EP3807641A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung von analyten mittels kompetitiver bindungsreaktion - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung von analyten mittels kompetitiver bindungsreaktionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3807641A1 EP3807641A1 EP19730347.2A EP19730347A EP3807641A1 EP 3807641 A1 EP3807641 A1 EP 3807641A1 EP 19730347 A EP19730347 A EP 19730347A EP 3807641 A1 EP3807641 A1 EP 3807641A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- analytes
- indicator
- carrier material
- signal
- kinetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/557—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using kinetic measurement, i.e. time rate of progress of an antigen-antibody interaction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/566—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using specific carrier or receptor proteins as ligand binding reagents where possible specific carrier or receptor proteins are classified with their target compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of one or more analytes in a sample by continuous, kinetic and / or thermodynamic measurement of the competitive binding reaction of the analytes and at least one indicator for binding to a carrier material.
- the present invention deals with analytical questions and provides a new method for the detection of analytes with molecular, biological and substance-based receptors and chemosensors (carriers, carrier materials).
- relevant analytes and suitable host materials (receptors) to which the analytes to be examined can bind do not cause any inherent spectroscopic reactions (e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence, UV activity, etc.).
- Analytical methods using competitive binding reactions can overcome this problem.
- a receptor-indicator complex carrier material indicator complex
- the indicator is bound to a carrier material (host material, receptor) which is also suitable for binding the analyte to be determined.
- Such indirect sensor methods are widespread in biological, pharmaceutical and supramolecular analysis, and the analytes are determined by measuring the spectroscopic response of the indicator in a bound and unbound state.
- Such indirect assays include, in particular, so-called competition binding assays (CBA) or indicator displacement assays (IDA). These CBA or IDA methods are based on the principle of a competitive displacement reaction of the bound indicator from the receptor (carrier material) by the analyte, this displacement reaction being able to be determined and monitored analytically by means of thermodynamic measurement methods.
- analytes in the IDA or CBA give the same type of response, e.g. B. a change in the intensity of a spectroscopic signal.
- the analyzed analytes can only be distinguished by the different magnitude of the signal change that they cause. Strongly binding analytes displace more indicators and thus deliver stronger signals than weakly binding analytes, provided that all occur in the same concentration.
- weakly binding analytes can also be strong provide a spectroscopic response, namely when they occur in a higher concentration.
- analytes cannot be qualitatively distinguished in practice, since the concentration of an analyte is typically unknown.
- thermodanamic IDA thermodanamic IDA
- the present invention enables the simultaneous identification and quantification of analytes regardless of their concentration in the reaction mixture by continuously measuring the signal change generated due to the competition reaction, and thus recording both the kinetic and the thermodynamic reaction data.
- BIAcore setup Kinetic information about antibody-antigen binding is also often used with a BIAcore setup to determine affinities. This can be done as a competitive binding assay.
- the BIAcore experiments require surface immobilization and, in contrast to the methods of the present invention, do not use an indicator, but rather follow the direct receptor analyte. Complex formation due to changes in the refractive index at the surface where the bond interaction takes place.
- CBn-IDA based methods were used to monitor the kinetic / reaction progress of enzymatic, chemical and biophysical processes, but the IDA reaction kinetics were not used. In fact, IDA kinetics are required to be faster than the bioreaction or biophysical process that is to be monitored. The identification and quantification of unknown analytes based on kinetic IDA information has not been described.
- HORIBA has established a ready-to-use measuring device for the detection of the binding affinities of selectively binding analytes such as antibodies or affimers to their target molecules on the basis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR).
- SPR surface plasmon resonance
- the technique is label-free by immobilizing the selectively binding analytes on a gold substrate. Binding can be followed by varying the SPR signal in time and concentration.
- Kinetic curves can be detected and directly adapted to a 1: 1 binding model. The kinetic curves serve here as information about the time that is required for the occurrence of the binding event, but not for the identification of the analytes. Their identification is based on the binding affinity of the analyte for its complement.
- the present invention is essentially based on the fact that, compared to conventional CBA or IDA methods that are carried out exclusively in thermodynamic mode (ie generally after the system has been set to equilibrium), the signal change in the course of the reaction is continuously measured and recorded for the first time the kinetic measurement data thus obtained can be used for qualitative and quantitative evaluation.
- the present invention is therefore directed to new kinetic measurement methods for the qualitative and quantitative identification of analytes.
- a competitive binding reaction which is the reverse of that of the conventional CBA or IDA methods is also used and recorded. While in conventional exclusively thermodynamically guided CBA or IDA methods the indicator is displaced from the carrier (receptor, host) by an analyte, the present invention also relates to new measurement methods in which the analyte is removed from the carrier (receptor, host) by an indicator ) displaced and the resulting signal of the indicator is recorded in the sense of an inverted signal protocol. This reversal of the competitive binding reaction surprisingly enabled an improved analyte differentiation ability compared to conventional (thermodynamic) CBA and IDA-based methods.
- ABA associative binding assay / analyte binding assay
- the inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that with a new method based on a competitive binding reaction that is opposite to IDA and CBA methods, both a kinetic and a thermodynamic procedure can be carried out, and surprisingly not only the quantification but also the identification of different analytes is possible is. It was also surprisingly found that these new methods according to the invention also enable an improved analyte differentiation ability in comparison to conventional thermodynamic CBAs and IDAs.
- the method according to the invention also enables the determination of binding constants (affinities) for water-insoluble substances (e.g. drugs, toxins) with water-soluble / dispersible carrier materials (receptors / hosts), such as e.g. B. cyclodextrins, BSA and HSA proteins, without the need to use organic co-solvents, which can otherwise eliminate annoying spectroscopic errors and binding artifacts and biomolecule compatibility problems.
- the object of the present invention was to provide a new method for determining analytes which does not have the disadvantages of the methods described.
- the object of the present invention was to provide a new method for the qualitative and / or quantitative determination of unknown analytes.
- Another object of the present invention was to provide a new method with improved analyte differentiation ability compared to conventional thermodynamic CBAs and IDAs.
- Another object of the present invention was to provide a new method based on competitive binding reactions for determining binding constants (affinities) for water-insoluble substances with water-soluble / dispersible carrier materials (receptors / hosts) without the need to use organic co-solvents.
- step b) is carried out before step c) and in step c) the indicator binds to the support material with displacement and release of the analyte from the support material
- steps b) and c) are carried out simultaneously and the addition to
- binding analyte and the at least one indicator bind to the carrier material in a competitive binding reaction
- step c) is carried out before step b), the at least one indicator being added to the unloaded support material and binding to the support material to form a support material-indicator complex, and then the analyte to be determined is added to the support material-indicator complex is and binds to the carrier material with displacement and release of the indicator from the carrier material-indicator complex;
- step d) Method according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein in step d) the analytes are determined by continuous measurement of the signal of the competitive binding reaction while obtaining a continuous spectroscopic profile of the competitive binding reaction.
- Binding reaction at a defined time or after discontinuation of the Equilibrium of the competitive binding reaction and a quantitative determination of the analytes from the thermodynamic measurement value thus obtained.
- determining analytes are water-soluble or water-insoluble compounds, including in particular hormones and steroids such as 19-nortestosterone, progesterone, ⁇ -estradiol, prednisolone; Drugs or toxins such as nicotine, phenylbutazone, tetracycline and warfarin; Metabolites and neurotransmitters like typtamine, serotonin, histamine and trace amines like spermidine.
- hormones and steroids such as 19-nortestosterone, progesterone, ⁇ -estradiol, prednisolone
- Drugs or toxins such as nicotine, phenylbutazone, tetracycline and warfarin
- Carrier material is selected from the group comprising water-soluble
- Macrocyclic molecules such as, in particular, cucurbit [n] uriles, cyclodextrins, proteins such as BSA and HSA proteins, and also nanoporous crystalline three-dimensional materials, including zeolites, organosilicates, organometallic frameworks (MOF) and covalent organic framework materials (COF), where cucurbit [n] uriles and zeolites are particularly preferred.
- Compounds are and as carrier materials water-soluble molecules from the group consisting of cucurbiturils, cyclodextrins, BSA and HSA proteins or water-dispersible nanoporous crystalline three-dimensional materials, in particular zeolites.
- Chromophores Chromophores, phosphorescent dyes, spin active dyes, electrochemoactive dyes, electrochemiluminescent dyes and chemiluminescent
- Dyes in particular from the group of water-soluble dyes.
- step a) the dispersion of the carrier material in water
- step b) the addition of one containing the analytes to be determined
- Phosphorescence signal circular dichroism signal (CD), fluorescence-detected circular dichroism signal (FDCD), circularly polarized emission signal (CPL), fluorescence anisotropy signal / polarization signal, vibration spectroscopy signal (Raman, IR) or nuclear magnetic resonance signal (NMR).
- CD circular dichroism signal
- FDCD fluorescence-detected circular dichroism signal
- CPL circularly polarized emission signal
- fluorescence anisotropy signal / polarization signal fluorescence anisotropy signal / polarization signal
- vibration spectroscopy signal Raman, IR
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance signal
- Embodiments comprising a carrier material suitable for binding the analytes to be determined and an indicator, and at least one indicator.
- the present invention relates to a new method for the qualitative and / or quantitative determination of one or more analytes.
- the new method is based in particular on the use of new kinetic measuring methods.
- the new method is based on a competitive binding reaction between the analytes to be determined and a signaling indicator.
- the method according to the invention differs from conventional (thermodynamic) CBA and IDA methods in that the analytes to be examined are brought into direct contact with the unloaded carrier material.
- the bound analyte is either subsequently displaced from the carrier material and released by adding a suitable indicator in a competitive binding reaction, which is referred to as the ADA method or ADA method (ADA; analyte displacement assay), or analyte and indicator compete at the same time
- ADA a suitable indicator in a competitive binding reaction
- SAIBA simultaneous analyte-indicator binding assay
- the signal change which occurs due to the binding of the added indicator to the carrier material is measured and recorded.
- a continuous, ie time-resolved or kinetic measurement and recording of the signal caused by the indicator is preferably carried out in the method according to the invention.
- This continuous measurement data is also referred to as kinetic data.
- the inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that these new kinetic measurement methods provide a qualitative determination and identification of the examined Analytes enable what is not possible with the conventional measurement methods while collecting the thermodynamic data.
- Methods according to the invention in which a continuous measurement of the competitive binding reaction is measured and thus the kinetic data of this reaction are collected, are also referred to as kinADA or kinSAIBA or kinIDA.
- This new kinetic procedure can also be carried out analogously with non-competitive ABA processes, which are then referred to analogously as kinABA processes.
- ABA process a "direct" bond to the carrier material is measured next to the indicator.
- the indicator and the carrier material together form the complementary host to the guest (analyte) and give a signal through communication between the indicator and guest. Because of the direct binding, this type of reaction is often faster and the detection requires appropriate hardware, but this type of binding or method also enables the recording and measurement of the kinetic information to identify and quantify the analyte.
- the kinetic procedure of the determination methods according to the invention enables both the identification and the quantification of the analyzed analytes.
- the kinADA and kinSAIBA method as well as the kinIDA or kinABA method can be set so that the time-resolved spectroscopic reaction profile (e.g. the initial velocities) only depends on the identity of the analyte but is independent of the analyte concentration. This means that the identity of the analyte can be determined by comparison with reference data which are obtained from kinetic spectroscopic reaction profiles of comparison substances.
- the kinetic spectroscopic reaction profile of a compound represents a kind of "kinetic fingerprint" that can be used to identify the analytes.
- an IDA method carried out in the kinetic mode leads to a reaction kinetics which is too fast for many carrier analyte systems, so that very specific measuring devices (e.g. stopped flow measurements) are required in each case for a measurement of the kinetic profile.
- very specific measuring devices e.g. stopped flow measurements
- the kinIDA process offers advantages over the conventional thermIDA process and through careful selection Suitable carrier analyte indicator systems can also be carried out using kinIDA routine measurement applications.
- a conventional thermIDA method with unselective carrier materials generally does not allow quantification and qualification.
- the new kinIDA and kinADA methods according to the invention can achieve this and can carry the same information.
- To qualify (as explained further below) one component can be submitted in excess, with kinIDA the analyte and with kinADA the indicator, then both methods lead to the same kinetic information.
- the concentration of the analyte is not known in the IDA method, it cannot be determined in the same step.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that the identity of the analytes under investigation can be determined in a first kinIDA measurement (qualitative determination) and a quantitative determination can then also be carried out in a further kinIDA measurement on the basis of the knowledge obtained therein, or vice versa (first quantitative determination and then identification).
- first quantitative determination and then identification In the kinADA method, this problem does not arise due to the controlled addition of the known indicator, so that qualitative and quantitative determination is possible in one step.
- the new kinIDA method is also particularly suitable for easily determining kinetic parameters in the laboratory where the concentrations of the components are known. In this way, for example, “true” or “orthogonal” parameters can be determined, since the binding pocket of the carrier material is not changed by one day (derivatization). As a result, the new kinIDA method according to the invention can also be used to determine kinetic binding parameters.
- the concentration of the analytes is also determined using the thermodynamic measurement data thus obtained.
- the known component of the reaction system, the indicator can be controlled in its magnitude (concentration, excess).
- the measurement and recording of the continuous (kinetic) measurement data can, but does not have to take place until equilibrium is established.
- the identification can also already be determined from the profiles obtained before the equilibrium is established, and quantification can also take place at a set (defined) time before the equilibrium is established, which is advantageous from a practical and procedural economic point of view.
- the kinADA and kinSAIBA methods according to the invention can be controlled on the basis of their unique kinetic speed parameters in such a way that Different, respectively controlled concentrations of carrier material (host / receptor) and indicator are used, whereby the kinADA and kinSAIBA methods according to the invention provide quantitative information about the analyte concentration and can simultaneously be used to identify the analytes.
- the identity of the analyte can first be determined, for example using the kinADA or kinSAIBA method according to the invention with an excess of indicator dye present, and the information obtained can then be used to carry out a second ADA or SAIBA method in a thermodynamic or adjust kinetic mode to determine the concentration of the analyte.
- Another advantage of the determination methods according to the invention is that mixtures of analytes can also be analyzed and both the identity of the various analytes and their concentrations can be determined therefrom.
- Kinetic methods such as the kinIDA, kinABA, kinADA and kinSAIBA methods described herein are thus preferred.
- the kinIDA, kinADA and kinSAIBA method is particularly preferred.
- the kinADA and kinSAIBA process is even more preferred.
- the ADA and SAIBA processes according to the invention can also be used to determine the binding constants (affinities) of water-soluble and water-insoluble substances (for example drugs, hormones, fragrances, flavorings (flavors) with water-soluble carrier materials, such as cyclodextrins, BSA and HSA proteins, without the need to use organic co-solvents.
- water-soluble and water-insoluble substances for example drugs, hormones, fragrances, flavorings (flavors)
- water-soluble carrier materials such as cyclodextrins, BSA and HSA proteins
- water-soluble molecules from the group consisting of cucurbiturils, cyclodextrins, BSA and HSA proteins or water-dispersible nanoporous crystalline are preferred three-dimensional materials, such as zeolites in particular, selected.
- water-soluble indicators are also preferably used.
- aqueous reaction medium / aqueous reaction media
- aqueous reaction medium / aqueous reaction media encompasses both pure water and water-based solutions which can contain further water-soluble components.
- Such aqueous reaction media or aqueous solutions are therefore preferably hydrophilic water-based reaction solutions which are essentially free of non-polar organic solvents or extractants.
- Water-soluble (hydrophilic) components that can be contained in the aqueous reaction media of the present invention include, in particular, polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol (n-propanol, i-propanol), butanol (n-butanol, i-butanol, tert Butanol) etc., and buffer substances, in particular those for adjusting biologically relevant buffer systems, for example phosphate buffers, HEPES, TRIS, MOPS, MES, PIPES etc.
- Aqueous reaction media in the sense of the present invention can also organic acids, such as CF3COOH, CH3COOH, p -Toluenesulfonic acid etc., or inorganic acids such as HCl, HBr, HF, H2SO4, H3PO4 etc., or inorganic bases such as LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 , Ba (OH) 2 , Li 2 C0 3 , K 2 C0 3 , Na 2 C0 3 , NaHCOs, etc., or organic bases, such as, for example, amines such as triethylamine, diethylisopropylamine, BU4NOH, piperidine, morpholine, alkylpyridines, etc., contain.
- organic acids such as CF3COOH, CH3COOH, p -Toluenesulfonic acid etc.
- inorganic acids such as HCl, HBr, HF, H2SO4, H3PO
- the kinADA, kinSAIBA, thermADA and thermSAIBA methods according to the invention can also be used to determine analytes in an inhomogeneous matrix.
- these methods according to the invention compared to IDA and CBA methods, it is possible to use the sample to be examined directly and to remove the matrix components contained therein after binding the analytes by means of suitable cleaning steps such as washing or centrifuging, before the competitive binding reaction and signal detection takes place.
- suitable cleaning steps such as washing or centrifuging
- such cleaning and removal of disruptive matrix constituents can be achieved, for example, by dispersing the carrier material (host / receptor) in water and soaking it with the sample to be determined or otherwise in Is brought into contact.
- the analytes bind to the carrier material.
- the matrix is then separated, e.g. B. by centrifugation or washing, the carrier material loaded with analyte being retained.
- the indicator is then added to the analyte-loaded carrier material (carrier-analyte complex) and the signal measurement is carried out.
- This process variant is particularly suitable for the ADA, thermADA and kinADA processes according to the invention.
- Determination method in an array-based procedure can further improve the analyte classification and the analyte identification can be binary by recognizing patterns
- kinSAIBA also offers options for identifying and quantifying analytes that are comparable to those of kinADA.
- kinIDA, kinABA, ADA, thermADA, kinADA, SAIBA, thermSAIBA and kinSAIBA can in principle be carried out in all types of process control that are also known for conventional thermodynamic IDA or CBA or ABA processes.
- a process control in cuvettes, in microtiter plates, in microfluidic devices, on surfaces (cover glasses, chips) is possible.
- time-resolved signals ie continuous measurement and recording
- Both water-soluble and water-insoluble compounds can be determined using the methods of the present invention. Both naturally occurring and artificial connections as well as unnatural impurities can be determined. Examples of naturally occurring compounds that are associated with the Methods according to the invention can be determined include hormones, neurotransmitters, metabolites, trace amines, endogenous substances, carbohydrates, naturally occurring cations and anions, naturally occurring medicinally active compounds (drugs, medicines), naturally occurring toxins, and (natural and artificial) fragrances and flavorings.
- hormones examples include steroids, proteins, amino acid derivatives and peptide hormones, such as e.g. ß-Estradiol progesterone, testosterone, prednisolone, insulin, adrenaline and somatostatin.
- neurotransmitters examples include serotonin, acetylcholine and histamine.
- Examples of metabolites and trace amines that can be determined by the methods of the invention include amino acid derivatives and amino acid degradation products such as e.g. Tryptophanamide, cadaverine, spermidine and tryptamine.
- endogenous substances which can be determined using the methods according to the invention include amino acids, peptides and proteins, such as e.g. Phenylalanine, Phe-Ala-Val-Gly, His-Ala, Trp-Gly, and insulin.
- carbohydrates examples include sugars such as e.g. Mannose.
- Examples of cations and anions which can be determined using the method according to the invention include minerals, trace elements, heavy metal ions, phosphates and carboxylates such as Na + , Ca 2+ , K + etc., Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Ce + , Cd + etc., Ru 2+ , Pd 2+ , Hg + etc., pyrophosphates, amino acids etc.
- Naturally occurring medicinally active compounds which can be determined by the methods according to the invention include antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sympathomimetic agents, and antibiotics, e.g. Metformin, lisinopril, naproxen, amphetamine, teixobactin, tetracycline etc.
- Naturally occurring toxins that can be determined by the methods of the invention include alkaloid and nitrosamines, e.g. Nicotine, sanguinarine and (4-methylnitrosamino) -1- (3-pyridyl) -1-butanone.
- artificial compounds examples include anabolic steroids, pesticides and artificial sex hormones, such as eg artificial steroids, insecticides and fungicides, such as 19-nortestosterone, pralidoxime, trifloxystrobin and ethinylestradiol.
- unnatural contaminants examples include fossil wastes such as oil and coal, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as e.g. Biphenyl, naphthalene and fluorene.
- PHAs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- indicators that can be used in the methods of the present invention include UV dyes, fluorescent dyes, chromophores, phosphorescent dyes, spin active dyes, electrochemoactive dyes, electrochemiluminescent dyes and chemiluminescent dyes.
- indicators can be used which emit a measurable signal and by means of fluorescence, absorption, electrochemiluminescence methods, by means of circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence-detected circular dichroism (FDCD), circularly polarized emission (CPL), fluorescence anisotropy / polarization, vibration spectroscopy (Raman, IR) or by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron spin resonance or potentiometry methods.
- CD circular dichroism
- FDCD fluorescence-detected circular dichroism
- CPL circularly polarized emission
- CPL fluorescence anisotropy / polarization
- vibration spectroscopy Raman, IR
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
- fluorescent or absorption indicators include aromatics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polycyclic heteroaromatic hydrocarbons, carbazole dyes, acridine dyes, alkaloid dyes, xanthene dyes, bodipy dyes, diazo dyes, quinonimine dyes and metal complexes.
- PAHs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- heteroaromatic hydrocarbons carbazole dyes, acridine dyes, alkaloid dyes, xanthene dyes, bodipy dyes, diazo dyes, quinonimine dyes and metal complexes.
- Examples include DAPI, 1, 8 ANS, AEC, Proflavin, Berberin, Lucigenin, Dapoxyl, MDPP, MDAP, Acridin Orange, Fluorescin, Rhodamin 6G, Pyronin Y, dansylamid, BD140, Kernechtrot, Rubipy, Irbipy and Methylenblau as well as Xe129, F19, P31, TEMPO, ferrocene, methyl viologen and luciferin.
- Indicators from the group of water-soluble dyes or water-soluble indicators are preferably used.
- the carrier materials (host materials, receptors) which can be used in the method according to the invention must in principle be suitable for binding the analytes to be determined and at least one indicator with which the analytes to be determined compete for the binding sites in the carrier material.
- Examples include organic carrier materials, inorganic porous carrier materials, in particular nanoporous crystalline three-dimensional materials, and protein receptors as carrier materials.
- Examples of organic carrier materials that can be used in the methods for binding analyte and indicator according to the invention include macrocycles, open receptors and acyclic host materials.
- Examples of macrocycles include cucurbit [n] uriles such as CB5, CB6, CB7 and CB8; Cyclodextrins such as a-cyclodextrin (aCD), ⁇ -cyclodextrin, (ßCD), g-cyclodextrin (yCD) and aminocyclodextrin (AminoCD); Calix [n] arenes such as CX4, CX5, CX6, and sulfonatocalix [n] arenes such as SC4, SC5 and SC6; Pillarene such as Pillar [5] arene and DMPillar [5] arene; Cyclophanes such as bipyCP (Cyclobis (paraquat-p-phenylene) (CAS: 117271-76-8) and CP66 (1, 1, 8,8,22,22,29,29-octamethyl-1, 8,22,29-tetraazonia [8.1.8.1] paracyclophane tetrachloride (CAS
- porous carrier materials in particular nanoporous crystalline three-dimensional materials, which can be used in the method according to the invention for binding analyte and indicator, include MOFs (metal organic frameworks) such as ZIF-8, MOF-210, MOF-200, CU3 (BTC) 2 (H2O) 3, covalent organic framework materials (COFs), organosilicates and zeolites such as ZeoA, nanozeolite, ZeoL and ZeoY. From this, particularly preferred carrier materials are zeolites.
- MOFs metal organic frameworks
- ZIF-8 metal organic frameworks
- MOF-210 metal F-210
- MOF-200 CU3 (BTC) 2 (H2O) 3
- COFs covalent organic framework materials
- organosilicates organosilicates
- zeolites such as ZeoA, nanozeolite, ZeoL and ZeoY. From this, particularly preferred carrier materials are zeolites.
- zeolites in particular are suitable as carrier materials for carrying out the processes according to the invention.
- Zeolites are usually used as water softeners or complexing agents in water purification and treatment.
- the binding and complexation of minerals in zeolites is known.
- the binding of indicator dyes in a competitive analyte determination has not yet been described for zeolites as carrier material (host material, receptor). This applies to the methods according to the invention, but also to conventional indirect measurement methods such as the IDA or CBA methods described above.
- Carrier materials from the group of mesoporous solids for competitive binding assays for the indirect determination of analytes are, for example, from Comes, M.
- zeolites only have to be selected to be complementary in size (but not chemically selective) in order to be successfully used as a carrier material in the new processes.
- Another aspect of the present invention thus also relates to the use of zeolites as carrier material (host material or receptor) in IDA- (in particular kinIDA), ABA- (in particular kinABA-), CBA-, ADA- (in particular kinADA-) and SAIBA- (especially kinSAIBA) procedures.
- IDA- in particular kinIDA
- ABA- in particular kinABA-
- CBA- ADA-
- SAIBA- especially kinSAIBA
- Another aspect of the present invention thus relates to a method for the qualitative determination / identification of analytes by means of continuous (time-resolved, kinetic) measurement in an IDA (or CBA), ABA, ADA or SAIBA method, in particular in one kinIDA, kinABA, kinADA or kinSAIBA processes, with a carrier material from the zeolite group.
- the kinetic data are evaluated using reference profiles (kinetic fingerprints) as described above.
- protein receptors as carrier materials which can be used in the methods for binding analyte and indicator according to the invention include transport proteins, antibodies and nucleic acids such as e.g. HSA, BSA, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin D, Immunoglobulin G, DNA and RNA. This results in particularly preferred protein receptors as carrier materials HSA and BSA.
- Typical signal detection methods include absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence-detected circular dichroism (FDCD), circularly polarized emission (CPL), fluorescence anisotropy / polarization, vibration spectroscopy (Raman, IR) and magnetic nuclear magnetic resonance. Fluorescence, fluorescence anisotropy and absorption spectroscopy are particularly preferred according to the invention.
- the kinIDA, ADA, kinADA, kinSAIBA and kinABA methods according to the invention can be carried out array-based using several chemosensitive ensembles in order to improve analyte differentiation and quantification ,
- the conditions for an array-based procedure are known in principle.
- the present invention also comprises assays for carrying out the kinIDA, kinABA, ADA, thermADA, kinADA, SAIBA, thermSAIBA and kinSAIBA methods described herein, comprising a carrier material suitable for binding the analytes to be determined and the at least one indicator, and at least one indicator.
- assays also include instructions and / or measuring devices and / or a program for carrying out and recording the kinetic measurement data and for the qualitative and / or quantitative determination of the analytes from the continuous, kinetic measurement data.
- step b) can be carried out before step c) and in step c) the indicator binds to the support material with displacement and release of the analyte from the support material or ii) steps b) and c) can be carried out simultaneously and the analytes to be determined and the at least one indicator bind to the carrier material in a competitive binding reaction.
- step d) Method according to the preceding embodiment [1], wherein in step d) the analytes are determined by continuous measurement of the signal of the competitive binding reaction while obtaining a continuous spectroscopic profile of the competitive binding reaction.
- the analytes are qualitatively determined from the continuous, kinetic measurement data and / or in which the measurement of the signal of the competitive binding reaction takes place at a defined point in time or after the equilibrium of the competitive binding reaction has been set and the analytes are determined quantitatively from the thermodynamic measurement value thus obtained.
- determining analytes are water-soluble or water-insoluble compounds, in particular hormones and steroids such as 19-nortestosterone, progesterone, ⁇ -estradiol, prednisolone; Drugs or toxins such as nicotine, phenylbutazone, tetracycline and warfarin; Metabolites and neurotransmitters like typtamine, serotonin, histamine and trace amines like spermidine.
- hormones and steroids such as 19-nortestosterone, progesterone, ⁇ -estradiol, prednisolone
- Drugs or toxins such as nicotine, phenylbutazone, tetracycline and warfarin
- Carrier material is selected from the group comprising water-soluble
- Macrocyclic molecules such as in particular cucurbit [n] uriles, cyclodextrins, proteins such as BSA and HSA proteins, and also nanoporous crystalline three-dimensional materials, including zeolites, organosilicates, organometallic frameworks (MOF) and covalent organic framework materials (COF), where cucurbit [n] uriles and zeolites are particularly preferred.
- Chromophores Chromophores, phosphorescent dyes, spin active dyes, electrochemoactive dyes, electrochemiluminescent dyes and chemiluminescent
- Dyes in particular from the group of water-soluble dyes and where that continuously measured signal corresponding to an absorption signal,
- FDCD circular dichroism signal
- CPL circularly polarized emission signal
- Vibration spectroscopy signal Renishaw, IR or nuclear magnetic resonance signal (NMR)
- step a) the dispersion of the carrier material in water
- step b) the addition of one containing the analytes to be determined
- Embodiments comprising a carrier material suitable for binding the analytes to be determined and an indicator, and at least one indicator.
- Measurement data can take place.
- Fig. 1 principle of a (thermodynamic) ADA method according to the present invention
- Fig. 3 Illustration of the principle of a competitive binding of two analytes with an indicator-receptor pair according to a conventional IDA method.
- Analytes can have similar affinities for the receptor (carrier material) so that a similar degree of indicator displacement occurs, or a similar degree of indicator displacement can also be measured when a weakly binding analyte in high concentration is compared with a strongly binding analyte in low concentration. The analyte differentiation is then impossible using conventional IDA methods in thermodynamic mode.
- Fig. 4 illustration of the basic principle of a kinADA method according to the present invention, represented by a fluorescence assay based on an indicator (eg berberine chloride), which almost does not fluoresce outside the receptor (eg CB7), but becomes strongly emissive after the analyte has been displaced.
- an indicator eg berberine chloride
- FIG. 5 result of embodiment 1 of a kinADA method according to the present invention (FIG. 5a) in comparison to a kinetic IDA measurement (FIG. 5b); the kinetic profiles for 19-nortestosterone are displayed (upper curve kinIDA, lower curve kinADA)
- FIG. 16 result of exemplary embodiment 11 of a kinIDA method according to the present invention with CB8 as carrier material and berberine chloride as indicator, in which the kinetic profile for 19-nortestosterone (upper curve) and testosterone (lower curve) is displayed (FIG. 16a) ; and with zeolite L as carrier material and berberine chloride as indicator, in which the kinetic profile for spermidine is indicated (FIG. 16b)
- a suitable carrier material is dissolved / suspended together with the analyte solution (aqueous, buffered) and left to balance (with stirring for a few minutes).
- An indicator at a known concentration is added to this mixture and the signal change (increase / decrease) of the indicator is recorded continuously over time.
- FIG. 5a shows the result in comparison with an IDA method in the kinetic mode (FIG. 5b).
- Berberine chloride (indicator) was then added to increase the signal dye concentration to 19.2 mM, and the time-resolved measurement of the fluorescence signal was started with the recording of the signal intensity at 529 nm with an excitation wavelength of 462 nm with a standard fluorescence spectrophotometer.
- the suppression of observable parameters is a key feature in analytical chemistry.
- the analytes can be classified by analyzing the initial rates. The initial rates were determined for CB8 / steroid complexes and for CB7 / steroid complexes and mixtures. The initial rates shown in the following table can be used to identify the analytes and also help interpret the curves obtained ( Figure 1 1).
- the kinetic parameters ie the rate constants for association (ki) and dissociation (k.-i), provide the basis for the concentration-independent identification of analytes.
- Software can be used to adapt these parameters to known kinetics of the indicator.
- the kinetic constants obtained with the method of the present invention allow a clear distinction between the analytes with the same receptor, as the following table shows:
- a set of differential equations was used to describe the kinetics of the carrier-analyte-indicator interaction and to solve it using mathematical software.
- the resulting model can be used to adjust the signal obtained to calculate the rate constants for the binding partner to be determined (typically the compound of interest, such as an analyte).
- the concentrations of carrier material, analyte and indicator as well as the kinetic parameters for the carrier-indicator interaction and the thermodynamic parameters of the carrier-indicator interaction and the carrier-analyte interaction should be known. These parameters can be obtained in separate experiments.
- the analyte concentration is varied while the substrate and indicator concentrations are kept constant to allow global adjustment.
- competitive binding depends not only on the carrier-analyte kinetics and their thermodynamic parameters, but also on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the carrier-indicator interactions.
- the competitive binding assays kinADA and kinSAIBA according to the invention (and also the kinIDA method described herein) inherently couple the kinetics and thermodynamics of the carrier-analyte and the carrier-indicator complexes. Therefore, changing the Indicator (molecular design) the adaptation of the recorded signal in the competitive assay and enables the determination of faster and slower kinetics of analytes to be determined.
- the change in temperature can also be used to shift the kinetic rates to the preferred experimental range.
- the concentration can be determined using kinADA either using a signal intensity after a defined time or after setting the
- Reaction equilibrium take place.
- the kinetic profiles for the identification of the analytes and the thermodynamic information (e.g. after equilibrium establishment) for the concentration determination can be used.
- the analyte to be determined is dissolved together with the indicator solution (aqueous, buffered) and left to balance (stirring for a few minutes).
- a carrier material in known concentration is added to this mixture and the signal change (increase / decrease) of the indicator is recorded continuously over time.
- Embodiment 10 of a kinSAIBA method is a kinSAIBA method
- thermodynamic SAIBA process (thermSAIBA ' ):
- thermodynamic SAIBA a thermodynamic SAIBA process
- Figure 15 contrasts the two thermodynamic competitive binding assays of the present invention ADA ( Figure 15a) and SAIBA ( Figure 15b) with the conventional thermodynamic competitive binding assay IDA ( Figure 15c) and the literature value ( Figure 15d).
- a suitable carrier material is dissolved / suspended together with the indicator solution (aqueous, buffered) and left to balance (stirring for a few minutes).
- An analyte at a known concentration is added to this mixture and the signal change (increase / decrease) of the indicator is recorded continuously over time.
- Fluorescence cuvette stirred at 25 ° C for 5 min. Testosterone (analyte, steroid) was then added to increase the analyte concentration to 7.3 mM, and the time-resolved measurement of the fluorescence signal with the recording of the signal intensity at 550 nm with an excitation wavelength of 437 nm was started with a standard fluorescence spectrophotometer.
- the table below shows a selection of successfully tested kinetic assays according to the present invention with different carrier materials, indicators and analytes. Describe:
- PBS phosphate buffer saline (137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 10 mM
- PheGly phenylalanine - glycine dipeptide (27 mM)
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| DE102018209516.7A DE102018209516A1 (de) | 2018-06-14 | 2018-06-14 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Analyten mittels kompetitiver Bindungsreaktion |
| PCT/EP2019/065449 WO2019238805A1 (de) | 2018-06-14 | 2019-06-13 | Verfahren zur bestimmung von analyten mittels kompetitiver bindungsreaktion |
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| CN112525874B (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-06-03 | 集美大学 | 一种测定油脂过氧化值的方法 |
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| CN115096839A (zh) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-23 | 赣南师范大学 | 一种基于zif-90负载过氧化氢酶复合材料比色检测atp的方法 |
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