EP3708714B1 - Securing device for securing a civil engineering element and civil engineering method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a securing device for securing a civil engineering element on a construction machine, in particular a pile-driven material on a pile-driving device, with a connecting device on the construction machine and a flexible securing element, in particular a securing chain, a first end of the flexible securing element being attached to the construction machine and a second end is provided with a connecting member which can be passed through a securing eye on the civil engineering element and can be releasably attached to the construction machine with the connecting device, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention also relates to a civil engineering method in which a civil engineering element on a construction machine, in particular a pile-driven material on a ramming device, is fixed by means of a flexible securing element, in particular a securing chain, a first end of the flexible securing element being attached to the construction machine and a second end is provided with a connecting member which is guided through a securing eye on the civil engineering element and is releasably fastened to the construction machine with a connecting device for securing the position of the civil engineering element on the construction machine, according to the preamble of claim 10.

A generic safety device is based on DE 3 602 609 A1 emerged. A sheet pile can be loosely attached to a vibration device by means of chain anchoring. A safety chain is passed through a through hole or a safety eye at an upper end area of the screed. The safety chain is attached to the vibration device at one end. After passing through, the loose end is attached to the vibration device by means of a plug connection.

The vibrating device can then be driven upwards along a mast, the sheet pile being held by the chain anchorage and being pulled upward, with an upper end of the sheet pile entering a receiving slot of the vibrating device between two clamping jaws. Then the sheet pile can be clamped on the vibration device between the two clamping jaws. Then the clamped sheet pile pile can be driven or rammed vertically into the ground by means of the vibration device.

After civil engineering work has been completed, it is often necessary or desirable to remove the sheet piles from the ground. For this purpose, the known pile-driving device can also be used, the safety chain having to be guided through the safety eye on the sheet pile before pulling the sheet pile, in order to additionally secure the sheet pile to the driving or vibrating device. The upper end of the plank is then clamped in again and pulled out of the ground by means of the vibration device. The safety chain serves as an additional mechanical positional safeguard so that the screed does not fall to the ground in an uncontrolled manner if the hydraulic tensioning device fails. In addition, the screed is placed back on the ground with the help of the safety chain after releasing the clamping jaws.

A similar arrangement of a piling device is from U.S. 5,332,047 known. In this known device, a pile-shaped pile is driven into the ground, a safety chain also being arranged between the pile and the pile driver.

The safety chain serves as an additional mechanical positional safeguard for the pile, which is usually a steel part up to 10 m or more long and weighing several 100 kg. With hydraulic clamping devices, malfunctions, incorrect operation or damage to the hydraulic system can lead to an unexpected loosening or reduction of the hydraulic clamping force. Without the presence of an additional mechanical position security by the Safety chain, there is a risk that the pile will fall from a vertical position to the ground and cause property damage and personal injury. Numerous fatal accidents have been documented.

In practice it can happen that construction site personnel forgets to attach the safety chain or that it is not correctly attached. This represents a considerable risk to occupational safety.

Another generic safety device is from the EP 3 228 392 A1 known.

From the US 2002/063 245 A1 shows a pulling device for piles in which the piles are connected with a chain with a pull yoke.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a safety device and a civil engineering method with which a particularly high level of work safety is ensured.

According to the invention, the object is achieved on the one hand by a safety device with the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a civil engineering method with the features of claim 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

The securing device according to the invention is characterized in that a detector unit is provided on the connecting device, which is designed to detect attachment of the connecting link to the connecting device, and that a signal can be generated and emitted by the detector unit when attachment of the connecting link is detected.

A basic idea of the invention is to verify correct closing of the flexible securing element on the connecting device. For this purpose, a detector unit is arranged on the connecting device, which detects the picking up and fastening of the connecting link to the connecting device. Here, the detector unit emits a signal, in particular an electrical signal, when the connecting link has been correctly fastened. In addition or as an alternative, the detector unit can also emit a signal if the connecting link has not been fastened or not fastened correctly.

The signal can be displayed directly to a machine operator, for example in a control station. A corresponding warning device, which is operated optically and / or acoustically in particular, can also be actuated by the signal. The signal can also be fed to a corresponding control unit of the construction machine The control unit then intervenes accordingly in the further operating sequence. In particular, further operation of the construction machine can be stopped or at least restricted, for example in such a way that the ramming material cannot be clamped to the ramming device or the ram drive unit cannot be started until the connecting link has been correctly attached.

A preferred development of the invention consists in that at least one locking bolt is provided on the connecting device, by means of which the connecting member can be locked in the connecting device. The at least one locking bolt thus represents a mechanical blocking of the connecting link in the connecting device. The detector device can alternatively or additionally detect the position of the locking bolt.

According to a development of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the locking bolt is adjustably mounted between a retracted position for receiving or releasing the connecting member in the connecting device and a locking position in which the connecting member is locked in the connecting device. In the retracted position, the locking bolt can be held in place with a slight force by locking. This allows simple insertion of the connecting link into the connecting device and subsequent locking by moving the locking bolt into the locking position. Alternatively, the locking bolt can also be held in the locking position in a spring-tensioned manner. To insert the connecting link, the locking bolt is briefly withdrawn against the spring tension, which is then pushed back into the locking position by the spring force after the connecting link has been inserted into a corresponding lock of the connecting device. The lock can be operated by hand or preferably by an activatable actuator, such as a hydraulic actuator cylinder.

A particularly expedient variant embodiment of the invention can be seen in the fact that the position of the connecting member in the locking position can be detected by the detector unit. This can be done alone or in addition to detecting the position of the locking bolt. This achieves a particularly high level of detection reliability.

A particularly efficient variant embodiment of the invention results from the fact that the detector unit has at least one proximity sensor. A proximity sensor is a robust and generally inexpensive sensor element. As a result, the detector unit can be designed in a particularly economical and reliable manner.

It is particularly advantageous that the proximity sensor can detect when the connecting link is in the connecting device. At the same time, the same or another proximity sensor can also be used to determine the position of the locking bolt in order to increase the detection reliability.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that the flexible securing element is electrically conductive and that an electrical energy source is provided with which between a fastening element, to which the first end of the flexible securing element is attached, and the connecting device through the flexible securing element Test current can be conducted, which can be detected by the detector unit. The electrical energy source can in particular be a current or voltage source, by means of which a test current is generated continuously or at certain times. If the flexible fuse element is correctly connected to the connecting device, a test current is conducted from the fastening element at one end of the flexible fuse element to its other end on the connecting device. This safety arrangement can be provided in addition to or instead of the detection arrangement described above. The flexible safety element can be, for example, a steel cable or a chain made of metallic or electrically conductive chain links. When a rope is used, it can also be provided or formed with a correspondingly electrically conductive material only on its outside or inside.

It is particularly useful here that the fastening element and the connecting device are electrically isolated from the construction machine. This avoids leakage currents. The electrical insulation can take place by means of appropriate electrically insulating materials. It when the fastening element and the connecting device are fastened to the construction machine via rubber buffers is particularly advantageous. This not only provides electrical insulation, but acoustic insulation and thus a reduction in sound radiation is also achieved.

The invention also comprises a construction machine, in particular a pile driving device for driving a pile into the ground, the previously described safety device being provided.

The ramming device has a ram drive unit which is used to drive the pile, in particular a pile, a girder or a sheet pile, into the ground by means of vibrations or pulses. The ram drive unit can be a vibrator with rotatable unbalance elements or a ram hammer with a linearly reversing impulse element. The vibrator can have one or more pairs of rotatable unbalance elements, which are mounted so as to be adjustable in relation to one another in a known manner in order to generate a directed unbalance. Alternatively, the pile driving unit can be a pile hammer. The ramming movement can trigger impact pulses in which the reversely driven pulse element hits a striking surface. Alternatively, the pulse element can also be driven in a reversing manner without impact contact, so that a targeted vibration movement is generated and transmitted to the pile.

The construction machine can have a mobile carrier device on which a mast is arranged. The ram drive unit can be mounted vertically adjustable along the mast. The carrier device can in particular have a crawler chassis on which a rotatable superstructure with a boom for a rope suspension or a vertical mast with a slide guide, in particular a telescopic leader, is mounted.

The civil engineering method according to the invention is characterized in that a connection device of a detector unit is provided, with which fastening of the connecting link to the connecting device is detected, and that a signal is generated and emitted by the detector unit when fastening and / or no fastening of the connecting link is detected is.

The civil engineering method can in particular be carried out with the safety device described above. The advantages described here can be achieved.

A preferred variant of the method of the invention consists in that the construction machine is a pile-driving device with which a pile-driven material is driven into the ground as a civil engineering element or pulled out of it. The pile can be a pile, a girder, a pipe, a sheet pile, etc. In particular when driving in a sheet pile wall, a large number of such underground construction elements can be driven in, so that a so-called sheet pile wall is formed in the ground.

Fig. 1

eine Querschnittsansicht durch einen Teil einer Baumaschine mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsvorrichtung in einem offenen Zustand;

Fig. 2

eine Vorderansicht der Sicherungsvorrichtung von Fig. 1 in einem geschlossenen Zustand;

Fig. 3

eine Querschnittsansicht der Sicherungsvorrichtung von Fig. 2 entlang der Linie A-A;

Fig. 4

eine vergrößerte Detailansicht einer Verbindungseinrichtung der Sicherungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 3 in perspektivischer Darstellung;

Fig. 5

die Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 in Vorderansicht, und

Fig. 6

eine Vorderansicht der Verbindungseinrichtung von Fig. 5 mit aufgenommenem Verbindungsglied.

The invention is further described below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments which are shown schematically in the drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1

a cross-sectional view through part of a construction machine with a safety device according to the invention in an open state;

Fig. 2

a front view of the safety device of Fig. 1 in a closed state;

Fig. 3

a cross-sectional view of the securing device of FIG Fig. 2 along the line AA;

Fig. 4

an enlarged detailed view of a connecting device of the securing device according to FIG Fig. 3 in perspective view;

Fig. 5

the connecting device according to Fig. 4 in front view, and

Fig. 6

FIG. 3 is a front view of the connector of FIG Fig. 5 with incorporated connecting link.

The basic structure of a securing device 20 according to the invention on a construction machine 10 is shown in FIG Figures 1 to 3 shown. The construction machine 10, which is only partially shown, has a ram drive unit 12, which can have imbalances that can be driven in rotation in a basically known manner. A hydraulic clamping device 13 is arranged on a lower region of the ram drive unit 12, with which a civil engineering element 5, which in the illustrated embodiment is a sheet pile wall, can be firmly clamped between two clamping jaws.

To introduce the plank-shaped civil engineering element 5 into the clamping device 13, a first insertion flank 14 and a second insertion flank 15 are arranged at the lower end of the ram drive unit 12, which together form an approximately V-shaped receiving slot. A securing device 20 according to the invention is provided for additionally securing the position of the civil engineering element 5.

The securing device 20 comprises a flexible securing element 22, which is designed as a chain in the illustrated embodiment. A first end of the chain is fastened to the first insertion flank 14 and thus to the construction machine 10 by means of a plate-shaped fastening element 28. An insulating layer 29 can be arranged between the fastening element 28 and the first insertion flank 14, with which the fastening element 28 and thus the flexible securing element 22 is electrically insulated from the construction machine 10.

At the second end of the flexible securing element 22, a connecting member 24 is attached, which is designed as an approximately T-shaped toggle. The connecting member 24 can be pushed through a through hole or a securing eyelet 7 on the plank-shaped civil engineering element 5 and guided to a connecting device 30 on the second insertion flank 15, as illustrated in FIG Figures 2 and 3 is shown. The connecting member 24 can be introduced or pushed into a suitable slot-shaped receptacle 32 on the box-shaped connecting device 30, wherein the connecting member 24 can be locked in the connecting device 30. The box-shaped connector 30 in a receiving state is in the Figures 4 and 5 shown. A block-like housing 31 has a slot-like receptacle 32 for receiving the connecting member 24. The receptacle 32 is open on one side which faces away from the clamped civil engineering element 5.

Furthermore, a slot 33 is made on an underside of the housing 31, the slot width of which is smaller than the receiving area of the receptacle 32 located above it. Two lateral, rail-like supports 35 are formed, which serve to place the toggle-shaped connecting member 24 on. Towards the open side, the supports 35 can be designed with an upwardly projecting shoulder 37.

On an upper side of the housing 31, a proximity sensor 42 is introduced as a detector unit 40 into a corresponding receiving bore. The proximity sensor 42 is designed to detect the presence of the connecting link 24 in the receptacle 32 of the connecting device 30. Furthermore, a vertically displaceable locking bolt 34 with an upper actuating plate 36 protrudes from a receiving bore on the upper side of the housing 31. The locking bolt 34 with the actuating plate 36 is designed for mechanical operation by hand or by means of an actuating tool. For actuation, however, an active device (not shown), in particular an actuator such as a pneumatic or hydraulic actuator cylinder, can be provided.

In Fig. 6 the state of the securing device 20 is shown in which the T-shaped connecting link 24 of the chain-shaped flexible securing element 22 is inserted into the receptacle 32 of the connecting device 30. To secure the position of the connecting member 24 in the receptacle 32, the locking bolt 34 is adjusted downward from a retracted position into a locking position. In this position, both the presence of the connecting link 24 in the connecting device 30 and an adjustment of the locking bolt 34 into the locking position can be determined by the detector unit 40 with the proximity sensor 42.

In this state, the detector unit 40 can send a signal to a control unit, which signals that the connecting member 24 is correctly attached in the connecting device 30 and that the civil engineering element 5 is thus correctly secured by the flexible securing element 22.

Claims (11)

1. Securing means for securing a civil engineering element (5) to a construction machine (10), in particular a pile to a pile driver with a connecting means (30) at the construction machine (10) and a flexible securing element (22), in particular a securing chain, wherein a first end of the flexible securing element (22) is attached to the construction machine (10) and a second end is provided with a connecting link (24) which can pass through a securing lug (7) on the civil engineering element (5) and can be releasably fastened to the construction machine (10) by the connecting means (30),
   characterised in that
   a detection unit (40) is provided on the connecting means (30), which detection unit is designed for identifying a fastening of the connecting link (24) to the connecting means (30), and
   in that the detection unit (40) can generate and output a signal if a fastening of the connecting link (24) is identified.
2. Securing means according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   at least one locking bolt (34) is provided on the connecting means (30), by means of which bolt the connecting link (24) can be locked in the connecting means (30).
3. Securing means according to claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the locking bolt (34) is adjustably mounted between a retracted position for receiving or releasing the connecting link (24) in the connecting means (30), and a latching position in which the connecting link (24) is locked in the connecting means (30).
4. Securing means according to any of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the detection unit (40) can identify the position of the connecting link (24) in the locking position.
5. Securing means according to any of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that
   the detection unit (40) comprises at least one proximity sensor (42).
6. Securing means according to claim 5,
   characterised in that
   the proximity sensor (42) can identify if the connecting link (24) is located in the connecting means (30).
7. Securing means according to any of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that
   the flexible securing element (22) is electrically conductive, and
   in that an electrical energy source is provided, by means of which a test current can be conducted between a fastening element (28), to which the first end of the flexible securing element is attached (22), and the connection means (30) through the flexible securing element (22), which current can be identified by the detection unit (40).
8. Securing means according to claim 7,
   characterised in that
   the fastening element (28) and the connecting means (30) are electrically insulated with respect to the construction machine (10).
9. Construction machine, in particular pile driver for driving and/or drawing a pile in / out of the ground,
   characterised in that
   a securing means (20) according to any of claims 1 to 8 is provided.
10. Civil engineering method, in particular using a securing means (20) according to any of claims 1 to 9,
    in which a civil engineering element (5) is fixed to a construction machine (10), in particular a pile to a pile driver, by means of a flexible securing element (22), in particular a securing chain, wherein a first end of the flexible securing element (22) is attached to the construction machine (10) and a second end is provided with a connecting link (24) which is passed through a securing lug (7) on the civil engineering element (5) and is releasably fastened to the construction machine (10) by a connecting means (30) in order to secure the position of the civil engineering element (5) on the construction machine (10),
    characterised in that
    a detection unit (40) is provided on the connecting means (30), which detection unit identifies a fastening of the connecting link (24) to the connecting means (30), and
    in that the detection unit (40) generates and outputs a signal when a fastening and/or a lack of fastening of the connecting link (24) is identified.
11. Civil engineering method according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the construction machine (10) is a pile driver, by means of which a pile, as the civil engineering element (5), is driven into the ground or drawn out of the ground.

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