EP0237971B1 - Apparatus for inserting and/or withdrawing a construction profile - Google Patents

Apparatus for inserting and/or withdrawing a construction profile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0237971B1
EP0237971B1 EP87103629A EP87103629A EP0237971B1 EP 0237971 B1 EP0237971 B1 EP 0237971B1 EP 87103629 A EP87103629 A EP 87103629A EP 87103629 A EP87103629 A EP 87103629A EP 0237971 B1 EP0237971 B1 EP 0237971B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
exciter
oscillator
casing
construction profile
housing
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EP87103629A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0237971A3 (en
EP0237971A2 (en
Inventor
Burkhard Wüst
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Hutz Horst Guenter
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Hutz Horst Guenter
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Priority to AT87103629T priority Critical patent/ATE68028T1/en
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Publication of EP0237971A3 publication Critical patent/EP0237971A3/en
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Publication of EP0237971B1 publication Critical patent/EP0237971B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/02—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers specially adapted for placing or removing bulkheads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for inserting and / or extracting building profiles in the form of duct boards, sheet piling elements or the like, into or out of the ground, with a vibratory system designed as a vibrating hammer, consisting of an exciter mounted in a housing via spring elements, which means a clamping device with the building profile to be moved can be connected in terms of vibration and the clamping device is mechanically connected to two spaced-apart striking surfaces, and the housing is slidably fastened to the striking surfaces, the distance between the striking surfaces of the exciter and the striking surfaces being limited by adjustable stops (see for Example FR-A-1479724).
  • Vibrators or rams are used to drive in sheet piling, channel boards or generally ram profiles, which are slidably arranged on a guide frame or leader.
  • the ramming or building profile to be driven is detected by a clamping device and fixed below the vibrator.
  • a clamping device can be seen, for example, from DE-A-33 38 144.
  • Clamping devices are also known which have a continuous profile insertion, so that the building profile is lifted into the profile insertion with the aid of a lifting device and passed through until it reaches the required height to the ground in order to be driven. During the work process, the clamping device progressively advances to the upper end of the construction profile when the construction profile is introduced into the ground.
  • Vibration systems are also known which can also be used as a hammer, in which the tensioning device is opened and strikes the upper end of the construction profile.
  • the steel profiles can be introduced into the ground, but not driven out of the ground. But this is precisely why often greater forces are required because the adhesion between the building profile and the soil increases over the course of time in which a building profile is in the ground due to corrosion, rust, soil compaction and the like.
  • the known systems require additional aids, such as heavy pure impact systems, large freeriders, special lifting devices and the like.
  • additional aids such as heavy pure impact systems, large freeriders, special lifting devices and the like.
  • the additional transport to and from the site, and the working hours there are other disadvantages.
  • the use of such devices is often difficult or impossible due to the local conditions, especially in buildings in the city. Furthermore, the use of such devices is associated with a large and disruptive noise.
  • a hammer works with greater efficiency than a vibrator, since the paths of the structural profile to be driven in per stroke are greater than with a vibrator and a relatively high amount of energy has to be applied with every transition from static friction to sliding friction.
  • the invention is based on this finding.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide in a device of the type mentioned in addition to the imprinted vibration energy means with which a variable and the independently and without unfavorable influence on the vibration system or the vibration systems If necessary, adaptable force can be continuously exerted on the construction profile to be inserted or extracted, so that the efficiency of the device can be increased considerably while saving energy.
  • the invention is also based on the object of specifying means to generate impact forces in the pulling direction of a building profile with the aid of a vibrating hammer, so that building profiles located in the ground and firmly adhering can be extracted by impact forces in combination with static forces.
  • This measure according to the invention succeeds in impressing both a changeable static force and a dynamic force generated by the vibration system or the hammer independently of one another on the construction profile to be inserted or extracted.
  • the spring travel of the exciter's springs can also be designed cheaply for any application.
  • the vibration ability of the springs is influenced, but the possibility of adjusting the spring travel allows a maximum solution to be achieved in relation to the additional forces achieved.
  • the striking surfaces are advantageously designed as striking plates which are spaced apart from one another by rods.
  • This measure according to the invention enables the different forces, namely the dynamic forces from the exciter and the static forces from a fluid, for example hydraulic, system to be impressed independently of one another on the structural profile via the clamping device.
  • the exciter has impact-damping elements at the ends opposite the striking surfaces or striking plates, so that both the vibrations generated and transmitted by a vibrating hammer and the strikes caused by a corresponding switchover are acoustically damped, the vibration losses occurring being extremely low.
  • shock-absorbing elements advantageously each consist of a wooden plate or of materials with similar damping properties.
  • the static forces acting on the housing are brought about with the aid of a leader.
  • the energies required for this are extremely low.
  • the adjustable stops to limit the spring travel of the springs which are effective between the shock-absorbing elements and the housing or the supporting structure, each consist of a screw bolt which is provided with locking nuts.
  • the stop distance and thus the spring travel can thus be changed in a simple manner, both for forces in the direction of insertion and in the direction of pull.
  • the housing is slidably connected to the linkage with the aid of at least one sliding guide which has bearing bushes. This results in a safe movement of the oscillatory system without jamming or the like.
  • the amplitudes of the oscillatory system are also adjustable so that the system can meet all requirements that occur in practice.
  • the ratio of the applied static force to the ratio of the applied dynamic force can be changed in this way.
  • the static forces acting on the housing or the supporting structure can, according to the invention, be kept constant within a definable fluctuation range after initiation of a movement process of the construction profile, so that the process described above can be achieved.
  • the exciter 1 is located in a housing 2, in which it is resiliently supported by spring elements, not shown, such that it can carry out vibrations in the vertical direction.
  • the housing 2 has a column or sliding guide 12 which is slidably mounted along a plurality of guide columns. Four such guide columns 11 are expediently provided.
  • the guide columns 11 are screwed at their ends with striking plates 7 and 8.
  • a hydraulic device with an extendable and retractable hydraulic cylinder 15 is located above the upper impact plate 7.
  • the lower striking plate 8 is integrated, for example welded, with the clamping device 3 designed as a collet.
  • the clamping device 3 designed as a collet.
  • a construction profile 4 is shown in the clamped state.
  • the exciter 1 has an upper and a lower damping plate 9 or 10 made of wood.
  • Adjustable stops 13 and 14 are connected to the housing 2.
  • the lower stop 13 defines the oscillation amplitude of the lower damping plate and the upper stop 14 the amplitude of the upper damping plate 9.
  • Reference number 16 indicates a leader guide and 5 denotes the pulling direction upwards and 6 correspondingly downwards.
  • a steel profile 4 is to be driven into the earth by vibration and impact, it is gripped by the tensioning device 3 and clamped by means of a hydraulic device (not shown in more detail).
  • a static force is exerted on the housing 2 in the pulling direction 6, as a result of which the adjustable stop 13 is guided up to the striking plate 8.
  • the static force applied is transmitted to the steel profile via the striking plate 8 and clamping device 3 and drives it into the ground.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 15 is now extended, the exciter 1 is clamped between the upper and lower striking plates 7 and 8 by its piston rod, so that when the exciter 1 is switched on, its vibrational energy via the lower striking plate 8 and the clamping device 3 is applied to the structure under static pressure. or steel profile 4 is transmitted so that the forces are superimposed.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used in all the functions described, namely vibrating, hitting and the action of a static force, in order to exert a corresponding tensile force on a construction profile.
  • a static force is exerted in the pulling direction 5, which acts via the housing 2 and presses its stop 14 against the striking plate 7. These forces are transmitted to the construction profile 4 via the guide columns 11 and the clamping device 3. If the exciter is switched on in this state, it can swing freely downwards and strikes with its upper damping plate 9 against the upper striking plate 7 during its upward movement and thus acts as a hammer, the stroke of which is transmitted to the construction profile 4.
  • the static force is retained or is immediately adjusted with each upward movement of the construction profile and regulated to the predetermined size.
  • the device can work as a vibrator, and the static force can also be maintained here.
  • the device can be used as a hammer or vibrator with constant jamming and thus guiding the construction profile in the pulling or pushing direction while maintaining a static force, depending on how the ground conditions require it.
  • the adjustable stops enable the system to be optimized, and the damping plates ensure a corresponding reduction in wear and noise.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for inserting and/or withdrawing a construction profile in the form of trench sheeting, sheet-piling elements or the like into or out of the ground, having an oscillatory system which is designed as a vibratory hammer and consists of an exciter which is mounted in a housing via spring elements and can be vibrationally connected by means of a clamping device to the construction profile to be moved. According to the invention: a) the clamping device (3) is mechanically connected to two impact surfaces (7, 8) which are at a distance apart, and the housing (2) is fastened so as to be displaceable relative to the impact surfaces (7, 8); b) the distance between the percussive surfaces of the exciter and the impact surfaces (7, 8) can be limited by adjustable stops (13, 14), and c) the exciter (1) can be restrained with the clamping device (3), and the housing (2) is designed in such a way that it can be acted upon by a variable static force in the respective direction of movement of the construction profile (4). The adjustable stops (13, 14) for limiting the spring travel of the springs which are active between the exciter (1) and its housing (2) each consist of a screw bolt which is provided with lock-nuts. Apart from the function as a vibrator known per se, the apparatus can be used as a hammer or vibrator, depending on how this is called for by the ground conditions, under constant clamping and thus guidance of the construction profile in the pulling or thrust direction while maintaining a statically acting force. The adjustable stops enable the system to be optimised, and the damping plates provide for a corresponding reduction in wear and noise. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen und/oder Herausziehen von Bauprofilen in Form von Kanaldielen, Spundwandelementen oder dergleichen, in das oder aus dem Erdreich, mit einem als Vibrohammer ausgebildeten schwingungsfähigen System, bestehend aus einem über Federelemente in einem Gehäuse gelagerten Erreger, welcher mittels einer Klemmvorrichtung mit dem zu bewegenden Bauprofil schwingungsmäßig verbindbar ist und die Klemmvorrichtung mit zwei voneinander beabstandeten Schlagflächen mechanisch verbunden, und das Gehäuse zu den Schlagflächen verschiebbar befestigt ist, wobei der Abstand der schlagübertragenden Flächen des Erregers zu den Schlagflächen durch verstellbare Anschläge begrenzbar ist (Siehe zum Beispiel die FR-A-1479724).The invention relates to a device for inserting and / or extracting building profiles in the form of duct boards, sheet piling elements or the like, into or out of the ground, with a vibratory system designed as a vibrating hammer, consisting of an exciter mounted in a housing via spring elements, which means a clamping device with the building profile to be moved can be connected in terms of vibration and the clamping device is mechanically connected to two spaced-apart striking surfaces, and the housing is slidably fastened to the striking surfaces, the distance between the striking surfaces of the exciter and the striking surfaces being limited by adjustable stops (see for Example FR-A-1479724).

Zum Eintreiben von Spundwänden, Kanaldielen oder allgemein Rammprofilen werden Vibratoren oder Rammen verwendet, welche auf einem Führungsgestell oder Mäkler verschiebbar angeordnet sind. Das einzutreibende Ramm- oder Bauprofil wird von einer Klemmvorrichtung erfaßt und unterhalb des Vibrators festgelegt. Eine solche Vorrichtung geht beispielsweise aus der DE-A-33 38 144 hervor.Vibrators or rams are used to drive in sheet piling, channel boards or generally ram profiles, which are slidably arranged on a guide frame or leader. The ramming or building profile to be driven is detected by a clamping device and fixed below the vibrator. Such a device can be seen, for example, from DE-A-33 38 144.

Es sind auch Klemmvorrichtungen bekannt, welche eine durchgängige Profileinführung aufweisen, so daß das Bauprofil mit Hilfe einer Hebevorrichtung in die Profileinführung gehoben und durchgefahren wird, bis es zum Erdreich die erforderliche Höhe erhält, um eingetrieben werden zu können. Während des Arbeitsvorganges rückt die Klemmvorrichtung beim Einführen des Bauprofils in das Erdreich sukzessive bis zum oberen Ende des Bauprofils vor.Clamping devices are also known which have a continuous profile insertion, so that the building profile is lifted into the profile insertion with the aid of a lifting device and passed through until it reaches the required height to the ground in order to be driven. During the work process, the clamping device progressively advances to the upper end of the construction profile when the construction profile is introduced into the ground.

Es sind ferner Vibrationssysteme bekannt, welche auch als Schlaghammer eingesetzt werden können, in dem die Spannvorrichtung geöffnet wird und auf das obere Ende des Bauprofils schlägt. Auf diese Weise lassen sich die Stahlprofile zwar schlagend in das Erdreich einbringen, jedoch nicht aus dem Erdreich austreiben. Aber gerade hierzu werden oftmals größere Kräfte benötigt, weil die Haftung zwischen Bauprofil und Erdreich im Laufe der Zeit, in der sich ein Bauprofil im Erdreich befindet, durch Korrosion, Rostentwicklung, Verdichtung des Bodens und dergleichen zunimmt.Vibration systems are also known which can also be used as a hammer, in which the tensioning device is opened and strikes the upper end of the construction profile. In this way, the steel profiles can be introduced into the ground, but not driven out of the ground. But this is precisely why often greater forces are required because the adhesion between the building profile and the soil increases over the course of time in which a building profile is in the ground due to corrosion, rust, soil compaction and the like.

Um den größeren Energieaufwand beim Herausziehen des Bauprofils, insbesondere zur Überwindung der großen Haftreibung, aufbringen zu können, bedingen die bekannten Systeme zusätzliche Hilfsmittel, wie z.B. schwere reine Schlagsysteme, große Freireiter, spezielle Hubvorrichtungen und dergleichen. Neben den zusätzlichen Kosten für die Geräte, dem zusätzlichen An- und Abtransport und die Arbeitszeit, ergeben sich noch weitere Nachteile. So ist der Einsatz derartiger Geräte aufgrund der örtlichen Gegebenheiten, insbesondere bei Bauten in der Stadt, oftmals nicht oder nur sehr schwer möglich. Ferner ist der Einsatz solcher Geräte mit einer großen und störenden Lärmentwicklung verbunden.In order to be able to apply the greater energy expenditure when pulling out the building profile, in particular to overcome the high static friction, the known systems require additional aids, such as heavy pure impact systems, large freeriders, special lifting devices and the like. In addition to the additional costs for the devices, the additional transport to and from the site, and the working hours, there are other disadvantages. The use of such devices is often difficult or impossible due to the local conditions, especially in buildings in the city. Furthermore, the use of such devices is associated with a large and disruptive noise.

Wird ein Bauprofil in das Erdreich getrieben, so haftet seine Oberfläche an den angrenzenden Flächen des Erdreiches. Für die Überwindung dieser Haftreibung ist eine bestimmte Energie erforderlich. Geht die Haftreibung in eine gleitende Reibung über, weil auf den Körper ausreichende Kräfte ausgeübt werden, so ist der nunmehr aufzubringende weitere Energieaufwand erheblich geringer. Gelänge es daher auf den einzutreibenden Körper eine so große Kraft auszuüben, daß die Haftreibung nur einmal überwunden werden muß und sodann der Zustand der gleitenden Reibung aufrechterhalten wird, so wäre der erforderliche gesamte Energieaufwand äußerst gering.If a building profile is driven into the ground, its surface adheres to the adjacent surfaces of the ground. A certain amount of energy is required to overcome this static friction. If the static friction changes into sliding friction because sufficient forces are exerted on the body, the additional energy expenditure now to be applied is considerably less. If it were therefore possible to exert such a great force on the body to be driven in that the static friction only has to be overcome once and then the state of sliding friction is maintained, the total energy expenditure required would be extremely low.

Aus diesen Gründen arbeitet ein Schlaghammer mit einem größeren Wirkungsgrad als ein Vibrator, da die Wege des einzutreibenden Bauprofils pro Schlag größer sind als bei einem Vibrator und bei jedem Übergang von der Haftreibung in die gleitende Reibung eine relativ hohe Energie aufgebracht werden muß.For these reasons, a hammer works with greater efficiency than a vibrator, since the paths of the structural profile to be driven in per stroke are greater than with a vibrator and a relatively high amount of energy has to be applied with every transition from static friction to sliding friction.

Die Erfindung geht von dieser Erkenntnis aus.The invention is based on this finding.

Aus der Praxis ist es bekannt, bei Schwierigkeiten während der Einbringungsarbeiten zusätzlich zum Schlaghammer oder Vibrator die statische Kraft eines Löffelbaggers zu verwenden, in dem der Löffelbagger auf eine mit dem Bauprofil verbundene Plattform drückt.In practice it is known to use the static force of a backhoe in addition to the impact hammer or vibrator in the event of difficulties during the insertion work, in which the backhoe presses on a platform connected to the construction profile.

Dies sind jedoch nur behelfsmäßige Maßnahmen, um das oben beschriebene Prinzip zur Anwendung zu bringen. Diese setzen voraus, daß erstens ein Löffelbagger oder dergleichen vorhanden ist und daß für ein solches Gerät ein entsprechender Angriffspunkt für die Ausübung seiner Kraft auf das Bauprofil vorgesehen ist.However, these are only makeshift measures to apply the principle described above. These require that, firstly, a backhoe or the like is available and that such a device is provided with a corresponding point of attack for exerting its force on the construction profile.

Es ist auch bereits bekannt, bei einem Schwingungssystem wie beispielsweise einem Vibrator, den Schwingungsfedern eine Vorspannung in eine bestimmte Schwingungsrichtung zu geben, um zusätzlich eine Kraft in die gewünschte Richtung ausüben zu können. Bei einer zu großen Vorspannung wird jedoch das Schwingungssystem beeinflußt und sein Wirkungsgrad wird dadurch erheblich herabgesetzt.It is also known, in the case of a vibration system such as, for example, a vibrator, to prestress the vibration springs in a specific direction of vibration in order to be able to additionally exert a force in the desired direction. If the preload is too high, however, the vibration system is affected and its efficiency is considerably reduced.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs aufgeführten Art zusätzlich zur aufgeprägten Schwingungsenergie Mittel vorzusehen, mit denen unabhängig und ohne ungünstige Beeinflussung des Schwingungssystems oder der Schwingungssysteme eine veränderbare und dem Bedarf anpaßbare Kraft auf das einzuführende oder herauszuziehende Bauprofil kontinuierlich ausgeübt werden kann, so daß der Wirkungsgrad der Vorrichtung unter Einsparung von Energie erheblich gesteigert werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide in a device of the type mentioned in addition to the imprinted vibration energy means with which a variable and the independently and without unfavorable influence on the vibration system or the vibration systems If necessary, adaptable force can be continuously exerted on the construction profile to be inserted or extracted, so that the efficiency of the device can be increased considerably while saving energy.

Der Erfindung liegt weiter die Aufgabe zugrunde Mittel anzugeben, um mit Hilfe eines Vibrohammers Schlagkräfte in Zugrichtung eines Bauprofils zu erzeugen, so daß im Erdreich befindliche und fest haftende Bauprofile durch Schlagkräfte in Kombination mit statischen Kräften herausgezogen werden können.The invention is also based on the object of specifying means to generate impact forces in the pulling direction of a building profile with the aid of a vibrating hammer, so that building profiles located in the ground and firmly adhering can be extracted by impact forces in combination with static forces.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt nach der Erfindung dadurch, daß bei der eingangs aufgeführten Vorrichtung
   der Erreger mit der Klemmvorrichtung mit Hilfe einer Hydraulikvorrichtung verspannbar und das Gehäuse mit einer veränderbaren statischen Kraft durch einen Mäkler in jeweiliger Bewegungsrichtung des Bauprofils beaufschlagbar ausgebildet ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that in the device listed above
the exciter can be clamped to the clamping device with the aid of a hydraulic device and the housing can be designed to be subjected to a variable static force by a leader in the respective direction of movement of the construction profile.

Durch diese Maßnahme nach der Erfindung gelingt es sowohl eine veränderbare statische Kraft als auch eine durch das Schwingungssystem oder den Hammer erzeugte dynamische Kraft unabhängig voneinander dem einzuführenden oder herauszuziehenden Bauprofil aufzuprägen.This measure according to the invention succeeds in impressing both a changeable static force and a dynamic force generated by the vibration system or the hammer independently of one another on the construction profile to be inserted or extracted.

Der Federweg der Federn des Erregers läßt sich ferner für jeden Anwendungsfall günstig gestalten. Hierbei wird die Schwingungsfähigkeit der Federn zwar beeinflußt, aber durch die Möglichkeit der Einstellung des Federweges läßt sich eine bezogen auf die zusätzlich erzielten Kräfte maximale Lösung erreichen.The spring travel of the exciter's springs can also be designed cheaply for any application. Here, the vibration ability of the springs is influenced, but the possibility of adjusting the spring travel allows a maximum solution to be achieved in relation to the additional forces achieved.

Nach der Erfindung sind die Schlagflächen in vorteilhafter Weise als Schlagplatten ausgebildet, welche durch Gestänge voneinander beabstandet sind.According to the invention, the striking surfaces are advantageously designed as striking plates which are spaced apart from one another by rods.

Durch diese Maßnahme nach der Erfindung gelingt es die unterschiedlichen Kräfte, nämlich die dynamischen Kräfte vom Erreger und die statischen Kräfte von einem fluidischen, beispielsweise hydraulischen System unabhängig voneinander dem Bauprofil über die Klemmvorrichtung aufzuprägen.This measure according to the invention enables the different forces, namely the dynamic forces from the exciter and the static forces from a fluid, for example hydraulic, system to be impressed independently of one another on the structural profile via the clamping device.

In vorteilhafter Weise weist der Erreger an den den Schlagflächen oder Schlagplatten gegenüberliegenden Enden Schlag-Dämpfungselemente auf, so daß sowohl die von einem Vibrohammer erzeugten und übertragenden Schwingungen als auch die bei entsprechender Umschaltung bewirkten Schläge akustisch gedämpft werden, wobei die auftretenden Schwingungsverluste äußerst gering sind. Diese Schlag-Dämpfungselemente bestehen vorteilhaft jeweils aus einer Holzplatte oder aus Materialien mit ähnlichen Dämpfungseigenschaften.Advantageously, the exciter has impact-damping elements at the ends opposite the striking surfaces or striking plates, so that both the vibrations generated and transmitted by a vibrating hammer and the strikes caused by a corresponding switchover are acoustically damped, the vibration losses occurring being extremely low. These shock-absorbing elements advantageously each consist of a wooden plate or of materials with similar damping properties.

Die das Gehäuse beaufschlagenden statischen Kräfte werden in einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit Hilfe eines Mäklers bewirkt. Die hierzu benötigten Energien sind äußerst gering.In one embodiment of the invention, the static forces acting on the housing are brought about with the aid of a leader. The energies required for this are extremely low.

Die verstellbaren Anschläge zur Begrenzung des Federweges der Federn, welche zwischen den Schlag-Dämpfungselementen und dem Gehäuse oder der Tragkonstruktion wirksam sind, bestehen jeweils aus einem Schraubbolzen, welcher mit Sicherungsmuttern versehen ist. Der Anschlagabstand und damit der Federweg lassen sich somit in einfacher Weise verändern, und zwar sowohl für Kräfte in Einführungsrichtung als auch in Zugrichtung.The adjustable stops to limit the spring travel of the springs, which are effective between the shock-absorbing elements and the housing or the supporting structure, each consist of a screw bolt which is provided with locking nuts. The stop distance and thus the spring travel can thus be changed in a simple manner, both for forces in the direction of insertion and in the direction of pull.

Das Gehäuse ist mit Hilfe mindestens einer Gleitführung, welche Lagerbuchsen aufweist, mit dem Gestänge gleitbar verbunden. Hierdurch ist eine sichere Bewegung des schwingungsfähigen Systems gegeben, ohne daß es zu Verkantungen oder dergleichen kommen kann.The housing is slidably connected to the linkage with the aid of at least one sliding guide which has bearing bushes. This results in a safe movement of the oscillatory system without jamming or the like.

Die Amplituden des schwingungsfähigen Systems sind ferner verstellbar ausgebildet, so daß das System allen in der Praxis vorkommenden Anforderungen gerecht werden kann. Das Verhältnis der aufgeprägten statischen Kraft zum Verhältnis der aufgeprägten dynamischen Kraft läßt sich auf diese Weise verändern. Hierbei ist es auch möglich, nur eine statische Kraft wirken zu lassen, welche bei entsprechender Bodenbeschaffenheit ausreichend sein kann, um ein Bauprofil in das Erdreich eintreiben zu können. Entsprechendes gilt auch für den umgekehrten Vorgang des Herausziehens eines Bauprofils.The amplitudes of the oscillatory system are also adjustable so that the system can meet all requirements that occur in practice. The ratio of the applied static force to the ratio of the applied dynamic force can be changed in this way. Here, it is also possible to have only a static force act, which can be sufficient if the soil is suitable to drive a building profile into the ground. The same applies to the reverse process of pulling out a building profile.

Die auf das Gehäuse oder die Tragkonstruktion wirkenden statischen Kräfte können nach der Erfindung nach Einleitung eines Bewegungsvorganges des Bauprofils innerhalb einer festlegbaren Schwankungsbreite konstant gehalten werden, so daß der oben geschilderte Vorgang erreicht werden kann.The static forces acting on the housing or the supporting structure can, according to the invention, be kept constant within a definable fluctuation range after initiation of a movement process of the construction profile, so that the process described above can be achieved.

Auf diese Weise kann ein einzufahrendes Bauprofil in dem Bereich der gleitenden Reibung gehalten werden, wodurch die geringste Energiemenge benötigt wird.In this way, a construction profile to be retracted can be held in the region of the sliding friction, as a result of which the smallest amount of energy is required.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:

  • FIGUR 1 eine Vorderansicht der Schlagvorrichtung und
  • FIGUR 2 eine Seitenansicht nach Figur 1.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Here show:
  • FIGURE 1 is a front view of the impact device and
  • FIGURE 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

In beiden Figuren sind gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.In both figures, the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

Der Erreger 1 befindet sich in einem Gehäuse 2, in dem er durch nicht näher dargestellte Federelemente derart federnd gelagert ist, daß er in Vertikalrichtung Schwingungen ausführen kann. Das Gehäuse 2 weist eine Säulen- oder Gleitführung 12 auf, die entlang mehrerer Führungssäulen verschieblich gelagert ist. Zweckmäßigerweise sind vier derartige Führungssäulen 11 vorgesehen. Die Führungssäulen 11 sind an ihre Enden mit Schlagplatten 7 und 8 verschraubt. Oberhalb der oberen Schlagplatte 7 befindet sich eine hydraulische Vorrichtung mit einem aus- und einfahrbaren Hydraulikzylinder 15.The exciter 1 is located in a housing 2, in which it is resiliently supported by spring elements, not shown, such that it can carry out vibrations in the vertical direction. The housing 2 has a column or sliding guide 12 which is slidably mounted along a plurality of guide columns. Four such guide columns 11 are expediently provided. The guide columns 11 are screwed at their ends with striking plates 7 and 8. A hydraulic device with an extendable and retractable hydraulic cylinder 15 is located above the upper impact plate 7.

Die untere Schlagplatte 8 ist mit der als Spannzange ausgebildeten Spannvorrichtung 3 integriert, beispielsweise verschweißt. In der Spannvorrichtung 3 ist ein Bauprofil 4 in verspanntem Zustand dargestellt.The lower striking plate 8 is integrated, for example welded, with the clamping device 3 designed as a collet. In the clamping device 3, a construction profile 4 is shown in the clamped state.

Der Erreger 1 weist eine obere und eine untere Dämpfungsplatte 9 bzw. 10 aus Holz auf.The exciter 1 has an upper and a lower damping plate 9 or 10 made of wood.

Mit dem Gehäuse 2 sind einstellbare Anschläge 13 und 14 verbunden. Der untere Anschlag 13 legt die Schwingungsamplitude der unteren Dämpfungsplatte fest und der obere Anschlag 14 die Amplitude der oberen Dämpfungsplatte 9.Adjustable stops 13 and 14 are connected to the housing 2. The lower stop 13 defines the oscillation amplitude of the lower damping plate and the upper stop 14 the amplitude of the upper damping plate 9.

Mit dem Bezugszeichen 16 ist eine Mäklerführung angedeutet und 5 bezeichnet die Zugrichtung nach oben und 6 entsprechend nach unten.Reference number 16 indicates a leader guide and 5 denotes the pulling direction upwards and 6 correspondingly downwards.

Die Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung gestaltet sich wie folgt.The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows.

Soll ein Stahlprofil 4 durch Vibrieren und Schlagen in die Erde getrieben werden, wird es von der Spannvorrichtung 3 erfaßt und mittels einer nicht näher dargestellten hydraulischen Einrichtung verklemmt. In Zugrichtung 6 wird eine statische Kraft auf das Gehäuse 2 ausgeübt, wodurch der einstellbare Anschlag 13 bis zur Schlagplatte 8 geführt wird. Die weiter anliegende statische Kraft wird über die Schlagplatte 8 und Klemmvorrichtung 3 auf das Stahlprofil übertragen und treibt dieses in das Erdreich. Wird nun der Hydraulikzylinder 15 ausgefahren, so wird durch seine Kolbenstange der Erreger 1 zwischen der oberen und unteren Schlagplatte 7 und 8 verspannt, so daß beim Einschalten des Erregers 1 seine Schwingungsenergie über die untere Schlagplatte 8 und Klemmvorrichtung 3 dem unter statischem Druck stehenden Bau- oder Stahlprofil 4 übertragen wird, so daß eine Überlagerung der Kräfte stattfindet. Durch die Verspannung des Erregers 1 zwischen der oberen und unteren Schlagplatte 7 und 8 wird somit der Zustand "Vibrieren" wie bei einem normalen Virbrohammer erreicht. Der Antrieb des aus mehreren Unwuchten bestehenden Erregers erfolgt mittels eines nicht näher dargestellten Hydromotors, eines Elektromotors oder dergleichen.If a steel profile 4 is to be driven into the earth by vibration and impact, it is gripped by the tensioning device 3 and clamped by means of a hydraulic device (not shown in more detail). A static force is exerted on the housing 2 in the pulling direction 6, as a result of which the adjustable stop 13 is guided up to the striking plate 8. The static force applied is transmitted to the steel profile via the striking plate 8 and clamping device 3 and drives it into the ground. If the hydraulic cylinder 15 is now extended, the exciter 1 is clamped between the upper and lower striking plates 7 and 8 by its piston rod, so that when the exciter 1 is switched on, its vibrational energy via the lower striking plate 8 and the clamping device 3 is applied to the structure under static pressure. or steel profile 4 is transmitted so that the forces are superimposed. By bracing the exciter 1 between the upper and lower striking plates 7 and 8, the "vibrating" state is thus achieved as in a normal Virbrohammer. The exciter consisting of several unbalances is driven by means of a hydraulic motor, not shown, an electric motor or the like.

Wird nunmehr der Hydraulikzylinder 15 eingefahren, so wird damit seine Verspannung zwischen den Schlagplatten 7 und 8 aufgehoben und der Erreger kann als Hammer arbeiten. Auch hierbei bleibt die statisch wirkende Kraft erhalten und das Gehäuse wird dem Bauprofil unmittelbar nachgeführt, so daß die statische Kraft praktisch ständig anliegt.If the hydraulic cylinder 15 is now retracted, its tension between the striking plates 7 and 8 is thus released and the exciter can work as a hammer. Here too, the static force is retained and the housing is immediately tracked to the construction profile, so that the static force is practically constantly present.

Die Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung läßt sich in allen beschriebenen Funktionen, nämlich Vibrieren, Schlagen und Einwirken einer statischen Kraft, auch einsetzen, um auf ein Bauprofil eine entsprechende Zugkraft auszuüben.The device according to the invention can also be used in all the functions described, namely vibrating, hitting and the action of a static force, in order to exert a corresponding tensile force on a construction profile.

Hierzu wird in Zugrichtung 5 eine statische Kraft ausgeübt, welche über das Gehäuse 2 wirkt und seinen Anschlag 14 gegen die Schlagplatte 7 drückt. Diese Kräfte werden über die Führungssäulen 11 und Klemmvorrichtung 3 auf das Bauprofil 4 übertragen. Wird in diesem Zustand der Erreger eingeschaltet, so kann dieser nach unten frei schwingen und schlägt bei seiner Aufwärtsbewegung mit seiner oberen Dämpfungsplatte 9 gegen die obere Schlagplatte 7 und wirkt somit als Hammer, dessen Schlag auf das Bauprofil 4 übertragen wird. Die statisch wirkende Kraft bleibt dabei erhalten bzw. wird mit jeder Aufwärtsbewegung des Bauprofils unmittelbar nachgestellt und auf die vorbestimmte Größe geregelt.For this purpose, a static force is exerted in the pulling direction 5, which acts via the housing 2 and presses its stop 14 against the striking plate 7. These forces are transmitted to the construction profile 4 via the guide columns 11 and the clamping device 3. If the exciter is switched on in this state, it can swing freely downwards and strikes with its upper damping plate 9 against the upper striking plate 7 during its upward movement and thus acts as a hammer, the stroke of which is transmitted to the construction profile 4. The static force is retained or is immediately adjusted with each upward movement of the construction profile and regulated to the predetermined size.

Wird der Erreger, wie oben bereits beschrieben, durch Herausfahren der Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders 15 vertikal verklemmt, so kann die Vorrichtung als Vibrator arbeiten, wobei auch hierbei die statische Kraft aufrechterhalten werden kann.If, as already described above, the exciter is jammed vertically by moving out the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 15, the device can work as a vibrator, and the static force can also be maintained here.

Neben der ansich bekannten Funktion als Vibrator kann die Vorrichtung unter ständiger Verklemmung und damit Führung des Bauprofils in Zug- oder Druckrichtung unter Aufrechterhaltung einer statisch wirkenden Kraft als Hammer oder Vibrator eingesetzt werden, je nach dem wie die Bodenverhältnisse dies verlangen.In addition to the function known per se as a vibrator, the device can be used as a hammer or vibrator with constant jamming and thus guiding the construction profile in the pulling or pushing direction while maintaining a static force, depending on how the ground conditions require it.

Die verstellbaren Anschläge ermöglichen die Optimierung des Systems und die Dämpfungsplatten sorgen für eine entsprechende Verschleiß- und Geräuschminderung.The adjustable stops enable the system to be optimized, and the damping plates ensure a corresponding reduction in wear and noise.

Claims (7)

  1. Apparatus for the placing and/or extraction of building sections (4) in the form of stanchions or piles in or out of the ground, with a vibro-hammer oscillating system, comprising an oscillator mounted above springs and housed in a casing (2), which can be connected by means of a clamping device (3) oscillatorily to the section to be moved (4), the clamp (3) being mechanically connected to two spaced apart impact plates (7, 8) and the casing (2) being movably mounted relative to the impact plates (7, 8) whereby the distance of the impact surfaces of the oscillator from the impact plates (7, 8) can be regulated by means of adjustable stops (13, 14), characterised in that the oscillator (1) can be biassed relative to the clamp (3) by means of a hydraulic device (15) and the casing (2) with a variable static force that can be applied by means of a linking guide can be driven in the relevant direction of movement (5 or 6) of the building section (4).
  2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the impact surfaces (7, 8) are in the form of impact plates, which are positioned apart by means of rods (11).
  3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterised in that the opposite ends of the oscillator (1) are fitted with shock absorber elements (9, 10).
  4. Device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the adjustable stops (13, 14) controlling the compression of the springs that operate between the oscillator (1) and its casing (2) comprise a screw bolt fitted with safety nuts.
  5. Apparatus according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the shock absorbers (9, 10) comprise wooden plates.
  6. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casing (2) is slidably mounted on a rod (11) by means of at least one slide guide (12) in a tubular housing.
  7. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the static forces exerted on the clamp via the casing following a stroke of the oscillator on the building section (4) are constant within a specified range of oscillation.
EP87103629A 1986-03-15 1987-03-13 Apparatus for inserting and/or withdrawing a construction profile Expired - Lifetime EP0237971B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87103629T ATE68028T1 (en) 1986-03-15 1987-03-13 DEVICE FOR INSTALLING AND/OR WITHDRAWING A CONSTRUCTION PROFILE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863608732 DE3608732A1 (en) 1986-03-15 1986-03-15 DEVICE FOR INSERTING AND / OR EXTRACTING A CONSTRUCTION PROFILE
DE3608732 1986-03-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237971A2 EP0237971A2 (en) 1987-09-23
EP0237971A3 EP0237971A3 (en) 1989-01-11
EP0237971B1 true EP0237971B1 (en) 1991-10-02

Family

ID=6296465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87103629A Expired - Lifetime EP0237971B1 (en) 1986-03-15 1987-03-13 Apparatus for inserting and/or withdrawing a construction profile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0237971B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE68028T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3608732A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2026472T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3003466T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10030859A1 (en) * 2000-06-23 2002-01-03 Thyssenkrupp Ag Vibrator with a linear drive unit to act on the pile
DE102017009607A1 (en) 2017-10-17 2019-04-18 Daimler Ag Gas engine supply and ignition device and method of operating a gas engine supply and ignition device

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1169664A (en) * 1957-02-23 1959-01-05 Improvements in driving and lifting of piles, sheet piles, casings and the like
FR1286654A (en) * 1960-12-09 1962-03-09 Ile Procedes D B Soc Civ Improvements to devices for driving or pulling piles, sheet piles, casings and the like
FR1455549A (en) * 1965-11-17 1966-04-01 Zaklady Sprzetu Budowlanego Nr Device for driving or extracting elements such as piles, sheet piles or others
DE2523732C3 (en) * 1975-05-28 1980-06-04 Leningradskoe Otdelenie Vsesojuznogo Proektno-Isyskatelskogo I Nautschno-Issledovatelskogo Instituta Gidroproekt Imeni S.J. Schuka, Leningrad (Sowjetunion) System for sinking into the ground and pulling out of the ground support or auxiliary elements that are used in the creation of pile foundations
DE2732934C2 (en) * 1977-07-21 1985-09-12 Bomag-Menck GmbH, 5407 Boppard Method and device for ramming and pulling
DE3026861A1 (en) * 1980-07-16 1982-02-04 Paul 5940 Lennestadt Schmidt Pneumatic or hydraulic pile driver and extractor appliance - has coaxial holes in hammer plunger and striker head
DE3112396A1 (en) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-07 Paul 5940 Lennestadt Schmidt DEVICE FOR RAMMING AND DRAWING PLUGS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE68028T1 (en) 1991-10-15
EP0237971A3 (en) 1989-01-11
ES2026472T3 (en) 1992-05-01
GR3003466T3 (en) 1993-02-17
DE3773414D1 (en) 1991-11-07
DE3608732A1 (en) 1987-09-24
EP0237971A2 (en) 1987-09-23

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