EP3272477B1 - Knife - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a knife.

The knife comprises a housing serving as a handle and a blade carrier which is movably mounted on the housing, so that a blade held on the blade carrier between a safety position and a cutting position is movable.

In the DE 37 36 968 A1 a knife is described in which in a grip sleeve, a guide member is received, on which a blade carrier is guided such that it is movable between a safety position and a cutting position. A fixed to the guide member and the blade carrier spring loads the blade carrier in the safety position. The blade is held between two mutually movable plates of the blade carrier in a seat. The placement of the plates on inner walls of the grip sleeve prevents the plates from being removed from each other and the blade can be removed from the seat. A blade change is feasible by the guide member is pulled out with the blade carrier to the rear of the grip sleeve. The plates of the blade carrier can then be removed from each other and the used blade can be replaced.

The DE 10 2010 019 119 A1 discloses a knife according to the preamble of claim 1.

It was an object of the invention to provide a knife in which the blade change is easier to carry out.

The problem was solved by a knife having the features of claim 1.

The knife comprises a housing with at least one housing opening. The housing forms eg a knife handle. The knife includes a blade held on a blade carrier. The Blade carrier is mounted on the housing such that it is mounted so as to be translationally movable between at least one safety position, at least one cutting position and at least one blade changing position in the housing. It should be noted that, for example, there are several cutting positions, depending on how far the user moves the blade out of the housing. In the same way, there may be several blade changing positions, for example. Therefore, when hereinafter referred to as "cutting position" or "blade change position" is meant by way of example the cutting position or the blade changing position in which the blade carrier is moved maximum forward.

In the cutting position, the blade exits the housing opening and a cutting operation is feasible. In the blade changing position, the blade also projects out of the housing opening and the blade carrier is further moved out of the housing with respect to the cutting position. In the blade change position, the blade can be removed from the blade seat. In the cutting position and / or in the safety position, a removal of the blade from the blade seat, e.g. not possible.

In the safety position, the blade is retracted into the housing such that an edge of the blade is inaccessible to the user. It should also be mentioned at this point that there can be several safety positions. If, in the following, "safety position" is mentioned, this only by way of example means the safety position in which the blade carrier is moved back a maximum.

The blade carrier is loaded at least in all cutting positions of a spring in the safety position, wherein the spring is designed as a torsion spring. That is, the blade carrier is moved back to the safety position, as soon as a counterforce, the blade carrier in the Cutting position holds, not applicable. For example, the spring may be subject to a bias so that it already loads the blade carrier in the safety position, eg against a stop, and prevents the blade carrier from unintentionally moving out of the safety position.

A first leg of the spring is supported e.g. indirectly or directly on the blade carrier from and a second leg of the spring is supported indirectly or directly on the housing. The winding region of the spring may be but need not be mounted on the blade carrier or on the housing. The winding area can e.g. be floating.

In one embodiment, the spring is e.g. stored on the blade carrier or on the housing. When the spring is mounted on the housing, e.g. a portion of the spring held firmly on the housing. If the spring is mounted on the blade carrier, e.g. an area of the spring moves with the blade carrier.

A first leg of the spring is for example rigidly mounted on the blade carrier or on the housing and a second leg of the spring is movable and is moved during the movement of the blade carrier from the safety position to the cutting position such that the spring tensions. The movable spring leg biases the spring in the movement from the safety position to the cutting position and relaxes when the blade carrier moves back in the direction of the safety position. If the spring is mounted on the housing, the first spring leg is held immovably to the housing, for example, and the second spring leg is in contact, for example, with the blade carrier. If the spring is mounted on the blade carrier, the first spring leg, for example, held immovably on the blade carrier and the second spring leg is, for example, in contact with the housing.

The spring is e.g. at least partially mounted on a pin or in a recess. The wound part of the spring can simply be plugged onto the pin or arranged in the recess in this case.

The first leg is e.g. stored in a recess of the blade carrier or the housing. He is immobile in this way to the respective support member, so blade carrier or housing held.

According to an embodiment, at least one of the legs is supported on different surfaces of the housing or of the blade carrier as a function of the relative position between the blade carrier and the housing. The respective support surface may e.g. be an area of a surface. The support surface may e.g. be formed indirectly or directly on the housing or on the blade carrier. If the spring is mounted on the housing, the support surface may e.g. be assigned to the blade carrier. If the spring is e.g. mounted on the blade carrier, the support surface may be associated with the housing. With this embodiment, e.g. be influenced by the orientation of the surface, how strong and in which direction the blade carrier is loaded by the spring.

The support surface may be flat or curved. The movement of the respective leg from one support surface to another support surface may, for example, be continuous or discontinuous, the movement of the leg on a curved or flat surface being continuous and the movement being from a first support surface to a second one at an angle to the first support surface Support surface, is referred to as discontinuous.

An embodiment is characterized in that at least one of the legs is supported in the safety position and / or in at least one cutting position on at least a first support surface of the housing or the blade carrier, which is directed such that at least a part of the spring force in the direction of the blade carrier Safety position loaded. The first support surface is directed such that at least a portion of the spring force loads the blade carrier in the safety position. The first support surface may e.g. also be an area of a surface.

For example, contacted one of the legs in the safety position, a first support surface whose surface normal is parallel to the withdrawal direction of the blade carrier, and in the cutting position, a second support surface whose surface normal forms an acute angle with the withdrawal direction. In this way, the retraction force acting on the blade carrier can be adapted to the corresponding positions of the blade carrier, that there is an optimal movement characteristic and the force for actuating the blade carrier and holding the blade carrier in the cutting position of the user does not feel uncomfortable become.

One of the legs is supported, for example, in the blade changing position on at least one further support surface, for example a third support surface of the housing or the blade carrier, which is directed such that the blade carrier is not loaded by the spring in the safety position. The blade carrier is loaded in this case, for example in a different direction than in the direction of the safety position. The second surface area is, for example, directed in such a way that the spring force is directed essentially transversely to the withdrawal direction of the blade carrier. This has the consequence that the blade carrier is not moved back when the second leg is supported on the second surface area.

According to an alternative embodiment, the blade carrier is indeed loaded in the blade changing position in the direction of the safety position, but the force is not sufficient to move the blade carrier in the safety position.

The cutting position and / or the blade changing position is determined according to an embodiment of cooperating abutment surfaces of the blade carrier and the housing. The housing is e.g. associated with a first stop surface and a second stop surface. A contact surface of the blade carrier cooperates in the cutting position with the first stop surface and in the blade changing position with the second stop surface. In other words, the blade carrier may be in the cutting position e.g. so far moved forward until the blade carrier with the first stop surface comes into contact, which prevents further movement forward.

Additionally or alternatively, the blade carrier - e.g. when the first stop surface and / or the contact surface are movable - be moved forward beyond the cutting position to the front until it comes into contact with a second stop in the blade changing position. By the first stop surface and / or the contact surface are movable, they can be moved out of the path of movement of the other surface. That the first abutment surface can be moved out of the movement path of the contact surface and / or the contact surface can be moved out of the movement path of the first abutment surface.

The second spring leg, for example, during the movement of the blade carrier between the safety position and the cutting position, a pivoting angle of about 30 to 50 ° back.

An embodiment is characterized in that at least one of the spring legs has a sliding block. The sliding shoe may e.g. be formed by the spring itself, in particular of a bend with a convex contact area. According to an alternative, the sliding shoe may be formed by a separate sliding or rolling element, which is attached to the leg. In this way, a relative movement between the spring leg and the support surface is improved at a contact of spring leg and support surface.

• Fig. 1a eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Sicherheitsposition,
• Fig. 1b eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Schneidposition,
• Fig. 1c eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Klingenwechselposition ,
• Fig. 1d in Anlehnung an Fig. 1a eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Sicherheitsposition, wobei die verdeckten Linien dargestellt sind,
• Fig. 1e in Anlehnung an Fig. 1b eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Schneidposition, wobei die verdeckten Linien dargestellt sind,
• Fig. 1f in Anlehnung an Fig. 1c eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Klingenwechselposition, wobei die verdeckten Linien dargestellt sind,
• Fig. 2 eine Ansicht gemäß Ansichtspfeil II in Fig. 1a, wobei verdeckte Linien dargestellt sind,
• Fig. 3 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie III - III in Fig. 2,
• Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie IV - IV in Fig. 2,
• Fig. 5 in Anlehnung an Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf das Messer, wobei der Klingenträger in der Schneidposition angeordnet ist,
• Fig. 6 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie VI - VI in Fig. 5,
• Fig. 7 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie VII - VII in Fig. 5,
• Fig. 8 entsprechend Fig. 1e eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Schneidposition,
• Fig. 9 eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß Schnittlinie IX - IX in Fig. 8,
• Fig. 10 in Anlehnung an Fig. 1d eine Seitenansicht des Messers in der Sicherheitsposition, wobei eine Lasche des Gehäuses betätigt ist,
• Fig. 11 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie XI - XI in Fig. 10,
• Fig. 12 eine Darstellung des Messers gemäß Fig. 1f in der Klingenwechselposition ,
• Fig. 13 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie XIII - XIII in Fig. 12,
• Fig. 14 eine Draufsicht auf das Messer gemäß Ansichtspfeil XIV in Fig. 12,
• Fig. 15 eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie XV-XV in Fig. 14,
• Fig. 16 eine Explosionsdarstellung des Messers
• Fig. 17 eine perspektivische Fronansicht des Gehäuses des Messers, wobei ein Teil der Gehäusewand ausgebrochen dargestellt ist.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from an embodiment schematically shown in FIGS. Show it:

• Fig. 1a a side view of the knife in the safety position,
• Fig. 1b a side view of the knife in the cutting position,
• Fig. 1c a side view of the knife in the blade changing position,
• Fig. 1d based on Fig. 1a a side view of the knife in the safety position, wherein the hidden lines are shown,
• Fig. 1e based on Fig. 1b a side view of the knife in the cutting position, wherein the hidden lines are shown,
• Fig. 1f based on Fig. 1c a side view of the blade in the blade changing position, the hidden lines are shown,
• Fig. 2 a view according to arrow II in Fig. 1a , where hidden lines are shown,
• Fig. 3 a sectional view along section line III - III in Fig. 2 .
• Fig. 4 a sectional view along section line IV - IV in Fig. 2 .
• Fig. 5 based on Fig. 2 a top view of the knife, wherein the blade carrier is arranged in the cutting position,
• Fig. 6 a sectional view along section line VI - VI in Fig. 5 .
• Fig. 7 a sectional view along section line VII - VII in Fig. 5 .
• Fig. 8 corresponding Fig. 1e a side view of the knife in the cutting position,
• Fig. 9 a sectional view along section line IX - IX in Fig. 8 .
• Fig. 10 based on Fig. 1d a side view of the knife in the safety position, wherein a tab of the housing is actuated,
• Fig. 11 a sectional view along section line XI - XI in Fig. 10 .
• Fig. 12 a representation of the knife according to Fig. 1f in the blade change position,
• Fig. 13 a sectional view along section line XIII - XIII in Fig. 12 .
• Fig. 14 a plan view of the knife according to view arrow XIV in Fig. 12 .
• Fig. 15 a sectional view along section line XV-XV in Fig. 14 .
• Fig. 16 an exploded view of the knife
• Fig. 17 a perspective front view of the housing of the knife, wherein a part of the housing wall is shown broken.

A knife as a whole is denoted by the reference numeral 10 in the figures. Like reference numerals in the various figures indicate corresponding parts, even if small letters are readjusted or omitted.

The knife 10 includes, as in Fig. 1b to recognize a housing 11, a blade carrier 12 and a blade 13 with a cutting edge 19. In the present embodiment, the blade carrier 12 has a base portion 43 with a seat 45 for the blade 13, in which the blade 13 can be used (see, eg Fig. 1c ). By means of a cover 44, the blade 13 can be covered in a known manner, so that it is held between the base part 43 and the cover 44 in a form-fitting manner in the seat 45. The cover 44 forms, for example, with the base part 43 a pivot joint G.

The blade 13 may, according to an alternative, e.g. be encapsulated in the manufacture of the blade carrier with plastic, so that it is held inextricably on the blade carrier. In this case, the blade 13 is only interchangeable with the blade carrier.

Eg in Fig. 1b It can be seen that the blade carrier 12 partially covers the blade 13, in particular the cutting edge 19 of the blade 13. A region 20 of the blade carrier 12 is recessed, so that in the cutting position, a portion of the cutting edge 19 is exposed.

The housing 11 may be made of a sheet metal or plastic, for example.

In the Fig. 1a to 1c different operating positions of the blade 10 are shown. Fig. 1a shows the knife 10 in the safety position. In Fig. 1b the knife 10 is shown in the cutting position. In Fig. 1c the knife 10 is shown in the blade changing position. The Fig. 1d, 1e and 1f correspond to the Fig. 1a, 1b and 1c , wherein the hidden lines of the housing 11 are shown in dashed lines.

In the safety position according to the Fig. 1a and 1d the blade carrier 12 is arranged such that a blade of the blade 13 is hidden from the housing 11 inaccessible, so that the user can not be injured on the cutting edge 19.

From the safety position, the blade carrier 12 in the direction x1 in the cutting position according to Fig. 1b and 1e be moved, in which the blade protrudes from an opening 18 at a front housing end 16 so that the blade 19 of the blade 13 accessible and a cutting operation is feasible. According to the Fig. 1b and 1e the blade carrier 12 is moved to the foremost cutting position. It can be adjusted further cutting positions in which the blade carrier 12 is arranged so that the blade 13 protrudes from the housing 11 and the blade 19 is accessible, the blade carrier 12 but is not in the foremost cutting position.

The blade carrier 12 can be moved across the cutting position in a blade changing position, for example, in the Fig. 1c and 1f is shown. The blade carrier 12 is moved out of the housing 11 so far that the blade 13 can be removed from the blade carrier 12.

The housing 11 has opposite side walls 14a and 14b (see Fig. 2 ). In the side wall 14a is a recess 15a and in the side wall 14b is recessed a recess 15b. The recesses 15 a and 15 b are arranged opposite one another and open towards the front housing end 16.

In a rear region 47, the housing 11 has a U-shaped gap 38, whereby a tab 39 is formed with a free end 40. The blade carrier 12 may be actuated by one or both recesses 15a or 15b. For this, the blade carrier 12 is provided on opposite sides with a structure 17 to prevent slipping of the user's fingers.

The blade carrier 12 has, in addition to a front region 21, in which the blade 13 is arranged, a rear extension 22 (see, eg Fig. 3 ). A width B2 of the extension 22 is reduced with respect to a width B1 of the front portion 21. Due to the reduced width B2, a clearance 23 is formed in the housing 11. At the rear extension 22, the blade carrier 12 has a recess 24.

A torsion spring designed as a spring 26 has a screw portion 27, and a first leg 28 and a second leg 29. The screw portion 27 is coaxially mounted in the recess 24, which forms a seat for the screw portion 27. The outer diameter of the screw portion 27 corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the recess 24. The first leg 28 is arranged immovably to the extension 22 with a fastening 25 to the blade carrier 12. In the present embodiment, the attachment is formed by a slot in which the leg is held immovably. The second leg 29 protrudes into the space 23 and can pivot therein.

The housing 11 is according to Fig. 3 provided with a projection 30 which forms a stop surface 31. The projection 30 protrudes into an interior space 34 of the housing 11. The extension 22 of the blade carrier 12 includes a protruding transversely to a longitudinal axis projection 33. A contact surface 35 of the projection 33 cooperates with the stop surface 31 to set the maximum in the direction x1 vorbewegte cutting position of the blade carrier 12. A contact surface 36 of the blade carrier 12 cooperates with a stop surface 32 of the projection 46 to set the maximum cutting position of the blade carrier 12 moved back in the direction x2 (see Fig. 3 ).

A support surface 37 of the housing projection 46 forms an abutment for the second leg 29. The support surface 37 is directed such that the spring force of the spring 26 loads the blade carrier 12 in the direction x2. The surface normal of the support surface 37 is e.g. directed parallel to the direction x2. The leg 29 is in a first position, in which the spring 26 is subject to a low bias voltage. The leg 29 is supported on the first support surface 37 of the projection 46 from.

In the maximum advanced cutting position (see eg the die Fig. 5a to 9 ) is the stop surface 31 with the contact surface 35 in contact. The leg 29 is arranged in a second position, in which it is pivoted about 50 ° counterclockwise with respect to the first position while the spring 26 was tensioned. The leg 29 is supported on a second support surface 48 of the projection 46 from. In this case, one end of the leg 29 has slid on the projection of the support surface 37 toward the support surface 48 (see Fig. 4 and 7 ). The support surface 48 is directed such that only part of the force of the spring 26 loads the blade carrier 12 in the direction x2. The surface normal of the support surface 48 has, for example approximately at an angle of 45 ° to the surface normal of the first support surface 37, so that only a part of the spring force acts in the return direction x2. For the user this has the advantage that the force used to hold the blade carrier in the cutting position is not unpleasant.

With increasing pivoting of the leg 29 in the movement of the blade carrier 12 between the safety position and the cutting position, the spring force of the spring 26 would increase. Due to the displacement of the contact of the leg 29 from the support surface 37 to the support surface 48, the spring force does not increase proportionally.

Instead of the separate projections 30 and 46, according to an alternative embodiment, only one projection could be provided, which provides both the support surface 37 and the stop surface 31.

When the user wants to perform a cutting operation, he grasps the blade carrier 12 in the region of the structure 17 and moves it in the direction x1 in the cutting position. In the cutting position, the cutting edge 19 can be placed on the cutting material and a cutting operation can be performed. As soon as the holding force on the blade carrier is released, the spring 26 moves the blade carrier 12 back to the safety position with the blade 13 in the direction x2.

As in particular in Fig. 11 As can be seen, the projection 30 does not extend over the entire width of the housing 11. The projection 30 is formed between the side wall 14a and a web 41 extending parallel to the side wall 14a. In normal operation of the knife 10, the projection 33 is on a first path of travel bounded by the web 41 and the side wall 14a. The web 41 and the side wall 14 a form a guide for the projection 33.

By acting in the direction of y1 force on the tab 39, the tab 39 is deflected resiliently in the direction y1. The tab 39 contacts the extension 22 of the blade carrier 12 and directs it also in direction y1 (see eg Fig. 11 ). When the blade carrier 12 is moved in the direction x1 when the tab 39 is actuated, the projection 33 comes to a second movement path, which is bounded by the web 41 and the side wall 14b. In other words, the projection 33 is guided on the second movement path of the web 41 and the side wall 14b.

If the projection 33 is located on the second movement path, the blade carrier 12 can be moved in the direction x1 until the contact surface 35 abuts against the support surface 37 (see, for example, FIGS FIGS. 13 and 15 ). Because the support surface 37 is further offset relative to the abutment surface 31 in the direction x1, the blade carrier 12 can be moved further in the direction x1 with respect to the cutting position when the protrusion 33 is in the second movement path.

During movement of the blade carrier 12 between the cutting position and the blade changing position, the leg 29 moves into contact with a third support surface 42 of the projection 46. The support surface 42 is disposed approximately perpendicular to the first support surface 37. Since the support surface 42 only provides counter-forces in the direction y, but not in the direction x2, the blade carrier is not loaded in the direction x2 when the leg 29 is in contact with the support surface 42.

When the contact surface 35 abuts against the support surface 37, the blade exchange position is reached and the leg 29 is in contact with the third support surface 42. The cover 44 can then be pivoted relative to the base part 43. A blade change is then feasible without the user must hold the blade carrier 12 against a spring force in the blade changing position or must secure the blade carrier 12 in the blade changing position. Nevertheless, of course, could be a backup in the blade change position take place, which prevents the blade carrier 12 from the blade changing position, in particular in the direction x2, move out.

If the blade carrier 12 is moved from the blade changing position in the direction x2 in the safety position, the elastically deformed extension 22 moves back in the direction y2 on the first trajectory due to its restoring force. The blade carrier can then only be moved so far in the direction x1 until the contact surface 35 abuts the stop surface 31, which is the case in the cutting position. During the return movement of the blade carrier 12 from the blade changing position in the direction x2 in the cutting position and the leg 29 slides back into abutment against the support surface 37th

Claims (12)

1. Knife with a housing (11) and with a blade (13) which is held on a blade holder (12) and with the blade holder (12) is mounted movably in a translatory manner on the housing (11) between a safety position, a cutting position and a blade change position, wherein the blade (13) is loaded by a spring (26) in the safety position, characterised in that the spring (26) is formed by a torsion spring.
2. Knife according to claim 1, characterised in that a first leg (28) of the spring (26) is supported on the blade holder (12) and a second leg (29) of the spring (26) is supported on the housing (11).
3. Knife according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring (26) is mounted on the blade holder (12) or on the housing (11).
4. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a first leg (28) of the spring (26) is mounted rigidly on the blade holder (12) or on the housing (11) and a second leg (29) of the spring (26) is formed movably and with the movement of the blade holder (12) from the safety position to the cutting position is moved such that the spring (26) tightens.
5. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the spring (26) is mounted on a pivot (24) or in a recess, and that the pivot (24) or the recess is disposed on the blade holder (12) or the housing (11).
6. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first leg (28) is mounted in a recess of the blade holder (12) or of the housing.
7. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the legs (28, 29) depending on the relative position between the blade holder (12) and the housing (11) is supported on different surfaces (37, 42) of the housing (11) or of the blade holder (12).
8. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the movement of the blade holder (12) between the safety position and the blade change position at least one of the legs (28, 29) is supported on at least one support surface (37, 48) of the housing (11) or of the blade holder, wherein the support surface is directed such that at least some of the spring force loads the blade holder (12) in the safety position.
9. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the blade change position at least one of the legs (28, 29) is supported on a further support surface (42) of the housing (11) or of the blade holder (12), wherein the support surface is directed such that the blade holder (12) is not loaded by the spring (26) in the safety position.
10. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a first stop surface (31) and a second stop surface (37) are assigned to the housing (11) and that in the cutting position a contact surface (35) of the blade holder (12) is in contact with the first stop surface (31) and in the blade change position is in contact with the second stop surface (37).
11. Knife according to claim 10, characterised in that the contact surface (35) is assigned to an area (33) of the blade holder (12), which is displaceable between a first path of movement and a second path of movement and that the first stop surface (31) is assigned to the first path of movement and the second stop surface (37) is assigned to the second path of movement.
12. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the spring legs (28, 29) has a sliding shoe.

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