sicherungsverfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Kran mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2) ein Kran mit anhebbarem Ausleger (2) oder ein selbstaufstellender Kran (1) ist.
  12. Kran mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2), der einen neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) umfasst, der mittels einer Neigungswinde (3), die einen Neigungsmotor (30) einschließt, der eine Trommel (31) antreibt, auf der ein Neigungsseil (35) aufgewickelt ist, das mit dem neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) gekoppelt ist, angehoben und abgesenkt werden kann, wobei der Kran mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Trommel (31) drehfest mit einer Verriegelungsplatte (40) verbunden ist, die mit umfangsmäßig verteilten Verriegelungslöchern (41) versehen ist, und er weiter einen Riegel (42) umfasst, der bewegt werden kann zwischen:
    - einer Freigabekonfiguration, bei der er aus der Verriegelungsplatte (40) ausgerückt ist, um die Drehung der Trommel (31) zu gestatten und somit ein Anheben/Absenken des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) zu ermöglichen; und
    - einer Verriegelungskonfiguration, bei der er in das Innere eines Verriegelungslochs (41) eingerückt ist, um die Drehung der Trommel (31) zu blockieren und somit die Winkelposition des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) zu sichern;
    und wobei die Verriegelungslöcher (41) alle von bogenförmiger, länglicher Form sind, damit der Riegel (42) in der Verriegelungskonfiguration mit einem Umfangsspiel in das Innere eines Verriegelungslochs (41) eingerückt ist;
    und dadurch, dass er ein Messsystem (7), um einen Geschwindigkeitsparameter (PM) zu messen, der für eine Winkelgeschwindigkeit der Bewegung des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) beim Anheben oder Absenken repräsentativ ist, und ein Ansteuerungs-Steuersystem (5) umfasst, das mit dem Neigungsmotor (30) und dem Messsystem (7) verbunden ist, wobei das Ansteuerungs-Steuersystem (5) so konfiguriert ist, dass es:
    - eine erste Ansteuerung des Neigungsmotors (30), um den neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) anzuheben oder abzusenken, mit einer Begrenzung des Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM) auf einen ersten maximalen Geschwindigkeitswert (V1) und einer Begrenzung eines Motordrehmoments des Neigungsmotors (30) auf einen ersten Drehmomentgrenzwert (C1) ausführt, bis eine gegebene Winkelposition des neigbaren Auslegers (12; 22) erreicht ist, bei der der Riegel (42) auf eines der Verriegelungslöcher (41) der Verriegelungsplatte (40) ausgerichtet ist, wobei der Riegel (42) die Freigabekonfiguration einnimmt;
    - nach einer Vorwärtsbewegung des Riegels (42), um eine Verriegelungskonfiguration einzunehmen, bei der er in das Innere des Verriegelungslochs (41), auf das er ausgerichtet ist, eingerückt ist, Ausführen einer zweiten Ansteuerung des Neigungsmotors (30), um den neigbaren Ausleger (12; 22) abzusenken, mit einer Begrenzung des Geschwindigkeitsparameters (PM) auf einen zweiten maximalen Geschwindigkeitswert (V2), der kleiner ist als der erste maximale Geschwindigkeitswert (V1), und einer Begrenzung des Motordrehmoments des Neigungsmotors (30) auf einen zweiten Drehmomentgrenzwert (C2), der kleiner ist als der erste Drehmomentgrenzwert (C1), bis der Geschwindigkeitsparameter (PM) während einer vorbestimmten Dauer Null ist, um den Neigungsmotor (30) zu stoppen.
  13. Kran mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2) nach Anspruch 12, der ein Erfassungssystem (8) umfasst, das erfasst, ob der Riegel (42) die Verriegelungskonfiguration oder die Freigabekonfiguration einnimmt, wobei das Ansteuerungs-/Steuersystem (5) mit dem Erfassungssystem (8) verbunden ist, um eine Information über die vom Riegel (42) eingenommene Konfiguration zu empfangen.
  14. Kran mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2) nach einem der Ansprüche 12 und 13, wobei der Kran mit neigbarem Ausleger (1; 2) ein Kran mit anhebbarem Ausleger (2) oder ein selbstaufstellender Kran (1) ist.
EP22156960.1A 2021-02-25 2022-02-16 Verfahren zur sicherung eines kippbaren auslegerkrans, um die winkelposition des kippbaren auslegers abzusichern Active EP4049959B1 (de)

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US5004177A (en) * 1989-11-28 1991-04-02 Concord Industries, Inc. Apparatus for blocking a winch
US7226038B1 (en) * 2005-03-25 2007-06-05 Jon Wickstrom Load arrestor, lifting system and method
CN101439828B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2011-09-07 太原重工股份有限公司 一种带有卷筒锁定装置的起升机构
WO2014158318A1 (en) * 2013-03-13 2014-10-02 Joy Mm Delaware, Inc. Winch drum tension isolation system
DE102013007029A1 (de) * 2013-04-24 2014-11-13 Tts Marine Gmbh Winde mit Seiltrommel und Notstoppeinrichtung
CN103407927A (zh) * 2013-08-09 2013-11-27 吕明俊 一种带式输送机用液压张紧绞车制动器
AU2018201186B2 (en) * 2017-02-23 2024-01-18 Continental Global Material Handling Llc Winch drum tension isolation system
FR3071489A1 (fr) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-29 Manitowoc Crane Group France Procede de securisation d’une grue a fleche relevable et grue associee
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ES2994000T3 (en) 2025-01-16
US20220267121A1 (en) 2022-08-25
EP4049959A1 (de) 2022-08-31

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