EP3766949A1 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3766949A1
EP3766949A1 EP19768240.4A EP19768240A EP3766949A1 EP 3766949 A1 EP3766949 A1 EP 3766949A1 EP 19768240 A EP19768240 A EP 19768240A EP 3766949 A1 EP3766949 A1 EP 3766949A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
lubricating oil
oil composition
viscosity index
index improver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19768240.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3766949A4 (fr
Inventor
Tatsuya KUSUMOTO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Publication of EP3766949A1 publication Critical patent/EP3766949A1/fr
Publication of EP3766949A4 publication Critical patent/EP3766949A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
    • C10M143/14—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing non-conjugated diene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/024—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/08—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing non-conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/78—Fuel contamination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition.
  • PTL 1 discloses a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engine, in which an ashless dispersant, a viscosity index improver having a permanent shear stability index (PSSI) of 10 to 100, and at least one selected from a metal-based detergent, an antioxidant, an anti-wear agent, and a friction modifier are contained in a lubricant base oil, and a ratio of a viscosity index and a high temperature high shear viscosity (HTHS viscosity) at 100°C of the composition is regulated to 32 or more.
  • PSSI permanent shear stability index
  • HTHS viscosity high temperature high shear viscosity
  • the foregoing lubricating oil composition is excellent in fuel consumption reducing properties, sludge suppression, and engine detergency.
  • an engine to be mounted in a general vehicle becomes very high in temperature at the time of high-speed operation, and an engine oil also rises close to 100°C, whereas the temperature of the engine oil in a practical use region of the engine is about 80°C.
  • an engine oil which is used for a hybrid car is heated and becomes high in temperature at the time of engine start; but at the time of motor operation, the engine becomes low in speed, and the engine oil becomes low in temperature as about 40 to 50°C.
  • the engine oil occasionally becomes low in temperature as about 40°C, whereas it occasionally becomes high in temperature as about 100°C, according to the kind or operation condition of the engine.
  • An engine oil having excellent fuel consumption reduction performance even in such a wide temperature region is demanded.
  • PTL 1 does not study the fuel consumption reduction performance relative to a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engine described in the foregoing patent literature from such a viewpoint, and the foregoing lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engine leaves room for further improvement from the viewpoint of improvement of the fuel consumption reducing properties.
  • the present invention has been made, and an object thereof is to provide a lubricating oil composition capable of stably revealing excellent fuel consumption reducing properties even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • a lubricating oil composition containing a viscosity index improver satisfying a specified parameter expressing a large structural change due to temperature in oil together with a base oil is able to solve the aforementioned problem.
  • the present invention provides the following [1].
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is able to stably reveal excellent fuel consumption reducing properties even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • kinematic viscosity and the viscosity index each mean a value measured in conformity with JIS K2283:2000.
  • the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) of each of the components are each a value expressed in terms of standard polystyrene as measured by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and specifically, a value measured according to the method described in the section of Examples.
  • alkyl (meth)acrylate is used as a terminology expressing both an “alkyl acrylate” and a “alkyl methacrylate”, and other analogous terms or similar expressions are also the same.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains a base oil (A) and a viscosity index improver (B) in which a ratio [ ⁇
  • the base oil (A) that is contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention and the mineral oil that is used for preparation of the sample oil in the operation (i) may be the same as or different from each other.
  • the base oil (A) that is contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is limited to the mineral oil that is used for preparation of the sample oil in the operation (i).
  • calculated through the operations (i) to (iii) are those expressing the shapes of the viscosity index improver (B) dispersed in the sample oil at 40°C and 100°C, respectively in terms of a numerical value.
  • a polymer chain constituting the viscosity index improver (B) is dispersed and dissolved in the base oil, whereby the viscosity index improver (B) becomes an extended shape in a thin rod form or a thin disc form.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) becomes an extended shape in a thin rod form or a thin disc form
  • the viscosity index improver (B) becomes a state of being widely dispersed in the sample oil, and therefore, it may be considered that the viscosity of the sample oil increases.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) becomes a spherical aggregate shape at nanometer levels.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) becomes a spherical aggregate shape, dispersion of the viscosity index improver (B) in the sample oil is suppressed, and therefore, it may be considered that the viscosity of the sample oil decreases.
  • the viscosity index improver is blended for the purpose of giving an effect for increasing the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the viscosity index improver is required to sufficiently exhibit the effect for increasing the viscosity in a high-temperature region where the viscosity of the base oil decreases, whereas in a low-temperature region where the viscosity of the base oil increases, the viscosity index improver is desired to have such properties that the increase of the viscosity is suppressed to some extent such that the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition does not excessively increase.
  • the viscosity index improver is desired to become a state of being widely dispersed in the base oil in a high-temperature region, and therefore, it is preferred that the value of ⁇
  • the viscosity index improver is desired to have such properties that the increase of the viscosity is suppressed to some extent such that the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition does not excessively increase, and therefore, it is preferred that the value of ⁇
  • is a parameter expressing a degree of difference in shape at between 40°C and 100°C with respect to the shape of the viscosity index improver (B) dispersed in the sample oil.
  • the viscosity index improver whose ratio [ ⁇
  • the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention further contains an organic molybdenum-based compound (C).
  • the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may further contain an additive for lubricating oil other than the viscosity index improver (B) within a range where the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • a total content of the components (A) and (B) is preferably 60 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and yet still more preferably 85 to 100% by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the base oil (A) that is contained in the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may be a mineral oil or may be a synthetic oil, and a mixed oil of a mineral oil and a synthetic oil may also be used.
  • Examples of the mineral oil include atmospheric residues obtained by subjecting a crude oil, such as a paraffinic crude oil, an intermediate base crude oil, and a naphthenic crude oil, to atmospheric distillation; distillates obtained by subjecting such an atmospheric residue to distillation under reduced pressure; mineral oils obtained by subjecting the distillate to one or more refining treatments, such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydro-cracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, and hydrorefining; and mineral oils (GTL) obtained by isomerizing a wax (GTL wax (Gas to Liquids Wax)) produced by a Fischer-Tropsch process or the like from a natural gas.
  • a crude oil such as a paraffinic crude oil, an intermediate base crude oil, and a naphthenic crude oil
  • mineral oils may be used alone or may be used in combination of two or more thereof.
  • Examples of the synthetic oil include poly- ⁇ -olefins, such as an ⁇ -olefin homopolymer or an ⁇ -olefin copolymer (for example, an ⁇ -olefin copolymer having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, such as an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer); isoparaffins; various esters, such as a dibasic acid ester (for example, ditridecyl glutarate), a polyol ester, a dibasic acid ester, an aromatic ester (for example, 2-ethylhexyl trimellitate and 2-ethylhexyl pyromellitate), and a phosphate ester; various ethers, such as a polyalkylene glycol and a polyphenyl ether; alkylbenzenes; and alkylnaphthalenes.
  • poly- ⁇ -olefins such as an ⁇ -olefin homopolymer or an ⁇
  • These synthetic oils may be used alone or may be used in combination of two or more thereof.
  • the base oil (A) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention contains a mineral oil.
  • mineral oil a mineral oil classified into Group 2 or Group 3 of the base stock categories of the API (American Petroleum Institute) is preferred; and a mineral oil classified into the foregoing Group 3 is more preferred.
  • the content of the mineral oil is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 65 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and yet still more preferably 90 to 100% by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the base oil (A).
  • a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of the base oil (A) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80 mm 2 /s, more preferably 10 to 60 mm 2 /s, still more preferably 12 to 40 mm 2 /s, and yet still more preferably 14 to 30 mm 2 /s.
  • a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the base oil (A) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 1.0 to 7.0 mm 2 /s, more preferably 2.0 to 6.0 mm 2 /s, still more preferably 3.0 to 5.0 mm 2 /s, and yet still more preferably 3.5 to 4.5 mm 2 /s.
  • a viscosity index of the base oil (A) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 80 or more, more preferably 100 or more, still more preferably 110 or more, and yet still more preferably 120 or more.
  • the kinematic viscosity and the viscosity index of the mixed oil fall within the aforementioned ranges, respectively.
  • the content of the base oil (A) is preferably 55% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, still more preferably 65% by mass or more, and yet still more preferably 70% by mass or more, and it is preferably 99.5% by mass or less, more preferably 99% by mass or less, and still more preferably 95% by mass or less, on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains the viscosity index improver (B) in which the ratio [ ⁇
  • ] of the viscosity index improver (B) is less than 1.5, the degree in change of the shape at every temperature is small, and it is difficult to regulate an appropriate viscosity corresponding to the temperature of the lubricating oil composition, resulting in causing a lowering of the fuel consumption reducing properties.
  • ] is 1.5 or more it is possible to hold the viscosity within an appropriate range even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region, and therefore, excellent fuel consumption reducing properties can be stably revealed.
  • ] of the viscosity index improver (B) is preferably 1.55 or more, more preferably 1.58 or more, still more preferably 1.6 or more, yet still more preferably 1.65 or more, even yet still more preferably 1.7 or more, and much more preferably 1.8 or more.
  • of the viscosity index improver (B) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 2.3 (1/(nm -1 )) or more, more preferably 2.5 (1/(nm -1 )) or more, still more preferably 2.8 (1/(nm -1 )) or more, and yet still more preferably 3.2 (1/(nm -1 )) or more, and it is preferably 6.0 (1/(nm -1 )) or less, from the viewpoint of providing a viscosity index improver capable of suppressing the increase of the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition to some extent such that the foregoing viscosity does not excessively increase in a low-temperature region.
  • of the viscosity index improver (B) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 3.5 (1/(nm -1 )) or less, more preferably 3.2 (1/(nm -1 )) or less, still more preferably 3.0 (1/(nm -1 )) or less, and yet still more preferably 2.7 (1/(nm -1 )) or less, and it is preferably 1.2 (1/(nm -1 )) or more, from the viewpoint of providing a viscosity index improver which becomes a state of being widely dispersed in the base oil in a high-temperature region, thereby enabling the effect for increasing the viscosity to be sufficiently exhibited.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) may be one constituted of a single polymer or may be one constituted of two or more polymers.
  • of each of the polymers have only to fall within the aforementioned ranges, respectively.
  • the content of the viscosity index improver (B) expressed in terms of a resin component is preferably 0.5 to 8.0% by mass, more preferably 0.7 to 5.0% by mass, still more preferably 1.0 to 4.0% by mass, and yet still more preferably 1.0 to 3.5% by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) is put on the market in a form of a solution in which the resin component constituting the viscosity index improver is dissolved in a diluent oil, such as a mineral oil and a synthetic oil.
  • the aforementioned "content of the viscosity index improver (B) expressed in terms of a resin component” is the content expressed in terms of the resin component constituting the viscosity index improver, from which the mass of the diluent oil is excluded.
  • resin component means a polymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 or more and having a fixed repeating unit.
  • the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the viscosity index improver (B) is preferably 100,000 to 900,000, more preferably 200,000 to 800,000, still more preferably 300,000 to 750,000, and yet still more preferably 350,000 to 700,000.
  • a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the viscosity index improver (B) is preferably 6.00 or less, more preferably 3.00 or less, still more preferably 2.00 or less, yet still more preferably 1.95 or less, and even yet still more preferably 1.90 or less.
  • the fuel consumption reduction performance of the lubricating oil composition containing the viscosity index improver (B) together with the base oil (A) tends to be more improved.
  • the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the viscosity index improver (B) is not particularly limited with respect to a lower limit value thereof, it is typically 1.05 or more, preferably 1.10 or more, and more preferably 1.15 or more.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) contains a polymer (B1) having a structural unit ( ⁇ 1) derived from a monomer selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene.
  • the content of the structural unit ( ⁇ 1) is preferably 0.1 to 70 mol%, more preferably 0.3 to 60 mol%, and still more preferably 0.5 to 50 mol% relative to the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the polymer (B1).
  • the polymer (B1) contains a structural unit ( ⁇ 2) derived from a hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer together with the structural unit ( ⁇ 1).
  • the content of the structural unit ( ⁇ 2) is preferably 0.1 to 30 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 20 mol%, still more preferably 1.0 to 15 mol%, and yet still more preferably 1.5 to 10 mol% relative to the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the polymer (B1).
  • the hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer is mentioned later.
  • the content of the polymer (B1) in the viscosity index improver (B) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 70 to 100% by mass, more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, and yet still more preferably 95 to 100% by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the viscosity index improver (B).
  • the polymer (B1) that is used as the viscosity index improver (B) in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from a styrene-isoprene-butadiene copolymer (B11) and a comb-shaped polymer (B12).
  • the styrene-isoprene-butadiene copolymer (B11) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention may be a copolymer having structural units derived from styrene, isoprene, and butadiene, respectively.
  • the structural unit derived from butadiene may be one in which a part or the whole thereof is substituted with a structural unit derived from hydrogenated butadiene.
  • a mode of the copolymer of the component (B11) may be a block copolymer or may be a random copolymer.
  • Suitable ranges of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the component (B11) are the same as the suitable ranges prescribed above for the component (B).
  • the content of the structural unit ( ⁇ 1) derived from the monomer selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene is preferably 2.5 to 30 mol%, more preferably 3.0 to 25 mol%, still more preferably 3.5 to 20 mol%, and yet still more preferably 4.0 to 15 mol% relative to the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the component (B11).
  • the content of a structural unit (p1) derived from styrene is preferably 1 to 50 mol%, more preferably 3 to 40 mol%, still more preferably 5 to 30 mol%, and yet still more preferably 7 to 25 mol% relative to the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the component (B11).
  • the content of a structural unit (p2) derived from isoprene is preferably 10 to 95 mol%, more preferably 25 to 90 mol%, still more preferably 40 to 85 mol%, and yet still more preferably 55 to 80 mol% relative to the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the component (B11).
  • the component (B11) may have a structural unit derived from a monomer other than styrene, isoprene, and butadiene (inclusive of hydrogenated butadiene, too).
  • a total content of the structural units ( ⁇ 1), (p1), and (p2) is preferably 80 to 100 mol%, more preferably 85 to 100 mol%, still more preferably 90 to 100 mol%, and yet still more preferably 95 to 100 mol% relative to the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the component (B11).
  • the "comb-shaped polymer” refers to a polymer having a structure having a large number of trigeminal branch points from which a high-molecular weight side chain comes out in a main chain thereof.
  • the comb-shaped polymer (B12) that is used in the present invention is a polymer having a structural unit (X1) derived from a macromonomer (x1), and the macromonomer (x1) is preferably a high-molecular weight monomer having the structural unit ( ⁇ 1) derived from a monomer selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene.
  • the macromonomer (x1) which the comb-shaped polymer (B12) has is corresponding to the aforementioned "high-molecular weight side chain".
  • the aforementioned "macromonomer” means a high-molecular weight monomer having a polymerizable functional group and is preferably a high-molecular weight monomer having a polymerizable functional group in an end thereof.
  • the comb-shaped polymer As the side chain of the comb-shaped polymer is long, the comb-shaped polymer is more likely dispersed in a wide range in the high-temperature region, whereas it is more likely aggregated in the low-temperature region, and thus, the ratio [ ⁇
  • ] is more likely regulated to a large value.
  • the macromonomer (x1) which the comb-shaped polymer (B12) has is the high-molecular weight monomer having the structural unit ( ⁇ 1) derived from the monomer selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene, the ratio [ ⁇
  • a number average molecular weight (Mn) of the macromonomer (x1) is preferably 300 or more, more preferably 500 or more, still more preferably 1,000 or more, yet still more preferably 2,000 or more, even yet still more preferably 3,000 or more, and much more preferably 4,000 or more, and it is preferably 100,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or less, still more preferably 20,000 or less, and yet still more preferably 10,000 or less.
  • the content of the structural unit (X1) is preferably 0.1 to 20 mol%, more preferably 0.3 to 10 mol%, and still more preferably 0.5 to 5 mol% on the basis of the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the comb-shaped polymer (B12).
  • the content of the structural unit ( ⁇ 1) derived from the monomer selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene in the macromonomer (x1) is preferably 0.5 to 100 mol%, more preferably 1 to 100 mol%, still more preferably 1 to 50 mol%, yet still more preferably 1 to 20 mol%, and even yet still more preferably 1 to 5 mol% on the basis of the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the macromonomer (x1).
  • the macromonomer (x1) may also have, for example, at least one selected from repeating units represented by the following general formulae (i) to (iii) in addition to the structural unit ( ⁇ 1).
  • a mode of the copolymerization may be a block copolymer or may be a random copolymer.
  • R b1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and specifically, examples thereof include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a 1,2-propylene group, a 1,3-propylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, a decylene group, and a 2-ethylhexylene group.
  • R b2 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and specifically, examples thereof include an ethylene group, a 1,2-propylene group, a 1,3-propylene group, a 1,2-butylene group, a 1,3-butylene group, and a 1,4-butylene group.
  • R b3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
  • R b4 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and specifically, examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, a n-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a n-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a t-butyl group, an isopentyl group, a t-pentyl group, an isohexyl group, a t-hexyl group, an isoheptyl group, a t-heptyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an isooctyl group, an isonony
  • R b1' s, R b2' s, R b3 's, and R b4' s may be each the same as or different from each other.
  • the comb-shaped polymer (B12) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention may be a homopolymer composed of only the structural unit (X1) derived from one kind of the macromonomer (x1) or may be a copolymer containing the structural unit (X1) derived from two or more kinds of the macromonomer (x1).
  • the comb-shaped polymer (B12) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention may also be a copolymer containing the structural unit derived from the macromonomer (x1) as well as a structural unit (X2) derived from other monomer (x2) than the macromonomer (x1).
  • a copolymer having a side chain containing the structural unit (X1) derived from the macromonomer (x1) relative to the main chain containing the structural unit (X2) derived from the monomer (x2) is preferred.
  • Examples of the monomer (x2) include a monomer (x2-a) represented by the following general formula (a1), an alkyl (meth)acrylate (x2-b), a nitrogen atom-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c), a hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d), an aliphatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer (x2-e), an alicyclic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer (x2-f), a vinyl ester (x2-g), a vinyl ether (x2-h), a vinyl ketone (x2-i), an epoxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-j), a halogen element-containing vinyl monomer (x2-k), an ester of an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid (x2-1), a (di)alkyl fumarate (x2-m), and a (di)alkyl maleate (x2-n).
  • a1 an alkyl (meth)acrylate (x2-b)
  • x2-c nitrogen atom-containing vinyl monomer
  • the monomer (x2) it is preferred to contain at least one selected from a monomer (x2-a) represented by the following general formula (a1), an alkyl (meth)acrylate (x2-b), and a hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d), and it is more preferred to contain at least a hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d).
  • the hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d) serves as a constituent monomer of the aforementioned structural unit ( ⁇ 2).
  • the content of the structural unit ( ⁇ 2) derived from the hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d) is preferably 0.1 to 30 mol%, more preferably 0.5 to 20 mol%, still more preferably 1.0 to 15 mol%, and yet still more preferably 1.5 to 10 mol% on the basis of the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the comb-shaped polymer (B12).
  • R b11 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
  • R b12 represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, -O-, or -NH-.
  • R b13 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • n represents an integer of 1 or more (preferably an integer of 1 to 20, and more preferably an integer of 1 to 5).
  • plural R b13' s may be the same as or different from each other, and furthermore, the (R b13 O) n moiety may be either a random bond or a block bond.
  • R b14 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 60 (preferably 10 to 50, and more preferably 20 to 40).
  • alkyl (meth)acrylate (x2-b) examples include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, heptyl (meth)acrylate, 2-t-butylheptyl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate, and 3-isopropylheptyl (meth)acrylate.
  • the carbon number of the alkyl group which the alkyl (meth)acrylate (x2-b) has is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 24, and still more preferably 1 to 18.
  • the alkyl group may be a linear alkyl group or may be a branched alkyl group.
  • nitrogen atom-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c) examples include an amide group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c1), a nitro group-containing monomer (x2-c2), a primary amino group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c3), a secondary amino group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c4), a tertiary amino group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c5), and a nitrile group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c6).
  • Examples of the amide group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c1) include (meth)acrylamide; monoalkylamino (meth)acrylamides, such as N-methyl (meth)acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-isopropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-n-butyl (meth)acrylamide, and isobutyl (meth)acrylamide; monoalkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides, such as N-methylaminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-ethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-isopropylamino-n-butyl (meth)acrylamide, N-n-butylamino-n-butyl (meth)acrylamide, and isobutylamino-n-butyl (meth)acrylamide; dialkylamino (meth)acrylamides, such as N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N
  • nitro group-containing monomer (x2-c2) examples include nitroethylene and 3-nitro-1-propene.
  • Examples of the primary amino group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c3) include alkenylamines having an alkenyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as (meth)allylamine and crotylamine; and aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates having an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as aminoethyl (meth)acrylate.
  • Examples of the secondary amino group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c4) include monoalkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, such as t-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and methylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate; and dialkenylamines having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, such as di(meth)allylamine.
  • tertiary amino group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c5) examples include dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate; alicyclic (meth)acrylates having a nitrogen atom, such as morpholinoethyl (meth)acrylate; and hydrochlorides, sulfates, phosphates, or lower alkyl (carbon number: 1 to 8) monocarboxylic acid (e.g., acetic acid and propionic acid) salts thereof.
  • dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate
  • alicyclic (meth)acrylates having a nitrogen atom such as morpholinoethyl (meth)acrylate
  • nitrile group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-c6) examples include (meth) acrylonitrile.
  • hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d) examples include a hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d1) and a polyoxyalkylene chain-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d2).
  • hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d1) examples include hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates having an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 2- or 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate; mono- or di-hydroxyalkyl-substituted (meth)acrylamides having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as N,N-dihydroxymethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dihydroxypropyl (meth)acrylamide, and N,N-di-2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylamide; vinyl alcohol; alkenols having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, such as (meth)allyl alcohol, crotyl alcohol, isocrotyl alcohol, 1-octenol, and 1-undecenol; alkene monools or alkene diols each having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, such as 1-buten-3-ol
  • hydroxy group-containing vinyl monomers having two or more hydroxy groups are preferred, and compounds in which an unsaturated group is introduced into a polyhydric alcohol or glyceric acid are more preferred.
  • Examples of the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing vinyl monomer (x2-d2) include a polyoxyalkylene glycol (carbon number of the alkylene group: 2 to 4, degree of polymerization: 2 to 50), a polyoxyalkylene polyol (polyoxyalkylene ether of the aforementioned polyhydric alcohol (carbon number of the alkylene group: 2 to 4, degree of polymerization: 2 to 100)), and a mono(meth)acrylate of an alkyl ether (carbon number: 1 to 4) of a polyoxyalkylene glycol or polyoxyalkylene polyol [e.g., polyethylene glycol (Mn: 100 to 300) mono(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol (Mn: 130 to 500) mono(meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (Mn: 110 to 310) (meth)acrylate, lauryl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct (2 to 30 mols) (meth)acrylate, and mono(meth)acrylic acid poly
  • Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer (x2-e) include alkenes having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene, butene, isobutylene, pentene, heptene, diisobutylene, octene, dodecene, and octadecene; and alkadienes having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, such as butadiene, isoprene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, and 1,7-octadiene.
  • the carbon number of the aliphatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer (x2-e) is preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 2 to 20, and still more preferably 2 to 12.
  • Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer (x2-f) include cyclohexene, (di)cyclopentadiene, pinene, limonene, vinylcyclohexene, and ethylidene bicycloheptene.
  • the carbon number of the alicyclic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer (x2-f) is preferably 3 to 30, more preferably 3 to 20, and still more preferably 3 to 12.
  • vinyl ester (x2-g) examples include vinyl esters of a saturated fatty acid having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, and vinyl octanoate.
  • Examples of the vinyl ether (x2-h) include alkyl vinyl ethers having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, propyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, and 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether; and alkoxyalkyl vinyl ethers having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as vinyl-2-methoxyethyl ether and vinyl-2-butoxyethyl ether.
  • Examples of the vinyl ketone (x2-i) include alkyl vinyl ketones having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as methyl vinyl ketone and ethyl vinyl ketone.
  • Examples of the epoxy group-containing vinyl monomer (x2-j) include glycidyl (meth)acrylate and glycidyl (meth)allyl ether.
  • halogen element-containing vinyl monomer (x2-k) examples include vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinylidene chloride, and (meth)allyl chloride.
  • Examples of the ester of an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid (x2-1) include an alkyl ester of an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, a cycloalkyl ester of an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, and an aralkyl ester of an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid; and examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid include maleic acid, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid.
  • Examples of the (di)alkyl fumarate (x2-m) include monomethyl fumarate, dimethyl fumarate, monoethyl fumarate, diethyl fumarate, methylethyl fumarate, monobutyl fumarate, dibutyl fumarate, dipentyl fumarate, and dihexyl fumarate.
  • Examples of the (di)alkyl maleate (x2-n) include monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, diethyl maleate, methylethyl maleate, monobutyl maleate, and dibutyl maleate.
  • the monomer (x2) is preferably a monomer other than a phosphorus atom-containing monomer and an aromatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer.
  • the content of a structural unit derived from a phosphorus atom-containing monomer and the content of a structural unit derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer are low as far as possible.
  • the content of the structural unit derived from the phosphorus atom-containing monomer is preferably less than 0.01 mol%, more preferably less than 0.001 mol%, and still more preferably 0 mol% on the basis of the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the comb-shaped polymer (B12).
  • the phosphorus atom-containing monomer refers to a monomer containing a phosphorus atom, and specifically, examples thereof include (meth)acryloyloxyalkyl phosphates, such as (meth)acryloyloxyethyl phosphate and (meth)acryloyloxyisopropyl phosphate; alkenyl phosphates, such as vinyl phosphate, allyl phosphate, propenyl phosphate, isopropenyl phosphate, butenyl phosphate, pentenyl phosphate, octenyl phosphate, decenyl phosphate, and dodecenyl phosphate; (meth)acryloyloxyalkyl phosphonates, such as (meth)acryloyloxyethyl phosphonate; and alkenyl phosphonates, such as vinyl phosphonate, allyl phosphonate, and octenyl phosphonate.
  • the content of the structural unit derived from the aromatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer is preferably less than 0.01 mol%, more preferably less than 0.001 mol%, and still more preferably 0 mol% on the basis of the whole amount (100 mol%) of the structural units of the comb-shaped polymer (B12).
  • aromatic hydrocarbon-based vinyl monomer examples include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -ethylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 4-ethylstyrene, 4-isopropylstyrene, 4-butylstyrene, 4-phenylstyrene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 4-benzylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, monochlorostyrene, dichlorostyrene, tribromostyrene, tetrabromostyrene, 4-crotylbenzene, indene, and 2-vinylnaphthalene.
  • the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention contains an organic molybdenum-based compound (C) as a friction modifier.
  • the content of the organic molybdenum-based compound (C) expressed in terms of a molybdenum atom is preferably 400 to 1,000 ppm by mass, more preferably 400 to 950 ppm by mass, still more preferably 400 to 900 ppm by mass, and yet still more preferably 400 to 850 ppm by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the content of the molybdenum atom means a value measured in conformity with JPI-5S-38-92.
  • organic molybdenum-based compound (C) that is used in one embodiment of the present invention, though any organic compounds having a molybdenum atom are usable, at least one selected from molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP) and molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) is preferred from the viewpoint of improving the friction-reducing effect.
  • MoDTP molybdenum dithiophosphate
  • MoDTC molybdenum dithiocarbamate
  • the organic molybdenum-based compound (C) may be used alone or may be used in combination of two or more thereof.
  • MoDTP molybdenum dithiophosphate
  • a compound represented by the following general formula (c1-1) or a compound represented by the following general formula (c1-2) is preferred.
  • R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group, and may be the same as or different from each other.
  • X 1 to X 8 each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and may be the same as or different from each other, provided that at least two of X 1 to X 8 in the formula (c1-1) are a sulfur atom.
  • X 1 and X 2 are an oxygen atom
  • X 3 to X 8 are a sulfur atom
  • a molar ratio of a sulfur atom to an oxygen atom [(sulfur atom)/(oxygen atom)] in X 1 to X 8 is preferably 1/4 to 4/1, and more preferably 1/3 to 3/1.
  • X 1 and X 2 are an oxygen atom
  • X 3 and X 4 are a sulfur atom
  • a molar ratio of a sulfur atom to an oxygen atom [(sulfur atom)/(oxygen atom)] in X 1 to X 4 is preferably 1/3 to 3/1, and more preferably 1.5/2.5 to 2.5/1.5.
  • the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group which may be selected as R 1 to R 4 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 5 to 18, still more preferably 5 to 16, and yet still more preferably 5 to 12.
  • examples of the hydrocarbon group which may be selected as R 1 to R 4 include an alkyl group, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an undecyl group, a dodecyl group, a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecyl group, and an octadecyl group; an alkenyl group, such as an octenyl group, a nonenyl group, a decenyl group, an undecenyl group, a dodecenyl group, a tridecenyl group, a
  • molybdenum dithiocarbamate examples include a binuclear molybdenum dithiocarbamate having two molybdenum atoms in one molecule thereof; and a trinuclear molybdenum dithiocarbamate having three molybdenum atoms in one molecule thereof, with a binuclear molybdenum dithiocarbamate being preferred.
  • binuclear molybdenum dithiocarbamate a compound represented by the following general formula (c2-1) and a compound represented by the following general formula (c2-2) are more preferred.
  • R 11 to R 14 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group, and may be the same as or different from each other.
  • X 11 to X 18 each independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and may be the same as or different from each other.
  • At least one of X 11 to X 18 in the formula (c2-1) is a sulfur atom.
  • X 11 and X 12 are an oxygen atom
  • X13 to X 18 are a sulfur atom
  • a molar ratio of a sulfur atom to an oxygen atom [(sulfur atom)/(oxygen atom)] in X 11 to X 18 is preferably 1/4 to 4/1, and more preferably 1/3 to 3/1.
  • X 11 to X 14 in the formula (b2-2) are an oxygen atom.
  • the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group which may be selected as R 11 to R 14 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 5 to 18, still more preferably 5 to 16, and yet still more preferably 5 to 13.
  • the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may further contain an additive for a lubricating oil other than the components (B) and (C) (hereinafter also referred to simply as "additive for lubricating oil"), as required, within a range where the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • Examples of such an additive for lubricating oil include a pour-point depressant, a metal-based detergent, a dispersant, an anti-wear agent, an extreme pressure agent, an antioxidant, an anti-foaming agent, a rust inhibitor, and a metal deactivator.
  • a commercially available additive package containing a plurality of additives and meeting API/ILSAC SN/GF-5 standards or the like may be used as an additive for lubricating oil.
  • a compound having plural functions as the additive may also be used.
  • the respective additives for lubricating oil may be used alone or may be used in combination of two or more thereof.
  • each of such additives for lubricating oil can be appropriately regulated within a range where the effects of the present invention are not impaired, it is typically 0.001 to 15% by mass, preferably 0.005 to 12% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition independently for every additive.
  • a total content of these additives for lubricating oil is preferably 0 to 40% by mass, more preferably 0 to 30% by mass, still more preferably 0 to 20% by mass, and yet still more preferably 0 to 15% by mass on the basis of the whole amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • a kinematic viscosity at 40°C of the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 12.0 to 45.0 mm 2 /s, more preferably 15.0 to 40.0 mm 2 /s, and still more preferably 20.0 to 37.0 mm 2 /s.
  • a kinematic viscosity at 80°C of the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 5.0 to 15.0 mm 2 /s, more preferably 6.5 to 14.0 mm 2 /s, and still more preferably 8.0 to 13.0 mm 2 /s.
  • a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 2.0 to 12.0 mm 2 /s, more preferably 3.0 to 10.0 mm 2 /s, and still more preferably 5.0 to 9.0 mm 2 /s.
  • it is preferably 6.1 mm 2 /s or more and less than 12.5 mm 2 /s, more preferably 6.1 mm 2 /s or more and 11.5 mm 2 /s or less, and still more preferably 6.1 mm 2 /s or more and 11.0 mm 2 /s or less.
  • a viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 120 or more, more preferably 140 or more, still more preferably 170 or more, and yet still more preferably 190 or more.
  • an HTHS viscosity (high temperature high shear viscosity) at 80°C of the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 4.0 to 8.2 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 4.3 to 8.0 mPa ⁇ s, and still more preferably 4.7 to 7.8 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the HTHS viscosity is also called a TBS viscosity.
  • the HTHS viscosity at 150°C of the lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 2.4 to 5.5 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 2.5 to 5.0 mPa ⁇ s, and still more preferably 2.6 to 4.5 mPa ⁇ s.
  • it is 2.3 mPa ⁇ s or more and less than 2.9 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 2.3 mPa ⁇ s or more and 2.8 mPa ⁇ s or less, and still more preferably 2.3 mPa ⁇ s or more and 2.7 mPa ⁇ s or less.
  • the HTHS viscosity means a value measured in conformity with ASTM D4683.
  • Step (1) A step of blending a base oil (A) with a viscosity index improver (B) in which a ratio [ ⁇
  • the mineral oil (A) and the viscosity index improver (B) are those as mentioned above, and the preferred components and the contents of the respective components are also those as mentioned above.
  • the aforementioned additive for lubricating oil other than the mineral oil (A) and the viscosity index improver (B) may also be blended.
  • the viscosity index improver (B) may be blended in a form of a solution dissolved in a diluent oil.
  • a solid component concentration of the solution is typically 10 to 50% by mass.
  • the resulting blend is stirred and uniformly dispersed by a known method.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is able to stably reveal excellent fuel consumption reducing properties even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably used as an engine oil.
  • Examples of engines which are suitable for use of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention include engines for vehicles, such as automobiles, electric trains, and aircrafts. Preferred are automobile engines, and more preferred are automobile engines equipped with a hybrid mechanism or a start-up system.
  • lubricating oil composition according to one embodiment of the present invention is suitable for uses as a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines of vehicles, such as automobiles, electric trains, and aircrafts (engine oils for internal combustion engines), it is also applicable for other uses.
  • the present invention also provides an engine containing the aforementioned lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • the foregoing engine is one as mentioned above.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is able to stably reveal excellent fuel consumption reducing properties even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • excellent fuel consumption reducing properties may be stably revealed even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • the present invention also provides a lubrication method of an engine, including lubricating the engine with the aforementioned lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
  • the foregoing engine is one as mentioned above.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is able to stably reveal excellent fuel consumption reducing properties even in use in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • excellent fuel consumption reducing properties may be stably given to an engine in a wide temperature environment of from a low-temperature region to a high-temperature region.
  • the measurement was performed in conformity with JPI-5S-38-92.
  • the measurement was performed at a shear rate of 10 6 /s under a predetermined temperature condition at 80°C or 150°C by using a TBS high-temperature viscometer (tapered bearing simulator viscometer) in conformity with ASTM D4683.
  • Viscosity index improvers (1) to (5) used in the following Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.
  • the viscosity index improver was blended such that the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of each of the sample oils fell within a range of 7.8 to 8.2 mm 2 /s.
  • a quartz capillary having the sample oil charged therein was placed in a sample holder provided with a temperature controller of the small angle X-ray scattering device, heated at 40°C and 100°C, respectively, and then subjected to X-ray small-angle scattering measurement, to acquire X-ray small-angle scattering spectra (x axis: scattering vector q (nm -1 ), y axis: common logarithm log (I) of scattering intensity I).
  • Viscosity index improver (1) Viscosity index improver (2) Viscosity index improver (3) Viscosity index improver (4) Viscosity index improver (5) Characteristic feature on structure Comb-shaped polymer Styrene/isoprene/butadiene copolymer Comb-shaped polymer Styrene/isoprene copolymer Polymethyl acrylate Structural unit Methyl acrylate Styrene: 18 mol% Methylacrylate Styrene: 27 mol % Methyl acrylate Hydrogenated polybutadiene Isoprene: 73 mol% Hydrogenated polybutadiene Isoprene: 73 mol% 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Glyceric acid (*1) But
  • any one of the viscosity index improvers (1) to (5), a pour-point depressant, a friction modifier, and an additive package for engine oil were added in a blending amount shown in Table 2, to prepare each lubricating oil composition.
  • the content of each of the respective viscosity index improvers (1) to (5), the pour-point depressant, the friction modifier, and the additive package for engine oil shown in Table 2 is the content expressed in terms of the active component (expressed in terms of the resin component) in which the diluent oil is eliminated.
  • R's are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 8 or 13 carbon atoms.
  • Additive package for engine oil An additive package adapted to the API/ILSAC standards and the SN/GF-5 standards and containing the following various additives.
  • the kinematic viscosity, the viscosity index, the HTHS viscosity were measured or calculated in conformity with the aforementioned methods, as well as a driving torque improving rate of each of the lubricating oil compositions at an oil temperature of each of 40°C and 80°C was evaluated on the basis of the following method. These results are shown in Table 2.
  • a crankshaft of an in-line four-cylinder engine (valve operating system: roller valve operation type) having a displacement of 1.5 L was driven by a motor, and on that occasion, a torque applied to the crankshaft was measured.
  • the measurement was performed in the case where a number of revolutions of the crankshaft was 1,600 rpm, and an engine oil temperature was 40°C and 80°C, respectively.
  • a measured value of a torque when using a lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 2 was made as a basis, and a driving torque improving rate (%) on the occasion of using each of the lubricating oil compositions other than that of Comparative Example 2 was calculated according to the following equation.
  • Driving torque improving rate % Measured value of torque when the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 2 was used ⁇ Measured value of torque when the lubricating oil as on object was used / Measured value of torque when the lubricating oil composition of Comparative Example 2 was used ⁇ 100
  • the driving torque improving rate at 40°C of 0.5% or more is considered as passing, it is preferably 1.0% or more, and more preferably 2.0% or more.
  • the driving torque improving rate at 80°C of 0.1% or more is considered as passing, and it is preferably 0.12% or more, and more preferably 0.14% or more.
  • ] 1.91 Viscosity index improver (2) % by mass - 2.80 - - - [ ⁇
  • ] 1.61 Viscosity index improver (3) % by mass - - 1.99 - - [ ⁇
  • ] 1.70 Viscosity index improver (4) % by mass - - - 3.10 - [ ⁇
  • ] 1.05

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP19768240.4A 2018-03-12 2019-03-12 Composition d'huile lubrifiante Withdrawn EP3766949A4 (fr)

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EP3766949A4 (fr) 2021-12-01
JPWO2019176944A1 (ja) 2021-02-25
JP7341979B2 (ja) 2023-09-11
CN111801407A (zh) 2020-10-20
WO2019176944A1 (fr) 2019-09-19

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