EP3827938B1 - Blade - Google Patents

Blade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3827938B1
EP3827938B1 EP20206852.4A EP20206852A EP3827938B1 EP 3827938 B1 EP3827938 B1 EP 3827938B1 EP 20206852 A EP20206852 A EP 20206852A EP 3827938 B1 EP3827938 B1 EP 3827938B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade holder
blade
spring
housing
stop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20206852.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3827938A1 (en
Inventor
Kerry Henn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martor KG
Original Assignee
Martor KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Martor KG filed Critical Martor KG
Publication of EP3827938A1 publication Critical patent/EP3827938A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3827938B1 publication Critical patent/EP3827938B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B5/00—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades
    • B26B5/001—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B5/00—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades
    • B26B5/001—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use
    • B26B5/003—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use comprising retraction means for the blade or the blade holder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B9/00—Blades for hand knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B1/00—Hand knives with adjustable blade; Pocket knives
    • B26B1/08—Hand knives with adjustable blade; Pocket knives with sliding blade

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a knife.
  • a knife is from the DE 10 2016 008 724 A1 known. It includes a housing and a blade holder movable in the housing between a rear position and a cutting position.
  • a return device in the form of a spring loads the blade holder into the rear position. In the rear position, the blade is retracted into the housing so far that the user cannot come into contact with the cutting edge and therefore cannot injure himself. In the cutting position, the blade protrudes from a front opening of the housing, so that a cutting process is possible.
  • the object of the invention to design the resetting device in such a way that it can be produced inexpensively.
  • the resetting device should allow easy assembly of the knife.
  • the restoring device should be designed in such a way that the restoring force can be varied by a simple change in construction.
  • the knife includes a housing and a blade holder movable within the housing between a first position and a second position.
  • the first position is, for example, a rear safety position in which the blade is arranged in the housing so that a user cannot come into contact with the edge of the blade.
  • the second position is, for example, a blade changing position, in which the blade emerges from the housing in such a way that a blade change is possible.
  • the second position can also be a cutting position, for example, in which the blade is moved far enough out of the housing that a cutting process is possible.
  • the movement of the blade carrier can, for example, be translatory, rotatory or of a mixed nature with translatory and rotatory components.
  • the blade carrier may be movable in a straight or curved path.
  • the knife includes a restoring device with a spring, with which the blade holder can be loaded into the first position relative to the housing.
  • the housing can have several parts. In particular, if these are designed to be immovable relative to other housing parts and are firmly connected to them, they should fall under the term “housing” below.
  • the restoring device comprises first restoring means and second restoring means.
  • the first restoring means are mounted on the housing or on the blade holder.
  • the second restoring means are mounted on the other element, ie on the blade holder or the housing.
  • the first restoring means comprise a movable element and a spring.
  • the movable element is connected to the spring and is loaded by the spring in a direction of movement.
  • the movable element can, for example, carry out a rotary movement, a translational movement or a mixed movement with rotational and translational components.
  • the movable element cooperates with the blade holder and with the housing and loads the blade holder in at least a range of movement of the blade carrier towards the rear position.
  • the movable element has, for example, a contact surface which is in contact with a counter surface of the housing or the blade holder and is movable relative to the counter surface.
  • the second restoring means comprise the counter surface. If, for example, the first restoring means on the Blade holder are stored, the contact surface is in contact with the second return means of the housing. If the first restoring means are mounted on the housing, the contact surface is in contact with the second restoring means of the blade holder.
  • the mating surface has, for example, at least two areas, with a second area being oriented differently from a first area.
  • the elastic element is in engagement with one of the at least two areas of the mating surface.
  • the counter surface forms a slideway and the contact surface is a sliding surface.
  • the contact surface could be formed on a rolling element and the counter-surface forms a rolling track.
  • the contact surface may be formed on a projection of the movable member.
  • the spring is designed, for example, as a compression spring or as a tension spring. Such springs are available inexpensively in different sizes on the market. In particular, a tension spring is easy to store and easy to attach to the components to be loaded.
  • a spring is any device made of an elastically deformable material that exerts a restoring force after deformation. As far as this property is fulfilled, the term is independent of the shape and the material of the device.
  • the spring can be made of spring steel, a plastic or a natural material, for example.
  • the moveable element cooperates, for example, with different aligned surfaces of the housing or the blade holder, which form the mating surface.
  • the orientation of the face is given below with the direction of the surface orthogonal.
  • the orientation of the different surface areas can be such that different proportions of the spring force act on the blade carrier in the retraction direction (direction of the first position).
  • a first force acts in the retraction direction on the blade carrier and between the intermediate position and the second position a second force or no force acts in the retraction direction on the blade carrier.
  • the first force differs from the second force.
  • the blade carrier may be movable between a first safety position, a cutting position, and a second blade-changing position.
  • the position of the blade carrier controls the contact of the movable element with the respective area of the mating surface.
  • the movable element when moving the blade carrier between the rear position and the cutting position, can be in contact with a counter surface which biases the blade carrier into the rear position. In the blade-changing position, the movable element can be in contact with a counter-surface in such a way that the blade carrier is not loaded, or loaded only with a small force, in the retraction direction, so that no movement takes place. This can be the case, for example, when the blade carrier is loaded in a direction in which it has no degree of freedom.
  • the blade acting on the blade carrier in the retraction direction can be smaller than in a first area.
  • the first area includes, for example, the security position.
  • the second area includes, for example, the cutting position.
  • a first surface e.g., a surface of the blade carrier or the housing, which is in contact with the movable element, is directed towards the direction of movement of the blade holder, for example such that the blade holder is biased into the rear position.
  • the surface orthogonal is directed parallel to the direction of movement of the blade holder or has portions so directed.
  • a second surface e.g.
  • the surface orthogonal is directed perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the blade holder, or has portions so directed. If the surface orthogonal is directed perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the blade holder, the movable element cannot transmit any force towards the rear position on the blade holder. Therefore, the blade holder remains in the adjusted position. In this case, part of the spring force is directed in a direction other than the return direction and is absorbed by the housing, for example.
  • the counter-surface is designed, for example, as a control surface, which is traversed by the movable element during the movement of the blade carrier between the rear position and the blade-changing position. At least two differently aligned surfaces are formed, for example, on a counter surface.
  • the first restoring means are mounted on the housing or the blade holder and the mating surface of the second restoring means is mounted on the other part, ie the blade holder or the housing.
  • a guide element of the movable element can be guided on the counter surface.
  • the Blade holder loaded with full spring force in the rear position when the spring force is fully on the blade holder in the retracting direction, loaded with less force in the rear position when only part of the spring force is on the blade holder in the retracting direction, or not in the rear position at all loaded when the spring force is not acting on the blade holder in the retraction direction.
  • spring force is the spring force transmitted from the movable element to the blade carrier.
  • the movable element is formed, for example, by a lever, for example by a two-armed lever.
  • the lever is pivotable about a fixed pivot axis or pivotable about a movable pivot axis.
  • a lever arm includes the contact surface.
  • a second lever arm is loaded by the spring.
  • the spring and the moveable member are attached to the blade holder, with one spring end of the spring connected to the blade holder and another spring end connected to the moveable member.
  • the spring and the movable element are fixed to the housing and one spring end of the spring is connected to the housing and another spring end is connected to the movable element.
  • the housing is provided, for example, with at least one first stop and the blade holder with a counter stop.
  • the contact between the stop and the counterstop determines the cutting position, for example. This means that the blade holder can only be moved from the rear position in the direction of the cutting position until the stop and the counter-stop are in contact and thus define the cutting position.
  • the housing is provided with a second stop which contacts the counter stop in a blade changing position and prevents further movement in the direction of movement opposite to the rear position.
  • the blade carrier In the blade-changing position, the blade carrier is moved beyond the cutting position with respect to the rear position, for example.
  • a stop of the housing which defines the cutting position
  • a stop which defines the blade changing position
  • a second movement path for example, an area of the blade carrier is mounted so that it can be flexibly moved in such a way that the counter-stop can be moved between the first path of movement and the second path of movement.
  • the counter-stop can be shifted between the movement paths by means of an actuation, for example. Then, when the counter-stop moves on the first path of movement, the movement is limited by the first stop, when the counter-stop moves on the second path of movement, the movement is limited by the second stop.
  • the first trajectory and the second trajectory can be separated from one another by a wall in such a way that the counter-stop cannot move between the first trajectory and the second trajectory, at least in one range of movement.
  • the counter-stop in the rear position, can be moved between the first path of movement and the second path of movement.
  • the knife as a whole is denoted by the reference numeral 10 in the figures.
  • a first embodiment of the knife 10 comprises according to 1 a housing 11 with a first housing part 12 and a second housing part 23.
  • the knife 10 also includes a blade holder 13 with a blade 14 which is provided with a cutting edge 25.
  • the housing part 23 is designed as a sleeve and comprises a front opening 15 and a rear opening 16.
  • a central longitudinal axis of the blade 10 is denoted by m.
  • recesses 17a and 17b are also formed on both sides in the housing part 23 on a front end region 18 of the knife 10 .
  • Two recesses are provided in the housing part 23 at a rear end region 19 of the knife 10, one recess 20 for the actuation of an actuating element 21 and another recess 22 forming a through-opening which is used for hanging the knife 10.
  • the housing part 23 is formed by a sheet metal part, but it can also be made from other materials and have a different shape.
  • the invention does not depend on the material and the external shape of the housing, as will become clear below.
  • the blade holder 13 is in the rear position.
  • the blade holder 13 can be displaced relative to the housing 11 from the rear position in direction x1 to a cutting position shown in 2 is shown.
  • the blade holder 13 Upon release of the force on the blade holder 13, the blade holder 13 is automatically moved to the rear position by a return device 34 when it is in a position between the rear position and the cutting position, including the cutting position.
  • the blade holder 13 has a structure 24 on both sides of its front end area, which gives the fingers a good hold.
  • the blade holder 13 has an inclined recess 26 through which a portion of the cutting edge 25 of the blade 14 is exposed.
  • the knife 10 has a rectangular blade 14, but in principle any shape of blade, such as a trapezoidal blade, hooked blade, etc., can be used.
  • the housing part 23 forms bulges 54, which form recesses in the interior of the housing part 23, in which the housing part 12 can be latched.
  • the blade holder 13 is moved beyond the cutting position in direction x1 to a blade changing position.
  • the blade carrier 13 can only be moved beyond the cutting position if the actuating element 21 has been actuated beforehand.
  • the blade holder 13 comprises, in a known manner, a base part 27 in which a blade seat 29 is formed, and a cover part 28 which, together with the base part 27, forms a swivel joint G1.
  • the blade 14 is held between the base part 27 and the cover part 28 .
  • the blade 14 is provided with a slot-shaped opening 30 and the blade seat 29 comprises a complementary projection 31 which can reach through the blade 14 and dip into a recess 32 of the cover part 28 when the cover part 28 is in the closed position .
  • the blade 14 can be held in the blade holder 13 in a form-fitting manner. If the cover part 28 is in the open position, it is a removal the blade 14 from the blade seat 29 and the exchange for a new blade 14 is possible.
  • FIG 4 shows the knife 10 without the housing 11, the blade holder 13 according to FIG 1 is in the rear position.
  • a return device 34 biases the blade holder 13 to the rearward position when the blade holder 13 is in the rearward position, the cutting position, or between the foregoing positions.
  • First return means of the return device 34 include a spring 35 in the 4 , 5 and 6 is only indicated by a chain line.
  • the first restoring means of the restoring device 34 include a movable element, here in the form of a lever 36.
  • the restoring device 34 includes a tension spring in the form of a helical spring. This is connected to a spring attachment 37 of the base 12 with one spring end and to a spring attachment 38 of the lever 36 with another spring end.
  • the lever 36 is pivoted about a pivot axis a2 in the directions u1 and u2 on the base 12 and forms a pivot joint G 2 with the base 12 .
  • the spring 35 loads the lever 36 in direction u2. In the rear position according to 4 subject to the spring 35 is biased.
  • the lever 36 includes a projection 40, which is designed as a cylindrical pin in the present embodiment, but can also be of a different shape.
  • An outer surface 41 of the projection 40 is in contact with a mating surface 42 of the blade holder 13 .
  • the counter-surface is surrounded by second restoring means.
  • the mating surface 42 forms a control surface with which, depending on the position of the projection 40 relative to the mating surface, the proportion of the spring force of the spring 35 can be influenced, which loads the blade holder 13 in direction x2.
  • the mating surface 42 of the blade holder 13 comprises a surface area 43 whose surface orthogonal is directed approximately parallel to the directions of movement x1 and x2 of the blade holder 13 .
  • the mating surface 42 includes a surface area 45, the surface orthogonal of which is directed approximately at right angles to the directions of movement x1 and x2.
  • a transition area 44 has an angle of approximately 45° to area 43 and to area 45 .
  • the transition area 44 is arranged between the surface areas 43 and 45 with respect to the directions of movement of the projection 40 along the control surface 42 .
  • the cutting position is reached when an extension 49 of the blade holder 13 on a first trajectory in contact with a Counter surface of a first stop 48 of the base 12 has moved into contact.
  • the projection 48 can be moved elastically by means of the actuating element 21 in direction y1 onto a second path of movement, which is separated from the first path of movement by a wall 55 .
  • the blade holder 13 is then on the second path of movement according to the blade changing position 6 movable.
  • the movement of the blade holder 13 in direction x1 is limited by the contact of the surface of the extension 49 with a holding surface of a second stop 50. If the blade holder 13 is moved back to the rear position in direction x2, the extension 49 automatically moves again due to its elastic restoring force on the first trajectory.
  • the projection 40 slides from the first area 43 via the transition area 44 to the second area 45.
  • the surface orthogonal of the second area 45 is directed at right angles to the movement directions x1, x2 of the blade holder 13. so that no forces can be transferred from the lever 36 to the blade holder 13 which would load the blade holder in the direction x2.
  • the blade change can therefore be carried out without the blade holder 13 having to be held in the blade change position against the spring force of the spring 35 .
  • the spring force which is transmitted from the lever 36 to the blade carrier, is absorbed by the housing part 23 in this position of the projection 40 .
  • the blade holder 13 When the blade change is complete, the blade holder 13 is manually moved from the blade change position relative to the base 12 in direction x2. The projection 40 then slides in the reverse direction from the area 45 of the mating surface 42 via the transition area 44 to the Area 43.
  • the transition area 44 When the transition area 44 is reached, the lever 36 again exerts a force in the direction x2 on the blade holder 13, so that the further movement of the blade holder 13 in the direction x2 until the rear position is reached can no longer be actively carried out by the user must, but takes place automatically by the restoring force of the spring 35, which loads the lever 36 in direction u2.
  • the rear position is reached when the stop shoulders 46 hit the surfaces 47 of the second housing part 23 .
  • the assembly of the knife is carried out, for example, as follows.
  • the lever 36 is slipped onto a pin 51 of the base 12 forming the pivot axis a2.
  • Spring 35 is attached to lever 36 and base 12 .
  • the cover part 28 is mounted on the base part 27 of the blade holder 13, the cover part 28 is mounted.
  • the blade holder 13 is pushed into the base 12 and the projection 40 of the lever 36 is brought into abutment with the area 45 . By pushing it in further in direction x2, it comes into contact with the transition area 44, whereupon the blade holder 13 automatically moves into the rear position.
  • the assembly of base 12 and blade holder 13 can be inserted into the rear opening 16 of the housing 11 until a stop surface 52 of the base 12 abuts a rear face 53 of the housing 11 and the housing part 12 is locked to the housing part 23.
  • the blade 14 can then be installed by moving the blade holder 13 to the blade changing position as described above.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Messer. Ein solches Messer ist aus der DE 10 2016 008 724 A1 bekannt. Es umfasst ein Gehäuse und einen in dem Gehäuse zwischen einer hinteren Position und einer Schneidposition bewegbaren Klingenhalter. Eine Rückstellvorrichtung in Form einer Feder belastet den Klingenhalter in die hintere Position. In der hinteren Position ist die Klinge soweit in das Gehäuse zurückgezogen, dass der Benutzer keinen Kontakt zur der Schneide erhalten und sich daher nicht verletzen kann. In der Schneidposition ragt die Klinge aus einer vorderen Öffnung des Gehäuses, so dass ein Schneidvorgang möglich ist.The invention relates to a knife. Such a knife is from the DE 10 2016 008 724 A1 known. It includes a housing and a blade holder movable in the housing between a rear position and a cutting position. A return device in the form of a spring loads the blade holder into the rear position. In the rear position, the blade is retracted into the housing so far that the user cannot come into contact with the cutting edge and therefore cannot injure himself. In the cutting position, the blade protrudes from a front opening of the housing, so that a cutting process is possible.

Es war Aufgabe der Erfindung die Rückstellvorrichtung derart zu gestalten, dass sie kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Darüber hinaus sollte die Rückstellvorrichtung eine einfache Montage des Messers erlauben. Ferner sollte die Rückstellvorrichtung so ausgebildet sein, dass die Rückstellkraft durch eine einfache Änderung der Kontstruktion variiert werden kann.It was the object of the invention to design the resetting device in such a way that it can be produced inexpensively. In addition, the resetting device should allow easy assembly of the knife. Furthermore, the restoring device should be designed in such a way that the restoring force can be varied by a simple change in construction.

Die Aufgabe wurde gelöst durch ein Messer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The problem was solved by a knife with the features of claim 1.

Das Messer umfasst ein Gehäuse und einen in dem Gehäuse zwischen einer ersten Position und einer zweiten Position bewegbaren Klingenhalter. Die erste Position ist z.B. eine hintere Sicherheitsposition, in welcher die Klinge in dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist, so dass ein Benutzer nicht mit der Schneide der Klinge in Kontakt geraten kann. Die zweite Position ist z.B. eine Klingenwechselposition, in welcher die Klinge derart aus dem Gehäuse austritt, dass ein Klingenwechsel möglich ist. Die zweite Position kann z.B. alternativ auch eine Schneidposition sein, in welcher die Klinge soweit aus dem Gehäuse bewegt ist, dass ein Schneidvorgang möglich ist.The knife includes a housing and a blade holder movable within the housing between a first position and a second position. The first position is, for example, a rear safety position in which the blade is arranged in the housing so that a user cannot come into contact with the edge of the blade. The second position is, for example, a blade changing position, in which the blade emerges from the housing in such a way that a blade change is possible. Alternatively, the second position can also be a cutting position, for example, in which the blade is moved far enough out of the housing that a cutting process is possible.

Die Bewegung des Klingenträgers kann z.B. translatorisch, rotatorisch oder gemischter Natur mit translatorischen und rotatorischen Anteilen sein. Der Klingenträger kann z.B. auf eine geraden oder einer gekrümmten Bahn bewegbar sein.The movement of the blade carrier can, for example, be translatory, rotatory or of a mixed nature with translatory and rotatory components. For example, the blade carrier may be movable in a straight or curved path.

Außerdem umfasst das Messer eine Rückstellvorrichtung, mit einer Feder, mit welcher der Klingenhalter relativ zu dem Gehäuse in die erste Position belastbar ist.In addition, the knife includes a restoring device with a spring, with which the blade holder can be loaded into the first position relative to the housing.

Das Gehäuse kann mehrere Teile aufweisen. Insbesondere, wenn diese relativ zu anderen Gehäuseteilen unbewegbar ausgebildet und fest mit diesen verbunden sind, sollen sie nachfolgend unter den Begriff "Gehäuse" fallen.The housing can have several parts. In particular, if these are designed to be immovable relative to other housing parts and are firmly connected to them, they should fall under the term “housing” below.

Die Rückstellvorrichtung umfasst erste Rückstellmittel und zweite Rückstellmittel. Die ersten Rückstellmittel sind an dem Gehäuse oder an dem Klingenhalter gelagert. Die zweiten Rückstellmittel sind an dem jeweils anderen Element, also an dem Klingenhalter oder dem Gehäuse gelagert. Die ersten Rückstellmittel umfassen ein bewegbares Element sowie eine Feder. Das bewegbare Element ist mit der Feder verbunden und wird von der Feder in eine Bewegungsrichtung belastet. Das bewegbare Element kann z.B. eine Drehbewegung, eine translatorische Bewegung oder eine gemischte Bewegung mit rotatorischen und translatorischen Anteilen durchführen. Das bewegbare Element wirkt mit dem Klingenhalter und mit dem Gehäuse zusammen und belastet den Klingenhalter wenigstens in einem Bewegungsbereich des Klingenträgers in Richtung der hinteren Position.The restoring device comprises first restoring means and second restoring means. The first restoring means are mounted on the housing or on the blade holder. The second restoring means are mounted on the other element, ie on the blade holder or the housing. The first restoring means comprise a movable element and a spring. The movable element is connected to the spring and is loaded by the spring in a direction of movement. The movable element can, for example, carry out a rotary movement, a translational movement or a mixed movement with rotational and translational components. The movable element cooperates with the blade holder and with the housing and loads the blade holder in at least a range of movement of the blade carrier towards the rear position.

Das bewegbare Element hat z.B. eine Kontaktfläche, die mit einer Gegenfläche des Gehäuses oder des Klingenhalters in Kontakt steht und relativ zu der Gegenfläche bewegbar ist. Die zweiten Rückstellmittel umfassen die Gegenfläche. Wenn z.B. die ersten Rückstellmittel an dem Klingenhalter gelagert sind, steht die Kontaktfläche mit den zweiten Rückstellmitteln des Gehäuses in Kontakt. Sind die ersten Rückstellmittel an dem Gehäuse gelagert, steht die Kontaktfläche mit den zweiten Rückstellmitteln des Klingenhalters in Kontakt.The movable element has, for example, a contact surface which is in contact with a counter surface of the housing or the blade holder and is movable relative to the counter surface. The second restoring means comprise the counter surface. If, for example, the first restoring means on the Blade holder are stored, the contact surface is in contact with the second return means of the housing. If the first restoring means are mounted on the housing, the contact surface is in contact with the second restoring means of the blade holder.

Die Gegenfläche weist z.B. wenigstens zwei Bereiche auf, wobei ein zweiter Bereich zu einem ersten Bereich unterschiedlich ausgerichtet ist. Das elastische Element steht - z.B. in Abhängigkeit der Position des Klingenträgers - mit einem der wenigstens zwei Bereiche der Gegenfläche in Eingriff. Die Gegenfläche bildet z.B. eine Gleitbahn und die Kontaktfläche ist eine Gleitfläche. Alternativ könnte z.B. die Kontaktfläche an einem Abrollelement ausgebildet sein und die Gegenfläche bildet eine Abrollbahn.The mating surface has, for example, at least two areas, with a second area being oriented differently from a first area. Depending on the position of the blade carrier, for example, the elastic element is in engagement with one of the at least two areas of the mating surface. For example, the counter surface forms a slideway and the contact surface is a sliding surface. Alternatively, for example, the contact surface could be formed on a rolling element and the counter-surface forms a rolling track.

Die Kontaktfläche kann z.B. an einem Vorsprung des bewegbaren Elements ausgebildet sein.For example, the contact surface may be formed on a projection of the movable member.

Die Feder ist z.B. als Druckfeder oder als Zugfeder ausgebildet. Derartige Federn sind kostengünstig in unterschiedlichen Größen auf dem Markt erhältlich. Insbesondere eine Zugfeder ist einfach lagerbar und leicht an den zu belastenden Komponenten befestigbar.The spring is designed, for example, as a compression spring or as a tension spring. Such springs are available inexpensively in different sizes on the market. In particular, a tension spring is easy to store and easy to attach to the components to be loaded.

Feder ist im Sinne der Erfindung jede Vorrichtung aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material, die nach der Verformung eine Rückstellkraft ausübt. Soweit diese Eigenschaft erfüllt ist, ist der Begriff unabhängig von der Form und dem Material der Vorrichtung. Die Feder kann z.B. aus Federstahl, aus einem Kunststoff oder einem Naturstoff gebildet sein.In the context of the invention, a spring is any device made of an elastically deformable material that exerts a restoring force after deformation. As far as this property is fulfilled, the term is independent of the shape and the material of the device. The spring can be made of spring steel, a plastic or a natural material, for example.

Das bewegbare Element wirkt z.B. mit unterschiedlichen ausgerichteten Flächen des Gehäuses oder des Klingenhalters zusammen, welche die Gegenfläche bilden. Die Ausrichtung der Fläche wird nachfolgend mit der Richtung der Flächenorthogonalen angegeben. Die Ausrichtung der unterschiedlichen Flächenbereiche kann derart sein, dass unterschiedliche Anteile der Federkraft in Rückzugrichtung (Richtung der ersten Position) auf den Klingenträger wirken. Zwischen der ersten Position und einer Zwischenposition wirkt z.B. eine erste Kraft in Rückzugsrichtung auf den Klingenträger und zwischen der Zwischenposition und der zweiten Position wirkt eine zweite Kraft oder keine Kraft in Rückzugsrichtung auf den Klingenträger. Die erste Kraft unterscheidet sich von der zweiten Kraft.The moveable element cooperates, for example, with different aligned surfaces of the housing or the blade holder, which form the mating surface. The orientation of the face is given below with the direction of the surface orthogonal. The orientation of the different surface areas can be such that different proportions of the spring force act on the blade carrier in the retraction direction (direction of the first position). Between the first position and an intermediate position, for example, a first force acts in the retraction direction on the blade carrier and between the intermediate position and the second position a second force or no force acts in the retraction direction on the blade carrier. The first force differs from the second force.

Der Klingenträger kann z.B. zwischen einer ersten Sicherheitsposition, einer Schneidposition und einer zweiten Klingenwechselposition bewegbar sein.For example, the blade carrier may be movable between a first safety position, a cutting position, and a second blade-changing position.

Die Position des Klingenträgers steuert z.B. den Kontakt des bewegbaren Elements mit dem jeweiligen Bereich der Gegenfläche.For example, the position of the blade carrier controls the contact of the movable element with the respective area of the mating surface.

Z.B. bei der Bewegung des Klingenträgers zwischen der hinteren Position und der Schneidposition kann das bewegbare Element mit einer Gegenfläche in Kontakt stehen, welche den Klingenträger in die hintere Position belastet. In der Klingenwechselposition kann das bewegbare Element derart mit einer Gegenfläche in Kontakt sein, dass der Klingenträger nicht oder lediglich mit geringer Kraft in Rückzugsrichtung belastet wird, so dass keine Bewegung stattfindet. Das kann z.B. der Fall sein, wenn der Klingenträger in eine Richtung belastet wird, in welche er keinen Freiheitsgrad aufweist.For example, when moving the blade carrier between the rear position and the cutting position, the movable element can be in contact with a counter surface which biases the blade carrier into the rear position. In the blade-changing position, the movable element can be in contact with a counter-surface in such a way that the blade carrier is not loaded, or loaded only with a small force, in the retraction direction, so that no movement takes place. This can be the case, for example, when the blade carrier is loaded in a direction in which it has no degree of freedom.

In einem zweiten Bereich der Gegenfläche kann z.B. die in Rückzugsrichtung auf den Klingenträger wirkende Klinge geringer sein als in einem ersten Bereich. Der erste Bereich schließt z.B. die Sicherheitsposition ein. Der zweite Bereich schließt z.B. die Schneidposition ein.In a second area of the counter surface, for example, the blade acting on the blade carrier in the retraction direction can be smaller than in a first area. The first area includes, for example, the security position. The second area includes, for example, the cutting position.

Eine erste Fläche, z.B. eine Fläche des Klingenträgers oder des Gehäuses, die mit dem bewegbaren Element in Kontakt steht, ist z.B. derart zu der Bewegungsrichtung des Klingenhalters gerichtet, dass der Klingenhalter in die hintere Position belastet wird. Die Flächenorthogonale ist z.B. parallel zu der Bewegungsrichtung des Klingenhalters gerichtet oder weist Anteile auf, die so gerichtet sind.A first surface, e.g., a surface of the blade carrier or the housing, which is in contact with the movable element, is directed towards the direction of movement of the blade holder, for example such that the blade holder is biased into the rear position. For example, the surface orthogonal is directed parallel to the direction of movement of the blade holder or has portions so directed.

Eine zweite Fläche, z.B. eine Fläche des Klingenträgers oder des Gehäuses, die mit dem bewegbaren Element in Kontakt steht, ist z.B. derart zu der Bewegungsrichtung des Klingenhalters gerichtet, dass der Klingenhalter nicht oder mit geringerer Kraft in die hintere Position belastet wird. Die Flächenorthogonale ist z.B. rechtwinklig zu der Bewegungsrichtung des Klingenhalters gerichtet oder weist Anteile auf, die so gerichtet sind. Wenn die Flächenorthogonale rechtwinklig zu der Bewegungsrichtung des Klingenhalters gerichtet ist, kann das bewegbare Element keine Kraft in Richtung der hinteren Position auf den Klingenhalter übertragen. Daher verbleibt der Klingenhalter in der eingestellten Position. Ein Anteil der Federkraft wird in diesem Fall in eine andere Richtung als die Rückzugsrichtung gelenkt und z.B. vom Gehäuse aufgenommen.A second surface, e.g. For example, the surface orthogonal is directed perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the blade holder, or has portions so directed. If the surface orthogonal is directed perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the blade holder, the movable element cannot transmit any force towards the rear position on the blade holder. Therefore, the blade holder remains in the adjusted position. In this case, part of the spring force is directed in a direction other than the return direction and is absorbed by the housing, for example.

Die Gegenfläche ist z.B. als Steuerfläche ausgebildet, die bei der Bewegung des Klingenträgers zwischen der hinteren Position und der Klingenwechselposition von dem bewegbaren Element abgefahren wird. Wenigstens zwei unterschiedlich ausgerichtete Flächen sind z.B. an einer Gegenfläche ausgebildet. In diesem Fall sind die ersten Rückstellmittel an dem Gehäuse oder dem Klingenhalter und die Gegenfläche der zweiten Rückstellmittel an dem jeweils anderen Teil, also Klingenhalter oder Gehäuse, gelagert. An der Gegenfläche kann ein Führungselement des bewegbaren Elements geführt sein. Je nach Ausrichtung der Gegenfläche, mit welcher das bewegbare Element in Kontakt steht, wird der Klingenhalter mit vollständiger Federkraft in die hintere Position belastet, wenn die Federkraft vollständig in Rückzugsrichtung auf den Klingenhalter wirkt, mit geringerer Kraft in die hintere Position belastet, wenn lediglich ein Teil der Federkraft in Rückzugsrichtung auf den Klingenhalter wirkt, oder gar nicht in die hintere Position belastet, wenn die Federkraft nicht in Rückzugsrichtung auf den Klingenhalter wirkt. Federkraft ist in diesem Sinne die von dem bewegbaren Element auf den Klingenträger übertragene Federkraft.The counter-surface is designed, for example, as a control surface, which is traversed by the movable element during the movement of the blade carrier between the rear position and the blade-changing position. At least two differently aligned surfaces are formed, for example, on a counter surface. In this case, the first restoring means are mounted on the housing or the blade holder and the mating surface of the second restoring means is mounted on the other part, ie the blade holder or the housing. A guide element of the movable element can be guided on the counter surface. Depending on the orientation of the mating surface with which the movable element is in contact, the Blade holder loaded with full spring force in the rear position when the spring force is fully on the blade holder in the retracting direction, loaded with less force in the rear position when only part of the spring force is on the blade holder in the retracting direction, or not in the rear position at all loaded when the spring force is not acting on the blade holder in the retraction direction. In this sense, spring force is the spring force transmitted from the movable element to the blade carrier.

Das bewegbare Element ist z.B. von einem Hebel, z.B. von einem zweiarmigen Hebel gebildet ist. Der Hebel ist um eine feste Schwenkachse schwenkbar oder um eine bewegbare Schwenkachse schwenkbar. Ein Hebelarm umfasst z.B. die Kontaktfläche. Z.B. ein zweiter Hebelarm ist von der Feder belastet.The movable element is formed, for example, by a lever, for example by a two-armed lever. The lever is pivotable about a fixed pivot axis or pivotable about a movable pivot axis. For example, a lever arm includes the contact surface. For example, a second lever arm is loaded by the spring.

Z.B. sind die Feder und das bewegbare Element an dem Klingenhalter befestigt, wobei ein Federende der Feder mit dem Klingenhalter und ein anderes Federende mit dem bewegbaren Element verbunden ist.For example, the spring and the moveable member are attached to the blade holder, with one spring end of the spring connected to the blade holder and another spring end connected to the moveable member.

Alternativ sind die Feder und das bewegbare Element an dem Gehäuse befestigt und ein Federende der Feder ist mit dem Gehäuse und ein anderes Federende mit dem bewegbaren Element verbunden.Alternatively, the spring and the movable element are fixed to the housing and one spring end of the spring is connected to the housing and another spring end is connected to the movable element.

Das Gehäuse ist z.B. mit wenigstens einem ersten Anschlag und der Klingenhalter mit einem Gegenanschlag versehen. Dabei legt der Kontakt von Anschlag und Gegenanschlag z.B. die Schneidposition fest. D.h., der Klingenhalter kann lediglich soweit aus der hinteren Position in Richtung Schneidposition bewegt werden, bis der Anschlag und der Gegenanschlag in Kontakt stehen und damit die Schneidposition festlegen.The housing is provided, for example, with at least one first stop and the blade holder with a counter stop. The contact between the stop and the counterstop determines the cutting position, for example. This means that the blade holder can only be moved from the rear position in the direction of the cutting position until the stop and the counter-stop are in contact and thus define the cutting position.

Z.B. ist das Gehäuse mit einem zweiten Anschlag versehen, welcher mit dem Gegenanschlag in einer Klingenwechselposition in Kontakt steht und eine weitere Bewegung in dem Bewegungssinn entgegen der hinteren Position verhindert. In der Klingenwechselposition ist der Klingenträger z.B. bezüglich der hinteren Position über die Schneidposition hinausbewegt.For example, the housing is provided with a second stop which contacts the counter stop in a blade changing position and prevents further movement in the direction of movement opposite to the rear position. In the blade-changing position, the blade carrier is moved beyond the cutting position with respect to the rear position, for example.

Z.B. ist ein Anschlag des Gehäuses, welcher die Schneidposition definiert, über eine erste Bewegungsbahn und ein Anschlag, der die Klingenwechselposition definiert, über eine zweite Bewegungsbahn erreichbar. Z.B. ist ein Bereich des Klingenträgers derart flexibel bewegbar gelagert, dass der Gegenanschlag zwischen der ersten Bewegungsbahn und der zweiten Bewegungsbahn bewegbar ist. Der Gegenanschlag kann z.B. mittels einer Betätigung zwischen den Bewegungsbahnen verlagert werden. Wenn sich dann der Gegenanschlag auf der ersten Bewegungsbahn bewegt, ist die Bewegung von dem ersten Anschlag begrenzt, bewegt sich der Gegenanschlag auf der zweiten Bewegungsbahn, ist die Bewegung von dem zweiten Anschlag begrenzt.For example, a stop of the housing, which defines the cutting position, can be reached via a first movement path and a stop, which defines the blade changing position, can be reached via a second movement path. For example, an area of the blade carrier is mounted so that it can be flexibly moved in such a way that the counter-stop can be moved between the first path of movement and the second path of movement. The counter-stop can be shifted between the movement paths by means of an actuation, for example. Then, when the counter-stop moves on the first path of movement, the movement is limited by the first stop, when the counter-stop moves on the second path of movement, the movement is limited by the second stop.

Die erste Bewegungsbahn und die zweite Bewegungsbahn können derart von einer Wand voneinander getrennt sein, dass der Gegenanschlag sich - zumindest in einem Bewegungsbereich - nicht zwischen der ersten Bewegungsbahn und der zweiten Bewegungsbahn bewegen kann. Z.B. kann der Gegenanschlag in der hinteren Position zwischen der ersten Bewegungsbahn und der zweiten Bewegungsbahn bewegt werden.The first trajectory and the second trajectory can be separated from one another by a wall in such a way that the counter-stop cannot move between the first trajectory and the second trajectory, at least in one range of movement. For example, in the rear position, the counter-stop can be moved between the first path of movement and the second path of movement.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung, auch unter Bezugnahme auf die schematischen Zeichnungen, beispielhaft beschrieben. Dabei werden der Übersichtlichkeit halber - auch soweit unterschiedliche Ausführungsbespiele betroffen sind - gleiche oder vergleichbare Teile oder Elemente oder Bereiche mit gleichen Bezugszeichen, teilweise unter Hinzufügung kleiner Buchstaben oder Hochkommata, bezeichnet.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described by way of example in the following description of the figures, also with reference to the schematic drawings. In this case, for the sake of clarity - even if different exemplary embodiments are concerned - the same or comparable parts are used or elements or areas are denoted by the same reference numbers, sometimes with the addition of small letters or inverted commas.

Merkmale, die nur in Bezug auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben, dargestellt oder offenbart sind, können im Rahmen der Erfindung auch bei jedem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen werden. Derartig geänderte Ausführungsbeispiele sind - auch wenn sie in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellt sind - von der Erfindung mit umfasst.Features that are only described, illustrated or disclosed in relation to one exemplary embodiment can also be provided in any other exemplary embodiment of the invention within the scope of the invention. Such modified exemplary embodiments are included in the invention, even if they are not shown in the drawings.

Alle offenbarten Merkmale sind für sich erfindungswesentlich. In die Offenbarung der Anmeldung wird hiermit auch der Offenbarungsinhalt der zitierten Druckschriften und der beschriebenen Vorrichtungen des Standes der Technik inhaltlich vollumfänglich mit einbezogen, auch zu dem Zweck, einzelne oder mehrere Merkmale der dort offenbarten Gegenstände in einen oder in mehrere Ansprüche der vorliegenden Anmeldung mit aufzunehmen. Auch solche geänderten Ausführungsbeispiele sind - auch wenn sie in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellt sind - von der Erfindung mit umfasst.All disclosed features are essential to the invention. The disclosure of the application also includes the content of the disclosure of the cited documents and the described devices of the prior art in its entirety, also for the purpose of including one or more features of the objects disclosed there in one or more claims of the present application . Such modified exemplary embodiments are also included in the invention, even if they are not shown in the drawings.

In den schematischen Fig. zeigen:

  • Fig. 1, eine Seitenansicht des komplett montierten Messers, wobei sich der Klingenhalter in einer hinteren Position befindet,
  • Fig. 2 in Anlehnung an Fig. 1 das Messer, wobei sich der Klingenhalter in einer Schneidposition befindet,
  • Fig. 3 in Anlehnung an Fig. 1 das Messer, wobei sich der Klingenhalter in einer Klingenwechselposition befindet und eine Klingenabdeckung von dem Klingensitz abgeschwenkt ist,
  • Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht des Messers gemäß Fig. 1, wobei ein Gehäuseteil nicht dargestellt ist,
  • Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht des Messers gemäß Fig. 2, wobei ein Gehäuseteil nicht dargestellt ist,
  • Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht des Messers gemäß Fig. 2, wobei ein Gehäuseteil nicht dargestellt ist.
  • Fig. 7 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie A - A in Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 8 eine Ausschnittdarstellung gemäß Ausschnittlinie B in Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 9 eine Frontansicht gemäß Ansichtspfeil C in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 10 eine Seitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des Messers in Anlehnung an Fig. 4 in der hinteren Position, wobei die Rückstellvorrichtung an dem Klingenhalter und die Gegenfläche an dem Gehäuse ausgebildet sind,
  • Fig. 11 eine Seitenansicht des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels in Anlehnung an Fig. 5 in der Schneidposition,
  • Fig. 12 eine Seitenansicht des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels in Anlehnung an Fig. 6 in der Klingenwechselposition.
The schematic figures show:
  • 1 , a side view of the fully assembled knife, with the blade holder in a rearward position,
  • 2 based on 1 the knife with the blade holder in a cutting position,
  • 3 based on 1 the knife with the blade holder in a blade-changing position and a blade cover pivoted away from the blade seat,
  • 4 a side view of the knife according to FIG 1 , whereby a housing part is not shown,
  • figure 5 a side view of the knife according to FIG 2 , whereby a housing part is not shown,
  • 6 a side view of the knife according to FIG 2 , wherein a housing part is not shown.
  • 7 a sectional view according to section line A - A in 4 ,
  • 8 a detail view according to detail line B in 6 ,
  • 9 a front view according to view arrow C in 1 ,
  • 10 a side view of a second embodiment of the knife based on FIG 4 in the rear position, with the reset device being formed on the blade holder and the mating surface on the housing,
  • 11 a side view of the second embodiment based on FIG figure 5 in the cutting position,
  • 12 a side view of the second embodiment based on FIG 6 in the blade changing position.

Das Messer insgesamt ist in den Fig. mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 bezeichnet.The knife as a whole is denoted by the reference numeral 10 in the figures.

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des Messers 10 umfasst gemäß Fig. 1 ein Gehäuse 11 mit einem ersten Gehäuseteil 12 und einem zweiten Gehäuseteil 23. Außerdem umfasst das Messer 10 einen Klingenhalter 13 mit einer Klinge 14, die mit einer Schneide 25 versehen ist. Das Gehäuseteil 23 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel als Hülse ausgebildet und umfasst eine vordere Öffnung 15 sowie eine hintere Öffnung 16. Eine Längsmittelachse des Messers 10 ist mit m bezeichnet.A first embodiment of the knife 10 comprises according to 1 a housing 11 with a first housing part 12 and a second housing part 23. The knife 10 also includes a blade holder 13 with a blade 14 which is provided with a cutting edge 25. In the present exemplary embodiment, the housing part 23 is designed as a sleeve and comprises a front opening 15 and a rear opening 16. A central longitudinal axis of the blade 10 is denoted by m.

Zur Betätigung des Klingenhalters 13 sind zudem an einem vorderen Endbereich 18 des Messers 10 beidseitig in dem Gehäuseteil 23 Aussparungen 17a und 17b ausgebildet. An einem hinteren Endbereich 19 des Messers 10 sind zwei Aussparungen in dem Gehäuseteil 23 vorgesehen, wovon eine Aussparung 20 für die Betätigung eines Betätigungselements 21 und eine andere Aussparung 22 eine Durchgangsöffnung bildet, die zum Aufhängen des Messers 10 dient.In order to actuate the blade holder 13 , recesses 17a and 17b are also formed on both sides in the housing part 23 on a front end region 18 of the knife 10 . Two recesses are provided in the housing part 23 at a rear end region 19 of the knife 10, one recess 20 for the actuation of an actuating element 21 and another recess 22 forming a through-opening which is used for hanging the knife 10.

Das Gehäuseteil 23 ist in dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel von einem Blechteil gebildet, kann aber auch aus anderen Materialien gefertigt sein und eine andere Form aufweisen. Auf das Material und die äußere Gestalt des Gehäuses kommt es bei der Erfindung nicht an, wie im Folgenden deutlich wird.In the present exemplary embodiment, the housing part 23 is formed by a sheet metal part, but it can also be made from other materials and have a different shape. The invention does not depend on the material and the external shape of the housing, as will become clear below.

Gemäß Fig. 1 befindet sich der Klingenhalter 13 in der hinteren Position. Indem der Klingenhalter 13 durch die Aussparungen 17a und 17b gegriffen wird, kann der Klingenhalter 13 relativ zu dem Gehäuse 11 aus der hinteren Position in Richtung x1 in eine Schneidposition verlagert werden, die in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Bei nachlassender Kraft auf den Klingenhalter 13 wird der Klingenhalter 13 automatisch von einer Rückstellvorrichtung 34 in die hintere Position bewegt, wenn er sich in einer Position zwischen der hinteren Position und der Schneidposition befindet, wobei die Schneidposition eingeschlossen ist.According to 1 the blade holder 13 is in the rear position. By gripping the blade holder 13 by the recesses 17a and 17b, the blade holder 13 can be displaced relative to the housing 11 from the rear position in direction x1 to a cutting position shown in 2 is shown. Upon release of the force on the blade holder 13, the blade holder 13 is automatically moved to the rear position by a return device 34 when it is in a position between the rear position and the cutting position, including the cutting position.

Um ein Abrutschen der Finger zu verhindern, weist der Klingenhalter 13 an seinem vorderen Endbereich beidseitig eine Struktur 24 auf, die den Fingern einen guten Halt gibt.In order to prevent the fingers from slipping off, the blade holder 13 has a structure 24 on both sides of its front end area, which gives the fingers a good hold.

Außerdem weist der Klingenhalter 13 einen schrägen Rücksprung 26 auf, durch welchen ein Bereich der Schneide 25 der Klinge 14 freiliegt. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel weist das Messer 10 eine rechteckige Klinge 14 auf, grundsätzlich ist aber jede Form von Klingen, wie Trapezklinge, Hakenklinge usw. verwendbar.In addition, the blade holder 13 has an inclined recess 26 through which a portion of the cutting edge 25 of the blade 14 is exposed. In the present exemplary embodiment, the knife 10 has a rectangular blade 14, but in principle any shape of blade, such as a trapezoidal blade, hooked blade, etc., can be used.

In Fig. 1 ist ebenfalls zu erkennen, dass das Gehäuseteil 23 Wulste 54 ausbildet, die in dem Innenraum des Gehäuseteils 23 Rücksprünge bilden, in welchen das Gehäuseteil 12 verrastet werden kann.In 1 It can also be seen that the housing part 23 forms bulges 54, which form recesses in the interior of the housing part 23, in which the housing part 12 can be latched.

Gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Klingenhalter 13 über die Schneidposition hinaus in Richtung x1 in eine Klingenwechselposition bewegt. Der Klingenträger 13 kann nur über die Schneidposition hinaus bewegt werden, wenn zuvor das Betätigungselement 21 betätigt wurde. Der Klingenhalter 13 umfasst in bekannter Weise ein Grundteil 27, in dem ein Klingensitz 29 ausgebildet ist, sowie ein Abdeckteil 28, welches mit dem Grundteil 27 ein Schwenkgelenk G1 bildet. Zwischen dem Grundteil 27 und dem Abdeckteil 28 ist die Klinge 14 gehalten. In der Klingenwechselposition ist es möglich, das Abdeckteil 28 um eine Schwenkachse a1 von einem Klingensitz 29 weg aus einer Schließposition gemäß der Fig. 1 und 2 in eine Offenposition gemäß Fig. 3 zu schwenken.According to 3 the blade holder 13 is moved beyond the cutting position in direction x1 to a blade changing position. The blade carrier 13 can only be moved beyond the cutting position if the actuating element 21 has been actuated beforehand. The blade holder 13 comprises, in a known manner, a base part 27 in which a blade seat 29 is formed, and a cover part 28 which, together with the base part 27, forms a swivel joint G1. The blade 14 is held between the base part 27 and the cover part 28 . In the blade changing position, it is possible to move the cover part 28 around a pivot axis a1 away from a blade seat 29 from a closed position according to FIG Figures 1 and 2 to an open position according to 3 to pan.

In Fig. 3 ist erkennbar, dass die Klinge 14 mit einer langlochförmigen Öffnung 30 versehen ist, und der Klingensitz 29 einen komplementären Vorsprung 31 umfasst, der die Klinge 14 durchgreifen und in einen Rücksprung 32 des Abdeckteils 28 eintauchen kann, wenn sich das Abdeckteil 28 in der Schließposition befindet. Auf diese Weise kann die Klinge 14 formschlüssig in dem Klingenhalter 13 gehalten werden. Befindet sich das Abdeckteil 28 in der Offenposition, ist eine Entnahme der Klinge 14 aus dem Klingensitz 29 sowie der Austausch gegen eine neue Klinge 14 möglich.In 3 it can be seen that the blade 14 is provided with a slot-shaped opening 30 and the blade seat 29 comprises a complementary projection 31 which can reach through the blade 14 and dip into a recess 32 of the cover part 28 when the cover part 28 is in the closed position . In this way, the blade 14 can be held in the blade holder 13 in a form-fitting manner. If the cover part 28 is in the open position, it is a removal the blade 14 from the blade seat 29 and the exchange for a new blade 14 is possible.

Befindet sich der Klingenhalter 13 zwischen der hinteren Position und der Schneidposition wird das Abdeckteil 28 von gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden 33a und 33b (nicht in Zeichnungen) des Gehäuses 11 in der Schließposition gehalten.When the blade holder 13 is between the rearward position and the cutting position, the cover member 28 is held in the closed position by opposite side walls 33a and 33b (not shown) of the housing 11.

Fig. 4 zeigt das Messer 10 ohne Gehäuse 11, wobei sich der Klingenhalter 13 gemäß Fig. 1 in der hinteren Position befindet. Eine Rückstellvorrichtung 34 belastet den Klingenhalter 13 in die hintere Position, wenn der Klingenhalter 13 sich in der hinteren Position, der Schneidposition oder zwischen den vorgenannten Positionen befindet. 4 shows the knife 10 without the housing 11, the blade holder 13 according to FIG 1 is in the rear position. A return device 34 biases the blade holder 13 to the rearward position when the blade holder 13 is in the rearward position, the cutting position, or between the foregoing positions.

Die hintere Position ist durch den Kontakt zwischen Anschlagschultern 46 des Klingenhalters 13 und einer Fläche 47 der Basis 12 definiert (vergleiche die Fig. 4 und 5). Erste Rückstellmittel der Rückstellvorrichtung 34 umfassen eine Feder 35, die in den Fig. 4, 5 und 6 lediglich mittels einer Strichpunktlinie angedeutet ist. Außerdem umfassen die ersten Rückstellmittel der Rückstellvorrichtung 34 ein bewegbares Element, hier in Form eines Hebels 36. Als Feder 35 umfasst die Rückstellvorrichtung 34 eine Zugfeder in Gestalt einer Schraubenfeder. Diese ist mit einem Federende an einer Federbefestigung 37 der Basis 12 und mit einem anderen Federende an einer Federbefestigung 38 des Hebels 36 angebunden.The rearward position is defined by contact between abutment shoulders 46 of blade holder 13 and a surface 47 of base 12 (see Figs 4 and 5 ). First return means of the return device 34 include a spring 35 in the 4 , 5 and 6 is only indicated by a chain line. In addition, the first restoring means of the restoring device 34 include a movable element, here in the form of a lever 36. As the spring 35, the restoring device 34 includes a tension spring in the form of a helical spring. This is connected to a spring attachment 37 of the base 12 with one spring end and to a spring attachment 38 of the lever 36 with another spring end.

Der Hebel 36 ist um eine Schwenkachse a2 in die Richtungen u1 und u2 schwenkbar an der Basis 12 gelagert und bildet mit der Basis 12 ein Schwenkgelenk G2. Die Feder 35 belastet den Hebel 36 in Richtung u2. In der hinteren Position gemäß Fig. 4 unterliegt die Feder 35 einer Vorspannung. Der Hebel 36 umfasst einen Vorsprung 40, der in dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel als zylindrischer Zapfen ausgebildet ist, aber auch von anderer Gestalt sein kann. Eine Außenfläche 41 des Vorsprungs 40 steht mit einer Gegenfläche 42 des Klingenhalters 13 in Kontakt. Die Gegenfläche ist von zweiten Rückstellmitteln umfasst.The lever 36 is pivoted about a pivot axis a2 in the directions u1 and u2 on the base 12 and forms a pivot joint G 2 with the base 12 . The spring 35 loads the lever 36 in direction u2. In the rear position according to 4 subject to the spring 35 is biased. The lever 36 includes a projection 40, which is designed as a cylindrical pin in the present embodiment, but can also be of a different shape. An outer surface 41 of the projection 40 is in contact with a mating surface 42 of the blade holder 13 . The counter-surface is surrounded by second restoring means.

Die Gegenfläche 42 bildet im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel eine Steuerfläche, mit welcher in Abhängigkeit der Position des Vorsprungs 40 relativ zu der Gegenfläche auf den Anteil der Federkraft der Feder 35 Einfluss genommen werden kann, welcher den Klingenhalter 13 in Richtung x2 belastet.In the present exemplary embodiment, the mating surface 42 forms a control surface with which, depending on the position of the projection 40 relative to the mating surface, the proportion of the spring force of the spring 35 can be influenced, which loads the blade holder 13 in direction x2.

Die Gegenfläche 42 des Klingenhalters 13 umfasst einen Flächenbereich 43, dessen Flächenorthogonale etwa parallel zu den Bewegungsrichtungen x1 und x2 des Klingenhalters 13 gerichtet ist. Außerdem umfasst die Gegenfläche 42 einen Flächenbereich 45, dessen Flächenorthogonale etwa rechtwinklig zu den Bewegungsrichtungen x1 und x2 gerichtet ist. Ein Übergangsbereich 44 weist zu dem Bereich 43 und zu dem Bereich 45 einen Winkel von ca. 45° auf. Der Übergangsbereich 44 ist in Bezug auf die Bewegungsrichtungen des Vorsprungs 40 entlang der Steuerfläche 42 zwischen den Flächenbereichen 43 und 45 angeordnet.The mating surface 42 of the blade holder 13 comprises a surface area 43 whose surface orthogonal is directed approximately parallel to the directions of movement x1 and x2 of the blade holder 13 . In addition, the mating surface 42 includes a surface area 45, the surface orthogonal of which is directed approximately at right angles to the directions of movement x1 and x2. A transition area 44 has an angle of approximately 45° to area 43 and to area 45 . The transition area 44 is arranged between the surface areas 43 and 45 with respect to the directions of movement of the projection 40 along the control surface 42 .

Während der Bewegung des Klingenhalters 13 aus der hinteren Position gemäß Fig. 4 in die Schneidposition gemäß Fig. 5 liegt die Außenfläche 41 des Vorsprungs 40 an dem ersten Bereich 43 der Gegenfläche 42 an. Aufgrund der Drehbewegung des Hebels 36 in Richtung u1 entgegen der Kraft der Feder 35 in Richtung u1 bewegt sich der Vorsprung 40 aus der Position gemäß Fig. 4 über die Position die in Fig. 5 mit 40" bezeichnet ist in die Position die in Fig. 5 mit 40 bezeichnet ist.During the movement of the blade holder 13 from the rear position according to FIG 4 to the cutting position according to figure 5 the outer surface 41 of the projection 40 rests against the first region 43 of the counter surface 42 . Due to the rotary movement of the lever 36 in the direction u1 against the force of the spring 35 in the direction u1, the projection 40 moves out of the position according to FIG 4 about the position the in figure 5 marked with 40" is in the position in figure 5 is denoted by 40.

Die Schneidposition ist erreicht, wenn sich ein Fortsatz 49 des Klingenhalters 13 auf einer ersten Bewegungsbahn in Kontakt mit einer Gegenfläche eines ersten Anschlags 48 der Basis 12 in Kontakt bewegt hat.The cutting position is reached when an extension 49 of the blade holder 13 on a first trajectory in contact with a Counter surface of a first stop 48 of the base 12 has moved into contact.

Soll der Klingenhalter 13 in eine Klingenwechselposition bewegt werden, so kann der Vorsprung 48 mittels des Betätigungselements 21 elastisch in Richtung y1 auf eine zweite Bewegungsbahn bewegt werden, die von der ersten Bewegungsbahn durch eine Wand 55 getrennt ist. Der Klingenhalter 13 ist dann auf der zweiten Bewegungsbahn in die Klingenwechselposition gemäß Fig. 6 bewegbar. Die Bewegung des Klingenhalters 13 in Richtung x1 ist begrenzt durch den Kontakt der Fläche des Fortsatzes 49 mit einer Haltefläche eines zweiten Anschlags 50. Wird der Klingenhalter 13 in Richtung x2 in die hintere Position zurückbewegt, bewegt sich der Fortsatz 49 aufgrund seiner elastischen Rückstellkraft automatisch wieder auf die erste Bewegungsbahn.If the blade holder 13 is to be moved into a blade-changing position, the projection 48 can be moved elastically by means of the actuating element 21 in direction y1 onto a second path of movement, which is separated from the first path of movement by a wall 55 . The blade holder 13 is then on the second path of movement according to the blade changing position 6 movable. The movement of the blade holder 13 in direction x1 is limited by the contact of the surface of the extension 49 with a holding surface of a second stop 50. If the blade holder 13 is moved back to the rear position in direction x2, the extension 49 automatically moves again due to its elastic restoring force on the first trajectory.

Während der Bewegung des Klingenhalters 13 zwischen der Schneidposition und der Klingenwechselposition gleitet der Vorsprung 40 von dem ersten Bereich 43 über den Übergangsbereich 44 auf den zweiten Bereich 45. Die Flächenorthogonale des zweiten Bereichs 45 ist rechtwinklig zu den Bewegungsrichtungen x1, x2 des Klingenhalters 13 gerichtet, so dass keine Kräfte von dem Hebel 36 auf den Klingenhalter 13 übertragbar sind, die den Klingenhalter in Richtung x2 belasten. Der Klingenwechsel kann daher durchgeführt werden, ohne dass der Klingenhalter 13 entgegen der Federkraft der Feder 35 in der Klingenwechselposition gehalten werden muss. Die Federkraft, die von dem Hebel 36 auf den Klingenträger übertragen wird, wird in dieser Position des Vorsprungs 40 von dem Gehäuseteil 23 aufgenommen.During the movement of the blade holder 13 between the cutting position and the blade-changing position, the projection 40 slides from the first area 43 via the transition area 44 to the second area 45. The surface orthogonal of the second area 45 is directed at right angles to the movement directions x1, x2 of the blade holder 13. so that no forces can be transferred from the lever 36 to the blade holder 13 which would load the blade holder in the direction x2. The blade change can therefore be carried out without the blade holder 13 having to be held in the blade change position against the spring force of the spring 35 . The spring force, which is transmitted from the lever 36 to the blade carrier, is absorbed by the housing part 23 in this position of the projection 40 .

Ist der Klingenwechsel beendet, wird der Klingenhalter 13 aus der Klingenwechselposition manuell relativ zu der Basis 12 in Richtung x2 bewegt. Der Vorsprung 40 gleitet dann in umgekehrter Richtung von dem Bereich 45 der Gegenfläche 42 über den Übergangsbereich 44 auf den Bereich 43. Bei Erreichen des Übergangsbereichs 44 übt der Hebel 36 wieder eine Kraft in Richtung x2 auf den Klingenhalter 13 aus, so dass dann die weitere Bewegung des Klingenhalters 13 in Richtung x2 bis zum Erreichen der hinteren Position nicht mehr aktiv durch den Benutzer vorgenommen werden muss, sondern automatisch durch die Rückstellkraft der Feder 35 erfolgt, die den Hebel 36 in Richtung u2 belastet. Die hintere Position ist erreicht, wenn die Anschlagschultern 46 an den Flächen 47 des zweiten Gehäuseteils 23 anschlagen.When the blade change is complete, the blade holder 13 is manually moved from the blade change position relative to the base 12 in direction x2. The projection 40 then slides in the reverse direction from the area 45 of the mating surface 42 via the transition area 44 to the Area 43. When the transition area 44 is reached, the lever 36 again exerts a force in the direction x2 on the blade holder 13, so that the further movement of the blade holder 13 in the direction x2 until the rear position is reached can no longer be actively carried out by the user must, but takes place automatically by the restoring force of the spring 35, which loads the lever 36 in direction u2. The rear position is reached when the stop shoulders 46 hit the surfaces 47 of the second housing part 23 .

Die Montage des Messers wird z.B. folgendermaßen durchgeführt. Auf einen die Schwenkachse a2 ausbildenden Zapfen 51 der Basis 12 wird der Hebel 36 aufgesteckt. Die Feder 35 wird an dem Hebel 36 und an der Basis 12 befestigt. An dem Grundteil 27 des Klingenhalters 13 wird das Abdeckteil 28 montiert.The assembly of the knife is carried out, for example, as follows. The lever 36 is slipped onto a pin 51 of the base 12 forming the pivot axis a2. Spring 35 is attached to lever 36 and base 12 . On the base part 27 of the blade holder 13, the cover part 28 is mounted.

Anschließend wird der Klingenhalter 13 in die Basis 12 eingeschoben und der Vorsprung 40 des Hebels 36 wird in Anlage an den Bereich 45 gebracht. Durch weiteres Einschieben in Richtung x2 gelangt er in Anlage an den Übergangsbereich 44, woraufhin sich der Klingenhalter 13 automatisch in die hintere Position bewegt.Subsequently, the blade holder 13 is pushed into the base 12 and the projection 40 of the lever 36 is brought into abutment with the area 45 . By pushing it in further in direction x2, it comes into contact with the transition area 44, whereupon the blade holder 13 automatically moves into the rear position.

Danach kann die Baugruppe aus Basis 12 und Klingenhalter 13 in die hintere Öffnung 16 des Gehäuses 11 eingeführt werden, bis eine Anschlagfläche 52 der Basis 12 an einer hinteren Stirnfläche 53 des Gehäuses 11 anschlägt und das Gehäuseteil 12 mit dem Gehäuseteil 23 verrastet ist.Thereafter, the assembly of base 12 and blade holder 13 can be inserted into the rear opening 16 of the housing 11 until a stop surface 52 of the base 12 abuts a rear face 53 of the housing 11 and the housing part 12 is locked to the housing part 23.

Die Klinge 14 kann dann montiert werden, indem der Klingenhalter 13 wie oben beschrieben in die Klingenwechselposition bewegt wird.The blade 14 can then be installed by moving the blade holder 13 to the blade changing position as described above.

In den Fig. 10 bis 12 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des Messers dargestellt, welches sich lediglich dadurch von dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet, dass die Feder 35' und der Hebel 36' an dem Klingenhalter 13' und die Steuerfläche 42' an dem Gehäuseteil 12' ausgebildet sind. Ansonsten wurden die entsprechenden Bauteile oder Elemente mit den Nummern versehen, die auch bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel verwendet wurden, wobei diese Nummern zusätzlich ein Hochkomma enthalten.In the Figures 10 to 12 a second embodiment of the knife is shown, which only thereby differs from the first The embodiment differs in that the spring 35' and the lever 36' are formed on the blade holder 13' and the control surface 42' on the housing part 12'. Otherwise, the corresponding components or elements have been provided with the numbers that were also used in the first exemplary embodiment, these numbers additionally containing a single quote.

Claims (12)

  1. Knife, comprising a housing (11) and a blade holder (13) that is movable between a first position and a second position in the housing (11), comprising a return device (34), by means of which the blade holder (13) is loaded into the rear position relative to the housing in at least one region of the movement of the blade holder (13), characterized in that the return device (34) comprises first return means which include a spring (35) and a movable element (36) which is connected to the spring and is loaded in a movement direction by the spring, wherein the first return means are mounted on the housing (11) or the blade holder (13), wherein the movable element interacts with at least one counter surface (42) of the blade holder (13) or housing (11), which counter surface (42) is comprised by second return means, and wherein the movable element is movable relative to the counter surface (42).
  2. Knife, characterized in that the spring (35) is configured as a compression spring or a tension spring.
  3. Knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable element interacts with at least one counter surface, wherein a first surface (43) is directed in the movement direction (x1, x2) of the blade holder (13) such that the blade holder (13) is loaded with a first force into the rear position, which is in a first force range.
  4. Knife according to claim 3, characterized in that a second surface (45) is directed in the movement direction (x1, x2) of the blade holder (13) such that the blade holder (13) is loaded with a second force into the rear position from a second force range that is in particular zero or is less than the first force, wherein the second force range differs from the first force range.
  5. Knife according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter surface (42) is assigned to a control path, which is travelled during the movement of the blade holder (13) between the rear position and the blade-change position.
  6. Knife according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable element is formed by a lever (36), in particular a two-armed lever.
  7. Knife according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring (35) and the movable element are fastened to the blade holder (13), and in that one end of the spring (35) is connected to the blade holder (13) and the other end of the spring is connected to the movable element.
  8. Knife according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spring (35) and the movable element are fastened to the housing (11), and in that one end of the spring (35) is connected to the housing (11) and the other end of the spring is connected to the movable element.
  9. Knife according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing is provided with a first stop (48) and a second stop (50) and the blade holder (13) is provided with a counter-stop (49), wherein the contact between the first stop (48) and the counter-stop (49) defines the cutting position and the contact between the second stop (50) and the counter-stop (49) defines the blade-change position.
  10. Knife according to claim 9, characterized in that the counter-stop can be moved towards the first stop on a first movement path and towards the second stop on a second movement path.
  11. Knife according to claim 10, characterized in that the first movement path and the second movement path are separated by a wall (55) at least in one region of the movement of the counter-stop (49).
  12. Knife according to any of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the counter-stop (49) and/or the wall (55) are flexibly mounted such that the counter-stop (49) can be moved between the first movement path and the second movement path.
EP20206852.4A 2019-11-21 2020-11-11 Blade Active EP3827938B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102019131546.8A DE102019131546A1 (en) 2019-11-21 2019-11-21 knife

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EP3827938A1 EP3827938A1 (en) 2021-06-02
EP3827938B1 true EP3827938B1 (en) 2022-07-20

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US (1) US11453135B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3827938B1 (en)
CN (1) CN112824066B (en)
DE (1) DE102019131546A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2927399T3 (en)

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DE102019131546A1 (en) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-27 Martor Kg knife

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19723279C1 (en) * 1997-06-04 1998-04-23 Beermann Kg Martor Argentax Knife for e.g. cutting of packaging cartons
FR2810574B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2002-10-31 Mure & Peyrot AUTOMATICALLY RETRACTABLE BLADE CUTTER
FR2826898B1 (en) * 2001-07-06 2003-09-19 Gerard Tremblay RETRACTABLE BLADE CUTTING DEVICE
DE102004063045B3 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-08 Martor Kg knife
DE202004020044U1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-04-27 Martor Kg Safety knife, with a blade retracted into a housing against a spring, has a movement converter and lateral play between the blade carrier and the blade operating section
JP4851242B2 (en) * 2006-06-06 2012-01-11 オルファ株式会社 Safety cutter knife
DE102007052060A1 (en) * 2007-10-30 2009-05-07 Martor Kg knife
DE102008019441A1 (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-10-22 Martor Kg knife
US8732957B2 (en) * 2008-04-17 2014-05-27 Martor Kg Retractile-blade utility knife
DE102010019119B8 (en) 2010-04-30 2013-01-31 Wilfried Gorski Cuttermesser
DE102010023680A1 (en) * 2010-06-14 2011-12-15 Martor Kg knife
DE102010023906A1 (en) 2010-06-16 2011-12-22 Martor Kg knife
DE102011007234B3 (en) * 2011-04-12 2012-09-20 Martor Kg Safety Knife
TWI466763B (en) * 2012-08-21 2015-01-01 Hacksaw & Knife Manufactory Co Ltd The blade automatically retracts the utility knife
DE102016000724A1 (en) 2016-01-23 2017-07-27 Audi Ag Gas pressure regulating device for the interior of a tire mounted on a rim
DE102016008724A1 (en) * 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Martor Kg knife
DE102017009630B4 (en) * 2017-10-16 2019-08-08 Martor Kg knife
DE102019131546A1 (en) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-27 Martor Kg knife

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CN112824066A (en) 2021-05-21
US11453135B2 (en) 2022-09-27
ES2927399T3 (en) 2022-11-04
EP3827938A1 (en) 2021-06-02
US20210170611A1 (en) 2021-06-10
DE102019131546A1 (en) 2021-05-27
CN112824066B (en) 2022-11-08

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