EP4021903A1 - Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques - Google Patents

Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques

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Publication number
EP4021903A1
EP4021903A1 EP20709207.3A EP20709207A EP4021903A1 EP 4021903 A1 EP4021903 A1 EP 4021903A1 EP 20709207 A EP20709207 A EP 20709207A EP 4021903 A1 EP4021903 A1 EP 4021903A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radicals
aromatic
substituted
occurrence
ring system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20709207.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Amir Parham
Jonas Kroeber
Jens ENGELHART
Christian Ehrenreich
Christian EICKHOFF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Patent GmbH filed Critical Merck Patent GmbH
Publication of EP4021903A1 publication Critical patent/EP4021903A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
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    • C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D251/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom
    • C07D251/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to two ring carbon atoms
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Definitions

  • the present invention describes dibenzofuran derivatives which are substituted with electron-poor heteroaromatics, and electronic devices containing these compounds, in particular organic electroluminescent devices containing these compounds as triplet matrix materials.
  • Phosphorescent organometallic complexes are often used in organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs). In general, there is still room for improvement with OLEDs, for example with regard to efficiency, operating voltage and service life.
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • the properties of phosphorescent OLEDs are not only determined by the triplet emitters used.
  • the other materials used, such as matrix materials, are of particular importance here. Improvements in these materials can therefore also lead to significant improvements in the OLED properties.
  • carbazole derivatives, dibenzofuran derivatives, indenocarbazole derivatives and indolocarbazole derivatives, in particular those which are substituted with electron-poor heteroaromatic compounds such as triazine are used as matrix materials for phosphorescent emitters.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide compounds which are particularly suitable for use as matrix material in a phosphorescent OLED.
  • electroluminescent devices which contain compounds according to the following formula (1) have improvements over the prior art, in particular in Use of the compounds as matrix material for phosphorescent dopants.
  • the invention therefore relates to a compound according to the following formula (1), where the following applies to the symbols used:
  • Y is 0 or S
  • Z is on each occurrence, identically or differently, CR or N with the proviso that at least two Z are N;
  • Ar 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic ring system with 6 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted with one or more radicals R, or a heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which has an N atom the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene is bonded and which can be substituted by one or more radicals R, or a dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group which can be substituted by one or more radicals R;
  • Ar 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R; R is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, CI, Br, I, N (Ar ') 2 , N (R 1 ) 2 , OAr', SAr ', CN, N0 2 , OR 1 , SR 1 , COOR 1 ,
  • Ar ' is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1; two radicals Ar 'which bond to the same N atom can also be bridged to one another by a single bond or a bridge selected from N (R 1 ), C (R 1 ) 2, O or S;
  • alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group with 2 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms
  • NR 2 , O, S or CONR 2 can be replaced and one or more F1 atoms in the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group can be replaced by D, F, CI, Br, I or CN, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic one Ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is substituted by one or more radicals R 2 can be; two or more radicals R 1 here can form an aliphatic ring system with one another;
  • R 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, CN or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical, in particular a hydrocarbon radical, with 1 to 20 C-
  • Atoms in which one or more H atoms can also be replaced by F are on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0, 1, 2 or 3; r is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that r is a maximum of (4-j); s is 0, 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that s is at most (3-k); j, k are on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0, 1, 2 or 3 with the proviso that j + k 3 1 results.
  • an aryl group contains 6 to 40 carbon atoms;
  • a fleteroaryl group contains 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one fletero atom, with the proviso that the sum of
  • C-atoms and fletero-atoms gives at least 5.
  • the fletero atoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
  • an aryl group or fleteroaryl group is either a simple aromatic cycle, that is benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc. ., Or a fused (fused) aryl or fleteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc., understood.
  • Aromatics linked to one another by a single bond, such as biphenyl, on the other hand, are not referred to as an aryl or fleteroaryl group, but as an aromatic ring system.
  • an aromatic ring system contains 6 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms, in the ring system.
  • a heteroaromatic ring system for the purposes of this invention contains 2 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one fleteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and / or S.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the context of this invention is to be understood as meaning a system that does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups, but also contains several aryl or Heteroaryl groups by a non-aromatic unit, such as. B.
  • systems are to be understood here in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked directly to one another, such as. B. biphenyl, terphenyl, bipyridine or phenylpyridine.
  • systems such as fluorene, 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diaryl fluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, stilbene, etc. are to be understood as aromatic ring systems for the purposes of this invention, and likewise systems in which two or more Aryl groups are linked, for example, by a short alkyl group.
  • Preferred aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems are simple aryl or heteroaryl groups and groups in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked directly to one another, for example biphenyl or bipyridine, and fluorene or spirobifluorene.
  • alkyl groups also include cycloalkyl groups
  • alkenyl groups also include cycloalkenyl groups.
  • an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or an alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkynyl group, which can contain 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and in which also individual H atoms or CH2 groups are represented by the above Groups can be substituted, preferably the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, neo- Pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, neo-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl,
  • a thioalkyl group SR 1 with 1 to 40 carbon atoms includes, in particular, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s- pentylthio, n-Flexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, Cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoromethylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-T rifluorethylthio, ethenylthio, propenylthio, butenylthio, pentenylthio, Cyclo
  • alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl groups according to the present invention can be straight-chain, branched or cyclic, it being possible for one or more non-adjacent CF 2 groups to be replaced by the abovementioned groups; furthermore, one or more F1 atoms can also be replaced by D, F, CI, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , preferably F, CI or CN, particularly preferably F or CN.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5-60 aromatic ring atoms which can be substituted by the above-mentioned radicals R 2 or a hydrocarbon radical and which can be linked via any positions on the aromatic or heteroaromatic, is understood to mean in particular groups that are ab - derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphthacene, pentacene, benzpyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, cis- or trans-indenocarbazole, cis- or trans-indolocarbazole, truxes, isotruxes,
  • 1, 2,4-triazole benzotriazole, 1, 2,3-oxadiazole, 1, 2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1, 3,4-oxadiazole, 1, 2,3 -Thiadiazole, 1, 2,4-thiadiazole, 1, 2,5-thiadiazole, 1, 3,4-thiadiazole, 1, 3,5-triazine, 1, 2,4-triazine, 1, 2 , 3-triazine, tetrazole,
  • Indolizine and benzothiadiazole or groups derived from a combination of these systems are Indolizine and benzothiadiazole or groups derived from a combination of these systems.
  • the abovementioned formulation should also be understood to mean that in the event that one of the two radicals represents hydrogen, the second radical binds to the position to which the hydrogen atom was bound to form a ring.
  • This should be made clear by the following scheme: In a preferred embodiment of the invention, either all three groups Z stand for N, or two groups Z stand for N and the third group Z stands for CH. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, all of the groups Z stand for N. It is therefore particularly preferably a diaryltriazine group.
  • the group is which is bonded in formula (1), therefore selected from the following groups (HetAr-1), (HetAr-2) or (HetAr-3), where Ar 2 has the meanings given above and the dashed bond indicates the linkage of this group.
  • (HetAr-1) is particularly preferred, so that the compound of the formula (1) is preferably a compound of the following formula (2), where the symbols and indices used have the meanings given above.
  • Y stands for O, so that it is a compound of the following formula (3), where the symbols and indices used have the meanings given above.
  • j and k in the compounds of the formulas (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) are identical or different on each occurrence 0, 1 or 2 and particularly preferably 0 or 1, with the proviso that j + k3 is 1.
  • J + k is very particularly preferred
  • the group Ar 1 in the compounds of the formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6a), (6b), (7a) and (7b) preferably bound in the 7 or 8 position of the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene, particularly preferably in the 8 position.
  • the group Ar 1 in the compounds of the formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6a), (6b), (7a) and (7b) is also preferred ) preferably bound in the 3- or 4-position of the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene, particularly preferably in the 4-position.
  • the numbering of the dibenzofuran is shown in the following scheme, the numbering of the dibenzothiophene being carried out analogously:
  • Ar 2 identically or differently on each occurrence, is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R.
  • Ar 2 is particularly preferably, identically or differently on each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, in particular an aromatic ring system, with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, in particular with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which is replaced by one or more, preferably non- aromatic radicals R can be substituted.
  • Ar 2 stands for a heteroaryl group, in particular for triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents R on this heteroaryl group can also be preferred.
  • Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar 2 are selected identically or differently on each occurrence from phenyl,
  • Biphenyl especially ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, especially ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, especially ortho-, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position can be linked, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the
  • 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position can be linked, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, phenanthrene, triphenylene or a combination of two or three of these groups, each of which can be substituted with one or more radicals R, preferably non-aromatic radicals R.
  • Ar 2 represents a heteroaryl group, in particular triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals R on this heteroaryl group can also be preferred.
  • Ar 2 is preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the groups of the following formulas Ar-1 to Ar-81,
  • a 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, CR 2 , NR, O or S;
  • Ar 1 is an aromatic ring system with 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R, or N-carbazolyl, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R, or Dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R in each case.
  • Ar 1 is particularly preferably an aromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, in particular with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more, preferably non-aromatic radicals R, or a dibenzofuran group which is substituted by one or more R radicals can be substituted.
  • Suitable groups Ar 1 are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, naphthalin, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, N-carbazole, dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3 - or 4-position, phenanthrene, triphenylene or a combination of two or three of these groups, which can each be substituted by one or more radicals R.
  • Ar 1 is preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the groups of the following formulas Ar-1 to Ar-16, Ar-43 to Ar-46 and Ar-69 to Ar-75,
  • a 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, CR 2 , O or S;
  • R is selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H, D, F, N (Ar ') 2 , CN, OR 1 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the Alkyl or alkenyl groups can each be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but are preferably unsubstituted, and one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups can be replaced by O, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 30 aromatic rings Ring atoms which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 1; two radicals R here can also form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with one another.
  • R is particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H, N (Ar ') 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular with 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group can be substituted with one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 , can be substituted.
  • R is very particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, each represented by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 can be substituted.
  • Ar ' is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1.
  • Ar ' is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, in particular with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more, preferably non-aromatic, radicals R 1.
  • Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems R and Ar ' are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, especially ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, especially ortho -, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which has the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position can be linked, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carba - Zol, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position can be linked, indenocarbazole, ind
  • R or Ar ' stands for a heteroaryl group, in particular for triazine, pyrimidine or quinazoline, aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals R 1 on this heteroaryl group can also be preferred.
  • R 1 has the meanings given above, the dashed bond the bond to a carbon atom of the basic structure in formula (1) or in the preferred embodiments or the bond to Ar 1 or Ar 2 or to the nitrogen atom in the group N (Ar ') 2 and the following also applies:
  • Ar 3 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 1;
  • a 1 stands for NR or NR 1
  • the substituent R or R 1 which is bonded to the nitrogen atom, preferably stands for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which is also characterized by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 can be substituted.
  • this substituent R or R 1 identically or differently on each occurrence, represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably with 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which do not contain any condensed aryl groups or fleteroaryl groups which two or more aromatic or heteroaromatic 6-ring groups are fused directly to one another, and which in each case can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 can.
  • phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and quaterphenyl with linkage patterns as listed above for Ar-1 to Ar-11 or R-1 to R-11 these structures being represented by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 may be substituted, but are preferably unsubstituted.
  • a 1 stands for C (R) 2 or C (R 1 ) 2
  • the substituents R and R 1 which are bonded to this carbon atom are preferably the same or different on each occurrence for a linear alkyl group with 1 up to 10 carbon atoms or for a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms or for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 or R 2.
  • R or R 1 very particularly preferably represents a methyl group or a phenyl group.
  • the radicals R and R 1 can also form a ring system with one another, which leads to a spiro system.
  • R 1 identically or differently on each occurrence, is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, OR 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group with 2 up to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkyl or alkenyl group can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 and where one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups are replaced by O can be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 2; two or more radicals R 1 here can form an aliphatic ring system with one another.
  • R 1 identically or differently on each occurrence, is selected from the group consisting of H, a straight-chain alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular with 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or one branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group can be substituted with one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can in each case be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • R 2 identically or differently on each occurrence, is H, F, an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group with 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which is associated with an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Atoms can be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted.
  • the compounds according to the invention can be synthesized by steps known to the person skilled in the art, such as B. bromination, Suzuki coupling, Ullmann coupling, Hartwig-Buchwald coupling, etc. can be shown.
  • a suitable synthesis process is shown in general in the following scheme 1, the symbols and indices used having the meanings given above.
  • formulations of the compounds according to the invention are required. These formulations can be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. It can be preferred to use mixtures of two or more solvents for this purpose.
  • Suitable and preferred Solvents are, for example, toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methyl benzoate, mesitylene, tetralin, veratrole, THF, methyl THF, THP, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, especially 3-phenoxytoluene, (- ) - fenchone, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylbenzothiazole, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-pyrrolidinone, 3-methylanisole, 4-methylanisole, 3,4-dimethylanisole, 3,5-dimethylanisole, acetophenone, a-terpineol, benzothiazole, butylbenzoate, cumene, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclohexylbenzene, decal
  • the present invention therefore also provides a formulation containing at least one compound according to the invention and at least one further compound.
  • the further compound can be, for example, a solvent, in particular one of the solvents mentioned above or a mixture of these solvents.
  • the further connection can, however, also be at least one further organic or inorganic compound which is also used in the electronic device, for example an emitting compound and / or a further matrix material. Suitable emitting compounds and further matrix materials are listed below in connection with the organic electroluminescent device. This further connection can also be polymer.
  • the compounds according to the invention are suitable for use in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to the use of a compound according to the invention in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device.
  • Yet another subject matter of the present invention is an electronic device containing at least one compound according to the invention.
  • An electronic device within the meaning of the present invention is a device which contains at least one layer which contains at least one organic compound.
  • the component can also contain inorganic materials or layers that are made entirely of inorganic materials.
  • the electronic device is preferably selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic field-effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin-film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light-emitting Transistors (O-LETs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), dye-sensitized organic solar cells (DSSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quenching devices (O-FQDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), organic laser diodes (O lasers) and “organic plasmon emitting devices”, but preferably organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), particularly preferably phosphorescent OLEDs.
  • OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
  • O-ICs
  • the organic electroluminescent device contains a cathode, anode and at least one emitting layer. In addition to these layers, it can also contain further layers, for example one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, exciton blocking layers, electron blocking layers and / or charge generation layers. Interlayers, which for example have an exciton-blocking function, can also be introduced between two emitting layers. It should be noted, however, that it is not necessary for each of these layers to be present.
  • the organic electroluminescence device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain multiple emissive layers.
  • emission layers are present, these preferably have a total of several emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, so that overall white emission results, ie different emitting compounds that can fluoresce or phosphoresce are used in the emitting layers. Systems with three emitting layers are particularly preferred, the three layers showing blue, green and orange or red emission.
  • the organic electroluminescent device according to the invention can also be a tandem OLED, in particular for white-emitting OLEDs.
  • the compound according to the invention according to the embodiments listed above can be used in different layers, depending on the precise structure. Preference is given to an organic electroluminescent device containing a compound according to formula (1) or the preferred embodiments set out above in an emitting layer as a matrix material for phosphorescent emitters or for emitters which show TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence), in particular for phosphorescent emitters .
  • the organic electroluminescent device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain a plurality of emitting layers, at least one emitting layer containing at least one compound according to the invention as matrix material.
  • the compound according to the invention can also be used in an electron transport layer and / or in a hole blocking layer.
  • the compound according to the invention is used as a matrix material for a phosphorescent compound in an emitting layer, it is preferably used in combination with one or more phosphorescent materials (triplet emitters).
  • Phosphorescence in the context of this invention is understood to mean the luminescence from an excited state with a higher spin multiplicity, that is to say a spin state> 1, in particular from an excited triplet state.
  • all luminescent complexes with transition metals or lanthanides, in particular all iridium, platinum and copper complexes are to be regarded as phosphorescent compounds.
  • WO 2010/099852 WO 2010/102709, WO 2011/032626, WO 2011/066898, WO 2011/157339, WO 2012/007086, WO 2014/008982,
  • WO 2014/023377 WO 2014/094961, WO 2014/094960, WO 2015/036074, WO 2015/104045, WO 2015/117718, WO 2016/015815, WO 2016/124304, WO 2017/032439, WO 2018/011186 and WHERE
  • Examples of phosphorescent dopants are listed below.
  • the mixture of the compound according to the invention and the emitting compound contains between 99 and 1% by volume, preferably between 98 and 10% by volume, particularly preferably between 97 and 60% % By volume, in particular between 95 and 80% by volume, of the compound according to the invention based on the total mixture of emitter and matrix material. Accordingly, the mixture contains between 1 and 99% by volume, preferably between 2 and 90% by volume, particularly preferably between 3 and 40% by volume, in particular between 5 and 20% by volume of the emitter based on the total mixture Emitter and matrix material.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is the use of the compound according to the invention as a matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter in combination with a further matrix material.
  • Suitable matrix materials which can be used in combination with the compounds according to the invention are aromatic ketones, aromatic phosphine oxides or aromatic sulfoxides or sulfones, e.g. B. according to WO 2004/013080, WO 2004/093207, WO 2006/005627 or WO 2010/006680, triarylamines, carbazole derivatives, e.g. B.
  • CBP N, N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl
  • CBP N, N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl
  • indolocarbazole derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2007/063754 or WO 2008/056746
  • indenocarbazole derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2010/136109, WO 2011/000455, WO 2013/041176 or WO 2013/056776
  • azacarbazole derivatives e.g. B.
  • bipolar matrix materials e.g. B. according to WO 2007/137725
  • silanes e.g. B. according to WO 2005/111172, aza borole or boronic ester, z. B. according to WO 2006/117052
  • triazine derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2007/063754, WO 2008/056746, WO 2010/015306, WO 2011/057706, WO 2011/060859 or WO 2011/060877
  • zinc complexes e.g. B.
  • diazasilol or tetraazasilol derivatives z. B. according to WO 2010/054729
  • diazaphosphole derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2010/054730
  • bridged carbazole derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2011/042107, WO 2011/060867, WO 2011/088877 and WO 2012/143080
  • triphenylene derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2012/048781
  • dibenzofuran derivatives e.g. B.
  • a further phosphorescent emitter which emits with a shorter wave than the actual emitter, can also be present as a co-host in the mixture, or a connection that is not or not to a significant extent Charge transport takes part, as described for example in WO 2010/108579.
  • the materials are used in combination with a further matrix material, in particular with a hole-transporting matrix material.
  • Preferred co-matrix materials are selected from the group of carbazole and triarylamine derivatives, in particular bis-carbazoles, bridged carbazoles, triarylamines, dibenzofuran-carbazole derivatives or dibenzofuran-amine derivatives and carbazolamines.
  • Preferred hole-transporting matrix materials are compounds of the following formula (9), where R, R 1 , R 2 and Ar 'have the meanings listed above and the following applies to the other symbols and indices used:
  • RA is H, -L 3 -Ar 5, or -L 1 -N (Ar ') 2 ;
  • RB is Ar 4 or -L 2 -N (Ar ') 2 ;
  • L 1 , L 2 are on each occurrence, identically or differently, a single bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1;
  • L 3 is a single bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted with one or more radicals R 2 , where a sub- substituent R 1 can form a ring with a substituent R on the carbazole;
  • Ar 4 is an aromatic ring system with 6 to 40 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1;
  • Ar 5 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an unsubstituted or substituted 9-aryl-carbazolyl or an unsubstituted or substituted carbazol-9-yl, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 and where, independently of one another, one or more times each two R 1 radicals or a R 1 radical together with a R radical can form a monocyclic or polycyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring, where aryl is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms which can be substituted by R 1; u means, independently of one another, on each occurrence, or v means, independently of one another, on every occurrence 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.
  • L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , Ar ', Ar 4 , Ar 5 , R, u and v have the meaning given above or below.
  • Preferred compounds of the formula (9) or (9a) are compounds of the formulas (9e), (9f), (9g), (9h) and (9i),
  • a substituent R and a Substituent R 1 form a ring, for example also defined by [X] t in formula (9f), the following rings X-1 to X-7 preferably being formed and the dashed lines each representing the bond to the carbazoles :
  • two substituents R can be or several times together form a ring, or two substituents R 1 can form a ring together once or several times, which is preferably selected from the following structures (S1) to (S9), # and # denoting the respective point of attachment with the C Represents atoms and the structures can each be substituted with one or more substituents R 1 :
  • R 1 in the substructures (S1) to (S9) is preferably H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 40 ring atoms, which can be substituted by R 2 , preferably H or phenyl. If structures (S1) to (S9) are structures which are formed by ring formation of two substituents R 1 , these structures are substituted with R 2 instead of R 1 .
  • the linkers L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from the linkers L-2.1 to L-2.33,
  • the linkers L-2.1 to L-2.33 can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 and the dashed lines denote the connection to the carbazole.
  • a radical R 1 on one of the linkers L-2.1 to L-2.33 can form a ring with a radical R of the carbazole.
  • the linkers L-2.1 to L-2.33 are preferably unsubstituted or substituted by a phenyl.
  • Preferred linkers for L 1 are selected from the structures L-2.1 to L-2.33, in which W has the meaning S or 0, particularly preferably has the meaning O.
  • Preferred linkers for L 3 are selected from the structures L-2.1 to L-2.33, in which W has the meaning O, S or NAr ', particularly preferably O or NAr'.
  • W has the meaning S or NAr ', particularly preferably O or NAr'.
  • u is preferably 0, 1 or 2, where R has a meaning given above or a meaning given below.
  • the substituent R is preferably selected on each occurrence, identically or differently, from the group consisting of D, F, an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which has one or more R 1 can be substituted.
  • the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms in this R is preferably derived from benzene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, 9-phenylcarbazole, biphenyl and terphenyl, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1.
  • the preferred position of the substituent (s) [R] u is position 1, 2, 3 or 4 or the combinations of positions 1 and 4 and 1 and 3, particularly preferably 1 and 3, 2 or 3, very particularly preferably 3, where R has one of the preferred meanings given above and u is greater than 0.
  • Particularly preferred substituents R in [R] u are carbazol-9-yl,
  • the substituent R is preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of D, F, an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms in which one or more Fl atoms can be replaced by D, F, CI, Br, I, a straight-chain or branched alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or CN.
  • Two or more adjacent substituents R can form a mono- or polycyclic ring system with one another.
  • the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms in this R is preferably derived from benzene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, 9-phenylcarbazole, biphenyl, terphenyl and triphenylene.
  • the preferred position of the substituent (s) [R] v is position 1, 2 or 3, particularly preferably 3, where R has one of the preferred meanings given above and v is greater than 0.
  • Ar 'in N (Ar') 2 is preferably derived from benzene, dibenzofuran, fluorene, spirobiflurene, dibenzothiophene, 9-phenylcarbazole, biphenyl and terphenyl, which can be substituted by one or more substituents R 1.
  • Ar ' is preferably unsubstituted here.
  • Preferred substituents R and R 1 are the same as those listed above as being preferred for the compounds of the formula (1).
  • Ar 4 each independently of one another an aromatic ring system with 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system with 10 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1.
  • Ar 4 is preferably derived from benzene, dibenzofuran, fluorene, spirobifluoren, dibenzothiophene, 9-phenylcarbazole, biphenyl and terphenyl, which can be substituted with one or more substituents R 1 , where R 1 has the meaning given above.
  • the ring system optionally substituted by R 1 preferably containing only one nitrogen atom in its entirety or the ring system optionally substituted by R 1 contains in its entirety one or more O and / or S atoms.
  • Ar 'and Ar 4 become each occurrence, independently of one another, is preferably selected from the same groups as set out above as structures R-1 to R-81.
  • Electroluminescent devices use known materials in combination with the compounds according to the invention according to formula (1) or according to the preferred embodiments.
  • An organic electroluminescent device is also preferred, characterized in that one or more layers are applied using a sublimation process.
  • the materials are vapor-deposited in vacuum sublimation systems at an initial pressure of less than 10 -5 mbar, preferably less than 10 -6 mbar. However, it is also possible for the initial pressure to be even lower or higher, for example less than 10 -7 mbar.
  • An organic electroluminescent device is likewise preferred, characterized in that one or more layers are applied using the OVPD (Organic Vapor Phase Deposition) process or with the aid of a carrier gas sublimation.
  • the materials are applied at a pressure between 10 -5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • OVJP Organic Vapor Jet Printing
  • the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and so on be structured (e.g. BMS Arnold et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 053301).
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such as. B. by spin coating, or with any printing process, such as. B. Ink-Jet printing (inkjet printing), LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing or nozzle printing can be produced.
  • B. Ink-Jet printing inkjet printing
  • LITI Light Induced Thermal Imaging
  • screen printing flexographic printing
  • Hybrid processes are also possible in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more additional layers are vapor-deposited.
  • the compounds according to the invention When used in organic electroluminescent devices, the compounds according to the invention generally have very good properties. In particular, when the compounds according to the invention are used in organic electroluminescent devices, the service life is better compared to similar compounds according to the prior art. The other properties of the organic electroluminescent device, in particular the efficiency and the voltage, are comparable or better.
  • the solvents and reagents can e.g. B. from Sigma-ALDRICH or ABCR.
  • the particulars given in square brackets or the numbers given for individual compounds relate to the CAS numbers of the compounds known from the literature.
  • 6-bromo-1-chloro-dibenzofuran [2144800- 21-3] (28.15 g, 100 mmol)
  • 8H- [1] benzothieno- [2,3-c] carbazole [1255309-17-1] (28.70 g, 105 mmol)
  • sodium tert-butoxide (19.21 g, 200 mmol) in 1000 mL ortho-xylene.
  • tri- tert-butylphosphine [13716-12-6] (solution 1 mol / L in toluene, 5.0 mL
  • Pd 2 (dba) 3 with SPhos [657408-07-6] or bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II) chloride [13965-03-2] can also be used as a catalyst system (palladium source and ligand).
  • Glass flakes coated with structured ITO (indium tin oxide) with a thickness of 50 nm are first treated with an oxygen plasma, followed by an argon plasma, before coating. These plasma-treated glass platelets form the substrates on which the OLEDs are applied.
  • structured ITO indium tin oxide
  • the OLEDs basically have the following layer structure: substrate / hole injection layer (HIL) / hole transport layer (HTL) / electron blocking layer (EBL) / emission layer (EML) / optional hole blocking layer (HBL) / electron transport layer (ETL) / optional electron injection layer (EIL) ) and finally a cathode.
  • the cathode is formed by a 100 nm thick aluminum layer.
  • Table 1 The ones required to manufacture the OLEDs Materials are shown in Table 3.
  • the data of the OLEDs are listed in Table 2.
  • the emission layer always consists of at least one matrix material (host material, host material) and an emitting dopant (dopant, emitter), which is mixed with the matrix material or matrix materials in a certain volume proportion by co-vaporization.
  • a specification such as EG1: H4: TEG2 (44%: 44%: 12%) means that the materials EG1 and 42 are present in a volume fraction of 44% each, and TEG1 is present in a volume fraction of 12% in the layer.
  • the electron transport layer can also consist of a mixture of two materials.
  • the OLEDs are characterized as standard.
  • the electroluminescence spectra are determined at a luminance of 1000 cd / m 2 and the CIE 1931 x and y color coordinates are calculated therefrom.
  • the specification U1000 in Table 2 denotes the voltage that is required for a luminance of 1000 cd / m 2.
  • SE1000 and EQE1000 denote the current efficiency and the external quantum efficiency, which are achieved at 1000 cd / m 2 .
  • the specification U 10 in Table 2 denotes the voltage that is required for a current density of 10 mA / cm 2.
  • SE10 and EQE10 denote the current efficiency and the external quantum efficiency, which are achieved at 10 mA
  • the service life LD is defined as the time after which the luminance drops from the initial luminance to a certain proportion L1 during operation with constant current density jo.
  • the materials EG1 to EG31 according to the invention are used in examples E1 to E28 and B1 to B54 as matrix material in the emission layer of green phosphorescent OLEDs.
  • the use of the compounds according to the invention results in significantly longer lifetimes compared to SdT1 (see Table 2).
  • E1-E3 can be compared directly with V1, E4-E7 directly with V2, E8-E12 directly with V3, E13-E17 directly with V4 and E18-E28 directly with V5 and each show the improvement in service life compared to SdT 1 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des dérivés de dibenzofurane substitués par des groupes hétéroaryle pauvres en électrons, ainsi que des dispositifs électroniques, en particulier des dispositifs électroluminescents organiques contenant lesdits composés en tant que matériaux de matrice triplet.
EP20709207.3A 2019-08-26 2020-03-11 Matériaux pour dispositifs électroluminescents organiques Pending EP4021903A1 (fr)

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EP4238969A1 (fr) * 2020-10-30 2023-09-06 LT Materials Co., Ltd. Composé hétérocyclique, dispositif électroluminescent organique le comprenant, composition pour couche organique de dispositif électroluminescent organique, et procédé de fabrication de dispositif électroluminescent organique
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