EP3997961A1 - Appareil ménager à micro-ondes comportant un dispositif de variation de modes - Google Patents

Appareil ménager à micro-ondes comportant un dispositif de variation de modes

Info

Publication number
EP3997961A1
EP3997961A1 EP20737166.7A EP20737166A EP3997961A1 EP 3997961 A1 EP3997961 A1 EP 3997961A1 EP 20737166 A EP20737166 A EP 20737166A EP 3997961 A1 EP3997961 A1 EP 3997961A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwave
points
appliance
household
mode variation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20737166.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3997961B1 (fr
Inventor
Sebastian Sterz
Markus Kuchler
Kerstin RIGORTH
Matthias Vogt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Publication of EP3997961A1 publication Critical patent/EP3997961A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3997961B1 publication Critical patent/EP3997961B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/66—Circuits
    • H05B6/68—Circuits for monitoring or control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/081—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on stoves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6432—Aspects relating to testing or detecting leakage in a microwave heating apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/70—Feed lines
    • H05B6/705—Feed lines using microwave tuning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/74—Mode transformers or mode stirrers
    • H05B6/745—Rotatable stirrers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6408—Supports or covers specially adapted for use in microwave heating apparatus
    • H05B6/6411—Supports or covers specially adapted for use in microwave heating apparatus the supports being rotated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
    • H05B6/725—Rotatable antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/74—Mode transformers or mode stirrers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a household microwave appliance, having a cooking chamber that can be acted upon by microwaves, at least one mode variation device which is set up to change a field distribution of the microwaves in the cooking chamber, and at least one microwave leakage sensor for detecting from the cooking chamber emerging microwave leakage radiation, wherein the household microwave appliance is set up to vary setting values of the at least one mode variation device.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a household microwave appliance, in which a cooking space is exposed to microwaves and setting values of at least one mode variation device which is set up to change a field distribution of the microwaves in the cooking space are varied.
  • the invention is particularly advantageously applicable to stand-alone microwave devices and to combination devices such as
  • microwave household appliances To measure microwave leakage radiation emerging from a cooking space in order to protect a user.
  • the field strengths of the microwave radiation are measured inside the device housing or on a door that closes the cooking space and checked for compliance with a limit value. If this limit value is exceeded, an appliance malfunction can be assumed and the operation of the microwave household appliance is stopped for safety reasons.
  • EP 2 148 553 A1 discloses a method for detecting the microwave leakage radiation by a microwave sensor device arranged between a cooking chamber wall and a housing.
  • a time curve of the detected microwave leakage radiation is stored for a time interval by a storage device which is connected to the microwave sensor device and is checked for exceeding threshold values. It is also described how one or more microwave sensors are placed in areas of openings in the cooking space wall.
  • EP 2 152 047 A1 discloses a safety device for detecting leakage radiation in a cooking device with a microwave function and a cooking device with such a term safety device.
  • the safety device comprises at least one microwave sensor which comprises a probe in which an alternating current can be induced by leakage radiation, or which is suitable for tapping alternating currents that are induced in other objects by leakage radiation.
  • the sensor also includes a fuse through which the alternating current is passed.
  • the safety device comprises a device which is suitable for switching off a microwave source of the cooking appliance as soon as the safety device trips.
  • DE 2 029 559 A1 discloses a safety device against the escape of radiation from microwave devices, with at least one gas tube responding to microwaves being used, which is arranged in the vicinity of the zone of a possible radiation exit and electrically connected to the control circuit of a controlled semiconductor diode. is switched, which in turn is in the feed circuit of a relay, the excitation of which causes the electrical feed circuit of a microwave generator to open.
  • DE 195 37 755 A1 discloses a microwave oven, especially for a laboratory, with a heating chamber surrounded by a housing, into which microwaves can be coupled and which is accessible through a closable access opening, a microwave sensor in the area of a gap emanating from the heating chamber of the housing is arranged so that when microwave radiation exceeding a certain value enters or passes through the gap, the sensor activates the emission of a warning signal or switches off the microwave exposure to the heating chamber.
  • a cooking chamber can be viewed approximately as a cavity resonator. Therefore, there is a finite number of microwave field distributions determined by the geometry of the cooking chamber (which can also be referred to as "modes” or “mode images”). Typical microwave field distributions are spatially inhomogeneous and have one or more partial areas with increased microwave power or energy (so-called "hot spots”). The transition from one fashion image to another is typically not continuous, but largely discrete.
  • US 2008/0302958 A1 describes an indicator object in the form of a so-called “lightboard” with a plurality of light sources which are arranged in a distributed manner and can be excited to glow by microwaves. In each case, however, an object (sensor, indicator object) is brought into the interior of the cooking chamber for this purpose.
  • a rotary antenna via which microwaves are radiated into the cooking space, or a mode stirrer with a fixed angle are often used to uniformize the microwave field distribution in a product to be heated and thus to avoid static hotspots in the product - speed rotated. This leads to an angle-dependent change in the microwave field distribution in the cooking space.
  • the rotation of a rotary antenna can also change the operating frequency of the magnetron due to what is known as “load pulling”, which in general can also lead to a drastic change in the mode pattern.
  • a turntable on which the material to be heated is placed can be rotated at a fixed, predetermined angular speed.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a dependency of a microwave field distribution or a mode image on an angular position or a rotation angle f of a rotary antenna in degrees for a correspondingly equipped microwave domestic appliance.
  • a household microwave appliance having a cooking space that can be acted upon by microwaves, at least one mode variation device which is set up or intended to change a field distribution of the microwaves in the cooking space, and at least one microwave leakage sensor for detection of microwave leakage radiation emerging from the cooking space, the household microwave appliance being set up to vary setting values of the at least one mode variation device and, based on the amount of measurement data of the detected microwave leakage radiation resulting from the variation, at least one working point of the at least define a mode variation device.
  • This household microwave device advantageously makes it possible, by means of a cost-effective structure and within a very short time, to determine which setting values of the at least one mode variation device correspond to the same or practically the same microwave field distributions or mode images. Analogously, it is possible to systematically determine the setting parameters associated with all possible mode images. As a result, the total available basic set of setting values of the at least one mode variation device can advantageously be reduced to a subset of operating points that is significantly smaller in their actual control, with the operating points being able to be selected in such a way that each operating point leads or belongs to a different mode map . This in turn makes it possible to avoid temporal inequalities in the generation of different mode images in a particularly simple manner.
  • operating parameters can in turn be adapted in order to operate the microwave device in an improved manner.
  • operating parameters, in particular operating points, of an operating sequence of a household microwave appliance can be adapted as a function of a measurement of a change in leakage radiation.
  • the household microwave appliance has a cooking space with a loading opening, typically on the front, which can be closed by means of a microwave-tight door.
  • the household microwave appliance also has a microwave generator such as a Magnetron or a semiconductor-based microwave generator.
  • the microwave generator is advantageously inverter-controlled.
  • the microwaves generated by the microwave generator can be coupled into the cooking space, e.g. directly or via a wave guide. It is a further development that the household microwave appliance has a rotary antenna for coupling the microwaves into the cooking space.
  • the household microwave device can be an independent microwave device, the energy of which for treating items located in the cooking space is only provided by the microwaves.
  • the household microwave appliance can, however, also be a combination appliance which, in addition to the microwave generator, has at least one further energy source for treating the items in the cooking space, e.g. a heat source such as at least one resistance heating element.
  • the combination device can be, for example, an oven with additional microwave functionality or a microwave device with an additional oven function.
  • the cooking space is delimited by a cooking space wall, which can have leakage openings such as feed-through openings, e.g. for cables, the rotary antenna, etc., through which the microwave leakage radiation through the cooking space wall into the appliance. can kick.
  • Microwave leakage radiation is understood to mean, in particular, microwave radiation emerging from the cooking space when the cooking chamber door is closed.
  • a mode variation device can in particular be understood to mean a device which can be set on the device side and which is suitable or provided for bringing about noticeably different field distributions of the microwaves in the cooking space as a function of its setting values. Two or more setting values thus lead to two or more different microwave field distributions. The microwave field distribution in the cooking space can therefore be changed by changing the setting values. It is not excluded that two or more different setting values lead to the same or practically the same microwave field distributions or mode patterns. In individual cases depending, for example, on the type of loading of the cooking space, it is also possible that all setting values of at least one mode variation device lead to the same or practically the same microwave field distributions.
  • the type of at least one microwave leakage sensor is basically not restricted. Consequently, there can also be several leakage sensors that are of different or the same type (e.g. detection method). If there are several leakage sensors, a spatially resolved detection of the microwave leakage radiation is made possible. However, to determine the switchover points, only the strength of the total microwave leakage radiation can be determined.
  • the setting values of the at least one mode variation device can be varied, for example, by setting all possible combinations of the setting values of all setting parameters. Measurement data can then correspond to multi-dimensional tuples of setting values for different setting parameters.
  • An “operating point” can be understood to mean, in particular, a certain value or, in the multi-dimensional case, a certain value tuple of the at least one mode variation device, to which the at least one mode variation device can be specifically set or is set in order to operate the domestic microwave appliance . It is an embodiment that the household microwave device is set up to determine the switchover points
  • Moving through a setting range includes, in particular, setting several setting values in succession, in particular all setting values, of a possible or predetermined value range of at least one setting parameter, which is referred to as the “setting range”.
  • Characteristic properties are understood to mean, in particular, points or areas of the measured curve from which the operating points can be determined particularly clearly or reliably.
  • a change in a mode pattern can be determined or ascertained using at least one characteristic property, that is, such a point correlates with a change in a mode pattern.
  • a retention of a mode image can be determined or ascertained using at least one characteristic property, that is, such a point correlates with a stable mode image.
  • Characteristic properties can occur at points or areas of the curve where there is a particularly strong change in the measured microwave strength. However, this is not mandatory, and characteristic properties that are indicative of a change in the model image can, for example, also be derived from a wide range of curves (for example an angular range of 100 ° or greater). It is thus possible that a continuous transition between different mode images while passing through an adjustment range of at least one mode variation setting direction occurs. This is then characterized, for example, by a long flank with an almost constant slope in the curve.
  • the at least one characteristic property includes the presence of switchover points at which a significant change in the field distribution occurs, and that the household microwave appliance is set up to set operating points of the at least one mode variation device so that they are outside the switchover points . This ensures that different mode images are reliably generated.
  • the fact that a significant or strong change in the field distribution occurs can in particular include that at or in the area of a switchover point there is a change between different mode images.
  • a mode image remains at least largely the same between two adjacent switchover points, e.g. with regard to the number and spatial location of hotspots. Fluctuations in a mode image between adjacent switchover points can then include, for example, changes in the relative field strength and / or expansion of the hotspots.
  • the switchover values are therefore setting values of the at least one mode variation device in which a noticeable change in the field distribution occurs, in particular a rapid change between two mode images.
  • an operating point lies outside the switchover points includes in particular that there is a sufficient value difference between the operating point on the one hand and the nearest or adjacent switchover points (e.g. a next smaller switchover point and a next larger switchover point).
  • the switching points are determined from turning points of the curve. This can in particular be implemented in such a way that the turning points belonging to the switchover points are determined from extreme points of a first derivation of the curve of the measured values. It is an alternative or additional embodiment that the characteristic properties include extreme and / or terrace points of the curve and the household microwave device is set up to define the extreme and / or terrace points as working points of the at least one mode variation device. This has the advantage that the operating points can be determined directly from points on the curve or derivatives thereof and not indirectly from a relationship to switchover points.
  • characteristic properties of the curve of the curve can be determined with the aid of conventional curve evaluations or curve discussions.
  • Characteristic points as zeros, zeros of a slope, maxima / minima, maxima / minima of a slope, turning points, terrace points, etc. of the measurement curve or any derivatives can be determined.
  • the household microwave appliance is set up to redetermine the operating points at the beginning of each microwave operating sequence, e.g. a microwave cooking sequence. This determination can also be referred to as an "initial scan". In this way, a particularly precise and reliable determination of the operating points is achieved. An initial scan typically only takes a few seconds.
  • the operating points can be carried out once for respective operating procedures and / or cooking parameters such as a type of food (e.g. pizza) etc. and then stored and then retrieved from a data memory for the same or similar operating procedures and / or cooking parameters.
  • a type of food e.g. pizza
  • the operating points are only determined every nth time for the same or similar operating sequences and / or cooking parameters. This has the advantage that changes in the assignment of mode images to setting values can be taken into account.
  • precisely one working point is specified for a specific mode image, that is to say that several working points are not specified for each mode image. It is a further development that no working point is specified for at least one mode image, for example because the neighboring switchover points are too close to one another. It is a further development that the household microwave appliance is set up to set the operating points during a microwave operating sequence with the same time proportions. In this way, a particularly uniform microwave field distribution is achieved over the duration of the microwave operating sequence. This development can be implemented, for example, in that the desired operating points are set cyclically one after the other and held for the same period of time.
  • the at least one mode variation device has or is at least one device from the group of rotary antenna, mode stirrer (also referred to as “stirrer”), turntable and / or microwave generator.
  • mode stirrer also referred to as “stirrer”
  • turntable and / or microwave generator.
  • These devices have the advantage that their adjustment can result in a particularly noticeable change in the field distribution.
  • At least the turntable, the rotary antenna and the (rotatable) mode stirrer are even specifically intended to change the field distribution, typically by changing their rotational or angular position.
  • the rotary antenna, the mode stirrer and the rotary plate have, as mode-influencing setting parameters, in particular at least one angle of rotation f that can be adjusted within a range of rotation angles.
  • the usable angle of rotation range can e.g. [0 °; 180 °] or [0 °; 360 °].
  • the rotary antenna can in particular be rotatable.
  • the rotary antenna and / or the mode stirrer can also include other mode-influencing setting parameters such as their height position along their axis of rotation and / or a relative angular position of two wings or blades to one another about an axis of rotation of the rotary antenna.
  • the microwave generator in particular if it is in the form of a semiconductor-based microwave generator, has, as a mode-influencing setting parameter, in particular the microwave frequency of the microwaves generated by it.
  • the phase shift between the feed paths can also be used as a setting parameter.
  • leakage radiation can be measured at any point when the door is closed.
  • the at least one microwave leakage sensor is set up to measure a microwave leakage radiation passing through a cooking chamber wall.
  • the at least one microwave leakage sensor is designed to measure microwave leakage radiation passing through a door gap between a housing flange and a door that closes the cooking chamber.
  • the at least one microwave leakage sensor comprises or has at least one sniffer line that is laid or is present outside the cooking space.
  • a "sniffer line” is understood to mean an electrically conductive, in particular metallic, line (e.g. a conductor track, wire, cable, etc.) into which electrical currents can be induced by microwaves.
  • At least one sniffer line is connected to an evaluation circuit of the microwave leakage sensor, the evaluation circuit being designed for the quantitative measurement of a variable of alternating currents induced in the at least one sniffer line connected to it.
  • the sniffer line can advantageously have a great length and be laid in various ways in the household microwave device.
  • electrical currents from different leakage points can be induced in a sniffer line at the same time, so that the sniffer line has a position-integrating effect. It has been shown that the switchover points can advantageously also be determined with high accuracy in this case.
  • a sniffer line can be used, which leads past all selected leakage points. This has the advantage that the switchover points can be determined using only a single sniffer line.
  • the evaluation circuit can be arranged remotely from sources of leakage radiation in areas of the household microwave device that are not subject to much thermal, chemical and / or electromagnetic stress.
  • the sniffer Lines are noticeably more resistant and can easily pass through thermally and chemically stressed (eg hot and / or humid) areas.
  • the evaluation circuit is set up in particular to determine the strength of a microwave-induced current induced in the at least one sniffer line, which is a measure of the strength of the leakage or leakage rate.
  • the evaluation circuit can have one or more electrical and / or electronic components and / or functional units such as capacitors, resistors, processors (e.g. microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs), rectifiers, A / D converters, etc.
  • an evaluation circuit can be connected to precisely one sniffer line and therefore only evaluate this sniffer line or determine the strength of a microwave-induced current in this sniffer line. It is an alternative development that an evaluation circuit is connected to several sniffer lines. In this case, several sniffer lines can be evaluated jointly by the evaluation circuit. The joint evaluation enables a particularly simple and inexpensive detection device to be provided. The covered or detectable detection area can also be enlarged as a result, so that the evaluation unit can respond earlier when the mode is switched.
  • several sniffer lines can be brought together electrically for this purpose and connected to the evaluation circuit at a common node. Alternatively, several sniffer lines can be evaluated individually using the same evaluation circuit, e.g. at different times or in parallel. The individual evaluation enables an improved localization of one of the mode changes.
  • the household microwave device can have several evaluation circuits, each connected to a sniffer line, for example. These can be arranged distributed over the household microwave device.
  • At least one sniffer line has or performs at least one further function, at least in sections.
  • an electrical line that is already present for a different purpose can also be used as a sniffer line.
  • a line having the at least one further function would thus also be present in the device if it were not used to detect the microwave leakage.
  • This has the advantage that for this sniffer line no separate electrical line is required to detect a leakage of microwaves. This in turn advantageously enables a particularly cost-effective structure.
  • the at least one further function comprises a power supply function for supplying at least one electrical consumer of the household microwave device with electrical energy and / or a data transmission function.
  • at least one sniffer line is also a power supply line for at least one electrical consumer and / or a data transmission line.
  • the ("load") current used to operate the consumer can be a direct current or an alternating current.
  • Such sniffer lines have the advantage that they are typically designed to be the same over their length and / or have a defined, particularly low electrical resistance. As a result, particularly precise and reliable detection or evaluation of the alternating currents induced therein by microwaves can be achieved.
  • sniffer lines typically connect functional units to one another, which are located in room areas of the household microwave appliance that are not exposed to much thermal and / or chemical and / or electromagnetic stress. Consequently, the evaluation circuit can also be arranged with little or no adaptation effort on end sections of the sniffer lines in these areas.
  • the at least one electrical consumer comprises a heating element, a light generating device, a motor, a power supply device and / or electronics (for example a control board) etc.
  • the heating element can For example, a resistance heating element for heating the cooking space or an evaporator.
  • the light generating device can, for example, be or have a lamp or other lighting device, for example for illuminating the cooking space, operating elements or decorative elements.
  • the motor can be, for example, a motor for moving a rotary antenna, a roasting spit, a fan, a flap (eg a vapor flap), a turntable, a cooking chamber door, a pump, etc.
  • the at least one electrical consumer is not restricted to this and can be any other consumer such as a control panel or component thereof, a camera, a communication module (for example a WLAN or Ethernet module), etc.
  • At least one sniffer line has at least one data transmission function and is connected to at least one functional unit of the device that does not represent an electrical consumer, for example with a sensor, a reed contact or other magnetic switch, etc.
  • the functional unit that does not consume electricity is a sensor, for example a temperature sensor, especially a temperature sensor.
  • sensors that represent electrical consumers for example oxygen sensors in the form of lambda probes that have a heating element. If the functional unit that does not represent an electrical consumer is a reed contact, in one variant this could only switch signal levels (e.g. a microcontroller evaluates the switching status), in another variant e.g. an excitation current of a relay coil.
  • the cabling of both reed contacts would be suitable sniffer lines.
  • An electrical line can also be set up or used as a sniffer line, which is used both for power supply and for data transmission, e.g. by modulating a power supply signal with a data signal.
  • an electrical consumer can be connected both to a dedicated power supply line and to a dedicated data line, one or more of which can serve as a sniffer line.
  • At least one sniffer line has at least one section, the shape and / or position of which is determined (only) by the function of the sniffer line for detecting the microwave leakage radiation.
  • This section therefore does not contribute to the implementation of the further function of the sniffer line or can change itself even (even if typically only slightly) have a negative effect on it.
  • the advantage of such a section is that it is shaped and / or relocated for improved detection of microwave leakage radiation and thus enables its particularly reliable detection.
  • the section can for example be placed through or around areas of openings in a cooking chamber wall. Due to the increased length, its ohmic resistance is increased, but this need only have a negligibly small or practically no effect on its power line and / or data transmission function.
  • the section can also be twisted (for example, meander-shaped).
  • At least one sniffer line has a length of at least 800 mm, in particular of at least 1000 mm, in particular of at least 1500 mm, in particular of at least 2000 mm.
  • Such a long length has the advantage that as many / large areas as possible inside the housing of the household microwave device can be covered with a sniffer line and locally distributed sources of leakage radiation can be sensed or detected with a small number of sniffer lines.
  • the microwave detection device it is also possible for the microwave detection device to have at least one sniffer line which has no further signal-conducting (i.e. no current and / or data-conducting) function, in particular no further function.
  • a sniffer line is therefore only laid for the purpose of detecting microwave-based induction.
  • Providing a sniffer line has the advantage that it can be laid in the device in a particularly variable manner, e.g. because it is functionally connected to the evaluation circuit at one end, but the other end is a freely positionable end.
  • Such a sniffer line can be, for example, a wire, a cable, a conductor track applied to a substrate, etc.
  • the household microwave device can consequently be designed in such a way that the evaluation circuit is connected to at least one sniffer line, which also fulfills at least one further function, and / or to at least one sniffer line without a dedicated further function.
  • At least one evaluation circuit is an independent component of the household microwave appliance, is arranged separately from a control device and is connected to the control device via at least one signal line. That is.
  • the evaluation circuit can in particular provide information about the strength of the microwave-induced alternating current.
  • the output signal or the output information can be in analog or digital form.
  • the output signal or the output information can be used by the control device to assess whether at least one action associated with the strength of the leak rate should be triggered, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the evaluation circuit is integrated in a control device of the household microwave appliance.
  • This has the advantage that the evaluation circuit is accommodated in a space which is particularly well suited or provided for accommodating electrical and / or electronic components.
  • the control device is accommodated in a specially protected compartment, compartment or compartment that is, for example, thermally insulated and / or ventilated to cool the evaluation unit.
  • the signal paths between the evaluation circuit and the control device are particularly short and therefore not susceptible to interference.
  • the output signals or output information can be passed directly to a processor (e.g. a microcontroller, FPGA, ASIC, etc.) of the control device.
  • the control device typically has several electrical lines (power supply lines and / or data lines) leading to consumers, so that the positioning of the evaluation circuit on the control device enables particularly short distances from the at least one sniffer line to the evaluation circuit .
  • the evaluation circuit is integrated into the control device of the household microwave device in such a way that it is an independent structural unit (e.g. has its own circuit board or circuit board) that is attached to the circuit board or circuit board of the control device, e.g. by soldering (en), a slot, etc.
  • the evaluation circuit is integrated into the control device of the household microwave appliance in such a way that a circuit board of the control device is equipped with the components of the evaluation circuit. It is a further development that the evaluation circuit is functionally integrated in the control device to the extent that a processor of the control device also takes over the evaluation of the sniffer line (s). Advantageously, there is then no longer any need for a separate or separately manufactured evaluation circuit.
  • the evaluation circuit is connected to the at least one sniffer line via at least one conductor track on a circuit board of the control device.
  • a sniffer line is led to the circuit board and connected there to the conductor track, e.g. by soldering points, terminals, plugs, etc.
  • the evaluation circuit is connected to the at least one sniffer line via a coupling capacitor.
  • This has the advantage that the sniffer line is galvanically isolated from the evaluation circuit, but AC signals can be transmitted through the coupling capacitor.
  • the coupling capacitor thus achieves a DC voltage separation between the sniffer line and the evaluation circuit.
  • one connection of the coupling capacitor is electrically connected to at least one sniffer line and the other connection is electrically connected to the evaluation circuit.
  • the coupling capacitor can also represent part of the evaluation circuit.
  • the coupling capacitor is a component of a high-pass filter.
  • the coupling capacitor together with a particularly grounded ohmic resistor forms the high-pass filter.
  • the resistance can be a component of the evaluation circuit, for example its input resistance.
  • the high-pass filter additionally has a resistor connected to the coupling capacitor, in particular an input resistor, and the coupling capacitor has a capacitance of size C (equation 1): has, where R is the resistance value of the ohmic resistance and f u corresponds to a lower limit frequency of the high-pass filter.
  • a lower limit frequency f u of the resulting high pass is as high as the signal to be measured at least requires (the measurement signal has a typical microwave frequency of 915 MHz or 2.45 GHz ).
  • the lower limit frequency f u is set so that the transmitted voltage U 2 is only 1 / ⁇ 2 or approx. 70.7% of the The amplitude of the original signal U 1 is or the original signal U 1 is weakened by this factor. It follows from this for the absolute value of the transfer function
  • the output or calculation values determined by the evaluation circuit which represent a measure of the strength of the microwave leakage, can, for example, be used by the control device or another data processing device to determine the switchover and operating points.
  • the microwave leakage radiation can also be measured indirectly, for example by quantifying secondary effects in frequency ranges different from the microwave frequency, e.g. at typical frequencies of 20 kHz to 100 GHz relevant for EMC (electromagnetic compatibility), which are also based on the Power line can be diverted.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • the object is also achieved by a method for operating a household microwave appliance in which
  • the microwave leakage radiation emerging from the cooking chamber is measured for the various setting values of the at least one mode variation device
  • the method can be designed analogously to the household microwave device and has the same advantages.
  • One embodiment uses the detected microwave leakage radiation to determine switchover points at which a noticeable change in the field distribution of the microwaves occurs within the cooking space. Operating points of the at least one mode variation device are set so that they are outside the switching points.
  • the household microwave appliance can have a correspondingly set up, e.g. programmed, data processing device.
  • the data processing device can be functionally integrated into a control device of the household microwave appliance, i.e. the control device can be set up to allow the method described above to run.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional side view of a household microwave appliance
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a control device of the household microwave device from FIG. 1 with an evaluation circuit
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative evaluation circuit for the household microwave device from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a plot of a measured value measured by the microwave leakage sensor of the household microwave device from FIG. 1, which represents a strength of the microwave leakage radiation, against an angle of rotation of the rotary antenna of the household microwave device from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 shows a plot of an amount of a derivation of the curve determined from FIG. 4 and additionally smoothed against the angle of rotation of the rotary antenna;
  • FIG. 6 shows a plot of switchover points determined from the curve from FIG. 5 against the angle of rotation of the rotary antenna
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a dependency of a microwave field distribution on the angle of rotation f of the rotary antenna for the microwave domestic appliance from FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a so-called light board as a measurement setup that shows the field distribution in the cooking space as a function of the rotation angle f of the rotary antenna for a microwave domestic appliance according to FIG.
  • the household microwave appliance 1 shows a sectional side view of a sketch of a household microwave appliance 1 with a cooking space 2.
  • the cooking space 2 is surrounded by a cooking space wall or muffle 3 which has a front loading opening that can be closed by a door 4.
  • the household microwave appliance 1 has at least one microwave generator 5 for treating items located in the cooking space 2 (not shown), and possibly also further heating elements such as one or more resistance heating elements (not shown).
  • the microwaves generated by the microwave generator 5 are conducted to the cooking space 2 via a microwave guide 6 and there coupled into the cooking space 2 via a rotary antenna 7 serving as a mode variation device.
  • the rotary antenna 7 here has an antenna wing 8, for example, and can be rotated through 360 ° around an axis of rotation D by means of a stepping motor (not shown).
  • the household microwave appliance 1 or its controllable components including the microwave generator 5 and the rotary antenna 7 can be controlled or actuated by means of a central control device 9 (also referred to as "appliance control").
  • a central control device 9 also referred to as "appliance control”
  • the sniffer line 11 is set up so that alternating currents can be induced in it by microwaves. It is designed, for example, as a simple wire or a simple cable.
  • the evaluation circuit 10 is designed to determine the strength of alternating currents induced in the sniffer line 11.
  • the evaluation circuit 10 and the sniffer line 1 1 form a detection device 10, 1 1 for detecting microwave leakage radiation outside the cooking space 2, in particular in an intermediate space between the cooking space 2 and an outer housing 12 of the household microwave appliance 1 and / or inside Area of the door 4.
  • the sniffer line 11 can be a Have a length of at least 800 mm, in particular of at least 1000 mm, in particular of at least 1500 mm, in particular of at least 2000 mm.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the control device 9 with some of the components present on it.
  • Several electrical lines 15 are routed to a printed circuit board 14 of the control device 9, the other ends of which are connected to functional units of the household microwave appliance 1 such as electrical consumers and / or sensors and / or are sniffer lines.
  • one of the electrical lines 15 corresponds to the sniffer line 11.
  • the electrical lines 15 are connected to the circuit board 14 at connection points 16, such as terminals or the like, and there merge into corresponding conductor tracks 17 of the circuit board 14.
  • connection points 16 such as terminals or the like
  • connection points 16 such as terminals or the like
  • only one sniffer line 11 is connected, purely by way of example, to an evaluation circuit 10 arranged on circuit board 14, which in turn is connected to a processor 18, e.g. a microcontroller, ASIC or FPGA, of control device 9.
  • the evaluation circuit 10 is therefore integrated into the control device 9.
  • the evaluation circuit 10 is connected here from the conductor track 17 connected to the sniffer line 11 via a coupling capacitor 19, which causes a DC voltage separation between the evaluation circuit 10 and the sniffer line 11.
  • the evaluation circuit 10 has at least one ohmic resistor 20, which is connected on the one hand to the terminal connected to the processor 18 and on the other hand to a predetermined reference potential or ground.
  • the coupling capacitor 19 and the resistor 20 form a high-pass filter 19, 20 for the signal arriving from the sniffer line 11.
  • the coupling capacitor 19 here advantageously has a capacitance value C of the size with R the resistance value of the resistor 20 and f u a desired lower limit frequency of the high-pass filter 19, 20.
  • the lower limit frequency f u is chosen so that practically only the microwave-induced voltage components are allowed through.
  • the - e.g. analog - output signal of the evaluation circuit 10 is passed to the processor 18 for evaluation (e.g. to an analog input of a microcontroller).
  • the evaluation circuit 10 can also have other components or parts (not shown), for example an A / D converter, operational amplifier, etc.
  • the control device 9 is set up, based on a strength of the microwave-induced alternating current in the sniffer line 11, represented by the output signal of the evaluation circuit 10, switching points at which a noticeable change in the field distribution occurs in the cooking chamber 2, and corresponding operating points to determine.
  • FIG. 3 shows an evaluation circuit 21 that is alternative to the evaluation circuit 10.
  • the alternative evaluation circuit 10 also has a filter function, but now with the provision of an LC filter.
  • a first coil 22 with an inductance value L1 and an anode side of a diode 23 are now connected to the coupling capacitor 19 via a common node.
  • the other connection of the first coil 22 is connected to ground, while the cathode connection of the diode 23 is connected via a further node to a second capacitor 24 with a capacitance value C2 and to a second coil 25 with an inductance value L2.
  • the other terminal of the second capacitor 24 is connected to ground, while the other terminal of the second coil 25 is connected to the processor 18.
  • the measured value LMW can be tapped, for example, at the output of the evaluation circuit 10 leading to the processor 18.
  • the course of the measured values LMW is logarithmically proportional to the measured field strength of the microwaves. Angular areas with a practically constant stress curve as well as cracks are shown.
  • This voltage curve enables direct conclusions to be drawn about changes in the field distribution of the microwaves in the cooking space 2.
  • the jump points correspond to a change in the mode pattern in the cooking chamber 2 with a very high degree of reliability.
  • the change in the mode image can be carried out, for example, experimentally by means of a method as in FIG.
  • Lightboards described in US 2008/0302958 A1 can be determined. Angular ranges with almost constant measured values LMW also show a constant brightness image of the lightboard, while a switchover of the mode image can be seen directly in the voltage curve. This is described in more detail in FIG. 8 detailed below.
  • a possible variant for the device-side, automated determination of the operating points of the rotary antenna 7 can include the following subsequent steps:
  • the optional curve smoothing advantageously reduces the influence of measurement errors.
  • the slope of the curve expressed as DLMW / Df or ⁇ LMW / ⁇ f, for example, provides information on rising and falling edges of the (smoothed) measured value curve.
  • FIG. 5 shows a first derivative of the smoothed curve shown in FIG. 4 as a plot of an amount of the change in measured value
  • the data is reduced to switchover points, e.g. by selecting the values with the local maximum gradient.
  • switchover points for example, the change from one mode image to another takes place.
  • angles of rotation f 10 °, 50 °, 75 °, 110 °, 145 °, 225 ° and 315 °.
  • Possible field distributions or mode images are shown in more detail below in FIG.
  • This sequence for determining the operating points can be carried out at the beginning of a microwave operating sequence and can be referred to as an initial scan.
  • the control device 9 can be set up, following the initial scan, to control the rotary antenna 7 or the associated stepping motor so that the different mode images associated with the different operating points are kept for the same time periods and the food to be cooked is therefore kept in the same time segments is applied (and no longer proportional to the angular portion that the mode images assume during one revolution).
  • the control device 9 can be set up, following the initial scan, to control the rotary antenna 7 or the associated stepping motor so that the different mode images associated with the different operating points are kept for the same time periods and the food to be cooked is therefore kept in the same time segments is applied (and no longer proportional to the angular portion that the mode images assume during one revolution).
  • the method is generally not limited to household appliances whose mode variation device has only a single setting parameter or degree of freedom (such as the angle of rotation f of the rotating antenna 7), but can also be used with several degrees of freedom (e.g. the angles of rotation of at least two rotatable antennas or other field-changing elements such as a mode stirrer) are used.
  • a single setting parameter or degree of freedom such as the angle of rotation f of the rotating antenna 7
  • several degrees of freedom e.g. the angles of rotation of at least two rotatable antennas or other field-changing elements such as a mode stirrer
  • any microwave leakage radiation emerging from the cooking space can be used to determine the operating points.
  • This also includes microwave radiation that emerges in the area of the closed door (i.e., the "classic" leakage radiation in the front area).
  • the measurement of the microwave leakage radiation is therefore not limited to the interior of the housing.
  • FIG. 8 shows several camera images of a "lightboard" that match the measured curve profile of the plot from FIG. 4.
  • the associated angular range and the angle of rotation f of the rotating antenna 7 are shown for each image
  • Light sources which can be attached to a Styrofoam plate like a matrix, serve as indicators for the field distribution existing in the cooking space 2. The higher the local microwave power, the brighter a light source shines.
  • Each of the associated angular areas I - VII has an individual light pattern.
  • the field distribution of the microwaves in the cooking space 2 remains practically unchanged within one of the angle areas I-VII. This is illustrated by way of example for the angular degrees 130 ° and 160 ° in the angular range V, for the angular degrees 190 ° and 240 ° in the angular range VI and for the angular degrees 290 ° and 335 ° in the angular range VII.
  • Numbers can also include exactly the specified number as well as a customary tolerance range, as long as this is not explicitly excluded.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil ménager à micro-ondes (1) qui présente un espace de cuisson (2) pouvant être exposé à des micro-ondes, au moins un dispositif de variation de modes (7) conçu pour modifier la distribution de champ des micro-ondes dans l'espace de cuisson, et au moins un détecteur de fuite de micro-ondes (10, 11), l'appareil ménager à micro-ondes (1) étant conçu pour varier des valeurs de réglage dudit dispositif de variation de modes (7) et pour déterminer, à l'aide de la quantité de données de mesure du rayonnement de fuite de micro-ondes enregistré provenant de la variation, au moins un point de travail dudit dispositif de variation de modes. L'invention concerne un procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil ménager à micro-ondes (1), selon lequel un espace de cuisson (2) est exposé à des micro-ondes, des valeurs de réglage (φ) d'au moins un dispositif de variation de modes (7) sont variées, le rayonnement de fuite de micro-ondes sortant de l'espace de cuisson (2) étant mesuré pour les différentes valeurs de réglage (φ) et des points de travail dudit dispositif de variation de modes (7) étant déterminés à l'aide du rayonnement de fuite de micro-ondes enregistré. L'invention convient particulièrement aux appareils à micro-ondes autonomes et aux appareils de combinaison tels que des fours de cuisson comportant une fonction supplémentaire de micro-ondes.
EP20737166.7A 2019-07-09 2020-07-07 Four à micro-ondes domestique avec dispositif de variation de mode Active EP3997961B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019210119.4A DE102019210119A1 (de) 2019-07-09 2019-07-09 Haushalts-Mikrowellengerät mit Modenvariationsvorrichtung
PCT/EP2020/069062 WO2021005030A1 (fr) 2019-07-09 2020-07-07 Appareil ménager à micro-ondes comportant un dispositif de variation de modes

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EP3997961A1 true EP3997961A1 (fr) 2022-05-18
EP3997961B1 EP3997961B1 (fr) 2023-07-05

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US (1) US20220264711A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3997961B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114051766A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019210119A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021005030A1 (fr)

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DE102021110521A1 (de) * 2021-04-23 2022-10-27 Topinox Sarl Verfahren zum Garen von Gargut in einem Kombinationsgargerät sowie Kombinationsgargerät

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2029559C3 (de) 1970-01-17 1974-08-08 Industrie A. Zanussi S.P.A., Pordenone (Italien) Sicherheitsvorrichtung gegen den Austritt von Strahlungen aus Mikrowellengeräten
DE19537755A1 (de) 1995-10-10 1997-04-30 Mikrowellen Systeme Mws Gmbh Mikrowellenofen, insbesondere für ein Labor
US6462320B1 (en) * 1996-05-17 2002-10-08 Technology Finance Corporation (Proprietary) Limited Dielectric heating device employing microwave heating for heating or cooking substances
US7145118B1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2006-12-05 Ming-Jing Wu Microwave oven protective circuit arrangement
GB0526043D0 (en) 2005-12-22 2006-02-01 Micromass Ltd Mass spectrometer
DE502008002740D1 (de) 2008-07-21 2011-04-14 Topinox Sarl Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Mikrowellen-Leckageüberwachung bei einem Gargerät
EP2152047A1 (fr) 2008-08-04 2010-02-10 Topinox Sarl Dispositif de sécurité destiné à la détection de rayonnement de fuite
EP2230883B1 (fr) * 2009-03-19 2011-09-07 Topinox Sarl Appareil de cuisson au micro-ondes et son procédé de fonctionnement
US20130206752A1 (en) * 2010-05-26 2013-08-15 Hyun Wook Moon Cooking apparatus
DE102015103246A1 (de) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-08 Topinox Sarl Gargerät sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gargeräts
CN109882890A (zh) * 2019-03-20 2019-06-14 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 微波烹饪设备及厨房控制系统

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EP3997961B1 (fr) 2023-07-05
WO2021005030A1 (fr) 2021-01-14
US20220264711A1 (en) 2022-08-18
DE102019210119A1 (de) 2021-01-14
CN114051766A (zh) 2022-02-15

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