EP3802898B1 - Alliage de molybdène à densité optimisée - Google Patents
Alliage de molybdène à densité optimisée Download PDFInfo
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- EP3802898B1 EP3802898B1 EP19739199.8A EP19739199A EP3802898B1 EP 3802898 B1 EP3802898 B1 EP 3802898B1 EP 19739199 A EP19739199 A EP 19739199A EP 3802898 B1 EP3802898 B1 EP 3802898B1
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- molybdenum alloy
- molybdenum
- alloy
- alloy according
- vanadium
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- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WUJISAYEUPRJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Mo] WUJISAYEUPRJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017262 Mo—B Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AYHOQSGNVUZKJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B+3].[B+3].[B+3].[B+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [B+3].[B+3].[B+3].[B+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] AYHOQSGNVUZKJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDVLWXIUWKQAHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Mo].[B] Chemical compound [Si].[Mo].[B] NDVLWXIUWKQAHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002389 environmental scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
- C22C27/025—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum alloys based on vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/005—Selecting particular materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
- F05D2300/12—Light metals
- F05D2300/123—Boron
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
- F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
- F05D2300/131—Molybdenum
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a density-optimized and high-temperature-resistant alloy based on molybdenum-silicon-boron (Mo-Si-B), a process for its production and its use as a structural material.
- Mo-Si-B molybdenum-silicon-boron
- the ternary Mo-Si-B alloy system not only has a very high melting temperature (beyond 2000 °C), which enables application at temperatures well above 1000 °C, but is also characterized by good oxidation resistance, excellent creep resistance and a sufficient ductile-brittle transition temperature and fracture toughness.
- the ternary Mo-Si-B alloy system is particularly suitable as a structural material for the production of components that are operated at very high temperatures, such as turbine blades and disks in gas turbines, for highly stressed components in aerospace engineering, but also for tools in forming technology.
- the very good oxidation resistance of this alloy system is particularly advantageous for high-temperature applications, provided the silicide content is greater than 50%.
- Protective measures to prevent oxidation such as the use of protective gas or the application of protective layers, can therefore be omitted for materials produced using powder metallurgy or other manufactured, very fine-grained materials with a core size of less than 10 ⁇ m and homogeneous phase distribution.
- EN 25 34 379 A1 refers to a Mo-Si-B alloy, which may also contain vanadium, among other things. However, this is an amorphous alloy that is characterized by high thermal stability, i.e. it is stable even at high temperatures and does not begin to crystallize.
- Mo-Si-B alloy which has Mo silicide and Mo-B silicide as its main components.
- a Mo solid solution can also be present, which can contain other elements that form a solid solution with Mo, including vanadium.
- the other element(s) are only present in the solid solution, not in the silicides.
- US$5,693,156 relates to molybdenum alloys with the addition of silicon and boron to improve oxidation resistance, particularly at high temperatures.
- a consideration of weight, in particular weight reduction, is neither made nor suggested.
- this ternary Mo-Si-B alloy system would be a promising candidate as a structural material at high temperatures also for rotating or flying applications such as turbine material.
- the alloy Mo-9Si-8B has a density of 9.5 g/cm 3 .
- the object of the present invention to provide an alloy system based on Mo-Si-B which has a lower density than the known Mo-Si-B alloy system and can thus be used advantageously as a structural material for rotating or flying applications, in particular in aerospace technology, for example as a turbine material. Furthermore, the alloy system should retain the advantages of the ternary alloy system Mo-Si-B, in particular with regard to oxidation resistance.
- the molybdenum alloy according to claim 1 contains an alloy system with 5 to 25 at% silicon (Si), 0.5 to 25 at% boron (B), 3 to 40 at% vanadium (V) and the remainder molybdenum with a molybdenum content of at least 40 at%, wherein the molybdenum alloy has a molybdenum-vanadium solid solution matrix and at least one silicide phase distributed therein, and the density of the molybdenum alloy is less than 8 g/cm 3 .
- the molybdenum alloy has a vanadium content of 10 to 50 A% and at least one silicide phase selected from (Mo, V) 3 Si, (Mo, V) 5 SiB 2 and (Mo, V) 5 Si 3 .
- Preferred content ranges are for Si 8-15 at%, B 7-20 at% and V 10-40 at%.
- the alloy system according to the invention has a silicide phase content of at least 30% and in particular at least 50%.
- vanadium is one of the so-called extended refractory metals, but has a significantly lower density of 6.11 g/cm 3 at 293.15 K than molybdenum with 10.28 g/cm 3 .
- Another advantage of vanadium is that it has a similar atomic radius (134 pm) to molybdenum (145 pm) and the same crystal structure, namely body-centered cubic. This results in good miscibility and interchangeability of these two elements in the crystal lattice and thus good alloyability of the two elements.
- vanadium has a high ductility, so its addition does not impair the toughness of the ternary Mo-Si-B alloy.
- the vanadium-added alloys according to the invention have a density of less than 8 g/cm 3 at 293.15 K.
- the ternary Mo-Si-B system has a Mo solid solution matrix that inherently has good toughness. Boron is deposited on interstitial sites and silicon on regular lattice sites in the Mo phase.
- silicide phases can form during pre-alloying, for example during very long and high-energy alloying processes or during powder atomization. Silicide phases form at the latest during compaction of the powder and/or heat treatment. These phases, in particular Mo 3 Si (A15) and Mo 5 SiB 2 (T2), give the system a high level of strength, but reduce toughness due to their brittleness. With increasing concentration of silicon and boron, the proportion of silicide phases increases, which can form the matrix phase in the structure if a critical proportion is exceeded (approx. 50% when produced via the mechanical alloying process). It is expected that this will not only reduce toughness but also lead to a Shift of the brittle-ductile transition temperature towards higher temperatures. To avoid these disadvantages, it is therefore desirable to produce alloys with Mo solid solution phase as matrix phase.
- V does not lead to a deterioration of the toughness of Mo-Si-B alloys, but to the stabilization of the Mo solid solution phase and, with a slightly increased solid solution content, to the improvement of the toughness of the overall system.
- the addition of vanadium to the ternary Mo-Si-B alloy system not only leads to a reduction in density, but also to an improvement in strength while maintaining the same toughness.
- the alloy system according to the invention has a structure in which the silicide phases are distributed in a Mo solid solution matrix, even with silicide phase proportions of more than 50%.
- titanium (Ti) can be added to the Mo-Si-B-V base alloy in an amount of 0.5-30 at%.
- the base alloy according to the invention can contain one or more additional alloying elements selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe, Zr, Mg, Li, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, Ga, Y, Nb, Cd, Ca and La, each in a content of 0.01 at% to 15 at%, preferably up to 10 at% and/or one or more alloying elements selected from the group consisting of Hf, Pb, Bi, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Au, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir and Pt, each in a content of 0.01 at% to preferably at most 5 at%.
- additional alloying elements selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe, Zr, Mg, Li, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, Ga, Y, Nb, Cd, Ca and La, each in a content of 0.01 at% to 15 at%, preferably up to 10 at% and/or one or more alloying elements selected from the group consisting of Hf,
- the latter group consists of heavy elements with a density of more than 9 g/cm 3 , which should be added in as small an amount as possible to avoid an increase in density.
- the alloys according to the invention can still contain interstitially soluble elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. These are unavoidable impurities that cannot always be completely removed from the process. However, they are only present in the ppm range.
- the alloys according to the invention are non-eutectic but also near-eutectic and eutectic alloys.
- Non-eutectic alloys are alloys that do not correspond to the eutectic stoichiometry.
- Near-eutectic alloys are alloys that are close to the eutectic in terms of their composition.
- the non-eutectic alloys according to the invention are advantageously produced using powder metallurgical processes.
- Powder mixtures consisting of the corresponding alloy components are treated by mechanical alloying, whereby both elemental powders and pre-alloyed powders can be used.
- Various high-energy mills can be used for mechanical alloying, such as attritors, drop mills, vibrating mills, planetary ball mills.
- the metal powder is intensively mechanically treated and homogenized down to the atomic level.
- pre-alloying can also be carried out by means of an atomization process under protective gas.
- the mechanically alloyed powder can then be compacted using FAST (Field Assisted Sintering Technology).
- FAST Field Assisted Sintering Technology
- a suitable FAST process is carried out, for example, under vacuum at a pressure of 50 MPa and a holding time of 15 minutes at 1600 °C, with heating and cooling at 100 K/min.
- the powders can also be compacted by cold isostatic pressing, sintering for example at 1600 °C, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1500 °C and 200 MPa.
- FAST Field Assisted Sintering Technology
- the FAST process is preferred because the process times for sintering are considerably shorter than for hot pressing.
- FAST also makes it possible to achieve greater strength and hardness, expressed here as microhardness, because grain growth is prevented during the process due to the significantly shorter process times. Fine grains in the structure result in better strength than coarser grains.
- the density-optimized alloy according to the invention can be produced using an additive manufacturing process such as selective laser melting (SLM) or laser metal deposition (LMD).
- SLM selective laser melting
- LMD laser metal deposition
- the processing is carried out here on the basis of mechanically alloyed or atomized and thus pre-alloyed powders, which have a lower melting point than pure ternary Mo-Si-B alloys due to the addition of V (and possibly Ti or other alloying elements) and are therefore easier to process using such processes.
- One advantage of the additive manufacturing process is that components close to the final structure can be obtained in a cost-, time- and material-efficient manner.
- Near-eutectic and eutectic alloys can be processed particularly well using additive processes, as particularly fine-grained structures with good mechanical strength can be produced.
- Such alloys have a composition range of Mo-(7..19)Si-(6... 10)B-(5... 15)V or Mo-(7..19)Si-(6... 10)B-(5... 15)V-(5... 18)Ti.
- these alloys are also suitable for other melting metallurgical processes, including directional solidification in the well-known Bridgman process.
- the resulting powder mixtures were ground in a planetary ball mill from Retsch GmbH (model PM 4000) with the following parameters: number of revolutions 200 rpm temperature 20 °C (293.15 K) K/P ratio 14:1 (100 balls) Grinding time 30 hours
- the alloys obtained according to 1. were heat treated.
- the samples were each filled into ceramic dishes and annealed under argon inert gas for the entire duration of the heat treatment.
- the samples obtained were given the following designation: MK3-WB, MK4-WB, MK5-WB and MK6-WB
- the MK6-WB sample was compacted using FAST.
- the sample was compacted under vacuum at a pressure of 50 MPa and held for 10 minutes at 1100 °C and 15 minutes at 1600 °C, heating and cooling at 100 K/min.
- the sample obtained was named MK6 FAST.
- the microstructure and morphology of the powder particles were analyzed using a Philips ESEM (SEM) XL30 scanning electron microscope.
- the phase contrasts were displayed using BSE contrast.
- the phases contained were assigned using EDX analysis.
- sample preparation small amounts of the sample powder were cold embedded in epoxy resin as follows, then wet ground with SiC sandpaper with grain sizes of 800 and 1200 and polished with diamond suspension.
- the samples were sputtered with a thin layer of gold before embedding.
- the structure of the alloy MK6 FAST is in binarized form in Figure 2
- the Mo solid solution phase is white and both silicide phases are black.
- the density of MK6 FAST was determined using Archimedes' principle to be 7.8 g/cm 3 .
- the EDX analysis confirmed the results of the XRD measurement.
- the silicide phases (Mo,V) 3 Si and (Mo,V) 5 SiB 2 were formed in the structure of all samples. A higher proportion of vanadium was found in the silicide phases than in the solid solution matrix.
- MK6 FAST The evaluation of MK6 FAST showed that it has the highest proportion of silicide phases in the microstructure compared to the heat-treated samples.
- microhardness of the mechanically alloyed (ML) samples MK3, MK4, MK5, MK6 and MK6-Fast was measured.
- the samples were prepared as for SEM analysis (see B. 2.), but without gold sputtering.
- the microhardness of the silicides in the FAST sample is significantly higher than that of the solid solution phase.
- the very fine and homogeneous distribution of the silicide phases and their proportion of approx. 55% ensure a high overall hardness of the alloy.
- the overall hardness of the FAST sample is made up of the respective microhardnesses of the individual phases Mo,V solid solution phase and the two silicide phases.
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Claims (10)
- Alliage de molybdène comprenant 5 à 25% en atome de silicium, 0,5 à 25% en atome de bore et 3 à 40% en atome de vanadium, éventuellement du titane (Ti) en une quantité de 0,5 à 30% en atome, éventuellement un ou plusieurs éléments d'alliage choisis dans le groupe constitué par Al, Fe, Zr, Mg, Li, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, Ga, Y, Nb, Cd, Ca et La, à chaque fois en une teneur de 0,01% en atome à 15% en atome et/ou éventuellement un ou plusieurs éléments d'alliage choisis dans le groupe constitué par Hf, Pb, Bi, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Au, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir et Pt à chaque fois en une teneur de 0,01% en atome à 5% en atome,
ainsi que, pour le reste, du molybdène en une proportion de molybdène d'au moins 40% en atome, l'alliage de molybdène présentant une matrice de cristaux mixtes de molybdène-vanadium et, répartie dans celle-ci, au moins une phase de siliciure et la masse volumique de l'alliage de molybdène étant inférieure à 8 g/cm3. - Alliage de molybdène selon la revendication 1, au moins une phase de siliciure étant choisie parmi (Mo,V)3Si, (Mo,V)5SiB2 et (Mo,V)5Si3.
- Alliage de molybdène selon la revendication 1 ou 2, la teneur en Ti étant de 0,5 à 10% en atome.
- Alliage de molybdène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la teneur en vanadium étant de 10% à 40% en atome.
- Alliage de molybdène selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la proportion de phases de siliciure représentant au moins 30%.
- Alliage de molybdène selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5,
l'alliage présentant une structure comportant une matrice de cristaux mixtes de Mo-V et, réparti(s) dans celle-ci, du (Mo,V)3Si et/ou du (Mo,V)5SiB2. - Alliage de molybdène selon la revendication 6, la phase (Mo,V)5Si3 étant en outre présente.
- Procédé pour la préparation d'un alliage de molybdène selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
les éléments de départ étant alliés mécaniquement dans une première étape et ensuite compactés dans une deuxième étape par un procédé FAST (Field Assisted Sintering Technology - technologie de frittage assisté par champ) ou au moyen d'un procédé de compression isostatique à chaud. - Utilisation d'un alliage de molybdène selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 comme matériau de structure pour des applications rotatives ou volantes, en particulier dans la technologie aéronautique et aérospatiale.
- Utilisation d'un alliage de molybdène selon la revendication 9 comme matériau pour une turbine.
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DE102018113340.5A DE102018113340B4 (de) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Dichteoptimierte Molybdänlegierung |
PCT/EP2019/064475 WO2019234016A1 (fr) | 2018-06-05 | 2019-06-04 | Alliage de molybdène à densité optimisée |
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EP3802898A1 EP3802898A1 (fr) | 2021-04-14 |
EP3802898C0 EP3802898C0 (fr) | 2024-05-22 |
EP3802898B1 true EP3802898B1 (fr) | 2024-05-22 |
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US (1) | US11492683B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3802898B1 (fr) |
JP (2) | JP2021527162A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN112218964B (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102018113340B4 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019234016A1 (fr) |
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DE102018113340B4 (de) | 2018-06-05 | 2020-10-01 | Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg | Dichteoptimierte Molybdänlegierung |
US11761064B2 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-09-19 | Rtx Corporation | Refractory metal alloy |
CN112919475A (zh) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-08 | 南京理工大学 | 一种合成二硅化钼粉体的方法 |
AT17662U1 (de) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-10-15 | Plansee Se | Bauteil aus Refraktärmetall |
CN113975470B (zh) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-09-22 | 山东瑞安泰医疗技术有限公司 | 一种可降解金属钼基合金血管内支架制备方法 |
CN115896575B (zh) * | 2022-11-07 | 2024-01-26 | 湖南科技大学 | 一种Mo-12Si-8.5B/Ag宽温域自润滑材料及其制备方法 |
DE102023108051A1 (de) | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-02 | Deloro Wear Solutions GmbH | Molybdän-basierte Legierung |
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DE1155609B (de) * | 1956-12-04 | 1963-10-10 | Union Carbide Corp | Ausgangsmaterial zur Herstellung oxydationsbestaendiger und hochtemperaturfester Gegenstaende, insbesondere selbst regenerierende Schutzueberzuege fuer Metallkoerper |
GB1476589A (en) * | 1974-08-07 | 1977-06-16 | Allied Chem | Amorphous metal alloys |
US5693156A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1997-12-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxidation resistant molybdenum alloy |
US5865909A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1999-02-02 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Boron modified molybdenum silicide and products |
US6497968B2 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-12-24 | General Electric Company | Oxidation resistant coatings for molybdenum silicide-based composite articles |
US6652674B1 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2003-11-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Oxidation resistant molybdenum |
US7005191B2 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2006-02-28 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Oxidation resistant coatings for ultra high temperature transition metals and transition metal alloys |
AT6955U1 (de) * | 2003-09-19 | 2004-06-25 | Plansee Ag | Ods-molybdän-silizium-bor-legierung |
AT7187U1 (de) * | 2004-02-25 | 2004-11-25 | Plansee Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer molybdän-legierung |
US8268035B2 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-09-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Process for producing refractory metal alloy powders |
US8449817B2 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2013-05-28 | H.C. Stark, Inc. | Molybdenum-containing targets comprising three metal elements |
JP5394582B1 (ja) * | 2012-06-07 | 2014-01-22 | 株式会社アライドマテリアル | モリブデン耐熱合金 |
DE102015214730A1 (de) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-03-03 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Kriech- und oxidationsbeständige Molybdän - Superlegierung |
DE102015209583A1 (de) | 2015-05-26 | 2016-12-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Molybdän-Silizium-Borlegierung und Verfahren zur Herstellung sowie Bauteil |
DE102015114092B4 (de) * | 2015-08-25 | 2022-06-23 | Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg | Oxidationsbeständige Vanadiumlegierungen für hochtemperaturbeanspruchte Bauteile |
DE102018113340B4 (de) | 2018-06-05 | 2020-10-01 | Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg | Dichteoptimierte Molybdänlegierung |
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DE102018113340B4 (de) | 2020-10-01 |
CN112218964A (zh) | 2021-01-12 |
EP3802898C0 (fr) | 2024-05-22 |
WO2019234016A1 (fr) | 2019-12-12 |
CN112218964B (zh) | 2023-03-10 |
JP2024116201A (ja) | 2024-08-27 |
DE102018113340A1 (de) | 2019-12-05 |
EP3802898A1 (fr) | 2021-04-14 |
JP2021527162A (ja) | 2021-10-11 |
US20210238717A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
US11492683B2 (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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