EP3807920A1 - Vakuumschaltröhre und hochspannungsschaltanordnung - Google Patents
Vakuumschaltröhre und hochspannungsschaltanordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3807920A1 EP3807920A1 EP19752936.5A EP19752936A EP3807920A1 EP 3807920 A1 EP3807920 A1 EP 3807920A1 EP 19752936 A EP19752936 A EP 19752936A EP 3807920 A1 EP3807920 A1 EP 3807920A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum interrupter
- insulator
- dielectric material
- interrupter according
- vacuum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
- H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
- H01H2033/66284—Details relating to the electrical field properties of screens in vacuum switches
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vacuum interrupter according to the preamble of claim 1 and a high-voltage switching arrangement according to claim 14.
- the gas or vacuum circuit breaker is used to interrupt operating and fault currents.
- power switching chambers are connected in series in order to comply with the performance data prescribed by the standard.
- the voltages are distributed over the individual parts of the power interrupters to 50% each.
- control elements are connected in parallel with the individual power switching chambers in accordance with the state of the art.
- Such a control element is usually a capacitor or a capacitor and a resistor connected in series. Controls of this type require additional installation space and are to be attached in an insulated manner, which leads overall to a high technical and thus cost-intensive effort.
- the object of the invention is to provide a vacuum interrupter for high-voltage applications and a high-voltage switching arrangement which, compared to the prior art, has a lower technical outlay for providing control elements.
- the object is achieved in a vacuum interrupter with the features of claim 1 and in a high-voltage switching arrangement with the features of claim 14.
- the vacuum interrupter according to the invention comprises a housing with at least one annular ceramic isolator element, which forms a vacuum space. Furthermore, the vacuum interrupter comprises a contact system with two contacts arranged to be movable relative to one another.
- the vacuum interrupter is characterized in that a capacitive element with two electrodes and a dielectric material arranged between the electrodes is provided, the capacitive element being positively attached to the insulator element and having a capacitance that is between 400 pF and 4000 pF having.
- the vacuum interrupter according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that the control element required for distributing the voltage to the individual power switching chambers is integrated into the vacuum interrupter, specifically on the surface of the insulator element. This leads to a saving in manufacturing costs and to a lower technical outlay when providing the vacuum interrupter and to avoid assembly costs.
- a resistive element in addition to the capacitive element, that is to say the capacitor, there is also a resistive element, that is to say a resistor and likewise integrated in at least one insulator element. This can be used in particular for a series connection of resistive element and capacitive element and for a series connection of these two elements.
- the dielectric material of the capacitive element is applied in layers on a surface of the isolator element.
- both the inner and the outer surface of the Isolatorelemen are suitable for this, but the attachment of the resistive element on the outer surface has the advantage that a higher selection of materials, such as a ferroelectric material, embedded in an epoxy resin matrix, are available . as there are very special requirements for the outgassing behavior of the materials for the inner surface.
- the resistance of the resistive element preferably has a value which is between 100 ohms and 1500 ohms or between 10 8 and 10 15 ohms.
- the dielectric material is preferably applied as a layer on the surface of the insulator element and the layer has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m or 1 mm to 5 mm.
- the associated electrodes are arranged with respect to an extension of the insulator element along a switching axis on an upper and a lower end face. It is expedient if the electrodes are integrated in solder points between insulator elements. Electrodes can be easily attached to these end faces and between them the dielectric material can be attached to the outer surface of the insulator element and thus contacted. The integration of the electrodes in the solder points is useful but not necessary. The soldering point itself can also serve as an electrode.
- the electrodes are arranged in the form of a layer or a wrapping on the outer surface of the insulator element, so that the dielectric material is in turn arranged on this in a second layer or second winding and that one in a alternating layer sequence of electrodes and dielectric material on the outer surface of the insulator material, the capacitive element is generated.
- a further embodiment of the invention is a high-voltage switching arrangement which comprises a vacuum interrupter according to one of the preceding claims and which also has a further interrupter unit connected in series with it.
- One of the two interrupter units is preferably the described vacuum interrupter and a second interrupter unit is a gas-insulated switch. If a gas-insulated switch is used, a parallel connection of conventional control elements to the gas-insulated switch is required.
- FIG. 1 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a high-voltage switching arrangement from the prior art with control elements connected in parallel
- FIG. 2 shows a high-voltage switchgear assembly with two interrupter units connected in series and having integrated control elements
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a vacuum interrupter with resistive and capacitive control elements integrated on the surfaces of insulator elements
- FIG. 4 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the arrangement of the capacitive and resistive elements for the vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 3,
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 1 with control elements in the lower and upper region of the vacuum interrupter
- FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the control elements for the vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 5,
- FIG. 7 shows a vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 1 with control elements according to the equivalent circuit diagram from FIG. 8,
- FIG. 8 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the control elements for the vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 7,
- FIG. 9 shows a vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 1, the capacitive element being applied to an insulator element in the form of an alternating layer,
- FIG. 10 shows an enlarged section of the layer sequence from section X in FIGS. 9 and
- FIG. 11 shows an equivalent circuit diagram for the control element according to the vacuum interrupter from FIG. 9.
- FIG. 1 a series connection of two interrupter units 32 is shown according to the prior art. These breaker units 32 can be gas-insulated switches, but it can also be vacuum interrupters. In parallel to the interrupter units 32 connected in series, control elements 34 are connected in order to protect the individual interrupter units 32 in this series circuit from overload. For this purpose, resistors or capacitors are used in parallel or in series. The tensions conditions are thereby divided between the individual interrupter units 32 and an overload is prevented.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which an interrupter unit 32 in the form of a vacuum interrupter 2 is connected in series with a further interrupter unit 32.
- the vacuum interrupter 2 has control elements 34 which are designed in the form of capacitive elements 12 and which are integrated in the vacuum interrupter 2, as will be explained in more detail in accordance with FIG. 3.
- Figure 3 shows a cross section through a vacuum interrupter 2, which has a housing 3, the housing 3 having a plurality of insulator elements 4 and a centrally attached metal screen 5.
- the metal screen 5 is arranged in the housing 3 so that it is mounted in the position in which contacts 9 and 10, which together form a contact system 8, are movably mounted along a switching axis 24.
- the insulator elements 4 are designed essentially cylindrical, whereby they are also stacked one above the other along the switching axis 24 and form a cylinder along this switching axis 24, which also form the cylinder axis.
- the individual insulator elements 4 are positively connected to one another, a solder connection predominating in most cases.
- the housing 3, which encloses the contact system 8, thereby forms a vacuum space 8, which is closed in a vacuum-tight manner with respect to the atmosphere.
- control elements 34 are arranged on surfaces 20, 21 of the isolator elements 4, at least one capacitive element 12 being applied to a surface 20, 21 of the isolator element 4.
- control elements 34 are arranged on surfaces 20, 21 of the isolator elements 4, at least one capacitive element 12 being applied to a surface 20, 21 of the isolator element 4.
- Electrodes 14 are provided, which are preferably arranged between end faces 25 and 26 of the insulator elements 4 along the switching axis 24.
- the electrodes 14 can be extensions of solder surfaces 27, which are used to connect the individual insulator elements 4.
- the electrodes 14 protrude radially to the axis 24 seen a little way over the end faces 25 and 26 of the insulator elements 4, so that between these protruding projections of the electrical 14, a dielectric material 16 is arranged on the outer upper surface 20 of the insulator element 4 which is contacted by the electrodes 14.
- the electrodes 14, which contact the dielectric material 16, together form the capacitive element 12.
- a resistive material 19 is likewise arranged between electrodes 14, which are fundamentally identical, and is contacted by them. This results in the resistive element 18 together with the electrodes.
- a capacitive element is arranged on the uppermost insulator element 4 on the outer surface 20, which is connected via the same electrodes 14 as the resistive element on the inside of the isolator element 4. This results in a parallel connection of the two control elements 34. Together with a further resistive element 18 on the adjacent isolator element 4 in FIG. 3, the equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. 4 results.
- FIG. 5 shows a representation of the vacuum interrupter 2 according to FIG. 1, the arrangement of the control elements 32 being distributed symmetrically between the housing 3 and the isolator elements 4 with respect to the housing 3. This enables a targeted voltage distribution along the housing 3 to different insulator elements 4. This is a series connection between a capacitive element 12 and a resistive element 18, as is shown as an equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 7 also shows a vacuum interrupter 2 according to FIG. 1, both a capacitive element 12 and a resistive element 18 being attached to the outer surface 20 of the isolator element 4.
- the dielectric material 16 is seen radially inside, followed by insulation not described here and then the resistive material 19.
- Both the dielectric material 16 and the resistive material 19 are with the electrodes 14 according to the equivalent circuit diagram from FIG 8 connected to a parallel connection.
- a further resistive element 18, as already described, is applied to the subsequent insulator element 4, so that a further resistive element 18 is connected in series with the parallel connection of the resistive element 18 and the capacitive element 12, as shown in FIG. 8 is shown as an equivalent circuit diagram.
- This circuit can also be repeated symmetrically on the lower part of the housing 3, analogously to FIG. 5.
- all control elements 34 can be attached both to an inner surface 21 and to an outer upper surface 20 of the insulator elements 4.
- FIG. 9 An alternative embodiment of the capacitive element 12 is shown in FIG.
- alternating layers of electrode 14 and dielectric material 16 ra dial are wrapped around the outer surface 20 of the insulator element 4.
- FIG. 9 An enlarged representation of the detail X in FIG. 9 is shown in FIG.
- a dielectric material 16 is embedded in each case by a layer of conductive electrode material in the form of the electrode 14.
- the corresponding replacement circuit diagram is given in Figure 11.
- FIG. 9 is only an example of a capacitance or a capacitive element 12 represents Darge.
- the vacuum interrupter shown in FIG. 9 can also be provided with further control elements, as described in FIGS. 3, 5 and 7, in any combination, both inside and outside, as required.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018212853.7A DE102018212853A1 (de) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Vakuumschaltröhre und Hochspannungsschaltanordnung |
PCT/EP2019/069868 WO2020025407A1 (de) | 2018-08-01 | 2019-07-24 | Vakuumschaltröhre und hochspannungsschaltanordnung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3807920A1 true EP3807920A1 (de) | 2021-04-21 |
EP3807920B1 EP3807920B1 (de) | 2023-06-28 |
Family
ID=67620380
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19752936.5A Active EP3807920B1 (de) | 2018-08-01 | 2019-07-24 | Vakuumschaltröhre und hochspannungsschaltanordnung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11456133B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3807920B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7187670B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102568806B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN112514020B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102018212853A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020025407A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4195231A4 (de) * | 2020-08-05 | 2024-05-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Vakuumventil |
DE102021201781A1 (de) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-08-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung für Mittel- und/oder Hochspannungsanwendungen |
DE102021207964A1 (de) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Vakuumschalteinheit und Vakuumschalter |
DE102021207960A1 (de) | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Vakuumschaltröhre und Anordnung mit Vakuumschaltröhren sowie Verfahren zum Absteuern von Vakuumschaltröhren |
DE102021207963A1 (de) | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Vakuumschaltröhre zum Schalten von Spannungen |
DE102021207962A1 (de) | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-26 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Vakuumschaltröhre und Anordnung mit Vakuumschaltröhren sowie Verfahren zum Absteuern von Vakuumschaltröhren |
DE102022201174A1 (de) | 2022-02-04 | 2023-08-10 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Steuerbare Vakuumschaltröhre und Anordnung sowie Verfahren zum Absteuern von Vakuumschaltröhren |
DE102022207958A1 (de) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-02-08 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | RC-Anordnungen zum Schalten von induktiven Strömen mit Hochspannungs-Vakuumschaltern |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3411038A (en) * | 1966-07-22 | 1968-11-12 | Gen Electric | Vacuum-type circuit interrupter |
GB1322973A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1973-07-11 | Ass Elect Ind | High-voltage insulators |
CH566070A5 (de) * | 1974-06-13 | 1975-08-29 | Sprecher & Schuh Ag | |
US4027123A (en) * | 1975-03-11 | 1977-05-31 | General Electric Company | Vacuum circuit breaker comprising series connected vacuum interrupters and capacitive voltage-distribution means |
JPS52142658U (de) * | 1976-04-23 | 1977-10-28 | ||
JPS54164465U (de) * | 1978-05-10 | 1979-11-17 | ||
JPS5736733A (de) * | 1980-08-14 | 1982-02-27 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | |
JPH03179627A (ja) * | 1989-12-08 | 1991-08-05 | Hitachi Ltd | 真空遮断器 |
DE4447391C1 (de) * | 1994-12-23 | 1996-06-05 | Siemens Ag | Vakuumschalter |
DE10048838B4 (de) * | 2000-09-30 | 2008-09-18 | Abb Ag | Kapazitive Steuerung mindestens einer Vakuum-Schaltkammer |
JP4481808B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-15 | 2010-06-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 真空開閉装置 |
EP1858044B1 (de) * | 2006-05-15 | 2014-04-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Schaltanlage |
CN101393818A (zh) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-03-25 | 国网武汉高压研究院 | 高压真空断路器 |
DE102009031598B4 (de) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-06-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vakuumschaltröhre |
FR2968827B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-12-21 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de detection de la perte de vide dans un appareil de coupure a vide et appareil de coupure a vide comportant un tel dispositif |
US8497446B1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2013-07-30 | Michael David Glaser | Encapsulated vacuum interrupter with grounded end cup and drive rod |
FR2971884B1 (fr) * | 2011-02-17 | 2014-01-17 | Alstom Grid Sas | Chambre de coupure d'un courant electrique pour disjoncteur a haute ou moyenne tension et disjoncteur comprenant une telle chambre |
CN103325609B (zh) * | 2013-05-31 | 2016-04-13 | 陈波 | 中压投切电容器组用真空开关 |
FR3023650B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-08-19 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Interrupteur isole par du vide autorisant un test du vide, ensemble d'interrupteur et procede de test |
EP2996131B1 (de) * | 2014-09-12 | 2020-08-05 | ABB Schweiz AG | Vakuumschalterpol für eine Hochdruckumgebungsanwendung |
CN110289190B (zh) | 2015-10-23 | 2024-08-06 | 北京瑞恒新源投资有限公司 | 带真空灭弧室的多功能电容型套管 |
JP2017157453A (ja) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-07 | 株式会社明電舎 | 分圧コンデンサ及び多点切り遮断器 |
JP6156535B1 (ja) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-07-05 | 株式会社明電舎 | 分圧コンデンサ |
DE102016214752A1 (de) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Isolators |
-
2018
- 2018-08-01 DE DE102018212853.7A patent/DE102018212853A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-07-24 EP EP19752936.5A patent/EP3807920B1/de active Active
- 2019-07-24 KR KR1020217005519A patent/KR102568806B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2019-07-24 JP JP2021505694A patent/JP7187670B2/ja active Active
- 2019-07-24 CN CN201980051266.XA patent/CN112514020B/zh active Active
- 2019-07-24 WO PCT/EP2019/069868 patent/WO2020025407A1/de unknown
- 2019-07-24 US US17/264,932 patent/US11456133B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20210033525A (ko) | 2021-03-26 |
US11456133B2 (en) | 2022-09-27 |
JP2021533540A (ja) | 2021-12-02 |
WO2020025407A1 (de) | 2020-02-06 |
JP7187670B2 (ja) | 2022-12-12 |
EP3807920B1 (de) | 2023-06-28 |
KR102568806B1 (ko) | 2023-08-21 |
CN112514020B (zh) | 2024-07-12 |
US20210327666A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
DE102018212853A1 (de) | 2020-02-06 |
CN112514020A (zh) | 2021-03-16 |
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