EP3751200B1 - Procédé de régulation d'un appareil chauffant à gaz combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation d'un appareil chauffant à gaz combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3751200B1
EP3751200B1 EP20172720.3A EP20172720A EP3751200B1 EP 3751200 B1 EP3751200 B1 EP 3751200B1 EP 20172720 A EP20172720 A EP 20172720A EP 3751200 B1 EP3751200 B1 EP 3751200B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
gas
output
control element
gas control
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20172720.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3751200A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Henrich
Stephan Wald
Jens Hermann
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Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
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Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating a fuel gas-operated heater.
  • Another problem with the control procedures is that different types of gas, e.g. natural gas or liquefied gas, as well as gas qualities are used for the combustion.
  • the parameters of the control process must be adapted to the type of gas or gas quality, as otherwise the combustion will be unclean.
  • Alternative control methods are based on electronic mixture control using thermal gas mass sensors to record the fuel gas properties via the thermal conductivity of the fuel gas.
  • the air requirement is determined from the type of fuel gas using a reference table and the air volume is calculated and adjusted according to the measured gas volume and the determined air requirement.
  • the method requires that all input variables required for the mixture control must be measured and monitored.
  • the DE10025769A1 discloses a control device for a premix burner in whose flame area an ionization electrode is arranged, which is used to control the burner. In the event of rapid changes in state, the fuel gas valve is controlled as a function of characteristic curves.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a method, which is independent of the type of fuel gas, for regulating a fuel gas-operated heater over a wide modulation range, which method requires less monitoring effort and hardware use than the known methods. In particular, it should be possible to dispense with the use of a fuel gas mass sensor.
  • a method for regulating a fuel gas-operated heater using an ionization measurement method of a burner flame of the heater in which a fuel gas volume flow controlled by a gas actuator and an air volume flow supplied by a fan are mixed to form a fuel gas-air mixture and with an air ratio ⁇ based on a desired burner output be fed to a burner of the heater.
  • the air ratio ⁇ is monitored by means of the ionization measurement method of the burner flame of the burner.
  • a gas actuator control characteristic curve of the gas actuator is recorded in the laboratory and stored in a control unit.
  • the gas actuator control characteristic here determines a percentage flow rate through the gas actuator depending on the opening position points of the gas actuator, the percentage flow rate through the gas actuator representing a burner output of the burner.
  • the burner output of the burner is regulated in a first output range based on the results of the ionization measurement process and in a second output range based on the gas actuator control characteristic, with certain burner outputs being assigned to certain opening positions of the gas actuator during the regulation of the heater in the first output range.
  • the ratio of the amount of fuel gas to the amount of air is kept constant in the second power range.
  • the first power range preferably corresponds to a control range in which the burner flame supplies the ionization measurement method with sufficiently precise signal data that the control can take place as a pure ionization control. This is the case in particular with a sufficiently large burner flame in which the ionization electrode used for the ionization measurement method supplies exact signals to the control device.
  • the second performance area is in particular a range of low burner output, for example below 50% of the maximum output.
  • the gas actuator control characteristic is predefined in the laboratory.
  • the gas actuator control characteristic includes any number of subdivision points that correspond to the positions of the gas actuator for fixed burner output steps. This also defines the relationship between the amount of fuel gas and the respective opening position of the gas actuator.
  • the same burner output i.e. the heating output of the heater
  • the gas quality changes e.g. B. from liquid gas to natural gas would change due to the changed density of the volume flow.
  • the energy content and thus the amount of fuel gas required to achieve the desired burner output would also be different.
  • the absolute burner output changes, but not the output ratio of the individual opening position points of the gas actuator to one another. If, for example, the actual burner output is halved in one opening position, then the burner output is halved in all other output points along the control characteristic.
  • a gas actuator control characteristic is thus used which determines a percentage flow rate through the gas actuator as a function of the opening position points of the gas actuator.
  • the method provides that the specific outputs of the burner are assigned to the specific opening position points of the gas actuator in that during the regulation of the burner output of the burner in the first output range, at any opening position point, a quantity of air supplied to the burner is measured and a required amount of air is measured Fuel gas quantity is supplied via the gas actuator until a predetermined air ratio ⁇ is reached. Furthermore, the required burner output is changed by adapting the air quantity, with the control unit setting corresponding opening position points of the gas actuator from the gas control characteristic curve of the adjusted burner output.
  • the disclosed method makes use of the fact that the burner output is known during the regulation in the first regulation range using the ionization measurement method, and from this the opening position points of the gas actuator can be determined in advance for all other desired burner outputs.
  • the air volume flow for generating the fuel gas-air mixture is measured during the control in the first control range using the ionization measurement method at any opening position of the gas actuator.
  • the control unit regulates the amount of fuel gas required for clean combustion of a predefined air ratio via the ionization control.
  • the matching opening position of the gas actuator is assigned to the corresponding air volume flow in the control unit.
  • the appropriate fuel gas volume must also be adjusted as a percentage, i.e. also 10% less or more. This adaptation takes place via a change in the opening position of the gas actuator controlled by the control unit.
  • a further development of the method provides that the gas actuator control characteristic is calibrated at time intervals to compensate for a characteristic drift.
  • a characteristic drift is characterized by a change in the amount of fuel gas that occurs over the service life at certain opening positions of the gas actuator.
  • the individual opening position points no longer match the corresponding fuel gas volume flows, but the percentage power differences between the individual opening position points remain constant, since the flow characteristics through the gas actuator do not change due to the characteristic drift. This means that the characteristic curve itself does not change, only the position within the working area.
  • the characteristic drift can be equalized by calibration.
  • the calibration takes place during the control of the burner output of the burner in the first output range based on the results of the ionization measurement process, in that two output points of the burner output are controlled via the control unit and the output values of the burner output stored in the gas actuator control characteristic are compared with the actual output values of the burner output the gas actuator control characteristic is corrected to the actual output values of the burner output.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method also provides that the gas actuator is controlled by a stepping motor and a defined number of steps of the stepping motor determines a defined change in the opening position points of the gas actuator.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic structure of a heater 100 for carrying out the control method with a modulating premix fan 5, which sucks in ambient air a and mixes it with fuel gas.
  • the fuel gas is fed to the premix fan 5 at the inlet 4 via a gas line in which a gas safety valve 1 and a gas valve 2, which can be controlled, for example, via a motor M, are arranged, which forms the gas actuator.
  • the gas inlet pressure d is adapted to the gas control pressure c.
  • the mixture After mixing with ambient air, the mixture has the mixture pressure b.
  • an optional non-return flap 6 is provided at the blower outlet.
  • the mixture then has the burner pressure e. This is followed by the burner 28 with the ionization electrode 7 arranged in the burner flame.
  • the heat exchanger 18 is arranged around the burner 28. Continued in the direction of flow follows the exhaust system with the exhaust flap 8.
  • the exhaust pressure f prevails in the exhaust system.
  • Figure 2 shows the gas actuator control characteristic used for the method with opening position points p1, p2, p3-p9, which represent a defined opening position of the gas valve 2 and therefore a fixed percentage flow rate F of fuel gas.
  • the control of the burner output of the burner 28 takes place in the output range in which the ionization control is sufficiently exact, based on the results of the ionization measurement method using the ionization electrode 7.
  • the gas actuator control characteristic 82 of the gas valve 2 is recorded in the laboratory and stored in the control unit 9. It is used for the method in a power range in which the ionization control based on the ionization measurement via the ionization electrode 7 is not sufficiently accurate.
  • specific opening position points p of the gas actuator are assigned specific powers of the burner 28.
  • the ratio of the amount of fuel gas to the amount of air remains constant in the control using the gas actuator control characteristic line 82.
  • Certain outputs of the burner 28 are assigned to the opening position points p of the gas valve 2 in that during the control of the burner output of the burner 28 in the output range of the ionization control at any opening position point p of the air volume supplied to the burner 28, the correspondingly required fuel gas volume is supplied via the gas valve 2 until the desired air ratio ⁇ has been reached.
  • the required burner output is changed by adapting the amount of air, with opening position points p of the gas valve 2 corresponding to the adjusted burner output being set via the control device 9 from the gas actuator control characteristic line 82.
  • Figures 3 and 4th show the gas actuator control characteristic Figure 2 for two different types of fuel gas, whereby Figure 3 for example natural gas, Figure 4 Corresponds to liquid gas.
  • a gas volume flow for, for example, 10 kW burner output is achieved in the opening position point p8, which corresponds to 80% of the control characteristic.
  • the control activates position p4, which corresponds to 40% of the control characteristic.
  • the fuel gas changes from natural gas to liquid gas, the same burner output results in a burner output of 10kW at an open position point p6, half the burner output at p3, as in Figure 4 shown.
  • the control device 9 can thus adapt or interpolate the burner output to the corresponding air flow from each burner output established and verified once during the ionization control by adapting the opening position points p of the gas valve 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a characteristic drift of the gas actuator control characteristic 82 shown in the course of the service life of the heater 100.
  • a stepper motor M is preferably used to control the gas valve 2.
  • two power points with, for example, opening position points p9 and p6 controlled in the area of the ionization control, which determine 90% and 60% of the burner output of the burner 28.
  • a difference in the step change of the stepping motor M as well as a possible change in power is determined, which is shown in FIG Figure 6 are shown by way of example as ⁇ 9 and ⁇ 6.
  • a new characteristic curve position is determined from the shifts of the two performance points and all new opening position points p are corrected.
  • Figure 6 shows that with an exemplary power of 10% from the step difference of the stepping motor M between the old power point 60% to 10% stored in the control unit 9, a new step difference, identified as ⁇ 1-6, is calculated. The calibrated characteristic then replaces the previous characteristic in the control unit 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage fonctionnant avec du gaz combustible (100) en utilisant un procédé de mesure d'ionisation d'une flamme de brûleur de l'appareil de chauffage, dans lequel
    a) un débit volumique de gaz combustible commandé par l'intermédiaire d'actionneur de gaz et un débit volumique d'air fourni par l'intermédiaire d'une soufflante sont mélangés pour former un mélange de gaz combustible et d'air et sont amenés à un brûleur (28) de l'appareil de chauffage avec un indice d'air λ basé sur une puissance de brûleur souhaitée,
    b) l'indice d'air λ est surveillé au moyen du procédé de mesure d'ionisation de la flamme de brûleur du brûleur (28),
    c) une courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82) de l'actionneur de gaz est détectée en laboratoire et enregistrée dans un appareil de commande (9), la courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82) déterminant un débit en pourcentage à travers l'actionneur de gaz en fonction de points de position d'ouverture (P) de l'actionneur de gaz, le débit en pourcentage à travers l'actionneur de gaz représentant une puissance de brûleur du brûleur,
    d) la régulation d'une puissance de brûleur du brûleur est effectuée dans une première zone de puissance sur la base des résultats du procédé de mesure d'ionisation et dans une deuxième zone de puissance sur la base de la courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82), dans lequel, pendant la régulation de l'appareil de chauffage dans la première zone de puissance, des points de position d'ouverture déterminés (P) de l'actionneur de gaz sont associés à des puissances déterminées du brûleur, et le rapport entre la quantité de gaz combustible et la quantité d'air dans la deuxième zone de puissance étant maintenu constant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les points de position d'ouverture déterminés (P) de l'actionneur de gaz sont associés aux puissances déterminées du brûleur en ce que pendant la régulation de la puissance de brûleur du brûleur dans la première zone de puissance à un point de position d'ouverture quelconque (P), une quantité d'air amenée au brûleur (28) et une quantité de gaz combustible nécessaire sont amenées par l'intermédiaire de l'actionneur de gaz jusqu'à ce qu'un indice d'air λ prédéterminé soit atteint.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une variation de la puissance de brûleur nécessaire est effectuée par une adaptation de la quantité d'air, et dans lequel l'appareil de commande (9) règle à partir de la courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82) des points de position d'ouverture (P) de l'actionneur de gaz correspondant à la puissance de brûleur adaptée.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82) est étalonnée à certains intervalles de temps pour compenser une dérive de courbe caractéristique.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'étalonnage est effectué pendant la régulation de la puissance de brûleur du brûleur (28) dans la première zone de puissance sur la base des résultats du procédé de mesure d'ionisation en ce que deux points de puissance de la puissance de brûleur sont pilotés par l'intermédiaire de l'appareil de commande (9), et les valeurs de puissance enregistrées dans la courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82) de la puissance de brûleur sont comparées avec les valeurs de puissance réelles de la puissance de brûleur, la courbe caractéristique de régulation d'actionneur de gaz (82) étant corrigée par les valeurs de puissance réelles de la puissance de brûleur.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur de gaz est commandé par l'intermédiaire d'un moteur pas-à-pas (M) et un nombre de pas défini du moteur pas-à-pas (M) détermine une variation définie des points de position d'ouverture (P) de l'actionneur de gaz.
EP20172720.3A 2019-06-04 2020-05-04 Procédé de régulation d'un appareil chauffant à gaz combustible Active EP3751200B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019114919.3A DE102019114919A1 (de) 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 Verfahren zur Regelung eines brenngasbetriebenen Heizgerätes

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EP3751200A1 EP3751200A1 (fr) 2020-12-16
EP3751200B1 true EP3751200B1 (fr) 2021-11-03

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DE (1) DE102019114919A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202100032360A1 (it) 2021-12-23 2023-06-23 Sit Spa Metodo e apparato per il monitoraggio e controllo della combustione in apparecchi bruciatori a gas combustibile

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19831648B4 (de) * 1998-07-15 2004-12-23 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur funktionalen Adaption einer Regelelektronik an ein Gasheizgerät
DE10025769A1 (de) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-15 Siemens Building Tech Ag Regeleinrichtung für einen Brenner
DE102004030299A1 (de) * 2004-06-23 2006-01-12 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung und Steuerung einer Feuerungseinrichtung und Feuerungseinrichtung
DE102004055716C5 (de) * 2004-06-23 2010-02-11 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung einer Feuerungseinrichtung und Feuerungseinrichtung (Elektronischer Verbund I)
DE102011102575A1 (de) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Kalibrieren und Betreiben eines Brenners

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DE102019114919A1 (de) 2020-12-10

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