EP3935333A1 - Wärmeaggregat in einer anlage zur herstellung von zement oder zur bearbeitung von gesteinen oder erzen - Google Patents
Wärmeaggregat in einer anlage zur herstellung von zement oder zur bearbeitung von gesteinen oder erzenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3935333A1 EP3935333A1 EP20707127.5A EP20707127A EP3935333A1 EP 3935333 A1 EP3935333 A1 EP 3935333A1 EP 20707127 A EP20707127 A EP 20707127A EP 3935333 A1 EP3935333 A1 EP 3935333A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- heating unit
- test means
- refractory lining
- cladding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010795 gaseous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/42—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0036—Linings or walls comprising means for supporting electric resistances in the furnace
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0021—Devices for monitoring linings for wear
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heating unit in a plant for the production of cement or for processing rocks or ores and a method for attaching a refractory lining to a wall of a chamber of a heating unit.
- Heating units for the thermal treatment of materials usually have a fireproof lining, by means of which the wall of a combustion chamber, for example, is to be protected from overheating.
- a fireproof cladding is known from US4651487A, for example.
- a refractory cladding is exposed to high thermal and often also chemically corrosive loads, with wear and corrosion often leading to damage to the refractory cladding.
- the cladding is usually held on the wall by steel holders, in particular so-called refractory anchors.
- Such mounts are also exposed to the high thermal and mechanical stresses, which can lead to failure of the mounts. Failure of the brackets often leads to part of the refractory lining becoming detached from the wall and, for example, falling into the combustion chamber. This can damage the combustion chamber or injure employees who work below the refractory cladding for maintenance purposes.
- a visual inspection of the refractory lining is carried out, for example.
- a hammer or the like is struck against the fireproof lining in order to check whether material is detached from it.
- Such a check is unfortunately not very reliable and only allows conclusions to be drawn to a very small extent about the state of wear of the brackets of the refractory lining.
- a heating unit in a plant for the production of cement or for the processing of rocks or ores comprises, according to a first aspect, a chamber for the thermal treatment of material with a wall on which a refractory lining is attached, a plurality of holders being attached to the wall cast into the refractory lining.
- a test means in particular for checking a state of wear of the fire-resistant lining, is attached, which extends through the wall into the fire-resistant lining and is fastened in such a way that it can be removed from the fire-resistant lining.
- the test means can be removed from the refractory cladding in a non-destructive manner, so that it can then be reinserted into the refractory cladding, for example.
- the heating unit is, for example, a furnace, such as a rotary kiln for burning cement clinker, with the test equipment in a wall in the vicinity with a high temperature of, for example, 600 ° C to 1000 ° C, for example by a burner or a chemical Reaction is generated, is arranged.
- the test equipment is arranged in the immediate vicinity of a burner for burning fossil fuels.
- the test equipment is attached to a wall at the furnace outlet.
- the heating unit can also be, for example, a calciner for calcining raw meal in a cement works.
- the calciner has, for example, a plurality of burners, particularly in the chamber.
- the test equipment is, for example, in a wall of the combustion chamber of the calciner, preferably placed in the vicinity of the burner.
- the heating unit is, for example, also a cyclone of a preheater for preheating raw meal in a cement works.
- the test equipment is attached, for example, in a ceiling wall of the cyclone.
- the chamber is, for example, a combustion chamber with a burner for burning fuel.
- the wall is preferably formed from a steel.
- the brackets have, for example, a V-shaped profile and, in particular, are all identically designed and are, for example, evenly spaced from one another and attached to the surface of the wall facing inward into the chamber.
- the refractory lining preferably comprises an insulating layer attached to the wall and a layer of concrete adjoining the insulating layer. It is also conceivable that the refractory cladding is made entirely of concrete, such as a monolith.
- the wall is, for example, the outer casing of the chamber. The wall preferably at least partially or completely encloses the interior of the chamber in which the thermal treatment of the material takes place.
- the test means is, for example, rod-shaped and has a round or angular cross section.
- the test means preferably protrudes from the wall at both ends and is detachably connected to it by means of a fastening means, for example screwed.
- the fastening means is preferably arranged outside the chamber.
- a test device that can be removed from the refractory lining makes it possible to check the state of wear of the test device without destroying or removing the refractory lining.
- the test equipment can be removed from the refractory cladding while the heating unit is in operation and checked for corrosion and wear. Based on the state of wear of the test equipment, conclusions can be drawn about the state of wear of the brackets so that the brackets or the refractory cladding can be replaced in good time before the fireproof cladding becomes detached from the wall.
- the wall has a bore through which the test means extends into the fireproof lining. This enables easy access to the test equipment from outside the chamber.
- the test means has the same material as the mounts.
- the test means and the mountings are preferably made entirely of an identical material.
- the state of wear of the test equipment thus indicates the state of wear of the holder.
- the test means has the same cross section, in particular the same diameter, as the mounts.
- the test means is attached at a distance from the fireproof lining.
- a gap is preferably formed between the test means and the refractory lining, which gap extends in particular along the entire length of the test means within the refractory lining, so that there is no direct contact between the refractory lining and the test means. This enables the test equipment to be easily removed from the fireproof cladding without damaging the test equipment or the fireproof cladding.
- the bracket is preferably also attached at a distance from the refractory lining.
- the test means extends into the refractory lining to a depth which corresponds to the depth of the sections within the refractory lining. This ensures that the test equipment and the brackets are exposed to the same environmental conditions, so that the wear condition of the test equipment corresponds as closely as possible to the wear condition of the brackets.
- the test means is at a distance from the surface of the fireproof lining facing in the direction of the chamber.
- the test means preferably does not extend completely through the fireproof lining.
- the test means has a coating.
- the coating is, for example, bitumen.
- at least the area of the test means extending into the fireproof cladding is completely provided with the coating.
- the coating is preferably an anti-corrosion coating and is used in particular to create a distance between the refractory cladding and the test equipment.
- the coating is preferably designed in such a way that it gasifies at a high temperature, such as 500 ° C. to 1500 ° C., preferably 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C., most preferably 700 ° C., in particular escapes from the refractory lining.
- the invention also comprises a method for attaching a refractory cladding to a wall of a chamber of a heating unit as described above, the method comprising the steps:
- the embodiments and advantages described with reference to the heating unit also apply in procedural correspondence to the method for attaching a fireproof lining to a wall of a chamber of a heating unit.
- test means and the holder are coated with a coating before the refractory lining is cast.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a section of a heating unit with a test means in a sectional view according to an exemplary embodiment.
- 1 shows a detail of a heating unit 10, such as a calciner, a cyclone of a preheater or a furnace for burning mineral material or cement clinker, for example a rotary kiln.
- the heating unit 10 has a wall 12 which, for example, forms the outer wall of the heating unit 10.
- a thermal treatment of the material to be processed takes place within the chamber 14.
- the material is preferably burned in the chamber, fuel being burned and / or material being converted by a chemical reaction.
- the chamber 14 is designed, for example, as a combustion chamber with a burner for burning fossil fuels. It is also conceivable that the heat required for firing or calcining is generated via a thermal process that takes place outside the chamber 14, such as secondary fuel combustion.
- a secondary fuel is understood to mean, for example, liquid, solid or gaseous waste.
- a fireproof cladding 16 is attached to the wall.
- the refractory lining 16 is attached to the inwardly facing surface of the wall 12 towards the chamber 14, the refractory lining 16 preferably comprising a concrete.
- the refractory lining 16 comprises a monolith.
- the fireproof cladding 16 has a thickness of 30 to 300 cm, preferably 100 to 200 cm, in particular 150 cm, and preferably extends exclusively along one side of the wall 12.
- a plurality of holders 18 are also attached to the wall 12, only one holder being shown as an example in FIG. 1.
- the holders are arranged in rows next to one another and / or one behind the other over the entire refractory cladding 16.
- approximately 20 to 40, preferably 30 brackets per square meter are attached.
- the brackets 18 are preferably arranged at a uniform distance from one another.
- the brackets 18 are preferably firmly attached to the wall 12, for example welded.
- the Holders 18 include in particular a stainless steel that is temperature, corrosion and acid resistant. .
- the mountings 18 are preferably V-shaped and have two legs which are spaced apart from one another at an angle of approximately 40 to 80 °, preferably 50 to 70 °, in particular 60 °.
- the legs of the holder 18 are, for example, corrugated.
- the holder is attached to the wall 12 at the tip of the V-shaped profile on which the legs are connected to one another, preferably welded, so that it faces the opening of the V-shaped profile in the direction of the chamber 14.
- Different designs of the mounts are also conceivable
- a test means 20 is attached in the fireproof cladding 16.
- the test means 20 extends from the wall 12 into the refractory lining 16 and is made of the same material as the brackets 18.
- the test means 20 extends into the refractory lining 16 to a depth which corresponds to the depth which is the same Brackets 18 extend into the refractory lining 16.
- the test means 20 is, for example, a rod, a pen or a plate.
- the test means 20 preferably has the same thickness, in particular the same cross-section, preferably the same diameter, as at least one of the legs of the mounts 18.
- the test means 20 preferably extends perpendicular to the wall 12. It is also conceivable that the test means 20 extends, for example, at an angle of 60 to 80 °, in particular 50 to 70 °, to the wall 12. Furthermore, the test means 20 can also have an undulating profile, for example.
- the wall 12 has a bore 22 through which the test means 20 extends into the fireproof lining 16.
- the test means 20 protrudes, for example, from the wall 12, preferably from the surface of the wall 12 opposite the fireproof cladding 16.
- the test means 20 is preferably detachably attached in the wall 12 and the fireproof cladding 16 and with a fastening means 24, such as a screw connection , attached to the wall 12.
- the fastening means is preferably arranged outside the chamber 14.
- the test means 20 is a rod, the one from the wall 12 protruding end of the rod has a thread and the screw connection comprises two nuts 26, 28 which sit on the thread and secure the test means against movement out of the fireproof cladding 16.
- the wall-side of the two nuts 26 is, for example, firmly connected to the wall, for example welded.
- the second nut 28 is also secured against rotation by means of a securing means, for example.
- the test means 20 extends, for example, over a length of approximately 100 to 300 cm, preferably 150 to 250 cm, in particular 200 cm into the fireproof cladding 16.
- the testing means 20 preferably does not extend completely through the fireproof cladding 16, so that the distance between the end of the testing means 20 and the surface of the fireproof cladding facing in the direction of the chamber 14 is, for example, about 20 to 60 cm, preferably 30 to 50 cm, in particular 40 cm .
- This distance preferably corresponds to the distance between the end of the holder 18 and the surface of the refractory cladding 16.
- a test means 20 designed as a rod has, for example, a diameter of 5 to 20 cm, preferably 8 to 15 cm, in particular 10 cm.
- the test means 20 is preferably cast into the fireproof cladding 16 in such a way that a gap is formed between the test means 29 and the fireproof cladding 16.
- the test means 20 is thus, for example, at a distance from the fireproof cladding 16 and is not in direct contact with it.
- a gap is preferably also formed between the holder 18 and the fireproof cladding 16, so that the holder 18 is preferably not in direct contact with the fireproof cladding 16.
- the gap has, for example, a thickness of about 1 to 5 cm, preferably 2 to 4 cm, in particular 3 cm.
- the test means 20 and the holder 18 have a coating, for example made of bitumen.
- the heating unit 10 is, for example, a cyclone of a preheater of a cement plant, the wall 12 being, for example, a ceiling wall of the cyclone.
- the heating unit 10 can also be, for example, a rotary kiln, the wall 12, for example, being a wall of the kiln outlet area on the burner side End of the rotary kiln is.
- the heating unit 10 can also be, for example, a calciner for calcining the material of a cement production process preheated in the preheater, the wall 12 being, for example, a wall of the combustion chamber of the calciner.
- the fireproof cladding 16 comprises, for example, an insulation layer 30 which is attached directly to the wall 12 and comprises, for example, Gal.
- the insulation layer 30 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 has three layers.
- the concrete layer 32, which directly adjoins the chamber 14, directly adjoins the insulation layer 30.
- a bore 22 is first made in the wall, through which the test device 20 is guided so that it protrudes for the most part from the surface of the wall 12 facing inward towards the chamber 14.
- the test means 20 is detachably attached to the wall 12, for example screwed.
- the brackets 18 are fixedly attached, for example welded, to the inwardly facing surface of the wall 12.
- the fireproof cladding 16 is then poured onto the wall 12 from a concrete, so that the test means 20 and the holder 18 are, for example, completely cast into the concrete.
- an insulation layer 30 is applied to the wall 12 before the concrete is poured, and the concrete layer 32 is then applied to the insulation layer 30.
- the test means 20 and the holder 18 have preferably been coated with a coating, such as bitumen, before being fastened to the wall 12.
- a coating such as bitumen
- the coating is used, for example, to protect the test equipment 20 and the holder 18 from corrosion the test means 20 and the holder 18 is created.
- the fastening means 24, in particular the screw connection is preferably released so that the test means 20 can be at least partially removed from the fireproof cladding 16.
- the test means 20 is preferably pulled completely out of the fireproof cladding 16 and the wall 12 and subjected to a visual inspection, for example. If corrosion damage is found, it is concluded that similar corrosion damage has occurred in the holder 18, whereupon, for example, maintenance or renewal of the refractory cladding 16 can be carried out.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019203199.4A DE102019203199A1 (de) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Wärmeaggregat in einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Zement oder zur Bearbeitung von Gesteinen oder Erzen |
BE20195144A BE1027098B1 (de) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Wärmeaggregat in einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Zement oder zur Bearbeitung von Gesteinen oder Erzen |
PCT/EP2020/055734 WO2020182579A1 (de) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-03-04 | Wärmeaggregat in einer anlage zur herstellung von zement oder zur bearbeitung von gesteinen oder erzen |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3935333A1 true EP3935333A1 (de) | 2022-01-12 |
EP3935333C0 EP3935333C0 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
EP3935333B1 EP3935333B1 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
EP3935333B8 EP3935333B8 (de) | 2023-10-18 |
Family
ID=69699913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20707127.5A Active EP3935333B8 (de) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-03-04 | Wärmeaggregat in einer anlage zur herstellung von zement oder zur bearbeitung von gesteinen oder erzen |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3935333B8 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020182579A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
LU56702A1 (de) * | 1967-08-21 | 1968-11-21 | ||
DK64575A (de) * | 1974-02-22 | 1975-10-20 | Innotec Oy | |
JPS6162785A (ja) | 1984-09-04 | 1986-03-31 | 日本プライブリコ株式会社 | 耐摩耗・耐火材ライニング用アンカ− |
JP5353740B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-02 | 2013-11-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 溶融物レベル計測装置および溶融物レベル計測方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-03-04 EP EP20707127.5A patent/EP3935333B8/de active Active
- 2020-03-04 WO PCT/EP2020/055734 patent/WO2020182579A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3935333C0 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
EP3935333B8 (de) | 2023-10-18 |
EP3935333B1 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
WO2020182579A1 (de) | 2020-09-17 |
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