EP3820577A1 - Liniment oléo alcalin - Google Patents
Liniment oléo alcalinInfo
- Publication number
- EP3820577A1 EP3820577A1 EP19756225.9A EP19756225A EP3820577A1 EP 3820577 A1 EP3820577 A1 EP 3820577A1 EP 19756225 A EP19756225 A EP 19756225A EP 3820577 A1 EP3820577 A1 EP 3820577A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- skin
- oil
- phase
- soaps according
- alkaline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/06—Emulsions
- A61K8/062—Oil-in-water emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/732—Starch; Amylose; Amylopectin; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic field and more particularly to that of liquid or viscous compositions intended for cleaning the skin of any kind, normal, oily, sensitive, etc ... and this whatever age of the subject, prohibiting the use of any aggressive cleaning agent, in order to ensure the maintenance of the hydrolipidic film on the surface of the epidermis or to reinforce its protective properties in the case of a sebaceous-sweat imbalance.
- the skin is an organ covering the whole organism and acting as a protective barrier against any attack of any kind, physical, chemical or microbiological.
- the epidermis can be broken down into 5 layers from the inside to the outside:
- the present invention focuses essentially on all of these 5 layers and among others the stratum corneum.
- the pH on the surface of the stratum corneum is around 5-6, therefore slightly acidic due to the presence of lactic acid, the last waste product of the anaerobic metabolic activity of the epidermis.
- stratum corneum is therefore considered as a protective barrier of the epidermis and intervenes in particular in:
- the deep layer constitutes:
- the eccrine glands responsible for thermoregulation of the skin and sweating. These glands open directly on the surface of the skin. They release water, lactic acid and salts whose overall pH is around 4-6.
- the sebaceous glands responsible for waterproofing the skin. They are housed near the hair follicles, forming the pilosebaceous apparatus.
- the sebaceous glands make sebum, which is made up of squalane, triglycerides and cholesterol. Sebum is one of the major constituents of the hydrolipidic film.
- Oily skin is dominated by an increased secretion of sebum.
- the factors responsible for this disorder are of different types: physiological: basic hormonal imbalance which panics and stimulates the sebaceous glands
- Dry skin is more under the dominance of exogenous factors such as:
- Endogenous factors have been identified, however, such as physiological changes: puberty, pregnancy, menopause.
- combination skin has the characteristics of the two previous types and in one place on the body.
- the face In the case of the face, it is generally the T zone defined by the forehead, the nose and the chin which has an oily tendency compared to the rest of the face, the cheekbones with a dry tendency.
- Combination skin is less sensitive to temperature variations, however it is difficult to treat due to competition of the two types of skin in the same place such as the face. From an aesthetic point of view, combination skin is shiny with large pores leading to the formation of blackheads and, in extreme cases, pimples.
- the sensations of tingling, itching, burning, tightness, etc. would be conveyed by the cutaneous neuronal C fibers present at the level of the sensory receptors of the skin, the nociceptors located at the base of the stratum corneum. They are polymodal receptors sensitive to pain as well as to extreme temperatures but also to chemical substances.
- sensitive skin is skin with a lower tolerance for pain.
- the skin reacts excessively to an allergenic substance that the body considers to be an invader. This would cause redness, rashes, itchy eczema.
- the substances responsible for these disorders are generally perfumes, chemical filters, essential oils, antiseptics, chemical preservatives, etc.
- baby's skin is, among other things:
- Such a pH can:
- the skin becomes thinner and more saggy, especially at the sagging eyelids.
- the spots are becoming more and more numerous.
- This erythema can be the source of a more serious problem, the appearance of bedsores. These appear when
- the skin is a very complex organ on the physiological level and it plays an essential role in the protection of the human body: protective barrier against attacks of all kinds and allows to regulate the body temperature. Therefore its partial or total destruction will cause a number of problems that can go as far as death.
- the type of skin identified dry, oily, combination, sensitive skin, etc.
- it will change over time, from the immature stage (baby skin) to the age of 10 years and it will start to degenerate from 30 years.
- This degeneration appears gradually through the appearance of wrinkles, then a thinning of skin, pigmentation, etc ... and above all a decrease in the quality of the hydrolipidic film.
- Caring for your skin is a huge area. It goes from the simple daily toilet to skin care treatments in the case of dermatological problems like those mentioned above.
- foam products means products which form foam to a greater or lesser extent either by simple contact of these said products with water (liquid soaps) or after rubbing them in the presence of water (soaps solids).
- This foam has the property of eliminating both solid impurities and more or less viscous liquids which have accumulated during the day on the skin and in the pores of the latter.
- These impurities can have a hydrophilic character (sweat) or a lipophilic character, such as an excess of sebum.
- This foam is obtained from a number of products called soaps, which range from simple conventional soap to "syndets", including liquid soaps, bubble baths, breads, etc.
- the soap was made from animal fats, then gradually these were replaced by vegetable oils, such as olive oil and bay oil. Then appeared other oils such as palm, coconut, walnut, rapeseed, carnation, sunflower, flax, shower almond, shea, etc. oils.
- milk soap pH close to that of the skin leading to use for sensitive, fragile skin (baby skin) and for certain skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis
- black soap made from crushed black olive oil. It is a soap for all skin types. It removes impurities and dead skin
- antiseptic soap containing cationic detergents to destroy bacteria on the surface of the skin.
- surfactants used are quaternary ammoniums • dermatological bread or soap without soap or "syndet”. The pH of these “soaps” is close to that of the skin.
- Triglycerides alkali ion carboxylate glycerin fatty acid fatty acids where "R" represents a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid.
- the soap has an alkaline pH of the order of 8 - 9 and if the alkali during manufacture is not completely consumed, the pH evolves towards even more basic values incompatible with the pH of the skin. Therefore to limit this problem, an excess of oil is always present during manufacture.
- the role of a surfactant is to lower the surface tension between two components immiscible with each other (two phases) such as water and oil or water and air, to obtain a uniform phase after mixed.
- the surfactant gives rise to emulsions of the water in oil or oil in water type, depending on the most important phase.
- foaming occurs: stirring of air: dispersion of the air in a liquid phase. A multitude of air bubbles are separated from each other by a thin wall of soapy water.
- the surfactants are therefore positioned at the interface of the two liquids, the polar head in the hydrophilic phase (water) and the apolar tail in the lipophilic phase making the two phases miscible by simple stirring. There is thus the formation of micelles (vesicles) from the phase of least importance in the phase of greatest importance.
- the apolar tail of the surfactant When one of the phases is gaseous, the apolar tail of the surfactant will position itself in this phase, such as air, and the mixture by simple stirring will give rise to air vesicles in the liquid phase.
- a surfactant is therefore characterized by two poles, a hydrophilic pole and a lipophilic pole.
- a hydrophilic pole a pole that is hydrophilic
- a lipophilic pole a pole that is hydrophilic
- surfactants are identified:
- anionics are represented as next: RX Y + .
- This category includes sulfonates and carboxylates (R-SO 3 Na + and R-CO2 Na + ).
- the best known commercially are sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth ethoxylate sulfate. They have a strong foaming power.
- the group of nonionic surfactants contains alcohols of the R-OH type whose foaming power is less and have the property of trapping calcium.
- amphoterics are both anionic and cationic surfactants and their mode of action depends on the pH of the medium.
- the best known are the betaine derivatives. They have a significant foaming power and relatively little irritant.
- reaction described in (1) shows the formation of a carboxylate (R-CO2) associated with a chemical element belonging to the class of alkalis (Na + , K + ) or alkaline earths (Ca 2+ ) according to Mendeleev's classification.
- R-CO2 carboxylate
- Na + , K + alkalis
- Ca 2+ alkaline earths
- R represents the carbon chain of the unsaturated fatty acid used in the saponification reaction. This carbon chain consists of more than 10 carbon atoms such as palmitic acid (C15H 3 1 COO) or oleic acid (C17H 33 COO).
- the polar pole is therefore constituted by the -COO part and the apolar part by the carbon chain (C15H 3 1 , or C 17H 33 ).
- “Delicate skin” is understood to mean all the types of skin which have been studied previously, oily skin, dry skin, sensitive skin, reactive skin, baby skin, aging skin.
- Generally dermatological breads contain amphoteric surfactants whose foaming power is moderate.
- dermatological breads can also contain more aggressive surfactants with strong power foaming to compensate for the absence of foaming.
- amphoteric surfactants the fact remains that their composition is very complex (about 20 ingredients) and may contain surfactants with high foaming power, aggressive for the skin by destruction of the hydrolipidic film.
- Formulas have been developed to compensate for this elimination of the hydrolipid layer by incorporating oils, giving rise to surgras breads.
- So classic soaps are back in fashion and some dermatologists recommend their use, such as Mé soap or Aleppo soap. They contain 72% olive oil, the latter being known for its nourishing, soothing and protective properties and gives its green color to soaps.
- the cold process involves mixing olive oil or other oils with sodium hydroxide or another alkali. After obtaining a dough, it is poured into molds which are closed to allow the saponification reaction to continue for a minimum of 24 hours. After demolding, a drying time of 4 weeks is necessary.
- the oil and the alkali are brought to 00 ° C for a minimum of 45 minutes to accelerate the saponification reaction.
- the mass becomes very viscous (appearance of mash) and can be poured into a mold.
- the molds are stored cool without the need to close them. At the end of cooling the soaps can be used immediately, but a drying time of a few days would be welcome.
- the paste obtained during the cold process after 24 hours of rest is diluted with water and glycerin is added increasing the softening power of this soap.
- liniment comes from the Latin “linimentum” of “linire” which means “oare” in old French. Translated into everyday French, “oare” means “rub, coat with oil or other fatty matter”.
- liniment uses an oily phase, such as vegetable oils.
- the French Pharmacopoeia VIII th edition defines liniment as a “liquid preparation containing various medicinal principles dissolved or suspended in an appropriate vehicle. It is generally constituted by a medicinal oil or by a mixture of fatty substances, sometimes simply by alcoholic or soapy liquids ”.
- limestone can only be introduced in aqueous form.
- oily phase being in excess with respect to the soapy phase formed, leading to the production of an overgrown liquid soap.
- Liquid soap is understood to mean, in the sense of the invention, a liquid soap at 25 ° C. and at atmospheric pressure, which can flow freely or following the application of a shearing force (inversion agitation, pressure on the bottle, etc.).
- oleo-alkaline liniment a more or less viscous preparation resulting from a saponification reaction between an oil other than olive oil and an alkaline aqueous phase other than calcium hydroxide, respecting same proportions between the two phases and the oily phase being in excess compared to the soapy phase, with the aim of preserving the surgras character of the soap.
- the oily phase is mainly virgin olive oil. But different types of olive oil can be used. For “oleo alkaline” liniments, olive oil is substituted for or in combination with other oils.
- a third parameter qualifying an oleo-limestone liniment is the nature of the aqueous phase.
- the alkaline aqueous phase is constituted by sodium hydroxide (soda) or potassium hydroxide (potash), in this case this phase is based on calcium hydroxide .
- the alkaline aqueous solution consists of another basic substance whose ionization constant (pKb) is identical to or close to that of the aqueous calcium hydroxide solution.
- the oleo-limestone Uniment provides a good quality hydrolipidic film due to the presence of a high oil content.
- the product is cleaning because of its soapy phase playing the role of surfactants removing impurities. Contrary to what is said, this soapy phase being in small quantities, it is not necessary to rinse the baby's skin because there would be a decrease in the protective role of the lipid film provided by olive oil.
- the pH of 7 - 8 of this preparation is perfectly suited to that of baby's skin (pH 7), hence its use in diapers to neutralize the acid pH of urine.
- sorbitan olivaie sorbitol + olive oil
- cetearyl olivate cetearyl alcohol + olive oil
- Polawax ® cetearyl alcohol + polysorbate 60
- Such products used to stabilize the oleo-limestone liniment at a rate of 10% in the preparation can not be used for cleaning the skin of babies or the elderly without fear of risk of irritation if a rinse is not after use.
- CN 103479775 a mixture of olive oil and sweet almond, angelica essential oil, vitamin E, safflower oil and other ingredients to treat joint problems
- CN 106728308 the manufacture of a paste based on corn starch, tea leaf oil containing a certain number of plant extracts, for the treatment of eczema
- JPH09104623 a mixture of vitamins in a squalene / olive oil and isopropyl myristate base, intended for skin problems
- JPS5720922 an antibiotic (nanaomycin) dissolved in an oily phase such as olive oil, for the treatment of trycophytosis
- KR20030081848 protects a preparation for bleaching the hair and containing sodium persulfate dispersed in a mineral oil and a vegetable oil such as olive oil
- GB502083 a mixture based on beef foot oil with olive oil saponified by ammonia to which essential oils and liquid soap are added
- MXPA01008162 a mixture of essential oils and paraffin oil saponified by an ammonia solution, having analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties
- CN 106913746 and CN 106913745 a hot saponification reaction between tea leaf oil and a solution of calcium hydroxide. During this preparation a number of other ingredients are added.
- CN 103800401 a saponification reaction between sesame oil and a solution of calcium hydroxide. After production, a certain number of other ingredients are introduced minerals, vitamins, sugars, etc. Mention is also made of the presence of glyceryl monostearate.
- CN 1839898 saponification of sesame oil with a calcium hydroxide solution but different from the previous one in that the proportions of each phase are different: 30 to 65% (oil) and 35 to 70% (solution alkaline) and does not mention glyceryl monostearate
- CN 103638075 a composition similar to the previous one but differentiated by the fact that the mass of the oily phase (sesame oil) is identical to that of the alkaline phase and does not contain glycerol monostearate
- R0121586, R0121672, R0121673 a mixture based on lanolin, linseed oil, shark liver oil, stearin and beeswax saponified with a solution of calcium hydroxide
- CN 101 103970, CN 101 103971, CN 101 1 12388 the formation of a calcium salt of fatty acid either from linoleic acid or glycerolinoleic acid, stearic or glycerostearic acid or oleic or glyceroolic acid in the presence of a solution of calcium hydroxide
- KR100837796 a saponification reaction between an oil and calcium hydroxide, the latter of which is obtained from the oyster shells
- KR20080087991 a saponification reaction between a vegetable or animal oil and calcium hydroxide in order to obtain calcium salts of fatty acids with less rancidity compared to the oils themselves.
- CN 106883955 a saponification reaction of a mixture consisting of olive oil (5-10 parts), coconut oil oil (5-15 parts), tea leaf (1-5 parts) ) with an alkaline solution containing sodium hydroxide (2-5 parts) and calcium hydroxide (1 part). To the reaction product is added an algae extract (50-100 parts)
- CN 10585 1901 and CN 105901744 a saponification reaction between olive oil (10 to 20%) with a 1% solution of calcium hydroxide (10%) intended for the manufacture of fat substitutes for the food sector.
- R0121763 a cosmetic composition based on the saponification reaction between a mixture of sunflower oil and olive oil at a ratio of 39 to 44 parts and a solution of calcium hydroxide (50 parts). To this preparation is added glycerin (10 parts)
- CN 102579483 a saponification reaction between olive oil and a solution of calcium hydroxide, the respective proportions are as follows: 2 to 8 parts for the alkaline phase and 8 to 2 parts for the oily phase
- CN 1061 1 8923 a saponification reaction between a mixture consisting of avocado oil, grape seed, olive, coconut, apricot oil and potassium hydroxide, to obtain a liquid soap for make-up removal
- PH22015000466 a saponification reaction between a mixture consisting of olive oil and coconut, with a potassium hydroxide solution to which plant extracts are added in order to make a liquid soap
- CN 107815366 a saponification reaction of a mixture consisting of coconut oil (100), palm (100), rice (100), sweet almond (100) and olive (100), with potassium hydroxide solution (92). To the product of this reaction is added an extract of fruit juice, this preparation being intended to treat acne
- CN 106867722, CN 106434055, CN 106467876 a mixture of several oils, including olive oil, saponified by a solution of sodium hydroxide
- KR201 1004288, KR 20100028984 a saponification reaction between evening primrose oil and an alkaline solution of either sodium, potassium or lithium and defining a saponification rate, between 0.001 to 99.9%
- GR1008293 the manufacture of a soap based on olive oil obtained from a saponification reaction by using sodium hydroxide.
- FR2992216 an exfoliating soap based on olive oil obtained from starting from a process similar to that described in the previous patent.
- FR2963935 a liquid soap based on olive oil obtained by hot saponification reaction in the presence of sodium hydroxide, and hot dilution with water, of the soap obtained
- JP2003049199 a hot process for obtaining a soap by saponification reaction between olive or sweet almond oil, or palm or jojoba oil and a sodium hydroxide solution.
- ⁇ W02017 / 192109 describes a preparation giving rise to a soap obtained by saponification of vegetable oils of different types with a solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide, these oils are mixed with a defined acid solution of “vinegar” serving as support for certain plants.
- the addition of this acid phase, containing a certain level of acetic acid, is intended to form salts with the calcium or magnesium present in the washing water.
- the pH of such preparations is around 9 to 10, not acceptable for babies' skin.
- the proportions of the aqueous and oily phases do not meet the criterion of the liniment “oleo limestone”
- liquid soaps more or less viscous, more or less viscous, mechanically stable, intended for the cleaning of delicate skin, obtained by cold saponification reaction, comprising:
- an oily phase consisting of fatty materials whose fatty acids in the form of triglycerides, have carbon chains having a number of carbon atoms between 12 and 18 (C1 2 to C i 8 )
- an alkaline phase consisting of hydroxides or salts of alkaline or alkaline earth ions, the concentration of which in aqueous solution results in a pH of between 10 and 13 and a pKb of between 0.2 and 4.0, preferably a pKb between 0.75 and 2.5
- one or more mechanical stabilizing agents at a concentration greater than 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the finished product and belonging to the family of native or modified starches insoluble cold in an aqueous medium, the particle size of which is between 1 and OOpm, preferably between 1 and 20 pm
- additives chosen from the class of natural structuring agents, acids, buffer systems, preservatives and antioxidants, active principles and their mixtures,
- the saponification reaction carried out when cold is such that the carboxylates formed are dispersed in the oily phase in excess, the medium viscosity ranging from 1000 mPa.s (cPs) to 40,000 mPa.s (cPs), preferably from 1000 mPa.s (cPs) to 30,000 mPa.s (cPs), measured at a temperature of 20 ° C, the pH from 4 to 8 and the size of the oily globules from 5 to 15 pm.
- the proportion of the oily and aqueous phases being identical and at most representing each, 50% by mass, of the final mass of the final product,
- the saponification reaction carried out cold is such that the carboxylates formed are dispersed in the oily phase in excess, the viscosity of the medium possibly ranging from 1000 mPa.s (cPs) to 40,000 mPa.s (cPs) measured at the temperature of 20 ° C., the pH of 4 to 8 and the size of the oily globules from 5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the present invention aims to develop liquid preparations, more or less viscous, consisting of an oily phase representing at most 50% of the final mass of the preparation and an alkaline aqueous phase also representing at most 50% of the mass of the finished product, the mixture of these two phases leading to the formation of a soap by saponification reaction between the fatty acids of the oily phase and the alkali solubilized in the aqueous phase.
- the saponification reaction is carried out cold.
- the amount of alkali used is such that the saponification of the oily phase is not complete, thus leading to the formation of fatty acid carboxylates (products of the saponification reaction) dispersed in the oily phase.
- the dispersion of these carboxylates is perfect by adding a substance having the role of a mechanical surfactant to the medium.
- mechanical surfactant is intended to mean a substance capable of stabilizing a preparation without carrying out electrophilic reactions, as is observed with anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants.
- the product obtained is mechanically stable under the effect, for example, of centrifugation or any other mechanical process capable of normally deteriorating the product.
- the preparation thus obtained is considered to be an overgrown liquid soap, the pH of which can be adjusted to approach physiological pH. of the skin, 7-8 for the skin of babies and 4-5 for adults.
- Such a soap can therefore be used for all types of skin and, among other things, "delicate skin”.
- This invention is based on the fact that certain substances insoluble in oily and aqueous medium, exhibit in an lipophilic environment, unexpected physical properties giving rise to oily solutions of non-negligible viscosity (100 to 200 mPa.s (cPs)) while their thickening power by swelling or gelation, in this same environment is completely zero and this whether cold or after heating.
- cPs non-negligible viscosity
- stabilizing substances or “stabilizing agents” means any product which avoids the phase shift of an emulsion (appearance of two phases), either by sedimentation (formation of a deposit) or by creaming.
- the stabilizing substances used in the present invention are raw materials of natural origin widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and dietetic and food fields.
- preparations stable over time means preparations which, after 3 months of storage or more, at ambient temperature, do not exhibit any phase shift phenomenon.
- stabilizing substances can be used alone or as a mixture (combination of several stabilizing substances) in the phase oily, at a concentration greater than or equal to 5% relative to the total mass of the finished product, giving rise, after cold saponification reaction between the oily phase and the alkaline aqueous phase, to a stable solution of low viscosity containing carboxylate fatty acid dispersed in excess unreacted oil.
- Low viscosities are understood to mean viscosities of between 1,000 and 10,000 mPa.s (cPs), determined at 20 ° C. using the rotating mobile technique defined in the European Pharmacopoeia (Pharm. Europ. (2.2 . 10)).
- thixotropy is understood to mean the property that a mixture has to take a gelled appearance at rest and which by manual agitation (inversion of the bottle) resumes its liquid form.
- the stabilizing substances making it possible to obtain said liquid preparations and playing the role of "mechanical surfactants (or mechanical stabilizing agents)" belong to the class of natural polymers, polysaccharides:
- polysaccharides used in the context of this invention are starches and in particular native starches.
- native starch means starches as they are contained in cereals, legumes, tubers, roots and fruits, during their extraction, the latter having undergone no structural modification whatsoever. physical, chemical or enzymatic.
- Native starches are polymers of glucose.
- the glucose molecules are linked either:
- starches as they are extracted from plants, are formed by the mixture of these two structures.
- the starch grain is formed by different layers of these two molecules and are positioned identically to the structure of an onion: formation of strata between amylose and amylopectin within the same grain.
- the grains swell up to a temperature called gelatinization temperature, specific to each type of starch. This is the starch gelation step (see Table II).
- gelatinization temperature specific to each type of starch. This is the starch gelation step (see Table II).
- stabilization is obtained by swelling of the starch up to the gelation stage under the effect of heat.
- the US patent US2005214432 protects a process for manufacturing white sauce used in cooking, consisting of an oily phase and an aqueous phase stabilized by the use of native starches, wheat starch, starch rich in protein derivatives.
- the emulsion of the medium is carried out using an ultrasound system of frequency included between 20 and 200 Hz.
- the proportion of the two phases is completely different. Indeed the oily phase represents only 15% at most, of the total mass of the finished product and the aqueous phase can go up to 95%.
- the probability of obtaining a stable emulsion under such conditions is much greater than in the case of the present invention because even if the temperature of the medium is maintained at 20 ° C.
- the ultrasound can cause in situ heating of the molecules leading to a slight hydration of the starch molecules more easily stabilizing such preparations.
- an alkaline aqueous phase and even less of a cold saponification reaction.
- Japanese patent JO2007274983 seeks to stabilize the manufacture of sauces (roux) by the use of starches without adding chemical surfactants. But in the present case, all of the manufacture is carried out hot and at very high temperatures close to the gelation temperature of the starch.
- patent HU9603,157 implements a technique similar to that described in the preceding patent, for the manufacture of light butter in the absence of any chemical surfactants, these being substituted by a mixture of starch and pectin, the starch can be a modified starch.
- the patent GB305742 describes the production of solutions with emulsifying properties intended for road bitumens and other types of materials of this kind, by implementing this said reaction.
- These solutions are obtained from oils, oil resins and by-products from the paper industry. These oils are mixed with corn starch and water. The whole is heated to 50 ° C., the gelatinization temperature of this starch. To this solution is added concentrated sodium hydroxide and the whole is brought to 96 ° C. After cooling, the product of this reaction is used as an emulsifier.
- the saponification agent is concentrated sodium hydroxide and heating is necessary to produce such an emulsifying solution.
- the native starches that can be the subject of the present invention, the native starches of cereals, legumes, roots, tubers, and fruits are retained, among other things, starch from rice, corn, wheat, potato, tapioca.
- modified starches of these different botanical origins can be the subject of the present invention.
- esterified and etherified substitution of an OH group in the polymer chain by hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl or acetyl groups
- Dextrins starch which has undergone depolymerization and then recombined into branched short chain polymers. These starches do not exhibit the phenomenon of retrogradation ⁇ Hydrolysed starches leading to unbranched polymers of short chains. These starches have a strong retrograding power. Subsequently, they can undergo substitution reactions as defined above. Oxidation reactions lead to the substitution of the hydroxyl groups by COOH or CO groups. then oxidation reactions there is depolymerization of starches giving rise to molecules having short polymer chains. These starches do not exhibit a demotion phenomenon due to the steric hindrance of the COOH and CO groups, thus preventing the formation of hydrogen bonds between the polymer chains.
- the size of the starch grains is essential for the latter to act as a "mechanical surfactant” or "mechanical stabilizer".
- FIG. 1 corresponds to a photograph by electron microscope of native rice starch suspended in the oily phase. There is no grain swelling. Their size is of the order of 9 pm.
- FIG. 2 corresponds to a photograph by electron microscope of native rice starch suspended in the liniment after the saponification reaction, at the start of the homogenization process.
- the microscopic photos (Fig 1 and Figure 2) of the emulsions obtained at the industrial stage show that the starch grains are positioned on the surface of the oil globules.
- the starch grains being essentially hydrophilic, their positioning on the surface of the oil globule makes it "hydrophilic" at the periphery facilitating its integration into the aqueous medium. It is assumed that this mechanism is related to the composition of the starch grain.
- amylopectin very soluble in water
- amylose soluble in water
- the grain will be positioned in such a way that the amylopectin part will be in contact with the oily phase and the part amylose will be turned towards the aqueous phase, such as a conventional surfactant having a hydrophilic pole, here amylose and a lipophilic pole, here amylopectin.
- the particle size of the native starches and of the modified starches must be between 1 and 10 ⁇ m and preferably between 1 and 20 ⁇ m.
- amylose and amylopectin concentrations are responsible for a good distribution of the grains at the oil / water interface, the ratio of these two components within the starch grain must be between 1: 3 and 1: 5 (amylose: amylopectin).
- the concentration in mechanical stabilizer (s), and preferably in native rice starch, in the medium between 5 and 30% by mass relative to the final mass of the mixture and preferably between 7 and 15% relative to the final mass of the mixture.
- the preparations obtained have a size of oily globules less than 25 ⁇ m (FIG. 3) and between 5 and 15 ⁇ m. This is highlighted in the photograph obtained by electron microscope, of the rice starch suspended in the Uniment after 3 hours of homogenization. It is observed that the sizes of the globules are between 5 and 15 microns and surrounded by starch grains. (figure 3)
- a centrifugation test of such preparations (N) obtained on an industrial scale shows that they are as stable as preparations (A) containing chemical surfactants and an oily phase thickener, hectorite (Bentone®) ( Figure 4). This is highlighted in FIG. 4, the 4 test tubes containing the preparations (N) and (A) as defined above, were subjected to centrifugation, 15 minutes at 4000 rpm.
- Fes preparations (A) representing the old formula based on Bentone ® are much more unstable (phase shift) than, preparations (N), new formula based on native rice starch.
- the starches, native or modified, insoluble in cold, are introduced into the oily phase before the cold saponification reaction.
- This oily phase in the case of oleo-limestone liniment in the sense strict of the definition, is constituted by olive oil.
- Table IV fatty acid composition of olive oils Oils are characterized by:
- the saponification index corresponding to the following definition: amount of potassium hydroxide, expressed in milligrams, necessary for the neutralization of free fatty acids and for the saponification of the esters present in l g of substances
- the iodine index corresponding to the following definition: quantity of halogen (iodine), expressed in milligrams, capable of being fixed by 100 g of substances.
- This index makes it possible to determine the content of unsaturated fatty acids (European Pharmacopoeia (2.5.4)), the unsaponifiable: rate of non-volatile substances at l 00 ° - l 05 ° C, expressed as a percentage, obtained by extraction in organic medium (European Pharmacopoeia (2.5.7))
- table Y table
- Each of these oils can be used pure or as a mixture in the present invention.
- the quantity used In the pure state, the quantity used must be equal to that of the alkaline aqueous phase and represented at most 50% by mass of the final mass of the finished product and preferably between 30% and 50% by mass, preferably between 40% and 50% by mass, relative to the final mass of the finished product.
- the concentration of virgin olive oil When mixed, the concentration of virgin olive oil must be between 5% and 95% relative to the mass of the oily phase.
- the term “oleo” in Uniment oleo-limaire broadly means “fat”. Therefore in view of the bibliographic study of patents, it is possible to introduce other fats other than olive oil into the preparation provided that the proportion between the alkaline aqueous phase and the oily phase is respected. .
- Fat means any substance containing saturated, mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids and / or in trans form, whether in liquid form (oil) or in semi-solid form (butters and fats). These fats can be of vegetable or animal origin.
- the fats which can be the subject of this present invention are numerous and are obtained from the fruits of certain trees. They are defined by a composition of fatty acids, the number of carbon atoms on the carbon chain of which can range from C8 (caprylic acid) to C26 (cerotic acid) and more. These oils are in fact mixtures of triglycerides of fatty acids corresponding to the structure described above in equation (1), thus leading after the saponification reaction to the in situ formation of glycerin and carboxylates, soapy phase.
- oils containing mainly triglycerides of fatty acids with carbon chain ranging from C 12 to C 18 are retained.
- fatty acids can be:
- the fatty acid composition of the oils used for the present invention is as follows:
- this phase oily can be a mixture of different oils other than olive oil, of variable proportions but respecting the final maximum rate of 50% in the finished product.
- the cold saponification of the oily phase is obtained by adding an alkaline solution to the medium. According to the National Form, this alkaline solution for the oleo-limestone liniment, is obtained from a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, or lime water.
- the saturated calcium hydroxide solution leads to a content of 1.69 g / liter of calcium hydroxide dissolved in the medium.
- Such a solution has a pH of 12.4 and a pKb of 2.43.
- PKb is a constant used to calculate the strength of an alkaline solution, corresponding to the number of OH ions present in the medium. The lower this constant, the stronger the alkaline solution.
- the present invention can be applied to the formation of an “oleo-alkaline” unit obtained from aqueous alkaline solutions which have a pH of between 10 and 13 and a pKb of between 0.2 and 4.0, preferably a pKb between 0.75 and 2.5.
- aqueous alkaline solutions which have a pH of between 10 and 13 and a pKb of between 0.2 and 4.0, preferably a pKb between 0.75 and 2.5.
- These different solutions can be obtained by dissolving another substance other than calcium but belonging to the class of alkalis and alkaline-earths such as sodium, potassium, lithium (alkalines), calcium, and magnesium (alkalines earth).
- concentrations of alkaline substances in the aqueous phase are such that when these solutions are added in an amount equal to that of the oily phase, carboxylates dispersed in an excess oil do not form by simple cold stirring having not been saponified.
- the concentration in alkaline aqueous solution in the present invention must therefore be equal to that of the oil phase and represent at most 50% by mass of the final mass of the finished product and preferably included between 30% and 50% by mass, more preferably between 40% and 50% by mass, relative to the final mass of the finished product.
- an acid such as sorbic, citric, malic, lactic, etc ... - or an acid buffer system of disodium phosphate / monosodium phosphate monohydrate, sodium acetate / acetic acid, monopotassium phosphate / disodium phosphate, etc ....
- the concentration of these substances in the medium depends on the desired pH and between 4 and 8
- the finished product obtained from this reaction has a viscosity of the order of 1100 mPa.s (cPs).
- the product can be used as a treatment lotion for sensitive skin.
- - thickening agents such as modified cold-soluble starches, gums, etc.
- starches we will retain the native pregelatinized cold-soluble starches in the aqueous phase, such as rice starch, potato starch, tapocia corn, legumes, etc ... and the corresponding hydroxypropyl starches having also undergone a pre-gelatinization.
- these thickening agents are no longer in the form of grains of defined size, dispersed in the oily phase.
- the pregelatinization phase made it possible to break the shell of these so-called grains, thus releasing amylose and amylopectin in aqueous medium, facilitating their hydration. This hydration leads to a thickening of the aqueous phase in which these molecules are found.
- the concentration of thickening agents will depend on the viscosity desired for the finished product and on the feel of the latter when it is applied to the skin. It is a maximum of 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the finished product.
- the viscosity of such preparations is between 20,000 cPs and 40,000 cPs.
- these preparations have a very interesting rheological property: they are called “rheo-thickeners”.
- the viscosity of the medium increases despite the application of a shear force. This property is all the more important as the product, under certain conditions, must have a covering power. This is the case for products with high levels of active ingredients with protective power such as zinc oxide.
- vitamins (vitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin PP, etc.)
- repair agents resveratrol, centella asiatica, hyaluronic acid, allantoin, etc.
- anti inflammatory drugs enoxolone plant extracts with repairing, emollient, nourishing properties, etc.
- these same preparations may contain active ingredients called curative, used in skin problems such as eczema, psoriasism, acne, dermatitis, etc.
- Natural preservatives such as sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, or caprylyl glycol ethylhexylglycerin combinations can be used.
- the manufacturing process used to obtain these so-called oleo-limestone or "oleo-alkaline” liniments includes:
- Another object of the present invention relates to the use of a soap as defined above, for cleaning delicate human skin.
- the present invention also relates to the following subject:
- an oily phase consisting of fatty materials, the fatty acids of which in the form of triglycerides, have carbon chains having a number of carbon atoms between 12 and 18 (C1 2 to C 1 s)
- iijune alkaline aqueous phase consisting by hydroxides or salts of alkaline or alkaline earth ions whose concentration in aqueous solution leads to a pH between 10 and 13 and a pKb between 0.75 and 2.5
- one or more mechanical stabilizers at a concentration greater than 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the finished product and belonging to the family of native or modified starches insoluble cold in an aqueous medium, including the particle size is between 1 and OOpm
- additives chosen from the class of natural thickeners, acids, buffer systems, preservatives and antioxidants, and mixtures thereof,
- the saponification reaction being such that the carboxylates formed are dispersed in the oily phase in excess, the viscosity of the medium possibly ranging from 1000 mPa.s (cPs) and 30,000 mPa.s (cPs) measured at the temperature of 20 ° C., the pH from 4 to 8 and the size of the oily globules from 5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the proportion of oily phase in the finished product is between 30% and 50% by mass, more preferably between 40 and 50% by mass relative to the mass of the finished product.
- the fats of the oily phase are oils and butters of vegetable origin.
- the fats of the oily phase consist of virgin olive oil, olive oil, olive-pomace oil or a mixture of at least two of these components.
- the concentration of virgin olive oils is between 5% and 95% relative to the total mass of the oily phase.
- fats other than olive oils have a defined fatty acid composition.
- the fatty acid composition of fatty substances other than olive oils comprises from 10 to 95% of saturated fatty acids from C 12 to Cis, from 15 to 95% of monounsaturated fatty acids from C 12 to Cis and from 5 to 60% of polyunsaturated fatty acids from C1 2 to Cis.
- fats other than olive oils are used alone within the oily phase or as a mixture with olive oils or as a mixture between them.
- the alkaline and alkaline-earth ions constituting the aqueous alkaline solutions are sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium and magnesium.
- the alkaline or alkaline-earth ions are in the form of hydroxides, carbonates or phosphates.
- the proportion of alkaline aqueous phase in the finished product is between 30% and 50% by mass, more preferably between 40% and 50% by mass, relative to the final mass of the finished product.
- the mechanical stabilizing agent is a native or modified starch insoluble cold in the aqueous phase, obtained from cereals, roots, tubers, fruits and legumes.
- the mechanical stabilizing agent is native rice starch.
- the concentration of mechanical stabilizing agent (s) is between 5 and 30% of the total mass of the finished product and preferably between 7 and 15%.
- the particle size of the mechanical stabilizing agent is between 1 and 20 ⁇ m.
- the concentration of acids and buffer systems leads to a pH of between 4 and 8.
- the natural thickening agents are waxes such as beeswax, carnauba, jojoba, candellia, rice bran.
- the concentration of natural thickening agents is between 0.5 and 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the finished product.
- the antioxidants are preferably chosen from the group of tocopherols.
- Another object of the present invention relates to the use of a soap as described in the object above, for cleaning delicate human skins.
- a soap as described in the object above, for cleaning delicate human skins.
- Examples of oleo-limestone liniments obtained from the present invention are presented below but do not in any way constitute a limiting list of formulations.
- the Oleo limestone Uniment obtained has a pH of 9.0 and a viscosity of 1100 mPa.s (cPs).
- Vitamin E 0.10 g
- Vitamin E 0.10 g
- the oleo limestone liniment obtained has a pH of 7.4 and a viscosity of 1100 mPa.s (cPs).
- Vitamin E 0.10 g
- Sensiva ® SC 10 12.50 g In a beaker with a capacity of 1500 ml, introduce:
- the oleo limestone liniment obtained has a pH of 7.5 and a viscosity of 9000 mPa.s (cPs).
- Vitamin E 0.10 g
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- Birds (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1856467A FR3083701B1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 | 2018-07-13 | Liniment oleo-alcalin |
PCT/FR2019/051755 WO2020012136A1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 | 2019-07-12 | Liniment oléo alcalin |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3820577A1 true EP3820577A1 (fr) | 2021-05-19 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19756225.9A Pending EP3820577A1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 | 2019-07-12 | Liniment oléo alcalin |
Country Status (3)
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EP (1) | EP3820577A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3083701B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020012136A1 (fr) |
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2018
- 2018-07-13 FR FR1856467A patent/FR3083701B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-07-12 EP EP19756225.9A patent/EP3820577A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-07-12 WO PCT/FR2019/051755 patent/WO2020012136A1/fr unknown
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WO2020012136A1 (fr) | 2020-01-16 |
FR3083701B1 (fr) | 2020-08-14 |
FR3083701A1 (fr) | 2020-01-17 |
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Owner name: GIFRER BARBEZAT Owner name: OLIVY APS Owner name: LABORATORIA QUALIPHAR |