EP3882565A1 - Tête du combat et procédé de lutte contre une cible avec cette tête du combat - Google Patents

Tête du combat et procédé de lutte contre une cible avec cette tête du combat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3882565A1
EP3882565A1 EP21162107.3A EP21162107A EP3882565A1 EP 3882565 A1 EP3882565 A1 EP 3882565A1 EP 21162107 A EP21162107 A EP 21162107A EP 3882565 A1 EP3882565 A1 EP 3882565A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charges
projectile
warhead
charge
target
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21162107.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3882565B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Falter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3882565A1 publication Critical patent/EP3882565A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3882565B1 publication Critical patent/EP3882565B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/032—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the material of the liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/024—Shaped or hollow charges provided with embedded bodies of inert material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a warhead with the features of the preamble according to claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for combating a target with the warhead.
  • the bombardment of hardened targets, especially targets with reactive armor, is often carried out with multi-stage charges, for example with tandem shaped charges.
  • ATGM missiles for example, are known in the prior art.
  • the time interval between the initiation of the two charges is fixed by the geometric distance, since a hollow charge (HL) needs a firmly defined distance from the target (stand-off). For an optimal effect, the time interval for this is less than 1 millisecond. During this time, protective plates of enemy reactive armor cannot leave the bullet's trajectory quickly enough, so that there is an interaction with the main hollow charge and a loss of performance.
  • a warhead is proposed.
  • the warhead is also referred to in particular as a projectile.
  • the warhead can be designed specifically for barrel weapons, for example for firing by means of a machine or tank cannon.
  • the warhead forms battle tank ammunition, for example 120 mm, 130 mm or 140 mm ammunition.
  • the warhead is designed in particular for use against heavily armored targets, targets with reactive armor and / or targets with an active protection system.
  • the warhead includes a plurality of charges.
  • the warhead comprises at least and / or exactly two charges, preferably at least and / or exactly three charges and in particular at least and / or exactly five charges.
  • one of the plurality of charges forms a first charge and another of the plurality of charges forms a second charge.
  • the charges are preferably arranged spaced apart from one another in a flight direction of the projectile.
  • the charges are each designed as projectile-forming charges.
  • a projectile-forming charge is also known as a P charge or EEP (Explosively Formed Projectile).
  • a projectile-forming charge constitutes armor-piercing ammunition. Projectile-forming charges are, for example, formed charges to be emitted during and / or by a detonation.
  • the projectile is emitted in particular in the direction of flight of the warhead.
  • the projectile emitted by the projectile-forming charge is designed, for example, as an elongated but nevertheless compact projectile, in particular like a rifle projectile.
  • the metal algae is specifically composed of a high-density metal, for example copper, tantalum or steel.
  • the insert can in particular also form an occupancy and / or be designated as such.
  • the insert is, for example, parabolic and / or spherical.
  • the metal algae is specifically composed of a high-density metal, for example copper, tantalum or steel.
  • the charges are arranged in a sandwich arrangement and / or in a sandwich-like manner.
  • the charges are arranged like a sandwich in the flight direction of the projectile, the flight direction defining, for example, a stacking direction of the sandwich arrangement.
  • the inserts each form a sandwich layer.
  • the explosive arranged between two inserts forming an explosive layer.
  • the sandwich arrangement comprising the first and the second charge in the direction of flight is constructed as an explosive layer, insert, explosive layer and insert.
  • the sandwich arrangement preferably begins at the rear in the direction of flight with an explosive layer and / or ends at the front with an insert in the direction of flight.
  • the charges and / or sandwich layers are in particular stacked and / or arranged directly on top of one another.
  • the invention provides a warhead with which it is possible to combat heavily armored targets effectively, for example targets with distance-active protection systems and / or targets that are protected by reactive armor.
  • the proposed warhead can be fired as a tandem charge and / or multiple charge, which, because of its projectile-forming charges, can be ignited independently of the standoff and / or at a distance of more than ten caliber lengths from the target.
  • the reactive armor and / or the distance-active protection system can be triggered with the first and / or fastest projectile and the subsequent projectiles and / or the subsequent projectile effectively damage the unprotected target.
  • triggered parts of the reactive armor can already have left the trajectory of the following projectiles, so that these are not exposed to any obstacles and can effectively damage the target and can be used to penetrate the main armor.
  • the use of projectile-forming charges has the advantage that the standoff to the target can be increased. An attack with two threats in rapid succession is difficult for an active protection system to fend off.
  • the explosives of the first and the second charge differ in their composition, type, density, layer thickness, explosive mass and / or arrangement form.
  • the layer thickness is oriented in particular in the stacking direction and / or flight direction.
  • the composition is in particular the chemical composition of the explosive.
  • the explosives can differ in their density.
  • the first, in this case rearmost, explosive layer is preferably thicker than the foremost explosive layer.
  • the choice of explosives, im Specifically their composition and / or layer thickness, a relative speed between the projectiles is set.
  • the inserts of the first and the second charge differ in their composition, their material, their mass, their geometry and / or their layer thickness.
  • one insert is designed as a tantalum insert and another insert is designed as a copper insert.
  • Geometry is understood to mean in particular its shape, for example one insert is spherical and another insert is parabolic.
  • the inserts are arranged and / or designed, by means of their geometry, composition, their material, their mass and / or their layer thickness, to constructively set a shape of the resulting projectile and / or a penetration performance of the projectile, in particular so that they are suitable for the different Differentiate projectiles.
  • One embodiment of the invention provides that the charges, the inserts, the explosive layers and / or the sandwich arrangement, especially for the first and second charge, alternatively and / or additionally for all or a subset of the plurality of charges, share a common symmetry and / or have an axis of symmetry.
  • the axis of symmetry is aligned with the direction of flight of the warhead.
  • the symmetry is, in particular, a rotational symmetry.
  • the charges are preferably designed to emit the charges that arise along the axis of symmetry. This refinement is based on the consideration of sending the projectiles in a constructive manner along a common trajectory, in particular that the projectiles fly one behind the other. This enables the first projectile to perforate the target, trigger the reactive armor and / or trigger the active protection system, the following and / or the following projectiles being able to strike at the same location on the target and thus in particular further damage.
  • the first charge is configured to send out a first projectile at a first velocity and the second charge is configured to send out a second projectile at a second velocity.
  • the charges are each designed to send out a projectile at a respective speed.
  • the speeds of the projectiles are in the same direction. The speeds preferably differ in their magnitude, in particular for the first and the second charge, in particular for all or a subset of the plurality of charges.
  • the first charge is particularly preferably arranged in front of the second charge.
  • the first charge faces closer to the target than the second charge and / or in other words, the projectile of the first charge flies ahead of the projectile of the second charge.
  • the first and second charges are designed to send out the projectile of the first charge at a greater speed than the projectile of the second charge.
  • the first and second charges are designed to send out the projectiles with a speed difference, the speed difference being the difference between the speed of the first projectile and the speed of the second projectile.
  • the speed difference is preferably greater than or equal to an average speed of the reactive armor and / or the active protection system of the target, the average speed being, for example, the speed of armor and / or a means of defense that is determined for triggering until leaving the trajectory of the triggering projectile can be.
  • the speed of the emitted first and / or second projectile in particular all or a subset of the emitted projectiles of the plurality of charges, has a speed of at least 1000 meters per second (m / s) and in particular of at least 1500 meters per second, wherein the speed is in particular less than 2500 meters per second and in particular less than 2000 meters per second.
  • This embodiment is based on the idea of being able to trigger the charges at a large distance, for example 100 meters and / or in particular outside a protective radius of the active protection system, so that the projectiles flying one behind the other cannot be repelled by the active protection system .
  • the warhead has, in particular, an ignition device, in particular precisely one ignition device.
  • the ignition device is preferably arranged in a rear section of the warhead.
  • the ignition device is designed to ignite the plurality of charges, in particular to ignite them together. In other words, such a warhead provides only one ignition device for igniting all charges.
  • the ignition device is designed in particular as an igniter, for example as an igniter for overfire and / or shock initiation.
  • the ignition device is designed to send a shock wave through the charges and, based on this, to initiate and / or ignite the charges.
  • the ignition device is preferably designed to ignite the charges at a distance greater than a protective radius of the target, in particular of the active protective system.
  • the ignition device is designed as a distance igniter, in particular for igniting the charges at a distance of at least 20 meters, preferably of at least 50 and in particular of at least 100 meters. This refinement is based on the idea of providing a warhead that is ignited outside a protective radius of the target and thus cannot be repulsed.
  • Another object of the invention is a method for combating a target with a warhead as previously described.
  • the method relates in particular to combating a target with reactive armor and / or a target with an active protection system.
  • the majority of charges of the warhead are ignited and a large number of projectiles are generated.
  • the plurality of projectiles include first and second projectiles.
  • the projectiles, especially the first and the second projectile are sent out one behind the other along a common trajectory.
  • the active protection system is triggered by means of the first projectile, the reactive armor is activated and / or the target is perforated.
  • the following projectile hits the target with a time delay, which in particular is already perforated and / or unprotected.
  • the charges of the warhead are preferably ignited at a distance greater than the protective radius of the active protection system.
  • the charges are detonated at a distance of at least 25 meters, in particular at least 50 meters and preferably at least 100 meters from the target.
  • the charges are designed in such a way that the projectiles are emitted at different speeds, the speeds preferably each being greater than 1000 meters per second.
  • a speed difference is set and / or provided between two projectiles, in particular based on the layer thicknesses of the explosive layers.
  • the speed difference is selected to be so large that it is greater than an average speed of the reactive armor.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a warhead 1.
  • the warhead 1 is designed in particular to combat a hardened target, a target with reactive armor and / or a target with an active protection system.
  • the warhead 1 comprises a casing 2, the casing 2 comprising a plurality of charges with inlays 3a, b and explosive 4a, 4b, a detonation wave guide 5 and an ignition device 6.
  • the charges are designed as projectile-forming charges which are detonated by ignition, whereby a projectile 7a, 7b is emitted in a projectile flight direction 8.
  • the projectile flight direction 8 is in the same direction as a flight direction 9 of the warhead 1.
  • Each charge comprises an insert 3a, 3b, also called a liner, and an explosive 8a, 8b which in particular forms an explosive layer.
  • the inlays 8a, b are spherically and / or parabolically curved inwards against the direction of flight 9.
  • the inserts 3 a, b are designed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis of symmetry 10.
  • the axis of symmetry 10 is aligned with the direction of flight 8 of the warhead 1 and indicates the direction of projectile flight 8.
  • the charges are stacked on top of one another in the manner of a sandwich in the direction of flight 8.
  • the sandwich structure relates in particular to the stacking of the inserts 3a, b and the explosive layers 4a, b.
  • the sandwich structure in the direction of flight direction 9 begins with the explosive layer 4b, followed by the insert 3b, followed by the explosive layer 4a and the insert 3a.
  • the ignition device 6 is designed to ignite the explosive layers 4a, b.
  • the explosive layers 4a, b detonate as a result of the ignition, so that the projectile 7a emerges from the insert 3a and the projectile 7b emerges from the insert 4b and is emitted.
  • the projectile 7a is emitted, ejected and / or fired at the speed v1 and the projectile 7b at the speed v2.
  • both the explosive layer 4a and 4b have a positive accelerating effect on the projectile 7a, the explosive layer 4b essentially having a positive accelerating effect on the projectile 7b.
  • the Speed v1 is greater than speed v2.
  • the Figures 2a, b and c schematically show a shot of a tank 11 as a target with the projectile 1 Figure 1 .
  • the tank 11 has an active protection system with a protective radius R. By approaching a projectile and / or warhead 1 closer than the protective radius R, the protective system is triggered.
  • Figure 2a shows the bombardment at a point in time t0, the ignition point in time of the warhead 11.
  • the fired warhead 1 is ignited outside the protective radius R, the projectiles 7a, b being created and fired at the target.
  • the ignition takes place at a distance s from the target.
  • the projectiles 7a, b have different speeds v1, v2, the projectile 7a flying ahead having a greater speed.
  • Figure 2b shows the bombardment at a point in time t0 + s / v1.
  • the projectile 7a has reached the target and strikes at one position, triggers the reactive armor and / or is already damaging the target.
  • the projectile 7b is still at a distance from the target, in particular outside of an action area of the reactive armor.
  • FIG. 7b shows the bombardment at a point in time t0 + s / v2.
  • the projectile 7b here reaches the target 11, in particular at the same position as the projectile 7a before.
  • the projectile 7b can thus act and damage the now unprotected and / or previously damaged area of the target with full effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP21162107.3A 2020-03-17 2021-03-11 Tête du combat et procédé de lutte contre une cible avec cette tête du combat Active EP3882565B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020001785.1A DE102020001785A1 (de) 2020-03-17 2020-03-17 Gefechtskopf und Verfahren zur Bekämpfung eines Ziels mit dem Gefechtskopf

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EP3882565A1 true EP3882565A1 (fr) 2021-09-22
EP3882565B1 EP3882565B1 (fr) 2024-10-23

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EP21162107.3A Active EP3882565B1 (fr) 2020-03-17 2021-03-11 Tête du combat et procédé de lutte contre une cible avec cette tête du combat

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DE (1) DE102020001785A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3127280C1 (en) * 1981-07-10 1989-09-28 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Shaped charge
DE3924087C1 (de) * 1989-07-20 1997-05-28 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Tandem-Gefechtskopf zur Bekämpfung aktiver Ziele
US6510797B1 (en) * 2000-08-17 2003-01-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Segmented kinetic energy explosively formed penetrator assembly
US20120247358A1 (en) * 2011-01-19 2012-10-04 Raytheon Company Liners for warheads and warheads having improved liners
US20140076132A1 (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Extended Jet Perforating Device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3628622C1 (de) 1986-08-22 1996-08-08 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung sprenggeformter Projektile
FR2655719B1 (fr) 1989-12-07 1994-05-06 Etat Francais Delegue Armement Charge explosive engendrant plusieurs noyaux et/ou jets.
US6186070B1 (en) 1998-11-27 2001-02-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Combined effects warheads

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3127280C1 (en) * 1981-07-10 1989-09-28 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Shaped charge
DE3924087C1 (de) * 1989-07-20 1997-05-28 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Tandem-Gefechtskopf zur Bekämpfung aktiver Ziele
US6510797B1 (en) * 2000-08-17 2003-01-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Segmented kinetic energy explosively formed penetrator assembly
US20120247358A1 (en) * 2011-01-19 2012-10-04 Raytheon Company Liners for warheads and warheads having improved liners
US20140076132A1 (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Extended Jet Perforating Device

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Publication number Publication date
EP3882565B1 (fr) 2024-10-23
DE102020001785A1 (de) 2021-09-23

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