EP1914780B1 - Safety circuit breaker and locking device for a safety circuit breaker - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fuse switch disconnector with a housing and a lid pivotable relative to the housing, wherein in the lid fuses with hammer heads are inserted. The invention also relates to a locking device for use in such a fuse switch disconnector.

A typical fuse, as used in a fuse switch disconnector, is in the 1 and 2 shown. These are the NH fuse-link according to DIN 43620. From the actual housing 10 of the fuse are on two sides contact blade 12 away. If the fuse is held in a cover of a fuse switch-disconnector, the contact blades 12 are pressed into located in the housing of the fuse switch disconnectors, so that the fuse is connected. In order to hold the fuse in the lid, this includes above and below each a hammer head 14. The in FIG. 2 Hammerhead to be recognized in plan view is so called because it comprises a narrow neck 16 on which the actual head 18 is attached as a widened piece. Usually, a slot is provided in the lid, which is wider than the neck 16 but less wide than the head 18, so that the fuse can be pushed with the neck 16 along the slot, the head 18 then ensures the grip on the slot , Thus, while the head shape ensures that the fuse is not laterally movable, an additional measure must be taken to ensure that the fuse does not slip out again along the slot. Usually this purpose, the fuses, when they reach the end of the slot, pressed into retaining springs. When removing, they must then be pushed out by applying force to the fuse. This is awkward. From the EP 0 802 551 A2 is the Using a locking slide known that holds the fuses. The locking slide is actuated from outside the lid, which is also cumbersome. If it is pressed, the fuses partially fall out immediately, which can lead to unsafe situations.

The DE 78 08 071 U1 discloses in a second embodiment already a fuse switch disconnector with a push-on handle with NH fuse cartridges, which are provided at both ends with contact blades. The push-on handle also forms the cover of a fuse base and is attached to the fuse base of the circuit breaker, the contact blades contact with the associated contacts of the fuse base. Flanges arranged on the end faces of the security cartridge serve to insert and remove the security cartridge, the ends of which are T-shaped and secured in corresponding recesses of the push-on handle. Under the cover of the fuse base is to a fixed latch and a movable latch, which is displaceable by means of a rotatable about an axis rocker arm. The attachment of the handle is done by hanging the fixed latch in the T-shaped end of a flange extension. The movable latch is brought by operation of the rocker arm with the T-shaped end of the other flange extension engaged and held by a spring in the locked position.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a fuse switch disconnectors of the type mentioned with an easily manageable and security of the operator guaranteeing Verrieglungseinrichtung.

The object is achieved by a fuse switch disconnector according to claim 1 and the provision of a locking device according to claim 10.

The solution provides that the blocking element for each fuse comprises two rods which are perpendicular to the shaft and whose spacing is greater than the width of a hammer head of a fuse, which are pivoted around the hammer head for locking and carry locking components at their ends. The fuse switch disconnector according to the invention is thus characterized by a blocking element arranged on a shaft. The blocking element is tiltable in a receiving position in which it does not hinder insertion of the fuse. In a blocking position, however, the blocking element blocked the hammer head of a so inserted fuse in its mobility and thus prevents the inserted fuse (accidentally) is pushed out again. By using a shaft, for example, compared to a slider, the locking device is inexpensive to install, and it is sufficient only a slight rotation of the shaft to move from the blocking position to the receiving position.

Basically, the blockade element only has to ensure that the hammer head (with typical installation of a fuse switch-disconnector) is obstructed and locked in its upward mobility. The blockade element works back and forth and must have an obstacle of some sort to actually obstruct the hammer head. Two embodiments of the blocking element have proved to be particularly advantageous. Both have in common that the blocking element for each fuse comprises two rods (perpendicular) away from the shaft, whose distance is greater than the width of a hammer head of a fuse. The rods can thus swing around the hammer head and wear at its end then those components (locking components), the hammer head lock.

In the first embodiment, blocking pieces perpendicularly project from the ends of the bars, respectively, being aligned with each other, the ends of the blocking pieces being spaced apart by a distance smaller than the width of a hammer head of a fuse. The hammerhead can then move between the bars, but not between the blockade pieces. When the bars with the blockade pieces are folded over the hammer head, the blockade pieces prevent the hammer head from moving upwards and thus the fuse can be accidentally or deliberately removed. In the second embodiment, the two ends of the rods are simply connected to each other via a web, so instead of the two short Blockadestücken a long single blockage piece is provided. Due to the bridge, the hammer head can certainly not pass through, so that this blocking element ensures reliable locking.

In a preferred embodiment, the shaft is acted upon by spring force, in such a way that it assumes the blocking position under spring action, whereby the blocking element is optionally moved from the receiving position to the blocking position. As a result, the blocking position of the blocking element becomes the actual basic position, and the receiving position represents an exceptional situation.

This exceptional situation is preferably generated by means of the hammer head. For this purpose, a slot in each of the securing a slot in the lid is arranged on which the hammer head is inserted (in which thus the above-mentioned neck 16 of the hammer head 14 is inserted while the actual head 18 is passed beyond the slot). The shaft with the blocking element is then arranged relative to the slot so that when inserting the fuse a hammer head presses the blocking element against the spring force in the receiving position. The hammer head thus ensures that it can be pushed further. If the hammer head pushed far enough, he no longer pushes against the blockage element, and this snaps behind the hammer head under the spring force again and takes the blocking position. In this embodiment, the hammer head presses in a preferred embodiment of the blocking element either against the two aforementioned blockade pieces and thus tilts the blocking element and rotates the shaft, or he presses against the above-mentioned web.

The spring force can in principle be provided by a metal torsion spring. Preferably, it is provided by an element which is attracted to the shaft and which is supported in the cover. The locking device can thereby be provided and installed as a component, without having to pay too much attention to the spring loading.

In principle, instead of providing the spring force, it would also be possible to provide a lever element with which the blockage element is first tilted into the receiving position for insertion of the fuse and then tilted back into the blocking position or vice versa for removing the fuse into the receiving position and then possibly again back to the blocking position as a basic position. The spring force is advantageously used to define the blocking position as a basic position. As mentioned above, the hammerhead can make its own way on insertion. In order to facilitate the removal or even allow, the shaft may include an actuator even when spring loaded. This should be accessible to an operator from the front of the lid. By means of a simple lever action, the shaft can be turned by hand against the action of the spring force with the aid of the actuating element be so that can be transferred from the blocking position back to the receiving position, which is also a removal position, because even the removal of the fuse is not hindered. The actuating element may be a simple rod, which protrudes from the shaft in a direction other than the bars of the blocking element, and at whose end optionally a handle-like element is formed.

Standard fuse switch disconnectors include three fuses so that the cover is designed to accept three fuses. It is now possible that a single locking device is used for all three fuses, ie a single shaft is provided on which a blocking element is arranged for each fuse. Alternatively, each fuse may have its own shaft with a blocking element attached thereto. In principle, the single-shaft embodiment can be made more compact, while the embodiment in which a separate latch is used for each fuse may be more appropriate when the fuse-switch-disconnector is made slightly wider.

The locking device according to the invention for use in a fuse switch disconnector comprises a shaft and at least one arranged on the shaft blockage element for a hammer head of a fuse. Again, the blocking element preferably comprises two bars projecting perpendicularly from the shaft, and there is the alternative that a blocking piece is arranged at the ends of each bar, the blocking pieces of both bars facing each other, or that the ends of the bars are connected to each other via a web are.

It can be arranged directly on the shaft, a spring element, in particular a recessed spring bar. By providing the spring element directly on the locking device, the locking device as a whole in a Fuse switch disconnectors are installed, the spring force is then available directly after installation.

An actuating lever may be arranged as an additional element to the blocking element on the shaft. Regardless of whether the spring element is provided, such a lever may be useful to rotate the shaft.

The locking device may comprise a single blockage element so that three such locking devices are to be provided in a fuse switch disconnector with three fuses, but it may also comprise three blockage elements for hammer heads of fuses.

Preferably, the locking device is made in one piece from plastic, for. B. injection molded. Shaft and blocking element and optionally spring element and actuating lever are thus produced in one operation, and the locking device is available as a compact built element available.

FIG 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Sicherung ist, wie sie in einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungslasttrennschalter eingesetzt wird,

FIG 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Sicherung aus FIG 1 ist,

FIG 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungslasttrennschalter verwendeten Deckels von der Seite eines Gehäuses des Sicherungslasttrennschalters aus gesehen ist,

FIG 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungslasttrennschalter verwendeten Deckels aus FIG 3 von vorne ist,

FIG 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer möglichen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verrieglungseinrichtung ist,

FIG 6

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Deckels eines Sicherungslasttrennschalters mit eingesetzten Sicherungen und einer erfindungsgemäßen Verrieglungseinrichtung, die gegenüber der Ausführungsform aus FIG 5 leicht abgewandelt ist,

FIG 7

eine Vorderansicht des Deckels aus FIG 6 ist,

FIG 8

eine Schnittansicht gemäß dem Schnitt VIII-VIII aus FIG 7 ist,

FIG 9

den mit IX bezeichneten Ausschnitt aus FIG 7 darstellt,

FIG 10

den mit X bezeichneten Ausschnitt aus FIG 8 darstellt,

FIG 11

eine der FIG 10 entsprechende Darstellung ist, wobei FIG 10 die Verriegelungseinrichtung in der Blockierstellung und FIG 11 in der Aufnahmestellung zeigt,

FIG 12

eine den FIG 10 und FIG 11 entsprechende Darstellung ist, die die Federung der Verrieglungseinrichtung genauer veranschaulicht,

FIG 13

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Verriegelungseinrichtung gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung veranschaulicht,

FIG 14

eine Vorderansicht eines Deckels eines Sicherungslasttrennschalters mit einer Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Art von FIG 13 mit leichter Abwandlung dieser gegenüber veranschaulicht,

FIG 15

eine Schnittansicht durch den Deckel aus FIG 14 gemäß dem Schnitt XV-XV ist,

FIG 16

den in FIG 15 mit XVI bezeichneten Ausschnitt zeigt und

FIG 17

einen dem Ausschnitt von FIG 16 entsprechenden Ausschnitt zeigt, wobei FIG 16 die Verriegelungseinrichtung in der Blockierstellung und FIG 17 in der Aufnahmestellung veranschaulicht.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which:

FIG. 1

a side view of a fuse, as used in a fuse switch disconnector according to the invention,

FIG. 2

a plan view of the fuse FIG. 1 is

FIG. 3

a perspective view of a lid used in the fuse switch disconnector according to the invention seen from the side of a housing of the fuse switch-disconnector,

FIG. 4

a perspective view of a lid used in the fuse switch disconnector according to the invention from FIG. 3 from the front,

FIG. 5

is a perspective view of a possible embodiment of a Verrieglungseinrichtung invention,

FIG. 6

a perspective view of a cover of a fuse switch disconnectors with fuses inserted and a Verrieglungseinrichtung invention, compared to the embodiment of FIG. 5 slightly modified,

FIG. 7

a front view of the lid FIG. 6 is

FIG. 8

a sectional view according to the section VIII-VIII from FIG. 7 is

FIG. 9

the section marked IX FIG. 7 represents,

FIG. 10

the section marked with X from FIG. 8 represents,

FIG. 11

one of the FIG. 10 corresponding representation is, where FIG. 10 the locking device in the blocking position and FIG. 11 in the recording position shows

FIG. 12

a the 10 and FIG 11 corresponding representation is that illustrates the suspension of the Verrieglungseinrichtung in more detail,

FIG. 13

FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of a locking device according to another embodiment of the invention, FIG.

FIG. 14

a front view of a lid of a fuse switch disconnector with a locking device in the manner of FIG. 13 illustrated with slight modification of this opposite,

FIG. 15

a sectional view through the lid FIG. 14 according to section XV-XV,

FIG. 16

the in FIG. 15 with XVI marked section shows and

FIG. 17

a section of FIG. 16 corresponding section shows, where FIG. 16 the locking device in the blocking position and FIG. 17 illustrated in the photograph.

It is in the present invention to the inclusion of fuses in a cover of a fuse switch-disconnector and in particular their unintentionally releasable hold (lock) in the lid. The fuses were already mentioned at the beginning with reference to 1 and FIG. 2 described. 3 and FIG. 4 now show a cover of a fuse switch disconnector without such fuses. A generally designated 20 such lid includes three compartments 22, each serving to receive a fuse. The fuses are with the help of their hammer heads 14 (see. FIG. 1 ) in the lid. For each of the two hammer heads 14, a slot portion is provided, namely an upper slot portion 24 and a lower slot portion 26. Both slot portions 24 and 26 have a straight-line slot portion which is wider than the neck 16 of the hammer head 14 (see. FIG. 2 ), but is less wide than the head portion 18 of the hammer head 14. The slot portion merges into a funnel-shaped portion which reaches the width of the hammer head portion 18. Thus, the hammer head portion 18 through the slot portions 24 and 26 of the in FIG. 3 the viewer facing side to the in FIG. 4 the viewer facing side inserted are, and then the hammer head 14 is guided downwards, so that the neck 16 slides in the slot parts 24 and 26, while the head of a hammer head prevents the hammer head 14 can move back in the fuse box 22 again. There is a danger of the fuse slipping out of the lid 20 when the fuses from below get a shock, so that the hammer heads 14 again come in the area of the funnel-shaped broadening of the slot parts 24 and 26 and so on the way in which they the slot parts 24 and 26 have come in, fall out again.

It must therefore be prevented that the fuses and thus the hammer heads 14 in the slot parts 24 and 26 can move upwards. For this purpose, a rotatable locking device is provided which is rotatably mounted in a bearing 28.

Such a locking device 30 is in FIG. 5 shown. According to the specification of the rotatability of the Verrieglungseinrichtung 30 is the core thereof a shaft 32. Of the shaft 32 are three blocking elements 34 away. The blocking elements 34 consist of vertically projecting from the shaft 32 bars 36 and a connecting the ends of the bars web 38. In other direction than the blocking elements 34 are from the shaft 32 two bow-shaped spring elements (spring clip) 40 from. Furthermore, the locking device 30 comprises FIG. 5 two actuators 42, which are formed on the shaft in the manner of a plate, which comprise a grip element 44 for engaging.

The exact location of attachment of brackets 40 and actuators 42 is not critical. Notwithstanding the in FIG. 5 In the embodiment shown, the spring clips 40 can also be arranged somewhat further outwards, and the actuating elements 42 are then arranged between the bars 36.

Such a modified embodiment of a locking device 30 'is in the FIGS. 6 to 12 shown. The locking device 30 'differs from the locking device 30 FIG. 5 also in that the ends of the rods 36 are not connected to each other by a complete web, but that on each of the rods only a blockade piece 46 protrudes. The FIGS. 6 to 12 show the lid 20 FIG. 3 respectively. FIG. 4 with inserted fuses 48. The FIGS. 6 to 10 further show the locking device 30 'each in a blocking position. A hammer head 14 is in the slot portion 26 (see. 3 and 4 ) shown inserted. The actual head portion 18 is, as mentioned above, wider than the lower portion of the slot portion 26 and must be prevented from slipping back up into the funnel-shaped portion of the slot portion 26 upwards. As in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 Particularly well seen, the blocking pieces 46 are located just above the hammer head 14 and prevent it from sliding upwards. The rods 36 in this case surround the hammer head (see. FIG. 9 ), which is possible because their distance is greater than the width of the hammer head. (The width of the distance between the blocking pieces 46 is smaller than the width of the hammer head, as in FIG FIG. 9 good to see.)

The spring clips 40 are, as in FIG. 12 is shown supported in the lid 20. By the spring force, the shaft 32 is always rotated so that the blocking element occupies the blocking position with the rods 36 and the blocking pieces 46. The position accordingly FIG. 11 Can only be taken by force against the spring force. In the position according to FIG. 11 For example, the hammer head 14 of the fuse 48 can move upwards and thus be guided out of the slot part 26. The position according to FIG. 11 , in which the blocking element is in the receiving position (which is also removal position), is obtained, for example, that on the handle member 44 and thus the actuating element 42, a force is exerted on the shaft 32. As in FIG 9 As can be clearly seen, the grip element 44 is accessible to a user from the front side of the cover 20. When inserting the fuse, the operation of the handle member 44 is not required, because when the hammer head 14 in the slot portion 26 (see 3 and FIG. 4 ) is guided from top to bottom, he automatically pushes the blocking pieces 46 (or in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 5 the web 38) away, rotates the shaft 32, and a long movement of the hammer head 14 down is possible. Then snaps under the action of the spring clip 40, the shaft back to the starting position (blocking position), so that the in FIG. 10 shown situation in which the hammer head 14 is locked.

In the previously shown embodiments of the locking element, the locking element 30 and the locking element 30 ', a locking element is used to lock the hammer heads 14 of three fuses 48. In a modified embodiment, a locking element 50 is provided for each individual fuse. The components of the locking device 50 are basically interpretable as the corresponding components of the locking device 30 or 30 ', so that corresponding components with the same reference numbers as the components of the locking device 30 from FIG. 5 are provided. With the locking device 50, which must be provided for each fuse is one opposite the lid 20 from 3 and FIG. 4 slightly modified cover 20 'provide, in particular for each of the shafts 32' of the locking elements 50 'has its own camp in a modification of the bearing 28 from FIG. 4 must provide (not shown). In the installed state, three such locking devices 50 in the FIGS. 14 to 17 in an analogous representation to the 7, 8 . 10 and 11 shown. The FIGS. 14 to 16 show the locking element in the blocking position, in which a plate 38 ', which connects the bars 36' together, and which replaces the web 38 of the locking device 30 in this embodiment, is located exactly above a hammer head 14 and thus locks it. The springs push the shaft here in the blocking position. Again, the hammer head 14 pushes when inserting into the lid 20 'the plate 38' away, rotates the shaft 32 'and thus creates itself the way down until the hammer head 14, the plate 38' has passed along and the space between the Bars 36 'achieved. Since the hammer head is less wide than the distance of the bars 36 'of the locking device 50, then the spring element 40', the shaft 32 'back into the position according to FIG. 16 spend. To remove the hammer head 14 is accordingly FIG. 17 the handle member 44 operated by hand. As in FIG. 14 Good to see, this handle element 14 is easily accessible from the front. Then the fuse 48 can also be taken out again.

The embodiments of the locking device 30 or 30 'and 50 have in common that the shaft between the receiving position (which is equal to the removal position) and the blocking position must be rotated only by a small angle of about 15 to 20 degrees. The locking mechanism is therefore relatively inexpensive. The locking means 30, 30 'and 50 may be injection molded in one piece of plastic, thereby also being inexpensive.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

14

hammer heads

16

Neck of the hammer head 14

18

Head part of the hammer head 14

20, 20 '

cover

22

subjects

24

upper slot part

26

lower slot part

28

camp

30, 30 ', 50

locking devices

32, 32 '

waves

34, 34 '

blocking elements

36, 36 '

rods

38

web

38 '

Tile

40, 40 '

Spring elements (spring clip, spring rod)

42, 42 '

actuators

44, 44 '

handle element

46

blockade piece

48

fuses

Claims (18)

1. Safety circuit breaker with a housing and a cover (20, 20') able to be hinged in relation to the housing, wherein fuses (48) with striker heads (14) are able to be inserted into the cover (20),
   with a blocking element (34, 34') disposed on a shaft (32, 32'), which can be tilted into a receiving position, in which it does not hinder the insertion of the fuse (48), and that in a blocking position the striker head (14) of a fuse (48) thus inserted is blocked in its movement and thus the inserted fuse is prevented from being pushed out again, characterised in that the blocking element (34) for each fuse has two rods (36) projecting at right angles away from the shaft (32), between which the distance is greater than the width of a striker head (14) of a fuse (48), which are hinged for locking around the striker head and bear locking components at their ends.
2. Safety circuit breaker according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the locking components are blocking pieces (46) projecting away from the ends of the bars in each case, which are aligned towards each other, wherein their ends are spaced at a distance from one another which is smaller than the width of a striker head (14) of a fuse (48).
3. Safety circuit breaker according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the ends of the rods (36) are connected to one another via a web (38) or a small plate (38').
4. Safety circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the shaft (32, 32') has spring force applied to it, so that the blocking element (34, 34') is brought under spring force from the receiving position into the blocking position.
5. Safety circuit breaker according to claim 4,
   characterised in that
   a slot (26) in the cover (20) is assigned to each fuse (48), at which the striker head (14) is able to be inserted, wherein the shaft (32) with the blocking element (34) is disposed relative to the slot (26) so that, on insertion, a striker head (14) pushes the blocking element (34) against the spring force into the receiving position.
6. Safety circuit breaker according to claim 4 or 5,
   characterised in that
   the spring force is provided by an element (40, 40') attached to the shaft that is supported in the cover (20).
7. Safety circuit breaker according to one of claims 4 to 6,
   characterised in that
   an actuation element (42) is disposed on the shaft, which in the opened state is accessible inside the cover, and with the aid of which the shaft is able to be turned manually against the action of the spring force.
8. Safety circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cover (20) is designed (28) for receiving three fuses (48),
   characterised in that
   a single shaft (32) is provided in the cover, on which a blocking element (34) is disposed for each fuse (48).
9. Safety circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cover (20') is designed to receive three fuses (48),
   characterised in that
   a separate shaft (32') with blocking unit (34') arranged thereon is provided in the cover (20') for each fuse.
10. Locking device (30, 30', 50) for use in a safety circuit breaker, with a shaft (32, 32') and at least one blocking element (34, 34') for a striker head (14) of a fuse (48) disposed on the shaft,
    characterised in
    that the blocking element (34), for each fuse, has two bars (36) projecting at right angles away from the shaft (32), between which the distance is greater than the width of a striker head (14) of a fuse (48), which are hinged for locking around the striker head and bear locking components at their ends.
11. Locking device (30, 30', 50) according to claim 10, in which each blocking element (34, 34') comprises two bars (36, 36') projecting at right angles from the shaft (32, 32').
12. Locking device 30' according to claim 11, in which a blocking piece (46) is disposed at the end of each bar, wherein the blocking pieces (46) of both bars (36) point towards each other.
13. Locking device (30, 50) according to claim 11, in which the ends of the bars (36, 36') are connected to one another via a web (38) or a small plate (38').
14. Locking device (30, 30', 50) according to one of claims 10 to 13, in which a spring element (40, 40') is disposed on the shaft.
15. Locking device (30, 30', 50), in which the spring element is an attached spring bar (40') or spring clip (40).
16. Locking device (30, 30', 50) according to one of claims 10 to 15, in which at least one actuating lever (42) is disposed on the shaft.
17. Locking device (30, 30') according to one of claims 10 to 16, with three blocking elements (34) for striker heads (14) of fuses (48).
18. Locking device (30, 30', 50) according to one of claims 10 to 17, which is manufactured in one piece from plastic.

Images