Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
  • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
  • H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K15/10—Applying solid insulation to windings, stators or rotors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
  • H02K3/48—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure in slots
  • H02K3/487—Slot-closing devices

Definitions

• Stator for rotating electrical machine comprising at least one notch insulator
• the present invention relates to a stator for a rotating electrical machine and more particularly a wound stator with notches in which are arranged conductive elements of the winding as well as a notch insulator.
• rotating electrical machines consist of a stator and a rotor, at least one of which is equipped with a winding, in the form of a winding of wire or of a plurality of pins forming conductive elements of this winding and the current supply of which makes it possible to generate an electromagnetic field capable of allowing movement of the rotor relative to the stator. More particularly, it is known to wind the stator and to provide the rotor with permanent magnets and / or a rotor coil.
• the phases of the winding are usually three or six in number, to allow the generation of a rotating magnetic field at the ends of the stator teeth when the winding is traversed by a polyphase electric current.
• the stator is formed from a block of cylindrical shape, having teeth extending radially with respect to the axis of revolution of the block.
• the teeth are arranged to form notches extending along the axis of revolution of the block. Each notch is thus delimited by an orthoradial bottom to the axis of revolution of the block, and two side walls of two adjacent teeth.
• the notches are intended to accommodate a plurality of conductive elements extending axially, that is to say parallel to the bottom of each notch, so as to form the coil.
• the conductive elements supplied with an electric current in the same phase are positioned on the stator so as to promote the establishment of radial or substantially radial field lines to the axis of revolution of the stator block, between the free ends of the teeth around which are wound the conductive elements.
• the electrical conductors are covered with a protective sheath and each notch comprises a notch insulator covering both the bottom and the side walls of the notch.
• the protective sheaths as well as the notch insulators are usually made from dielectric materials, for example based on plastic. In order to allow magnetic coupling between the rotor and the stator, the strength of the field lines flowing from one tooth to the other should be preserved, so that the notch insulators do not cover the free ends of the teeth. stator.
• the free ends of the teeth of the stator generally comprise tooth roots, extending to the free end of the tooth and which consist of an enlargement of the width of the tooth, that is to say of the orthoradial dimension, in particular, to form an abutment to the release of the conductive elements present in the notches, in order to prevent unwanted movement of the winding.
• the tooth roots thus make it possible to widen the magnetic field exchange surface between the rotor and the stator and to maximize the filling rate of each notch in order to increase the magnetic fields generated by the stator winding.
• Each tooth root can in particular extend as an orthoradial projection on either side of the part of the tooth around which a coil is wound.
• Each tooth root thus comprises an internal face facing the bottom of two adjacent notches, an external face opposite the internal face and turned towards the axis of revolution of the stator, and two lateral faces connecting the internal face to the outer face.
• the winding operation carried out by filling each notch with electrical conductors, that is to say by sliding the electrical conductors one after the other between the side faces of the feet tooth, presents a risk to the integrity of conductors.
• the electrical conductors can slide along the ridges delimiting the lateral faces of the tooth roots.
• these edges can be sharp and cut a part of the protective sheath of the electrical conductors during their passage.
• the invention aims to prevent this phenomenon, by proposing a stator for a rotating electrical machine comprising protection means making it possible to preserve the integrity of the electrical conductors, in particular of their protective sheath, during their insertion into the notches stator.
• the invention provides a coiled part for a rotary electrical machine comprising a block of cylindrical shape comprising a plurality of teeth extending radially relative to the axis of revolution of the block, each tooth comprising two opposite side walls extending along the axis of revolution, two adjacent teeth defining a notch in which are present electrical conductors of a coil, each notch being delimited by a bottom wall orthoradial or substantially orthoradial to the axis of revolution of the block and by the side walls of two adjacent teeth, each tooth comprising at its free end a tooth root forming an orthoradial or substantially orthoradial projection, each tooth root being delimited by an internal face facing the bottom wall of two notches, an external face opposite the internal face and turned towards the axis of revolution and two lateral faces connecting the internal face to the external face, each notch comprising a notch insulator covering the bottom wall and the side walls of said notch.
• each notch insulator at least partially covers the side faces of the tooth roots delimiting the notch in which the notch insulation is located.
• the notch insulator protects at least one edge at the junction of a lateral face and the internal face of the corresponding tooth root, so as at least to limit the risk of damage of the surface of the electrical conductors when they are inserted into the notch delimited by the tooth roots.
• the notch insulator comprises at least one end edge which extends along a lateral face of the corresponding tooth root.
• the notch insulation is recessed from the outer faces tooth roots delimiting the notch in which the notch insulator is located, so as not to limit the magnetic field generated by the winding.
• the notch insulator covers a single edge of the tooth roots, namely the internal edge arranged at the junction of the lateral face and the internal face of the corresponding tooth root.
• the notch insulator has at least one end edge which extends along at least a portion of the outer face of the corresponding tooth root.
• the tooth root comprises a base which extends in the radial extension of a tooth body and fins which orthoradially extend the base of the tooth root across the radial opening of the notch.
• the notch insulation completely covers the fin of the tooth root arranged across the opening of the notch.
• the notch insulator covers each of the ridges of the tooth roots, namely the internal edge arranged at the junction of the lateral face and the internal face of the corresponding tooth root and the external edge arranged at the junction of said lateral face and the external face of the corresponding tooth root.
• the tooth root comprises a base which extends in the radial extension of the tooth body and fins which orthoradially extend the base of the tooth root across a radial opening of the notch, and the end edge extends along the junction of a fin and the base of the tooth root.
• At least one notch is closed off by a wedge so as to hold the electrical conductors in position in the notch, the wedge extending along the axis of revolution of the block and bearing against the internal faces of the tooth roots delimiting the notch, the notch insulator disposed in the corresponding notch being present between the wedge and the tooth roots.
• the wedge has a central portion of constant width and a first end of width less than that of the central portion.
• the width of the first end of the wedge is equal to or less than the difference between the width of the notch and twice the thickness of the notch insulation present between the wedge and notch.
• the width of the notch is in particular taken between two side walls of the notch and in particular taken at the junction between the side walls and the associated tooth roots delimiting the opening of said notch.
• the first end of the wedge has two planes inclined towards each other so that the width of the wedge decreases.
• the width of the wedge is defined in a substantially circumferential direction.
• the inclined planes extend from the central portion of the wedge to an end edge of said wedge. In particular here, the two inclined planes meet to form said end edge of the wedge.
• the notch insulation is made from a flexible polyester film, composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• the thickness of the notch insulation is between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.
• the coiled part is a stator of a rotating electrical machine.
• the invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising a coiled part as described above.
• the rotating electric machine can for example be an alternator, an alternator-starter or a reversible machine or else an electric motor.
• the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising an electric machine according to the invention.
• the invention relates in particular to a method for producing a coiled part as described above, during which:
• This embodiment advantageously allows on the one hand to have during the insertion of the ridges, formed at the junction of the side faces and the internal and external faces of the tooth roots, covered with insulation so as to prevent damage to the surface of the electrical conductors caused to come into contact with these edges before entering the notch, and on the other hand to have the external faces of the tooth roots sufficiently clear to allow the passage of the field lines of the rotor to stator and vice versa.
• a step of inserting a wedge in each notch is implemented between the step of inserting the electrical conductors and the step of removing the parts of the notch insulation.
• FIG 1 is a front representation of a rotating electrical machine with a wound stator and a rotor internal to the stator;
• FIG 2 is a schematic and partial representation of a wound stator according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG 3 is a schematic and partial representation of a wound stator according to a second embodiment of the invention
• FIG 4 is a schematic representation of a shim fitted to the stator
• FIG 5 is a schematic and partial representation of a stator block, capable of being wound during an assembly method according to one aspect of the invention, and of a sheet of insulating material allowing the realization notch insulators in the stator;
• FIG. 6 is a schematic and partial representation of a wound stator during a first step of an assembly process according to one aspect of the invention
• FIG 7 is a schematic and partial representation of a wound stator during a second step of an assembly process according to one aspect of the invention.
• FIG 8 is a schematic and partial representation of a wound stator in a third step of an assembly process according to one aspect of the invention.
• the invention provides a coiled part such as a stator for a rotating electrical machine, comprising protection means making it possible to preserve the integrity of the electrical conductors during their insertion into the notches of the stator.
• a rotating electrical machine 100 comprising such a stator is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 1.
• the rotating electrical machine comprises a stator 2 and a rotor 3 mounted on a shaft 121.
• the stator and the rotor are arranged in flanges forming a housing 120 of the machine.
• the stator is a wound part, here by means of an electric wire wound around teeth formed in the stator.
• the wound stator 2 consists of a block 4 of cylindrical shape forming a part of revolution about an axis of revolution X on which the rotor 3 is also centered.
• Block 4 extends along the axis of revolution X between two opposite axial ends. Each axial end is delimited by a flank 9 extending perpendicularly to the axis of revolution X.
• the block 4 is hollowed out at its center so as to allow the insertion of the rotor 3, which here forms an internal rotor capable of rotating at inside the stator.
• the block 4 comprises a yoke 5 forming the annular periphery of the stator and a plurality of teeth, visible in the following figures, said teeth respectively extending radially projecting from the cylinder head, in the direction of the axis of revolution X
• the teeth are spaced from one another by being separated by a notch 12, visible in the following figures, so as to allow the winding around each tooth of the electrical conductors 26 forming the winding.
• a notch insulator is disposed along the walls delimiting a notch by being specifically disposed on a free end of a neighboring tooth of this notch.
• Figure 2 illustrates more particularly a first embodiment of the invention.
• Each tooth 6 forms a material continuity with the yoke and more particularly comprises a body 7 which extends from the yoke 5 and a tooth root 16 disposed at a free end of the body.
• the body 7 of each tooth 6 is delimited by two opposite side walls 10 which extend radially or substantially radially with respect to the axis of revolution X. Alternatively, the side walls can extend in a direction which is substantially inclined so that that the tooth has a trapezoidal shape.
• Two facing side walls 10 thus define a notch 12 extending along the axis of revolution X and opening onto the flanks 9 of the block 4 of the stator.
• Each notch 12 is thus delimited by two side walls 10 and a bottom wall 14 orthoradial, or substantially orthoradial, to the axis of revolution X and formed by the yoke.
• Each notch is configured so as to have an opening opposite the bottom wall 14.
• Each tooth root 16 forms a protuberance extending perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly to the body 7 of the tooth by extending orthoradially on either side of the side walls 10 delimiting said tooth.
• the tooth roots 16 thus make it possible to locally reduce the section of a notch 12, at its opening, in an orthoradial or substantially orthoradial plane to the axis of revolution X of the block 4 of the stator.
• Each tooth root 16 thus comprises a base 17 which extends in the radial extension of the tooth body and the fins 19.
• an internal face 18 is defined facing the bottom wall 14 of each of the adjacent notches 12 and an external face 20 opposite the internal face 18 and turned towards the axis of revolution X , as well as two lateral faces 22 connecting the internal 18 and external 20 faces.
• the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots thus form stops in order to prevent an unwanted withdrawal of electrical conductors 26 present in the notches 12.
• Each notch 12 comprises a notch insulator 24 disposed against the walls delimiting the notch in order to prevent the establishment of a short circuit between the electrical conductors 26 and the block 4 of the stator 2. More particularly, each notch insulator 24 is interposed between the electrical conductors 26 present in the notch and each of the walls delimiting the notch, that is to say the bottom wall 14 as well as the side walls 10 of the teeth surrounding said notch.
• the notch insulator 24 extends at least partially against the internal faces 18 and the lateral faces 22 of the tooth roots delimiting the opening of the notch.
• the notch insulator 24 covers at least the inner ridge 23 of each side face, that is to say the ridge arranged at the junction of said side face 22 and the inner face. 18 of the corresponding tooth root.
• the notch insulation extends over each of the fins arranged across the opening of the corresponding notch, so as to fully cover the side faces 22 tooth roots adjacent to this notch.
• the notch insulator 24 has two end edges 25, which extend over the entire axial dimension of the notch, and which in the first embodiment are disposed at the junction between the fins 19 and the base 17 of the tooth root. This makes it possible to cover with the notch insulator each of the ridges of the tooth roots likely to be in contact with the electrical conductors 26 forming the coil during their insertion into the notch, namely the internal ridge 23 previously described and the outer edge 27 arranged at the junction of said lateral face 22 and of the outer face 20 of the corresponding tooth root. In this way, the integrity of these electrical conductors 26 and in particular of their protective sheath is best preserved during this insertion.
• the cutting of the notch insulators 24 at their end edges 25 is such that these notch insulators do not extend over the outer faces 20 of the tooth roots at the level of the base 17 so as not to disturb the rotation of the rotor.
• the notch insulation 24 is in particular in the form of a flexible polyester film, for example comprising polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• the flexible nature of the notch insulator 24 makes it possible to provide, in this first embodiment, that the notch insulator 24 is pressed against each of the walls delimiting the notch after the insertion of the wedge. and cutting the insulation.
• the thickness of the notch insulation 24 is between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm, for example of the order of 0.13 mm.
• a wedge 28 is disposed across the opening of each notch, being interposed between the electrical conductors 26 and the slot insulator arranged on the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots delimiting this notch.
• the wedge 28 here bears against the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots to close the opening of the notch. In this way, the wedge 28 allows, in addition to maintaining the electrical conductors 26 in the notches, better plating of the notch insulator 24 against the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots.
• Figure 3 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention, which differs from what has been described above in that the end edges 25 of each notch insulator are arranged this time at the level of the face lateral 22 of each tooth root and no longer at the level of the external face 20 of the corresponding tooth root. In this way, only the inner ridge 23 is covered by the notch insulation. This results, as illustrated, in a greater clearance of the outer face 20 of each tooth root than in the first embodiment. This makes it possible to guarantee a minimum clearance between the internal surface of the stator and the external surface of the rotor to make it possible to reduce as much as possible the air gap between said rotor and said stator without disturbing the rotation of the rotor and thus obtain a machine which has better efficiency .
• the notch insulation at least partially covers the lateral face 22 of the tooth roots. And this notch insulation is pressed against each wall delimiting the corresponding notch.
• Figure 5 shows a front view of such a wedge 28, which has in particular two longitudinal ends, one of which has a narrowing of its width, the width being measured in the following in a direction perpendicular to the direction main elongation 32.
• the wedge 28 in order not to tear the notch insulation at the junction between the internal face 18 of the tooth root and the side wall 10 of the notch where the insulation is detached, the wedge 28 has a particular tapered shape.
• the wedge 28 has a central portion 29 of constant width and a first end 30 of width less than that of the central portion.
• the first end 30 of the wedge has two inclined planes 34 forming a ramp which extend from one edge of the wedge to the central portion 29.
• These inclined planes 34 can in particular extend over a distance E between 1 and 5 times the thickness of the shim.
• the distance E is taken in a direction of elongation of the wedge, that is to say between the two ends of the same inclined plane.
• the distance E is between 0.4 mm and 2 mm.
• These inclined planes 34 may be straight as illustrated in FIG. 5 or else concave and / or convex.
• the end of the wedge opposite its first end 30 may be of identical or substantially identical shape.
• the maximum width L2 of the wedge 28 defined in a direction normal to its main direction of elongation 32, is adapted to facilitate its insertion into a notch 12 as explained below.
• the maximum width L2 of the wedge 28 is also sufficient to allow the wedge to bear against the insulator 24 arranged on the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots 16 as mentioned above.
• the wedge here advantageously has a first end of reduced width, the wedge being inserted into the notch with the first end inserted first.
• the first end 30 of the wedge 28 has a width L1 less than the difference between the width LO of the notch 12, visible in Figure 7, and twice the thickness of the notch insulation 24 present in the notch 12.
• the width LO is equal to the width of the notch taken at the junction between the side walls 10 and the tooth root 16, that is to say between the side walls 10 at the level of the notch opening.
• the sheet of insulating material 240 is inserted in one piece in each notch 12, by sliding this sheet of insulating material axially inside the stator.
• the insulation sheet has the shape of a crenellated annular strip, around an axis of revolution specific to the insulation sheet.
• This sheet of insulating material has first and second orthoradial portions 241, 242, parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and which are intended to be placed alternately facing the bottom walls 14 of the notches and the external faces 20 of the tooth roots.
• the notch insulation 24 is preformed so as to facilitate its insertion and placement in the notches 12.
• the notch insulation 24 is preferably inserted in the notches, at a sidewall 9. of block 4 of stator 2, then moved along the axis of revolution X so as to completely cover the notches as well as the tooth roots.
• each notch is filled with electrical conductors 26 so as to achieve a phase winding surrounding each tooth 6 of the stator 2.
• the electrical conductors 26 are slipped l 'one after the other between the lateral faces 22 of the tooth roots which delimit the openings of the notches 12.
• the prior positioning of the notch insulator 24 advantageously makes it possible to cover the ridges defining the lateral faces 22 of the internal faces 18 and of the outer faces 20 of the tooth roots 16. Thus, these ridges are less protruding and the risk of damaging the electrical conductors during their insertion into the notches 12 is limited.
• each notch insulator 24 is still integral with the neighboring notch insulation, via the realization of a sheet of insulating material 240 in one piece. Therefore, the passage of the electrical conductors 26 does not tend to drag the insulation from the notch to the bottom of each notch. In fact, the second portions of the notch insulator rest against the outer faces of the tooth roots in order to limit this phenomenon. The notch insulation is then held more precisely in the notches when performing the phase winding.
• a wedge 28 as described above is inserted into each notch 12 at a side 9 of the stator 2, in a direction parallel or substantially parallel to the axis of revolution X of the block 4, until the wedge closes the notch 12 by resting against the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots 6 delimiting the notch, so as to maintain position the electrical conductors 26 in the notch.
• the first end 30 of the wedge is first introduced into a notch, until the wedge 28 closes the opening of the notch.
• the wedges 28 also make it possible to ensure better maintenance of the notch insulator 24 against the internal faces 18 of the tooth roots 16.
• a step of cutting the sheet of insulating material still forming at this stage is implemented. one holding each notch insulator 24.
• This cutting step consists in retracting second portions 242 of the sheet of insulating material covering the outer faces 20 of the tooth roots 16.
• This step frees the outer faces 20 of the tooth roots. tooth so that the notch insulator does not disturb the rotation of the rotor.
• the cutting step is carried out along cutting lines parallel or substantially parallel to the axis of revolution X of the block 4. The cutting lines are located at the level of the side faces 22 or of the external face 20 of the tooth roots 16.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=68501837

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 2019
  • 2019-09-18 FR FR1910270A patent/FR3100943B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-09-17 CN CN202080063862.2A patent/CN114365393A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-09-17 WO PCT/EP2020/076009 patent/WO2021053087A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-09-17 EP EP20771326.4A patent/EP4032171A1/de active Pending

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