EP3720941A1 - Procede de modification des proprietes organoleptiques d'une boisson alcoolisee - Google Patents
Procede de modification des proprietes organoleptiques d'une boisson alcooliseeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3720941A1 EP3720941A1 EP18804339.2A EP18804339A EP3720941A1 EP 3720941 A1 EP3720941 A1 EP 3720941A1 EP 18804339 A EP18804339 A EP 18804339A EP 3720941 A1 EP3720941 A1 EP 3720941A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- alcoholic beverage
- modifying
- wine
- piece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/06—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with flavouring ingredients
- C12G3/07—Flavouring with wood extracts, e.g. generated by contact with wood; Wood pretreatment therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/08—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of specially shaped wood laths or strips
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/22—Ageing or ripening by storing, e.g. lagering of beer
Definitions
- the present application relates to a method for modifying the organoleptic characteristics of an alcoholic beverage from a wood extraction as well as a piece of wood or a wood extract used for the implementation of said process.
- the wine is aged in an oak barrel.
- a wooden shaft is made from staves which are cut in oak logs. After drying for several years, the staves are planed and shaped so as to obtain staves that are assembled to form the wooden drum. After shaping, the wooden shaft is subjected to a heating called bousinage. Depending on the intensity of the heating, some aromas will develop more than others. The intensity of the heating is adjusted according to the organoleptic characteristics sought for the wine.
- the wood of the barrel diffuses into the wine aromatic compounds that will complete the aromas already present in the wine. It also diffuses polyphenols and tannins that modify the organoleptic characteristics of the wine.
- the aging of wine in a wooden barrel provides a contribution of aromas, tannins and sweetness.
- the wine is aged in a "neutral" tank, usually made of stainless steel.
- Wood chips (or any other piece of wood) having a size greater than 2 mm are introduced into the tank to macerate in the wine for a maceration period of one or more months.
- these wood shavings come from the falls of the cutting of logs into staves.
- staves these wood chips are subjected to heating.
- the wood chips diffuse aromatic compounds, polyphenols and tannins in the wine and allow to obtain a contribution of aromas, tannins and sweetness.
- the wood chips are removed from the wine.
- a characteristic of the wine such as its silky, homogeneous appearance
- sweetness, new tannins and / or new aromas it is very difficult to modify a characteristic of the wine, such as its silky, homogeneous appearance, without adding sweetness, new tannins and / or new aromas.
- the intake of sweetness, new tannins and / or new flavors is not necessary, or even detrimental to the desired organoleptic characteristics.
- the present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the subject of the invention is a method for modifying the organoleptic properties of an alcoholic beverage characterized in that it comprises a step of aging a piece of wood, a wood powder or a wood extract to remove aromatic components from the piece of wood, wood powder or wood extract and a short wood extraction step to limit the extraction of tannic components, the aging step may be before or after the extraction step.
- the method comprises a step of strong heating subsequent to the aging step
- the wood or wood extract is heated to a temperature of 200 ° C or more for a period of at least 25 minutes for the pieces of wood, at least 10 minutes for the wood powder or at least a minute for the wood extract;
- the extraction stage is carried out in the alcoholic beverage
- the extraction step is carried out in an aqueous medium different from the alcoholic beverage, and the wood extract thus obtained is integrated into the alcoholic beverage;
- the extraction step is a maceration with a duration less than or equal to 1 h;
- the aging stage is obtained by leaving the wood in contact with the air and has a duration allowing a modification of the wood to the heart or at least 3 mm of thickness starting from the surface of the wood.
- FIG. 1 is a section of a stave into which wooden sticks according to the invention are cut
- FIG. 2 is a top view of a stick which illustrates an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a section of the stick visible in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 is a section of a stick which illustrates another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a front view of a circular saw train used for cutting rods and machining grooves in the rods
- FIG. 6 is a diagram of a device making it possible to implement a first vinification or wine-raising method using a rod according to the invention.
- Figure 7 is a diagram of a device for implementing a first method of vinification or raising a wine using a rod according to the invention.
- a wine is characterized by its aromatic palette, the quantity and quality of its tannins and other characteristics. This set of characteristics is usually called organoleptic characteristics of wine.
- a wine can be perceived as very silky (impression given by a velvety, smooth wine) or very rough (impression given by a wine which presents an excessive roughness and astringency).
- very silky impression given by a velvety, smooth wine
- very rough impression given by a wine which presents an excessive roughness and astringency
- the present invention aims at modifying the relief of the wine or any other alcoholic drink without adding sweetness, new tannins and / or aromas.
- Alcoholic beverage means any fermented, macerated, distilled or other beverage containing ethanol.
- Figure 1 there is shown in 10 wooden sticks cut in a stave 12 of an oak barrel that has been used for breeding at least one wine.
- the stave 12 comprises an inner face 12.1, an outer face 12.2 and songs 12.3 and 12.4.
- Part 14 of the stave 12 which extends from the inner face 12.1 to a given depth of the order of 5 mm is altered by the heating during the preparation of the wooden drum and / or by the wine when of wine breeding.
- the wooden sticks 10 are cut out of the altered part (s) 14 of the stave 12.
- the staves 12 are made from staves oak wood, dried in the open air for a minimum of 18 months.
- the staves are heated and moistened to bend them and set up the barrel strapping. After shaping, the wooden shaft undergoes a heating phase called bousinage.
- These heaters allow the destructuration of the lignocellulosic material (or a fractionation of the lignin / polyphenol / polysaccharide complexes) and a fusion of the surface parietal constituents.
- each rod 10 has an approximately parallelepipedal shape which has a substantially constant section and a length L substantially greater than the other dimensions of its section.
- the longitudinal direction is parallel to the length of the rod 10.
- a plane or a cross section is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- Each rod 10 has at least one groove 16 disposed between at least two wings 18, parallel to the longitudinal direction, connected by a base 20 so that for a given cross section, the rod 10 has a substantially constant thickness of between 1 and 4 mm.
- At least one groove 16 increases the contact area between the wood and the wine for a given volume of wood.
- the fact of having a constant thickness makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous heating, at the surface and at the core, over the entire thickness of the wooden stick 10.
- Each rod 10 has a rectangular or square cross section that has a larger side smaller than 20 mm and a smaller side larger than 5 mm.
- the rod 10 has an approximately square section, with a side between 16 and 18 mm. It comprises several grooves 16, of the order of four, which separate five wings 18 connected by a base 20. Each wing 18 has a thickness e of the order of 2 mm, a height h of the order of 15 mm and the groove has a thickness e ⁇ substantially equal to e.
- the base has a thickness of between 2 and 3 mm.
- the stick has a length L of between 50 and 200 mm, preferably between 100 and 130 mm.
- the rod 10 has a U-shaped section and has two wings 18 separated by a groove 16.
- each wing 18 has a thickness e of the order of 2 mm, height h of the order of 15 mm and the groove has a thickness e ⁇ substantially equal to e.
- the base has a thickness of between 2 and 3 mm.
- the stick has a length of between 50 and 200 mm, preferably between 100 and 130 mm.
- each stave 12 is machined so as to form a wooden plate with two parallel faces 22.1 and 22.2 separated by a distance equal to one of the sides of the cross section of the rods 10.
- a circular saw train 24 which comprises circular saws 26.1 of a first diameter D1, configured to separate the rods 10, and circular saws 26.2 of a second diameter D2, smaller than the diameter D1, configured to machine the grooves 16.
- the rods 10 After machining, the rods 10 are subjected to a strong heating. The wood of the rods 10 changes color and becomes dark brown-brown.
- the rods 10 are heated by convection at a temperature above 200 ° C, of the order of 230 ° C, for a period of at least 25 min or more depending on the amount of wood and the oven used.
- the wooden sticks 10 are ready to be used to modify the organoleptic characteristics of a wine, in particular its relief.
- the invention is not limited to this rod-shaped embodiment.
- the piece of wood used can have different shapes.
- the piece of oak wood in which the piece of wood is cut is subjected to a transformation similar to that of a stave of a barrel of oak wood that has been used for the breeding of au less a wine.
- the piece of wood is cut from oak logs and undergoes the following steps:
- the piece of wood must have a low ellagitannin content.
- the pieces of wood treated according to the invention can be used during the vinification, the aging of a wine and / or after raising a wine in a wooden barrel.
- At least one wooden stick 10 is brought into direct contact with the wine by soaking for a longer or shorter duration, depending on the desired organoleptic characteristics.
- the wine 30 is stored in a tank 32 of a volume V.
- At least one stick 10 is immersed in an auxiliary tank 34, having a volume much lower than that of the tank, in which a flow of wine taken and returned to the tank using a pump 36.
- the wine 30 is stored in a tank 32 of a volume V.
- At least one stick 10 is immersed in a fraction of wine 38 taken from the tank 32, the fraction of wine 38 having a volume v 0 at least 100 times smaller than the volume V of the tank 32.
- This fraction of wine 38, in which the rod 10 has macerated for a given duration, is called a concentrate.
- the organoleptic characteristics of this concentrate are evaluated and a certain percentage of this concentrate is reintroduced into the tank 32 according to the desired organoleptic characteristics for the wine in the tank 32 and the organoleptic characteristics evaluated of the concentrate.
- This second technique makes it possible to obtain a more precise treatment.
- the wooden stick or the piece of wood 10 treated according to the invention is immersed in the wine during a period of contact which does not exceed 1 h, which is significantly less than the contact time of the wood and wine which is several months for the techniques of the prior art.
- the method of the invention can be implemented at any time of the development of a wine, even after its aging in a wooden drum. In the latter case, it allows to refine the relief of the wine.
- the wood undergoes a step of aging of the wood which consists of essentially removing the aromatic components and components related to the sweetness supply on at least a certain thickness of the wood.
- this aging step is obtained by leaving the wood in contact with the air.
- This aging step progressively modifies the wood from its surface towards the heart with a penetration rate of approximately 1 mm / year.
- the duration of the aging step is a function of the dimensions of the wood to be treated. The thicker the wood, the longer the aging stage is important.
- the wood aging step is performed by leaving the wood powder in contact with the air for at least 18 days to obtain a modification of the wood to the heart of the wood.
- the duration of the aging step must allow a modification of the wood to the heart of the wood or at least 3 mm thick from the surface, knowing that the speed of penetration is about 1 mm per year.
- the aging step can be achieved by leaving the static wood in contact with the air.
- the invention is not limited to this aging step.
- a piece of fresh wood can undergo a stage of biochemical maturation in the open air for a minimum period of 18 months, a heating step, a dipping step in demineralized water, a step of sterilization, and alternating phases of biochemical maturation and drying in hydo-alcoholic acid solution for 3 years.
- the wood undergoes an extraction step to extract so-called structuring components to modify the organoleptic characteristics of an alcoholic beverage, in the case of wine its relief, without adding sweetness, tannins and / or aromas.
- structuring components are extracted faster than the tannic components.
- this extraction step is obtained by maceration at room temperature of the wood for a period of less than 3 days. Beyond 3 days, extraction of the tannic components of the wood is too important.
- the duration of the maceration step at room temperature is less than or equal to 1 h. This duration can be modulated according to the conditions of the maceration, in particular the temperature.
- the invention is not limited to maceration for extraction.
- Other procedures for the extraction could be envisaged as long as this procedure favors the extraction of the structuring components and limits the extraction of the tannic components.
- the step of extracting the wood is carried out in the alcoholic beverage whose organoleptic properties are to be modified.
- the step of extracting the wood is carried out in an aqueous medium (in water for example) different from the alcoholic beverage and the extract thus obtained is integrated into the alcoholic beverage which is sought to modify the organoleptic properties.
- the extract Prior to its incorporation into the alcoholic beverage, the extract can be concentrated or dehydrated.
- the method includes a strong heating step for heating the wood to a temperature of 200 ° C or higher for a period of at least 25 minutes for pieces of wood, at least 10 minutes for the powder or at least 1 minute for the extracts.
- This heating step is always subsequent to the aging step, the aging and heating steps always being prior to the incorporation of the wood extract into the alcoholic beverage.
- This heating step completes the aging step. For wood cut for more than thirty years, this heating step is not necessary.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to remove the essentially aromatic components by virtue of the aging step and to avoid the addition of the tannic components by short-term extraction.
- the method allows to integrate into the alcoholic beverage structuring components without adding sweetness, tannins and / or aromas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1761634A FR3074442B1 (fr) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | Procede d'obtention d'un morceau de bois permettant de modifier les caracteristiques organoleptiques d'un vin, morceau de bois ainsi obtenu et procede de vinification et/ou d'elevage d'un vin utilisant ledit morceau de bois |
PCT/EP2018/082469 WO2019110337A1 (fr) | 2017-12-05 | 2018-11-26 | Procede de modification des proprietes organoleptiques d'une boisson alcoolisee |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3720941A1 true EP3720941A1 (fr) | 2020-10-14 |
Family
ID=61224083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18804339.2A Pending EP3720941A1 (fr) | 2017-12-05 | 2018-11-26 | Procede de modification des proprietes organoleptiques d'une boisson alcoolisee |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200283709A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3720941A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2018378725A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3074442B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019110337A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ309150B6 (cs) * | 2020-06-17 | 2022-03-16 | Mendelova Univerzita V Brně | Způsob výroby extraktu z tepelně zpracovaného dřeva, extrakt připravený tímto způsobem a použití tohoto extraktu pro alkoholické nápoje |
US12024694B1 (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2024-07-02 | Theisen Design & Manufacturing, Inc. | Reduced waste beverage treatment apparatus and methods |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2487594A (en) * | 1944-01-26 | 1949-11-08 | Harold A Rudnick | Means for aging alcoholic liquors in bottles |
FR1164437A (fr) * | 1957-01-14 | 1958-10-09 | Procédé pour la fabrication des produits destinés à l'amélioration et au vieillissement accéléré des vins, spiritueux et boissons similaires, et produits conformes à ceux obtenus | |
GB958825A (en) * | 1962-07-27 | 1964-05-27 | Robert Baker Carroll | Alcoholic beverage and process of making same |
LU77707A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-07 | 1979-03-26 | Seguin & Cie | Procede d'extraction de constituants de bois destines a etre utilises dans l'elaboration de liquides alcoolises et produit obtenu au cours de ce procede |
DD134779B1 (de) * | 1978-02-01 | 1981-02-25 | Klaus Dudar | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beschleunigung der reifung von spirituosen |
FR2561161B1 (fr) * | 1984-03-14 | 1990-05-11 | Rosa Sa Fermeture | Procede de fabrication de lames rainurees ou moulurees telles que lames de volets, moulures de menuiserie ou de batiment et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
US4558639A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-12-17 | Jalger Limited | Insert for a container for aging wine |
US5102675A (en) * | 1990-12-31 | 1992-04-07 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Method for producing and using oak in divided form for flavoring wine |
US6203836B1 (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 2001-03-20 | Kairos Corporation | Method of treating wood and treated wood for use in flavoring aqueous food products and resulting products |
US5647268A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-07-15 | Sullivan; Stephen T. | Infusion sleeve for wine barrels |
BE1013340A6 (fr) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-12-04 | Robert Stiernon S A Nv Ets | Procede pour la fabrication de tanins oenologiques. |
FR2832419B1 (fr) * | 2001-11-20 | 2004-09-24 | Camus La Grande Marque Sa | Procede de vieillissement accelere des alcools |
US20030157216A1 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-21 | Plumb David Carl | Accelerated oak extraction method |
US20050031760A1 (en) * | 2003-02-08 | 2005-02-10 | Plumb David C. | Barrel alternative for flavoring wine |
US6898834B1 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2005-05-31 | Westbridge Pty Ltd | Barrel stave reclaim |
FR2864965B1 (fr) * | 2004-01-09 | 2007-02-09 | Euratec Europ D Assistance Tec | Procede de tanisage de boisson alcoolique elevee en futs, dispositif et fut pour sa mise en oeuvre |
US8889206B2 (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2014-11-18 | Thomas Steven LIX | Whiskey making method |
-
2017
- 2017-12-05 FR FR1761634A patent/FR3074442B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-11-26 EP EP18804339.2A patent/EP3720941A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-11-26 AU AU2018378725A patent/AU2018378725A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-11-26 WO PCT/EP2018/082469 patent/WO2019110337A1/fr unknown
- 2018-11-26 US US16/762,318 patent/US20200283709A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3074442A1 (fr) | 2019-06-07 |
US20200283709A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
FR3074442B1 (fr) | 2020-07-24 |
WO2019110337A1 (fr) | 2019-06-13 |
AU2018378725A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
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