EP3943685B1 - Façade and/or wall construction with supporting structure of tension elements - Google Patents

Description

The invention is based on a facade and/or wall construction for a building with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Such facade and/or wall constructions include a supporting structure with panels accommodated therein. The supporting structure has tensioned support cables. The panels are kept aligned in a vertical plane in the supporting structure with the help of the tensioned support cables.

From the FR 669,554 Such a facade construction is known. The supporting structure of the FR 669,554 is formed by vertical and horizontal steel cables that have connectors at crossing points. The plates have longitudinal grooves on their vertical and horizontal outer edges, forming an overall circumferential outer groove in which the vertical and horizontal support cables engage. In addition, the facade panels are supported at two opposite corner points on the connecting bodies arranged at the crossing points of the steel cables.

The CN 2010 80660 describes a glass facade construction, whereby glass panels are attached to holders supported in a support structure. The support structure is formed from intersecting vertical and horizontal steel cables. Glass plate holders are attached to the steel cables. To attach the holders to the glass plates, the holders reach through the glass plates at the fastening points.

The CN 1048 18790 describes a facade decoration system with a support structure in which parallel, crossing steel cables are braced in a frame. Hooks on which tiles are held are attached to the steel cables.

The DE 1 271 363 describes a facade panel system with a support structure with tensioned wire ropes. The wire ropes are exclusively vertically aligned, tensioned wire ropes. These vertically aligned wire ropes are attached to separate support brackets directly on the building wall and hold the facade panels by running the vertical wire ropes in longitudinal grooves formed on the vertical sides of the facade panels or in vertical cavities. In this way, the vertical support cables each hold several facade panels arranged one above the other, with the lower corner point and the upper corner point of the vertically tensioned wire cable each being attached to an angle bracket.

The CN 107587684 A describes a facade construction with a supporting structure that has vertically aligned steel cables as vertical support elements. On the vertically aligned steel cables, angle plates are parallel and horizontally spaced apart from each other aligned and secured via clamp connections. The angle plates are equipped with T-hooks on their upper horizontal edge. They serve as panel holders for the facade panels. For this purpose, the facade panels have receptacles on their upper and lower edges into which the T-hooks engage in order to hold the facade panels on the angle plates. The facade panels are arranged in a vertical plane that is offset parallel to the plane spanned by the vertical steel cables.

The DE 29 19 706 A1 describes a facade construction in which the facade panels are mounted on vertically aligned tensioned support cables. For this purpose, the facade panels have clamping and locking elements on their backs, which the support cables pass through.

In the EP 2 154 302 B1 and the EP 2 707 560 B1 as well as in the EP 2 497 861 A1 Plate systems with a flexible supporting structure are described. In the EP 2 154 302 B1 and the EP 2 707 560 B1 The supporting structure is a flexible network of intersecting, corrugated steel wires. The corrugated steel wires interlock with their waves at the crossing points. The plates have longitudinal grooves on two opposite edges, into which the steel wires of the supporting structure engage. To fix the panels, a mortar connection of the wires running in the joints is provided. In the EP 2 497 861 A1 the flexible support structure is designed in the manner of a chain frame, which is formed from horizontally tensioned parallel support cables, with adjacent parallel support cables being connected to one another via connecting elements. The parallel support cables pass through core holes in the plates arranged in the support structure in such a way that the plates are held on the horizontal support cables like chain links, so that the plate system represents a kind of foldable curtain.

The EP 1 441 085 A1 describes a facade and/or wall construction of the type mentioned at the beginning. The panels are attached to vertical support cables of a support structure via mounting elements. The mounting elements are hook elements that are attached to the back of the panels. Supports are attached to the vertical support cables, into which the hook elements attached to the plates are suspended.

Aud die EP 1 180 567 A2 describes a facade and/or wall construction of the type mentioned at the beginning. The panels are attached to vertical support cables via holders. Each of the plates has a lower holder disposed at the lower horizontal edge of the plates and an upper holder disposed at the upper horizontal edge of the plates. To attach the holders to the vertical support cables, the holders each have a sleeve element. The sleeve element of the upper holder and the sleeve element of the lower holder are penetrated by the vertical support cable assigned to the plates, with the two sleeve elements being firmly attached to the support cable.

The invention is based on the object of creating a facade and/or wall construction of the type mentioned at the outset, which ensures a secure hold of the panels in the supporting structure and is easy to assemble and can be produced inexpensively.

This task is solved with the subject matter of claim 1.

This solution is a facade and/or wall construction for a building, comprising panels and a supporting structure in which the panels are each accommodated aligned in a vertical plane.

The supporting structure is designed as a stationary supported structure which has one or more stationary supported profile beams and/or a stationary wall. The supporting structure has vertically aligned, tensioned tension elements - hereinafter referred to as vertical tension elements - which are mounted in bearing points which are mounted directly or indirectly on one or more of the stationary supported profile beams and/or on the stationary wall.

Bearing bodies, preferably spherical bearing bodies, are axially fixed on the vertical tension elements. These bearing bodies form bearings for the plates accommodated in the supporting structure. The plates are preferably ceramic plates, preferably extruded plates.

The plates have holding elements that are anchored in the plates and are each penetrated by at least one of the vertical tension elements. The vertical tension elements are assigned to the plates in such a way that at least one of the vertical tension elements assigned to a plate passes through two holding elements of the plate, namely a first holding element, which is arranged in a lower region of the plate, and a second holding element, which is in an upper region the plate is arranged.

In the solution according to claim 1, it is essential that the bearing bodies applied to the vertical tension elements interact specifically with the holding elements anchored in the plate, namely according to alternative (i) or according to alternative (ii).

Alternative (i) provides that the first holding element, which is arranged in the lower region of the plate, interacts with two bearing bodies arranged on the vertical tension element at a vertical distance from one another, in that this holding element rests on the lower of the two bearing bodies in a weight-supporting manner and from the upper of the two bearing bodies is locked in a locking manner, and
that the second holding element, which is arranged in the upper region of the plate, does not interact with any bearing body arranged on the vertical tension element.

Alternative (ii) provides that the second holding element, which is arranged in the upper region of the plate, interacts with two bearing bodies arranged on the vertical tension element at a vertical distance from one another, in that this holding element rests on the lower of the two bearing bodies in a weight-supporting manner and from the upper of the two bearing bodies is locked in a locking manner, and
that the first holding element, which is arranged in the lower region of the plate, does not interact with any of the bearing bodies arranged on the vertical tension element.

The fact that in this solution the two bearing bodies arranged on the vertical tension element, which are preferably arranged at a distance from one another, with the same holding element, namely according to Alternative (i) cooperate with the holding element arranged in the lower region of the plate or, according to alternative (ii), cooperate with the holding element arranged on the upper region of the plate and do not cooperate with the other holding element, which is passed through by the vertical tension element assigned to it Bearing bodies mounted on the vertical tension element are provided, this results in a simple assembly that can be easily carried out regardless of any manufacturing tolerances in the height dimensions of the plates.

Particularly preferred embodiments provide that the plate has two holding elements in a lower area of the plate and two holding elements in an upper area of the plate, preferably one holding element is arranged in each of four corner areas of the plate. This can preferably be achieved with square panels, in particular with panels that are rectangular in plan.

A particularly simple handling during assembly results when it is provided that the bearing body is designed as a spherical body. However, the bearing bodies can in principle also have a different shape. Versions are preferred in which the respective bearing surfaces of the bearing bodies, which interact directly with the holding element, are designed in such a way that the bearing bodies and holding elements can be easily and safely brought into their active position, i.e. into their storage position, during assembly.

According to claim 5 it is provided that the holding element is arranged in a horizontal receiving space formed in the plate, wherein the holding element is anchored at its section facing into the interior of the plate with an anchor arranged in the receiving space or with the wall of the receiving space and the holding element has at its outwardly facing end a tension element engagement section, preferably designed as a pass-through opening, which is attached to the associated vertical tension element attacks, preferably penetrated by it.

The holding element is preferably designed as an elongated element that can be easily and safely inserted into the horizontal receiving space during assembly.

The holding element is advantageously designed as a profile element, preferably as a U-profile element. The profile element can engage with its two U-legs in the horizontal receiving space and, in the area of its connecting web between the U-legs, have a tension element engagement section, preferably designed as a pass-through opening for the vertical tension element. For preferred versions It can be provided that the U-profile element has two U-legs that are rectangular in plan and have identical length and identical width. It can advantageously be provided that the U-profile element has a substantially cuboid configuration from the outside with a cross section that corresponds complementary to the clear cross section of the receiving space, the receiving space being designed as a U-shaped receiving groove or as a receiving channel closed on the circumference around its longitudinal axis is.

The profile element, preferably also designed as a U-profile element, can also have an L-angle configuration instead of a cuboid configuration. In this case, only one L-leg is advantageously inserted into the horizontal receiving space and the other vertical L-leg can engage in a vertical receiving groove or a vertical through-channel of the plate.

• indem das erste der gegenüberliegenden Enden des Ankers im Sinne einer Verankerung auf einen Abschnitt des Halterungselements einwirkt, wobei das Halterungselement in seinem Zugelementangriffsabschnitt an dem ersten vertikalen Zugelement angreift, und
• indem das zweite der gegenüberliegenden Enden des Ankers im Sinne einer Verankerung auf das Halterungselement einwirkt, wobei das Halterungselement in seinem Zugelementangriffsabschnitt an dem zweiten vertikalen Zugelement angreift.

In the different designs of the holding element, which is arranged to at least engage in a horizontal receiving space, it is advantageous if it is provided that the anchor is arranged in the horizontal receiving space and its opposite ends cooperate with two holding elements,

• in that the first of the opposite ends of the anchor acts on a section of the holding element in the sense of anchoring, the holding element engaging in its tension element engagement section on the first vertical tension element, and
• in that the second of the opposite ends of the anchor acts on the holding element in the sense of anchoring, the holding element engaging in its tension element engagement section on the second vertical tension element.

It can also be provided that the anchor has at least one anchoring end, which interacts with a first section of the holding element to form a positive and/or non-positive connection and/or resilient latching connection.

As far as the connection of the anchor to the holding element is concerned, it is advantageously possible for the anchoring end of the anchor to have a spring section and the first section of the holding element to have at least one projection and/or at least one recess into which the spring section of the anchoring end engages;
or vice versa, namely that the anchoring end of the anchor has at least one projection and/or at least one depression and the first section of the holding element has a spring section which engages in the at least one projection and/or the at least one depression.

• dass das Halterungselement im Bereich des ersten Abschnitts zwei U-Schenkel aufweist, an deren voneinander abgewandten Seiten oder an deren einander zugewandten Seiten der mindestens eine Vorsprung und/oder die mindestens eine Vertiefung bzw. der Federabschnitt ausgebildet ist, und
• dass das Verankerungsende des Ankers mit den U-Schenkeln des Halterungselements zusammenwirkt, indem der Verbindungssteg des Doppel-T-Profils des Ankers zwischen die U-Schenkel des Halterungselements eingreift und der Federabschnitt mit dem mindestens einen Vorsprung und/oder der mindestens einen Vertiefung zusammenwirkt.

In a preferred development, it can be provided that the anchor is designed as a double-T profile, which has a connecting web with two transverse webs at the ends of the connecting web, the spring section being formed on the connecting web or the at least one projection and/or the at least a recess is or are formed on the connecting web,

• that the holding element in the area of the first section has two U-legs, on the sides facing away from each other or on the sides facing each other, the at least one projection and / or the at least one recess or the spring section is formed, and
• that the anchoring end of the anchor cooperates with the U-legs of the holding element in that the connecting web of the double-T profile of the anchor engages between the U-legs of the holding element and the spring section cooperates with the at least one projection and / or the at least one recess.

Preferably, the vertical tension elements span a vertical plane which is formed parallel to the stationary wall of the supporting structure, with several spacers being arranged between the stationary wall and the plane spanned by the vertical tension elements, each with its end facing the stationary wall in the are anchored to a stationary wall and engage one of the vertical tension elements with their end facing the plane spanned by the vertical tension elements.

Preferably, the spacers are evenly distributed in a grid arrangement across the wall, for example at a distance that corresponds to the length dimension of the panels. A grid dimension of 1 m is preferred. The grid dimension is preferably approximately the same in the horizontal direction as well as in the vertical direction.

The spacers ensure that vibrations perpendicular to the wall are prevented or reduced and the vertical tension elements run evenly parallel to one another. As far as anchoring the spacers on the stationary wall is concerned, dowel-screw connections with the stationary wall can preferably be provided. What the As regards the connection of the spacers with their end facing the vertical tension elements, it is advantageous if it is provided that the end of the spacer engaging the vertical tension element has a receptacle through which the vertical tension element passes, preferably as a groove engaging behind the vertical tension element or hook behind.

The spacers can in principle be arranged so that they engage between adjacent panels, preferably in the corner area. However, it is also possible for the spacers to be arranged concealed behind the plates. In this regard, it can be provided that the end of the spacer that engages the vertical tension element engages in an area between two vertically adjacent plates on the associated vertical tension element or engages in an opening which is formed on a rear side of the plate the assigned vertical tension element that passes through the plate attacks.

In all versions of the solutions discussed, it is particularly advantageous if it is provided that the vertical tension elements are designed as tensioned support cables, preferably steel cables or as tensioned tension rods or the like.

For the different objects, it can advantageously be provided that the plate is assigned two vertical tension elements, the first of the vertical tension elements reaching through the left side edge region of the plate and the second of the vertical tension elements reaching through the right side edge region of the plate and that on the first vertical tension element and at least one on the second vertical tension element Tension element attack section of one or more of the mounting elements anchored in the plate attacks.

Particularly preferred are plates that have a rectangular floor plan and four corner areas, with at least one tension element attack section of holding elements arranged in the plate acting in each of the four corner areas.

In preferred embodiments it can be provided that the supporting structure has exclusively vertically oriented tension elements, preferably vertically oriented support cables. However, designs are also possible in which, in addition to the vertically aligned tension elements, horizontally aligned tension elements, preferably horizontally aligned support cables, are arranged in the support structure.

Versions in which the plates are closed at their upper horizontal edge and at their lower horizontal edge are particularly advantageous. Alternatively, however, a horizontal longitudinal groove that is open to the outside can also be formed on the upper horizontal edge and/or on the lower horizontal edge.

In preferred embodiments, it is provided that the plates in the area of their vertical side edges or in the area of at least one of their vertical side edges each have a longitudinal groove open towards the end face of the side edge in question or a through-channel running parallel thereto, which extends upwards and is open at the bottom and is penetrated by one of the vertically aligned tension elements of the supporting structure, so that the vertically aligned Tension element secures the plate against swinging out of the vertical plate plane.

The invention is further explained below using characters.

Figur 1a

ein erstes Beispiel einer Fassaden- und/oder Wandkonstruktion, in Frontansicht, die Platten in der Tragkonstruktion mit vertikalen Tragseilen zeigend;

Figur 1

b eine Detaildarstellung aus Figur 1a, in Frontansicht mit perspektivischem Ausschnitt, die Platten mit in der Platte eingesetzten L-Winkel-Halterungselementen an vertikalen Tragseilen mit darauf aufgebrachten kugelförmigen Lagerkörpern zeigend;

Figur 1c

eine Schnittansicht in Figur 1a, in horizontaler Schnittebene;

Figur 1d

eine Schnittansicht in Figur 1c, in vertikaler Schnittebene;

Figur 2a

ein zweites Beispiel in Frontansicht mit perspektivischem Ausschnitt die Platte mit in der Platte eingesetzten L-Winkel-Halterungselementen an vertikalen Tragseilen zeigend;

Figur 2b

Detaildarstellung aus Figur 2a, vertikal aufgeschnitten in Frontansicht das L-Winkel-Halterungselement mit Anker zeigend;

Figur 2c

Horizontalschnitt aus Figur 2b;

Figur 3a

eine Figur 2a entsprechende Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßenAusführungsbeispiels;

Figur 3b

eine Figur 3a entsprechende Darstellung eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels;

Figur 4a

ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Fassaden- und/oder Wandkonstruktion, in perspektivischer Frontansicht, die Platten mit eingesetzten bügelförmigen Halterungselementen an vertikalen Tragseilen zeigend;

Figur 4b

eine Einzeldarstellung einer Platte in Figur 4a, in perspektivischer Frontansicht, die Platte mit eingesetzten bügelförmigen Halterungselementen zeigend;

Figur 5a

ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel, in perspektivischer Einzeldarstellung, ein gegenüber Figur 4a bis 4b abgewandeltes bügelförmiges Halterungselement zeigend;

Figur 5b

eine Draufsicht der Platte mit montiertem Halterungselement der Fig. 5a;

Figur 6a

ein siebtes Ausführungsbeispiel, in Frontansicht, die Platten an vertikalen Tragseilen zeigend mit parallelen Doppeltragseilen zur horizontalen angrenzenden Anordnung benachbarter Platten;

Figur 7

eine Frontansicht, die die Platten in der nicht näher dargestellten ortsfesten Tragkonstruktion vor einer ortsfesten Wand bei einem achten Ausführungsbeispiel zeigen.

Show:

Figure 1a

a first example of a facade and/or wall construction, in front view, showing the panels in the supporting structure with vertical supporting cables;

Figure 1

b a detailed representation Figure 1a , in front view with perspective detail, showing the plates with L-angle mounting elements inserted in the plate on vertical support cables with spherical bearing bodies applied to them;

Figure 1c

a sectional view in Figure 1a , in horizontal section plane;

Figure 1d

a sectional view in Figure 1c , in vertical section plane;

Figure 2a

a second example in a front view with a perspective detail showing the plate with L-angle bracket elements inserted into the plate on vertical support cables;

Figure 2b

Detailed representation Figure 2a , vertically cut in front view showing the L-angle bracket element with anchor;

Figure 2c

Horizontal section Figure 2b ;

Figure 3a

one Figure 2a corresponding representation of an exemplary embodiment according to the invention;

Figure 3b

one Figure 3a corresponding representation of a fourth exemplary embodiment;

Figure 4a

a fifth exemplary embodiment of a facade and/or wall construction, in a perspective front view, showing the panels with inserted bow-shaped holding elements on vertical support cables;

Figure 4b

an individual representation of a plate in Figure 4a , in a perspective front view, showing the plate with the bow-shaped mounting elements inserted;

Figure 5a

a sixth exemplary embodiment, in a perspective individual view, opposite Figures 4a to 4b showing modified bow-shaped holding element;

Figure 5b

a top view of the plate with the mounting element mounted Fig. 5a ;

Figure 6a

a seventh embodiment, in front view, showing the plates on vertical support cables with parallel double support cables for the horizontal adjacent arrangement of adjacent plates;

Figure 7

a front view showing the panels in the stationary support structure (not shown) in front of a stationary wall in an eighth exemplary embodiment.

The supporting structure 2 is in Figure 1a only shown as an example. In the case shown, the supporting structure is made up of vertical supporting profiles 2v and horizontal supporting profiles 2h. The support profiles form a rectangular frame construction in which the support profiles are connected to one another at the corner points.

The supporting structure 2 is intended for a stationary installation, for example in front of a building wall outside or inside a building. The support structure 2 can be used for this purpose on the bottom side in the area of the lower one horizontal support profile 2h or on the ceiling side in the area of the upper horizontal support profile 2h supported in stationary bearings, not shown. Alternatively or additionally, the supporting structure 2 can also be mounted in a correspondingly stationary manner laterally in the area of its left and right vertical supporting profiles 2v, for example on adjacent building walls.

Tensioned support cables 3 are arranged in the supporting structure 2. In the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, only vertically aligned support cables 3 and no crossing horizontal support cables are present.

The support cables 3 are each fixed with their upper and lower ends in fastening bearings in the upper and lower horizontal support profiles 3h.

The exemplary embodiments shown in the figures are facade or wall constructions in which large-format panels 1 are mounted in a supporting structure 2.

The plates 1 are preferably ceramic plates. In the cases shown, the plates 1 each have a rectangular floor plan and are manufactured using the extrusion process. Their dimensions are preferably over 200 mm horizontal length and over 100 mm vertical height. Significantly larger dimensions of the panels are conceivable. The supporting structure is usually storey high.

Reference is made below to the Figures 1b to 1d :
The plates 1 are mounted on the support cables 3. For this purpose, bearing bodies 4 are axially firmly attached to the vertical support cables, on which the plates 1 support, and / or through which the plates 1 are locked in the supporting structure against pivoting out of the vertical plane. The plates 1 mounted in the supporting structure are arranged aligned with one another in a common vertical plane. The common vertical plane is spanned by the support cables 3. The plates 1, which are mounted on the support cables 3, are held in this plane by the bearing bodies 4 and by the support cables themselves, ie locked against pivoting out of this plane, which will be explained in more detail.

In the cases shown, the bearing bodies 4 are each designed as spherical bodies. They are attached axially firmly to the vertical support cables 3, for example by welding the bearing bodies to the support cables.

The plates 1 each have an open longitudinal groove 1vn on their left side edge and on their right side edge, which extends along the vertical side edge of the plate over the entire vertical extent of the plate or the side edge. These vertical longitudinal grooves 1vn have a substantially U-shaped cross section. The left longitudinal groove is open to the left and the right longitudinal groove to the right end face. Furthermore, the longitudinal grooves 1vn are also open at the ends of their longitudinal extent, i.e. at the top and bottom.

The vertical support cables 3 engage in the vertical longitudinal grooves 1vn by extending in the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal groove and reaching up and down. The bearing bodies 4 attached to the vertical support cables 3 support the plates in all four corner points.

Regarding the support of the plates 1 on the bearing bodies 4:
The weight-supporting storage takes place primarily via the lower bearing bodies 4. The plates are each supported in the area of their lower left corner in a weight-supporting manner on a lower left bearing body 4 attached to the left support cable 3. It is located in the lower right corner Plate on a right lower bearing body 4 attached to the right support cable 3 to support the weight.

In the area of the upper left corner and the upper right corner, upper bearing bodies 4 engage, namely a left upper bearing body 4 mounted on the left support cable 3 engages the upper left corner, and a right upper bearing body 4 mounted on the right support cable 3 attacks in the upper right corner area. These upper bearing bodies 4 primarily serve to lock the plate in its vertical orientation in the common vertical plane against pivoting out of this plane.

The lower bearing bodies 4 and the upper bearing bodies 4 are designed identically, i.e. each as a spherical body.

In the cases shown, the plates 1 do not interact directly with the bearing bodies 4, i.e. the plates 1 do not lie directly on the lower and upper support bodies, but rather on holding elements 5, which are supported in the plates 1.

The holding elements 5 in the Figures 1b to 1d are designed as L-angle elements, which are each inserted into the corner regions of the plates 1. For this purpose, in addition to the longitudinal grooves 1vn, which are formed along the left and right vertical edges of the plates, the plates 1 also have horizontal longitudinal grooves on the upper horizontal edge and on the lower horizontal edge, namely one upwards on the upper horizontal edge open horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn, and on the lower horizontal edge a downwardly open horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn.

The horizontal longitudinal grooves 1hn are, like the vertical longitudinal grooves 1vn, also U-shaped in cross section and open at the ends of their longitudinal extent. As far as the design of the holding elements 5 is concerned:
With the mounting elements 5 in the Figures 1b to 1d As already mentioned, these are L-angle elements. They are designed as special U-profiles. The special feature of the special U-profile is that the U-legs 5u in a first longitudinal section 51 of the U-profile are longer than the U-legs 5u in a second longitudinal section 52 of the U-profile adjoining the first longitudinal section 51. Specifically, the U-legs 5u in the first longitudinal section 51 have the length L1. The U-legs 5u in the second longitudinal section have the length L2. The length L1 is larger than the length L2, in this specific case the length L1 is approximately three times as large as the length L2. As can be seen from the figures, the longitudinal extent U1 of the first longitudinal section 51 is shorter than the longitudinal extension of the second longitudinal section 52.

In the side view of the U-profile, this results in a substantially L-angle-shaped configuration, i.e. the first longitudinal section 51 of the U-profile with the U-legs 5u of length L1 forms the first L-leg 5s, and the second longitudinal section 52 of the U-profile with the U-legs 5u with the length L2 forms the second L-leg 5s. The shorter first L-leg 5s, which is formed by the long U-legs 5u, engages in the horizontal edge groove 1hn of the plate 1. The longer second L-leg 5s, which is formed by the shorter U-legs 5u, engages in the vertical edge groove 1vn of the plate 1.

The holding element 5 designed in this way is symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane, which runs between the U-legs 5u parallel to the extension of the U-legs. This makes it possible to arrange the holding element 5 inserted into the panels in all four corner areas.

In the area of the upper left corner and in the area of the upper right corner, the holding element 5 is inserted into the plate by the The first L-leg 5s formed by the long U-legs 5u is inserted into the upper horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn, forming a clamping connection with the insides of the longitudinal groove. The second L-leg 5s formed by the horizontal U-legs 5u is inserted into the vertical longitudinal groove 1vn on the left or right side edge of the plate 1. The free ends of the short U-legs rest on the bottom of the vertical longitudinal groove 1vn, forming a receiving space for the vertical support cable 3 passing through the vertical longitudinal groove 1vn. The receiving space for the support cable 3 is formed by the bottom of the longitudinal groove 1vn and by the Space between the short U-leg 5u engaging in the longitudinal groove and the bottom of the U-profile.

The holding elements 5 inserted in the corner areas of the plate 1 thus ensure a stable arrangement of the vertical support cables 3 passing through the left and right longitudinal grooves 1vn of the plate. Furthermore, the holding elements 5 arranged in the lower left and right corner areas form supports with which the plates are placed on the Support the bearing bodies 4 on the support cables 3 to support the weight.

The holding elements 5 arranged in the left and right upper corner areas are in contact with the upper bearing bodies 4 attached to the support cables. The bearing bodies 4 rest on the holding elements 5 inserted in the upper corner areas and thus lock the plates in their position against swinging out the common vertical plane in which the panels in the supporting structure are arranged in alignment with one another.

In the example of the Figures 2a to 2c This is a comparison to the example of Figures 1a to 1d modified example.

The modification is that in the Example of the Figures 2a to 2c the L-angle-shaped holding element 5 cooperates with a separate anchor 6. The anchor 6 is designed as a double T-profile, which is arranged in the horizontal receiving groove 1hn and interacts with the horizontal L-leg of the holding element 5. The interaction is that in the Figures 2a to 2c shown right end of the anchor 6 interacts with the right holding element 5. With the left end of the anchor 6, not shown, which extends in the horizontal groove of the plate over its entire longitudinal extent, the anchor 6 interacts with the left holding element 5, which is arranged in the left corner of the plate. The interaction of the right end of the anchor 6 with the right holding element is corresponding to the interaction of the left end of the anchor 6 with the left holding element. The holding element 5 is opposite the holding element 5 in the example Figures 1a to 1d modified in such a way that the long U-legs, which are arranged to engage in the horizontal receiving groove 1hn of the plate, each have a row of teeth made of sawtooth-shaped teeth that are parallel to one another on their outside. The parallel teeth each extend transversely to the longitudinal extent of the longitudinal groove 2hn. The anchor 6 has a leaf spring device on its right armature end shown and in the same way on its left armature end, not shown, which have leaf springs with angled end edges which engage in the row of sawtooths on the outside of the two U-legs of the holding element 5, namely in Kind of an underhand grip attacking the steep tooth flank of the respective tooth.

The double T-profile has a connecting leg, at each end of which a transverse T-leg is formed. The double T profile is arranged in the horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn in such a way that the connecting web is directed vertically and the transverse webs are in a horizontal plane, ie parallel to the bottom of the horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn, which is U-shaped in cross section. The double-T profile is arranged with its vertically extending connecting web between the U-legs of the holding element 5. The spring device 6f consists of two leaf springs that form a Y configuration. The Y-legs are fixed with their base section by a common fastening device on the double-T profile in the area of the vertically directed connecting leg. The two Y-legs are arranged between the lower and the upper crossbar, namely one Y-leg on the left side of the connecting bar and the other Y-leg on the right side of the connecting bar. The left Y-leg interacts with its folded free end with the row of sawtooths on the outside of the left U-leg of the holding element 5. The right Y leg interacts with its free bent end with the row of sawtooths on the outside of the left U leg of the holding element 5. At the left end of the anchor 6, not shown, the left anchor end interacts in the same way with the U-legs of the associated left holding element 5, ie the anchor has its right anchor end with the right holding element 5 and its left anchor end with the left holding element 5 anchored. This means that the two holding elements 5 are clamped together via the anchor 6. As a result of this bracing of the two holding elements 5, the associated vertical support cables 3, which pass through the vertical longitudinal grooves 1vn on the right and left edge of the plate, are clamped together, since the right vertical support cable passes through the receiving space, which is between the U-legs of the vertical L-leg of the right holding element 5 is formed and the left vertical support cable passes through the receiving space, which is formed by the U-leg of the vertical L-leg of the left holding element 5.

The two holding elements 5 arranged at the lower corners of the plate, namely the lower right holding element 5 and the lower left holding element 5, are clamped together in the same way as the two upper holding elements 5 via an anchor 6 received in the lower horizontal receiving groove 1hn and are clamped accordingly in this lower horizontal area the two vertical support cables.

The exemplary embodiment in Figure 3a differs from the example in Figure 2 in that the holding element 5 is not designed as an L-angle element, which is received with a vertical L-leg in the vertical receiving groove 1vn of the plate 1 and with a horizontal L-leg in the horizontal receiving groove 1hn of the plate 1. The holding element 5 in Figure 3a In contrast, it is designed as a U-profile element 5 with two U-legs of equal length. The two legs also have identical constant width. The U-profile element 5 therefore has a cuboid configuration from the outside. The U-profile element 5 is received with its two U-legs in the horizontal receiving groove 1hn, with the connecting web of the two U-legs facing outwards in the corner area of the plate 1, in which the horizontal receiving groove 1hn opens into the vertical receiving groove 1vn . A passage space for the vertical support cable 3 is formed in the interior of the U-profile element 5 between the two U-legs in the area of the connecting web. The anchoring of the U-profile element 5 in the horizontal receiving groove 1hn is the same as in Figure 2 educated. For this purpose, an identical anchor 6 is arranged in the horizontal receiving groove 1hn is designed like the anchor 6 in Figure 2 . The anchor 6 is the same as in Figure 2 designed with a double T profile. The U-profile element 5 is inserted into the double T-profile in a complementary manner. To anchor the U-profile element 5 on the anchor 6, the two U-legs of the U-profile element 5 each have a row of sawtooths on their outside, which is designed in the same way as the row of sawtooths in Figure 2 inserted mounting element 5. In the exemplary embodiment in Figure 3a The rows of sawtooths formed on the two outer sides of the U-legs work in the same way as in Figure 2 with the leaf spring device 6f of the armature 6.

The representation in Figure 3a shows the right area of the plate 1. In the lower right corner, the U-profile element 5 is mounted in the lower horizontal receiving groove 1hn as described above. In the upper right corner, another U-profile element 5 is mounted in the upper horizontal receiving groove 1hn. In the vertical receiving groove 1vn formed in the right vertical edge of the plate 1, a vertical support cable is arranged, which passes through the upper and lower U-profile element 5 by passing through the upper U-profile element 5 and in the lower U-profile element 5 trained passage space reaches through. On the vertical support cable 3 are the same as in the example in Figure 2 spherical bearing body 4 is axially fixed. However, the arrangement of the bearing bodies 4 on the support cable 3 is opposite Figure 2 modified as follows: On the support cable 3 in Figure 3a Two bearing bodies 4 are arranged, which are assigned to the lower right corner area of the plate. Bearing bodies 4, which are assigned to the upper right corner area, are not present on the support cable 3. In the example in Figure 2 In contrast, only one spherical bearing body 4 is arranged on the support cable for the right edge area of the plate, which is assigned to the lower right corner area of the plate and only a spherical bearing body 4, which is assigned to the upper right corner area of the plate.

What the function of the bearing body 4 in Figure 3a concerns: The lower bearing body 4 serves to support the weight of the plate 1. In the assembled position, the U-profile element 5 inserted in the lower horizontal receiving groove 1hn rests on the lower bearing body 4. The upper spherical bearing body 4 in Figure 3a serves to lock plate 1 in the mounted position. The spherical bearing body rests on the profile element inserted in the lower horizontal receiving groove or is arranged with play, ie at a short distance above the U-profile element 5. There are no bearing bodies 4 assigned to the upper corner area of the plate on the support cable 3.

The arrangement of the bearing bodies 4 in Figure 3a differs from the arrangement in Figure 2 so in that in Figure 2 the lower holding element 5 and the upper holding element 5 each cooperate with a bearing body 4 and, on the other hand, in Figure 3a only the lower holding element, ie the U-profile element 5 inserted in the lower horizontal receiving groove 1hn with two spherical bearing bodies 4 and the upper U-profile element 5 inserted in the upper horizontal receiving groove 2hn does not interact with any spherical bearing body 4. The same applies to the left edge area of the plate, which is in Figure 3a is not shown. There, the left support cable 3 arranged in the vertical receiving groove 1vn, which is correspondingly provided with spherical bearing bodies 4, interacts in the same way with the U-profile elements 5 mounted as holding elements in the lower left corner area and in the upper left corner area.

Due to the arrangement of the bearing bodies 4 on the support cable, compared to the arrangement in Figure 2 the advantage that the arrangement of the bearing bodies 4, which only interact with the holding element in the lower corner area of the plate to support the weight and lock it, is no longer dependent on manufacturing tolerances in the height of the plates.

The exemplary embodiment in Figure 3b is compared to the exemplary embodiment in Figure 3a modified. It differs from Figure 3a only in that in the exemplary embodiment in Figure 3b the upper horizontal receiving groove is closed 1hn upwards and the lower horizontal receiving groove is closed 1hn downwards. They thus form receiving channels that are closed on the circumference around the longitudinal axis of the receiving groove and are only open at their right and left ends. This means that the plates 1 are closed at their upper and lower edges and therefore no water or dirt can penetrate there.

In the exemplary embodiments in the Figures 4a to 4b the holding elements 5 are designed differently from the design described above. The holding elements 5 in the Figures 3a to 3b are designed as elongated, bow-shaped elements which extend axially, ie slightly curved, essentially in an axial direction. In the upper horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn of the plate 1 are in the Figures 3a to 3b two such holding elements 5 are used, in such a way that the main longitudinal section of the holding element 5 is arranged to extend longitudinally in the left section of the horizontal longitudinal groove, and that the free end of the holding element 5 protrudes into the left vertical longitudinal groove and there by means of a at the left end of the support element 50 formed hook-shaped end, the vertical support cable 3 passing through the longitudinal groove intervenes. The right holding element 5 is arranged accordingly in the right section of the upper horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn and engages with its right free end in the right vertical longitudinal groove. The hook-shaped right free end engages the support cable 3 guided through the right vertical longitudinal groove.

In a corresponding manner, two such holding elements 5 are arranged in the lower horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn. The left holding element is arranged with its main longitudinal section in the left half of the lower horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn and engages with its left free end in the left vertical longitudinal groove, the left hook-shaped free end engaging the vertical support cable 3 guided there. In a corresponding manner, the right holding element 5 is mounted in the right half of the lower horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn and engages with its right free hook-shaped end on the vertical support cable, which passes through the right vertical longitudinal groove.

The holding elements 5 are anchored in the plate 1 by the arcuate shape of the main longitudinal section of the holding element 5 via an elastic clamping connection with the inner wall of the horizontal longitudinal groove. The arc shape is designed in such a way that the main longitudinal section of the holding element 5 can only be inserted into the horizontal longitudinal groove under elastic deformation and the elastic clamping connection is formed there with the inner wall of the longitudinal groove.

The free ends of the holding elements 5 that engage the vertical support cables 3 interact with the bearing bodies 4 mounted on the support cables. In the case of the holding elements 5 arranged in the lower horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn, the free end, which engages on the associated vertical support cable 3, rests on the support cable applied bearing body, so that the weight forces of the plate 1 are introduced onto this lower bearing body 4.

In the case of the holding elements 5 arranged in the upper horizontal longitudinal groove 1hn, the free end, which engages on the associated vertical support cable 3, rests on the underside of the bearing body 4 applied to the support cable 3, so that the arrangement of the vertical longitudinal groove is determined by the bearing body 4 through supporting cables 3 and thus the position of the plate is stabilized and locked.

Modified mounting elements 5 shows Figure 5a for one versus the Figures 3a to 3b modified embodiment. In the modified exemplary embodiment Figure 5a is different from the mounting elements in the Figures 3a to 3b only one holding element 5 is arranged in the upper horizontal longitudinal groove and one holding element 5 is arranged in the lower horizontal longitudinal groove. The holding element 5 corresponds in its axial length to the entire longitudinal extent of the plate 1 and thus to the entire longitudinal extent of the horizontal longitudinal groove in which the holding element 5 is accommodated. When it is arranged in the longitudinal groove, its left free end engages in the left vertical longitudinal groove 1vn and engages there on the left support cable 3 which is guided through this vertical longitudinal groove. Its right free end engages in the right vertical longitudinal groove 1vn and engages there on the right support cable 3 which is guided through this vertical longitudinal groove. The mounting element 5 is anchored in the longitudinal groove by the arcuate shape of the main longitudinal section of the mounting element formed between the free ends. The anchoring is carried out in the same way as with the previously described mounting elements, also by an elastic clamping connection in the longitudinal groove inserted arcuate main section of the holding element. With these mounting elements 5, too, the bearing bodies 4 attached to the vertical support cables 3 act on the plates in the same way via the mounting elements 5, ie the lower bearing bodies 4 primarily have a weight-supporting effect, and the upper bearing bodies 4 act in the sense of stabilizing and locking the position the plate prevents the plate from pivoting out of the common vertical plane in which the plates 1 arranged in the supporting structure are aligned with one another.

• Erstes vertikales Tragseil beabstandet zum zweiten vertikalen Tragseil mit Abstand: Plattenlänge der linken Platte
• Zweites vertikalen Tragseil beabstandet zum dritten vertikalen Tragseil mit Abstand: Mindestabstand
• Drittes vertikales Tragseil beabstandet zum vierten vertikalen Tragseil mit Abstand: Plattenlänge der mittleren Platte
• Viertes vertikales Tragseil beabstandet zum fünften vertikalen Tragseil mit Abstand: Mindestabstand
• Fünftes vertikales Tragseil beabstandet zum sechsten vertikalen Tragseil mit Abstand: Plattenlänge der rechten Platte.

In Figure 6a The vertical support cables 3 are arranged in the support structure in such a way that a few separate left and right vertical support cables 3 are available for each horizontally adjacent panel in a row. This means that horizontally adjacent panels in a row can be arranged relatively close to one another, depending on the arrangement of the vertical support cables. The arrangement of the in Figure 6a The six vertical support cables are in the order from left to right as follows:

• First vertical support cable spaced from the second vertical support cable at a distance of: plate length of the left plate
• Second vertical support cable spaced from the third vertical support cable at a distance of: minimum distance
• Third vertical support cable spaced from the fourth vertical support cable at a distance of: plate length of the middle plate
• Fourth vertical support cable spaced from fifth vertical support cable with distance: minimum distance
• Fifth vertical support cable spaced from sixth vertical support cable with distance: plate length of the right plate.

The distance between the horizontally adjacent panels is determined by the minimum distance. In the case of using bearing elements 4 that are axially fixed on the support cables 3 and on which the plates rest, this minimum distance is determined by the diameter of a bearing body 4, or the minimum distance is determined by the minimum receiving depth with which the vertical support cables in the vertical longitudinal groove 1vn must be included in order to ensure a stable holding of the panels in the vertical plane spanned by the vertical support cables.

In the representation in Figure 7 the plates 1 are mounted in a stationary support structure (not shown) in front of a stationary wall W. In this exemplary embodiment, spacers 7 distributed evenly over the wall W are mounted in the supporting structure between the wall W and the vertical support cables 3 in order to keep the vertical support cables 3, which span a vertical plane, at a fixed distance from the wall W. One of the spacers 7 is in Figure 7 shown. The panels are mounted on the vertical support cables Figure 7 carried out in the manner as in the exemplary embodiment Figure 3a and 3b . in Figure 7 On one of the plates 1, the arrangement and interaction of the vertical support cables 3 provided with the bearing bodies 4 with the U-profile elements 5 mounted in the upper and lower corner areas for the left edge area of the plate 1 can be seen.

The structural design and the mounting position of the spacer 7 are out Figure 7 recognizable. The spacer is connected to the wall W facing end anchored in the wall W, preferably by a dowel-screw connection. The end of the spacer 7 facing the plane spanned by the support cables 3 engages the vertical support cable 3 shown, in an area which is formed between two plates 1 arranged vertically adjacent one above the other. For this purpose, the spacer 7 has a head in which a vertically aligned receiving groove is formed on the side, which is penetrated by the vertical support cable 3. The receiving groove forms an undercut so that the vertical support cable 3 is held at a fixed distance from the stationary wall W. There are several such spacers 7 in the supporting structure Figure 7 are not shown. The spacers 7 are preferably arranged in a grid evenly distributed over the wall W. They ensure that the plane spanned by the vertical support cables 3 remains at a fixed distance from the wall W and cannot oscillate perpendicular to the wall.

In the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, ceramic plates 1 are used, which are produced using the extrusion process. The course of the upper and lower horizontal edge receiving spaces or grooves 1hn and the other horizontal longitudinal channels in the plate represents the extrusion direction.

Reference symbol list

1

plate

1vn

Longitudinal groove on the vertical left and right side edges of the plate

1hn

Longitudinal groove at the top and bottom horizontal edges of the plate

2

Supporting structure

2h

Horizontal support profile

2v

Vertical support profile

3

carrying rope

4

bearing body

5

Holding element

5u

U-thigh

5s

L-leg

51

First longitudinal section of the U-profile

52

Second longitudinal section of the U-profile

6

anchor

6f

Spring device

6n

Rivet connection

U1

Length of the first longitudinal section 51 of the U-profile

U2

Length of the second longitudinal section 52 of the U-profile

L1

Length of the U-leg 5u of the first longitudinal section 51 of the U-profile

L2

Length of the U-leg of the second longitudinal section 52 of the U-profile

7

Spacers

Claims (15)

1. Facade and/or wall structure for a building, comprising plates (1) and a supporting structure (2), in which the plates (1) are respectively received while aligned in a vertical plane,

   wherein it is provided:

   - that the supporting structure (2) is designed as a stationarily supported structure which has one or more stationarily supported profile supports (2h, 2v) and/or a stationary wall (W),

   - that the supporting structure (2) has vertically aligned, tensioned tension elements (3) - called vertical tension elements (3) in the following - which are mounted in bearing points which are directly or indirectly mounted on one or more of the stationarily supported profile supports (2h, 2v) and/or on the stationary wall (W),

   - that bearing bodies (4) are attached in an axially fixed manner to the vertical tension elements (3), said bearing bodies forming bearings for the plates received in the supporting structure (2),

   - that the plates (1) have retaining elements (5) which are anchored in the plates (1) and are respectively penetrated by at least one of the vertical tension elements (3),

   - that the vertical tension elements (3) are assigned to the plates (1) such that at least one of the vertical tension elements (3) assigned to a plate respectively penetrates two retaining elements (5) of the plate (1), specifically a first retaining element (5), which is arranged in a lower region of the plate, and a second retaining element (5), which is arranged in an upper region of the plate (1),

   characterised in that

   - the bearing bodies (4) which are attached to the vertical tension elements (3) interact with the retaining elements (5) in such a way

   i) that the first retaining element (5), which is arranged in the lower region of the plate (1), interacts with two bearing bodies (4) arranged on the vertical tension element (3) with vertical spacing from each other, by this retaining element (5) being supported in a weight-supporting manner on the lower of the two bearing bodies (4) and being overlapped in a locking manner by the upper of the two bearing bodies (4), and
   that the second retaining element (5), which is arranged in the upper region of the plate (1), does not interact with any bearing body (4) arranged on the vertical tension element (3);
   or

   ii) that the second retaining element (5), which is arranged in the upper region of the plate (1), interacts with two bearing bodies (4) arranged on the vertical tension element (3) with vertical spacing from each other, by this retaining element (5) being supported in a weight-supporting manner on the lower of the two bearing bodies (4) and being overlapped in a locking manner by the upper of the two bearing bodies (4), and
   that the first retaining element (5), which is arranged in the lower region of the plate (1), does not interact with any of the bearing bodies (4) arranged on the vertical tension element (3).
2. Facade and/or wall structure according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the plate (1) has two retaining elements (5) in a lower region of the plate and two retaining elements (5) in an upper region of the plate (1), preferably one retaining element (5) is respectively arranged in four corner regions of the plate.
3. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the bearing body (4) is formed as a spherical body.
4. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the vertical tension elements (3) are formed as tensioned carrying cables, preferably steel cables or as tensioned tension rods or the like.
5. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that

   the retaining element (5) is arranged in a horizontal receiving chamber (1hn) formed in the plate (1),

   wherein the retaining element (5) is anchored on its portion facing the inside of the plate (1) with an anchor (6) arranged in the receiving chamber (1hn) or with the wall of the receiving chamber (1hn), and the retaining element (5) has a tension element engagement portion, preferably formed as a through opening, on its outward-facing end, said tension element engagement portion engaging on the assigned vertical tension element (3), preferably being penetrated by the latter.
6. Facade and/or wall structure according to claim 5,
   characterised in that
   the retaining element (5) is formed as a U-shaped profile element, which engages in the receiving chamber (1hn) with both of its U-arms and has a tension element engagement portion, preferably formed as a through opening, in the region of its connecting bar between the U arms.
7. Facade and/or wall structure according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   in plan view, the U-shaped profile element (5) has two rectangular U-arms of identical length and identical width.
8. Facade and/or wall structure according to claim 6 or 7,
   characterised in that

   the U-shaped profile element (5) has a substantially cuboid configuration, having a cross-section that corresponds in a complementary manner to the clear cross-section of the receiving chamber (1hn), wherein the receiving chamber (1hn) is formed as a U-shaped receiving groove (1hn) or as a receiving channel which is closed around its periphery,
   or

   that the U-shaped profile element (5) has an angular L configuration, wherein only one L-arm is inserted into the horizontal receiving chamber (1hn), and the other vertical L-arm engages in a vertical receiving groove (1vn) or a vertical through channel of the plate (1).
9. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of claims 5 to 8,
   characterised in that

   the anchor (6) is arranged in the horizontal receiving chamber (1hn) and its opposite ends interact with two retaining elements (5),

   by the first of the opposite ends of the anchor (6) acting in the sense of anchoring on a portion of the retaining element (5), wherein the retaining element (5) engages on the first vertical tension element (3) in its tension element engagement portion, and by the second of the opposite ends of the anchor (6) acting on the retaining element (5) in the sense of anchoring, wherein the retaining element (5) engages on the second vertical tension element (3) in its tension element engagement portion.
10. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of claims 5 to 9,
    characterised in that
    the anchor (6) has at least one anchoring end which interacts with a first portion of the retaining element (5) while forming a form-fit and/or force-fit connection and/or spring-loaded latch connection.
11. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of claims 5 to 10,
    characterised in that

    the anchoring end of the anchor (6) has a spring portion (6f) and the first portion of the retaining element (5) has at least one protrusion and/or at least one recess, in which the spring portion of the anchoring end engages;

    or vice versa, specifically in that the anchoring end of the anchor (6) has at least one protrusion and/or at least one recess, and the first portion of the retaining element (5) has a spring portion that engages in the at least one protrusion and/or the at least one recess.
12. Facade and/or wall structure according to claim 11,
    characterised in that

    the anchor (6) is designed as a double T-shaped profile, which has a connecting bar with two crossbars on the ends of the connecting bar, wherein the spring portion (6f) is formed on the connecting bar or the at least one protrusion and/or the at least one recess is or are formed on the connecting bar,

    in that the retaining element (5) has two U-arms in the region of the first portion, on the sides of which U-arms, which are facing away from each other or facing towards each other, the at least one protrusion and/or the at least one recess or the spring portion (6f) is formed, and

    in that the anchoring end of the anchor (6) interacts with the U-arms (5u) of the retaining element (5) by the connecting bar of the double T-shaped profile of the anchor (6) engaging between the U-arms (5u) of the retaining element (5) and the spring portion (6f) interacting with the at least one protrusion and/or the at least one recess.
13. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that

    the vertical tension elements (3) span a vertical plane that is formed in parallel with the stationary wall (W) of the supporting structure (2),

    wherein several spacers (7) are arranged between the stationary wall (W) and the plane spanned by the vertical tension elements (3), which spacers are respectively anchored in the stationary wall (W) with their end facing the stationary wall (W) and engage on one of the vertical tension elements (3) with their end facing the plane spanned by the vertical tension elements (3).
14. Facade and/or wall structure according to claim 13,
    characterised in that
    the end of the spacer (7) engaging on the vertical tension element (3) has a recess which is penetrated by the vertical tension element (3), preferably formed as a groove or hook engaging behind the vertical tension element (3).
15. Facade and/or wall structure according to one of claims 13 or 14,
    characterised in that
    the end of the spacer (7) engaging on the vertical tension element (3) engages on the associated vertical tension element (3) by engaging in a region between two vertically adjacent plates, or engages on the associated vertical tension element (3) penetrating the plate by engaging in an opening which is formed on the back of the plate.

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