EP3707424B1 - Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante - Google Patents

Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3707424B1
EP3707424B1 EP18804368.1A EP18804368A EP3707424B1 EP 3707424 B1 EP3707424 B1 EP 3707424B1 EP 18804368 A EP18804368 A EP 18804368A EP 3707424 B1 EP3707424 B1 EP 3707424B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
tank
flat
support surface
dihedral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18804368.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3707424A1 (fr
Inventor
Antoine PHILIPPE
Marc BOYEAU
Sébastien DELANOE
Mickaël HERRY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
Original Assignee
Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3707424A1 publication Critical patent/EP3707424A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, with membranes, for the storage and/or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
  • Sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at around -162°C.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • These tanks can be installed on land or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • the secondary insulation barrier consists essentially of secondary insulating blocks juxtaposed on the polyhedral internal surface of the support structure
  • the secondary sealing barrier consists of a corrugated metal membrane arranged on an internal surface secondary insulating blocks
  • the primary insulating barrier essentially consists of primary insulating blocks juxtaposed on the secondary metal membrane and anchored to the secondary insulating barrier by anchoring members carried by the secondary insulating blocks
  • the barrier of The primary seal consists of a corrugated metal membrane arranged on an internal surface of the primary insulating blocks.
  • the primary and secondary insulating blocks are made of prefabricated corner structures.
  • FIG 1 partially illustrates an insulation barrier essentially consisting of insulating blocks juxtaposed on a polyhedral support surface 1 having two flat regions 2 and 3 forming an angle between them and meeting at an edge 4.
  • the insulating blocks comprise a structure of angle 5 arranged along the edge which has two sides respectively parallel to each of the two flat regions 2 and 3 and flat insulating panels 6 arranged on the flat regions of the support surface on either side of the structure corner 5.
  • an insulation barrier with insulating blocks that are as standardized as possible in order to reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the construction of a large load-bearing structure such as the hull of a ship is subject to high dimensional tolerances, for example several centimeters, which prevent the dimensions of a vessel from being fully planned before its construction. It follows that it may be necessary to construct at least some of the insulating blocks to measure according to the actual dimensions of the load-bearing structure.
  • One idea at the basis of the invention is to propose a sealed and thermally insulating tank with a multilayer structure which makes it easier to take into account at least some of the aforementioned constraints.
  • Another idea underlying the invention is to provide a waterproof and insulating multilayer structure which is easy to produce over large surfaces.
  • the anchoring member can thus be used to retain an element of the insulation barrier on the support surface, for example a flat insulating panel adjacent to the row of corner structures or a dihedral insulating block of the row of corner structures.
  • such a tank may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.
  • said at least one of the two successive corner structures has a cutout formed in the projecting portion of the metal bracket in line with said anchoring member disposed between the dihedral insulating blocks, to provide access to said connecting member. 'anchoring.
  • the anchoring member placed between the two dihedral insulating blocks remains accessible after the row of corner structures has been put in place, despite the presence of a protruding portion of one or both metal angles which at least partially covers the spacing between the two dihedral insulating blocks.
  • This access makes it easy to act on the anchoring member from the inner surface of the angle iron, for example by means of a screwing tool
  • a metal angle can have the projecting portion at a single end or two projecting portions at its two opposite ends in the direction of the edge zone.
  • the cutout formed in line with the anchoring member may extend in the projecting portion of a single metal angle iron or in the two projecting portions facing each other of the two successive metal angle irons.
  • said spacing is partially covered by two protruding portions facing each other belonging respectively to the metal angles of the two successive corner structures, each of the two protruding portions facing each other comprising a cutout formed in line with said anchoring member. Thanks to these characteristics, an access of satisfactory size can be achieved while using a cutout having a relatively small section in each of the two projecting portions, which limits the influence of these cutouts on the mechanical strength of the metal angles.
  • the metal angle iron of a corner structure has two projecting portions which project relative to the dihedral insulating block at two opposite ends of the metal angle iron in the direction of the edge zone. Thanks to these characteristics, corner structures can be built identically, which reduces manufacturing costs.
  • said or each cutout is formed in an end edge of said protruding portion oriented transversely to the edge zone. Thanks to these characteristics, the manufacture of blanks is facilitated.
  • said metal bracket connects the two sides of the dihedral insulating block to one another.
  • the anchoring member disposed between the dihedral insulating blocks of the two successive corner structures cooperates with the dihedral insulating blocks of the two corner structures to retain said dihedral insulating blocks on the support surface.
  • the anchoring member arranged between the dihedral insulating blocks of the two successive corner structures cooperates with a flat insulating panel adjacent to the row of corner structures to retain said flat insulating panel on the surface of support.
  • this arrangement also has the advantage of making it possible to position these anchoring members relatively close to the edge area, especially on secondary corner structures.
  • the secondary flat insulating panels adjacent to the secondary corner structures do not need to carry these anchoring members for the primary flat insulating panels, the custom dimensioning of these secondary flat insulating panels can be facilitated.
  • the planar insulating panel adjacent to the row of corner structures comprises a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between a rigid bottom plate and a rigid cover plate, the rigid cover plate and the of insulating polymer foam having a recess made in the thickness of the insulating panel to uncover a support zone on the internal surface of the rigid base plate, said recess opening onto an edge of the flat insulating panel parallel to the edge zone and facing the row of corner structures, the anchoring member, in particular the second portion of the support bar, being in engagement with said support zone of the bottom plate.
  • the recess formed in the thickness of the insulating panel is a groove oriented perpendicular to said edge of the flat insulating panel.
  • Such grooves can be provided at different locations, for example at the ends of the edge of the flat insulating panel facing the row of corner structures and/or in a central portion of this edge of the flat insulating panel.
  • the flat insulating panel has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the recess being formed in a corner of the flat insulating panel.
  • the support surface carries a plurality of anchoring members distributed along the edge zone and each arranged between two dihedral insulating blocks of successive corner structures and each cooperating with a respective zone of the planar insulation panel adjacent to the row of corner structures to retain said planar insulation panel on the support surface.
  • the support surface comprises a third planar region transverse to the edge zone at one end of the edge zone
  • a last corner structure of the row of corner structures comprises, in addition said dihedral insulating block, a third face parallel to the third planar region and forming angles with said two faces of the dihedral insulating block, and the metal angle of said last corner structure extends over the flat inner surface of said third panel to form said sealing barrier at right angles to the end of the edge zone of the support surface, said metal angle linking said third face to the dihedral insulating block, said protruding portion of the metal angle protruding opposite the third face in the direction of a penultimate corner structure of the row of corner structures.
  • said dihedral insulating block of the penultimate corner structure of the row of corner structures has a greater dimension in the direction of the edge zone than corner structures located along a central portion of the edge zone, the metal angle iron of the said penultimate angle structure being composed of two segments of angle iron juxtaposed along the direction of the edge zone and fixed to the flat interior surfaces of the dihedral insulating block.
  • a first segment of angle iron of said penultimate angle structure has orifices for the passage of anchoring members serving to fix said dihedral insulating block on the support surface and a second segment of angle iron of said penultimate corner structure located on the side of the end of the edge zone has a continuous surface.
  • the penultimate corner structure can quite easily be adjusted to the dimension of the support structure in the direction of the edge zone, to take account of the manufacturing tolerances of this support structure.
  • a block of insulating material is placed in the spacing between the dihedral insulating blocks, between the projecting portion of the metal angle iron and the support surface.
  • the block of insulating material has a passage between said cutout formed in the projecting portion of the metal bracket and said anchoring member arranged between the dihedral insulating blocks. Thanks to such a passage, access to the anchoring member remains possible after the installation of the block of insulating material, which facilitates the assembly of the vessel wall.
  • the sealing barrier comprises a closure piece arranged astride the metal angles of the two successive corner structures so as to connect the metal angles of the two corner structures in a sealed manner, said closure piece covering a gap located between the metal angles and the cutout of said or each protruding portion which covers the spacing between the dihedral insulating blocks.
  • the sealing barrier in line with one or each planar region of the support surface comprises a metal membrane bearing undulations parallel to the edge zone and undulations perpendicular to the edge zone and flat areas located between said undulations, an edge of the metal membrane parallel to the edge area being welded to the metal angles of the successive corner structures, said undulations perpendicular to the edge area being aligned with interstices located between the metal angles of the successive angle structures.
  • the closure part comprises a corrugation perpendicular to the edge zone aligned with a corrugation of the metal membrane and two flat portions located on either side of the corrugation and welded respectively to the metal angles of the two corner structures.
  • the above features may be employed in the construction of an isolation barrier constructed directly over a supporting structure providing the supporting surface, or in the construction of a primary isolation barrier constructed over a pre-existing secondary barrier providing said supporting surface. support.
  • said insulation barrier is a primary insulation barrier and said sealing barrier is a primary sealing barrier, the vessel further comprising a secondary insulation barrier having a substantially polyhedral internal surface covered of a secondary sealing barrier and forming said support surface.
  • Such a tank can be part of an onshore storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG carrier, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • LNG carrier for example to store LNG
  • FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • a vessel for the transport of a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank placed in the double hull.
  • the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a ship, in which a fluid is routed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank of the ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or terrestrial storage installation and a pump for driving fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or onshore storage facility to or from the vessel's tank.
  • Each wall of the tank comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier comprising secondary insulating elements juxtaposed and anchored to a supporting structure by secondary anchoring members, a secondary sealing membrane carried by the secondary insulating elements, a primary thermally insulating barrier comprising primary insulating elements juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary insulating elements by primary anchoring members 19 and a primary sealing membrane carried by the primary insulating elements and intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank.
  • the load-bearing structure can in particular be formed of self-supporting metal sheets or, more generally, of any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties.
  • the load-bearing structure can in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
  • the support structure comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
  • the flat areas of the tank can be made in different ways, for example according to the teaching of WO-A-2016046487 or of WO-A-2017006044 .
  • a corner zone of the tank along an edge of the supporting structure will be described below more particularly.
  • the angle formed between the first bearing wall 11 and the second bearing wall 12 is approximately 90° in the embodiment shown.
  • the angle can however have any other value, for example of the order of 135°.
  • the secondary thermally insulating barrier comprises a row of secondary angle structures 13 arranged along the edge 10, a single secondary angle structure 13 being represented on the figure 2 And 3 .
  • the secondary corner structure 13 and the secondary sealing membrane 15 arranged on its internal surface 14 can be produced in different ways, for example according to the teaching of WO-A-2017006044 .
  • the secondary corner structure 13 here comprises a sandwich structure consisting of a layer of insulating polymer foam 16 sandwiched between two rigid plates 17, 18, for example made of plywood.
  • the inner plate 18 has a network of perpendicular grooves 19 intended to receive the corrugations 24 of the secondary sealing membrane 15.
  • the corrugations 24 protrude outwards from the tank in the direction of the supporting structure and are each received in a groove 19.
  • the orientation of the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane is towards the inside of the tank.
  • the inner plate 18 is also equipped with a plurality of metal plates 20, for example made of stainless steel or an alloy with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, in particular invar ® , intended for anchoring the edges of the membrane of secondary sealing.
  • the metal plates 20 are fixed in recesses made in the inner plate 18 and fixed thereto, by screws, rivets or staples for example.
  • the metal plates 20 are fixed directly to the layer of insulating polymer foam 16, for example by gluing.
  • the internal plate 18 is also equipped with anchoring plates 21 intended to ensure the fixing of primary angle structures 30 against the secondary angle structure 13.
  • the anchoring plates 21 are for example glued on the internal plate 18 and / or fixed thereto, by screws, rivets or staples for example.
  • the secondary sealing membrane 15 has a plurality of orifices through each of which passes an anchoring member making it possible to anchor the primary corner structures 30.
  • a cap nut 22 passes through each of the orifices and is present on its outer periphery a thread cooperating with a threaded bore 23 formed in one of the anchoring plates 21.
  • the blind nut 22 has a threaded blind bore intended to receive a fixing stud for the primary angle structures 30
  • the blind nut 22 further comprises a collar making it possible to sandwich the secondary sealing membrane 15 between said collar and the anchoring plate 21. The periphery of this collar is welded to the secondary sealing membrane 15 in order to to ensure sealing.
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises along the edge 10 of the vessel a plurality of primary corner structures 30.
  • the primary corner structure 30 is a preassembled assembly comprising a dihedral insulating block 31 and an angle iron 32.
  • the block dihedral insulator 31 has an inner face on which the angle iron 32 rests and an outer face resting against the secondary sealing membrane 15.
  • the dihedral insulating block 31 has a composite structure in its thickness, comprising a layer of insulating polymer foam 33 taken into sandwich between two plywood plates 34, 35 glued to said layer of polymer foam 33.
  • the angles 32 are metal angles, for example, made of stainless steel.
  • the angle 32 has two wings resting against the inner face of the dihedral insulating block 31.
  • Each wing of an angle 32 has studs, not shown, which are welded to the outer face of said wing and project towards the inside of the tank to fix the angle iron 32 to the dihedral insulating block 31, before mounting the primary angle structure 30 in the tank.
  • Each wing of the bracket 32 also has a stud 36 on its internal face, projecting towards the inside of the tank.
  • the dowels 36 make it possible to anchor welding equipment during the welding of the elements of the primary waterproofing membrane to the angles 32.
  • the angle iron 32 is provided with orifices 37, for example eight in number per angle iron 32, making it possible to mount nuts on studs (not shown) carried by the plates 21, in order to ensure the fixing of the structure of primary angle 30 to secondary angle structure 13.
  • the primary angle structures 30 are arranged on the secondary angle structures 13 in the form of a row along the edge 10.
  • two successive primary angle structures 30 have a space 38 between the two dihedral insulating blocks 31.
  • joint insulating elements 39 are inserted into the space 38 between the two dihedral insulating blocks 31, so as to ensure continuity of the thermal insulation.
  • the secondary corner structure 13 can carry an anchoring member intended to cooperate with a primary insulating element. This case will be described more precisely with reference to the figures 3 to 5 .
  • the anchoring member as a whole is cut in its median plane of symmetry on the figure 4 , so that the half-view is enough to understand its structure.
  • the anchoring member comprises a plate 40 fixed on the internal surface of the secondary angle structure 13 between two plates 21.
  • the plate 40 can be fixed on the secondary angle structure 13 of different ways like the plates 21. It has a tapped hole 41 intended to receive a cap nut 42 shown in half view on the figure 4 .
  • the plate 40 can be present in line with each space 38 or in line with some, for example one in three, of the spaces 38.
  • the blind nut 42 passes through an orifice of the secondary sealing membrane, not shown, and has on its outer periphery a thread 43 cooperating with the tapped hole 41 formed in the plate 40. Furthermore, the blind nut 42 has a blind bore threaded 44 receiving a stud 45.
  • the cap nut 42 further comprises a collar 46 allowing the secondary sealing membrane to be sandwiched between said collar and the plate 40. The periphery of this collar is welded to the sealing membrane secondary 15 to ensure sealing.
  • the pin 45 protrudes inwardly into the space 38 between the two dihedral insulating blocks 31 and serves to fix a support bar 50 oriented perpendicular to the edge 10.
  • the support bar 50 here has a section U-shaped whose base is turned towards the supporting structure. In the mounted state as shown, a first portion of the support bar 50 extends into the space 38 between the two dihedral insulating blocks 31 and has a slot 58 through which the stud 45 passes.
  • a nut 47 screwed onto the pin 45 makes it possible to tighten the support bar 50 towards the internal surface of the secondary corner structure 13.
  • a second portion 51 of the support bar 50 protrudes beyond the row of primary corner structures 30 to bear on a flat primary insulating panel 29 adjacent to the row of primary corner structures 30.
  • the length of the slot 58 allows adjustment of the length of the second portion 51 projecting beyond the row of primary corner structures 30.
  • the slot 58 whose two ends 58a and 58b are indicated on the sectional view of the figure 4 , is long enough to allow the support bar 50 to be completely retracted into the space 38 between the two dihedral insulating blocks 31.
  • the support bar can be slid 50 between this retracted position (shown on the figure 6 ), which facilitates the installation of the flat primary insulating panel 29 by completely freeing its location indicated in dashed line at the number 99, and the deployed position illustrated on the figure 4 .
  • the deployment movement of the support bar 50 is schematized by the arrow 98 on the figure 6 .
  • the length of the planar primary insulation panel 29 is nine times the width of the primary corner structure 30, so that four mutually spaced grab bars at an interval of three times the width of the primary corner structure 30 engages the flat primary insulating panel 29 along its edge facing the edge, namely two support bars 50 at the two ends of this edge, that is to say at two corners of the flat primary insulating panel 29, and two support bars in a central zone of the edge of the flat primary insulating panel 29. This central zone is represented on the picture 3 .
  • the flat primary insulating panel 29 has the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a longitudinal edge 26 parallel to the edge 10.
  • the flat primary insulating panel 29 has for example a composite structure consisting of a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between a rigid bottom plate, of which an uncovered area 28 is visible, and a rigid cover plate 25.
  • the rigid cover plate 25 and the layer of insulating polymer foam are hollowed out with a groove 27 extending perpendicular to the edge 10 to the right of the plate 20 and leading to the longitudinal edge 26 to discover the uncovered zone 28 of the rigid bottom plate.
  • the second portion 51 of the support bar 50 is engaged in the groove 27 and rests on the uncovered zone 28 of the rigid bottom plate, possibly by means of a shim. 48.
  • Another shim 49 can be inserted between the other end of the support bar 50 and the secondary membrane (not shown).
  • the shims 48 and 49 are sized to ensure parallelism between the support bar 50 and the bottom plate of the flat primary insulating panel 29. They are made of a sufficiently soft material to avoid the risk of punching, marking or damage the secondary sealing membrane 15. For example, they can be made of plywood, plastic or epoxy resin.
  • the support bar 50 mounted in this way has several advantages: the second portion 51 is a length cantilevered substantially parallel to the flat wall of the tank which rests on the flat primary insulating panel 29, preferably distance from the edge of this panel. It therefore makes it possible to retain the flat primary insulating panel 29 on the secondary membrane without requiring any development complex on the flat primary insulating panel 29: it suffices to clear a flat portion of the bottom plate.
  • the length of the second portion 51 is easily adjustable by sliding the stud 45 in the length of the slot 58.
  • This arrangement therefore adapts easily to flat primary insulating panels having different dimensions or grooves 27 having different lengths.
  • the length of the groove 27 can in particular be shortened following a cutting of the edge 26 to reduce the width of the insulating panel 29.
  • each angle iron 32 has two projecting flanges 53 which project relative to the dihedral insulating block 31 at two opposite ends of the angle iron 32 in the direction of the edge 10.
  • the space 38 between the two dihedral insulating blocks 31 is partially covered by the two projecting rims 53 on either side thereof.
  • each of the two projecting edges 53 on either side of the anchoring member is provided with a cutout 54 which is located plumb with the pin 45 and which is formed in the end edge 55 oriented transversely to the edge 10.
  • all the projecting edges 53 of all the angles 32 can have this cutout 54 to standardize the manufacture.
  • the cutouts 54 are used to provide sufficient space between the two projecting edges 53 for the passage of a tightening tool 60, for example a socket wrench having a cylindrical head 61 or a screwdriver.
  • the depth of the cutout 54 in the direction of the edge 10 can therefore be dimensioned to provide a distance D slightly greater than the diameter of the cylindrical head 61 between the bottoms of the two cutouts 54 facing each other.
  • There length of cutout 54 along end edge 55 may be substantially equal to the same distance D, for example approximately 30mm.
  • the construction of the flat portions of the vessel wall located on both sides of an edge can be made in the same way or in a different way, and in a symmetrical or asymmetrical way. Furthermore, if a single corner of the tank has been described above, the other corners of the tank may have the same or different arrangement.
  • the three walls which are represented here respectively constitute a bottom wall, an end wall and a lower oblique wall.
  • the lower oblique wall forms an angle of 135° with the bottom wall.
  • the lower oblique wall and the bottom wall are perpendicular to the end wall.
  • Such an arrangement corresponds for example to a tank which has a generally polyhedral shape and which comprises two end walls of octagonal shape which are connected to each other by eight walls, namely a bottom wall and a back wall.
  • the row of secondary corner structures 13 ends with a last secondary corner structure 113 which is formed of a set of three insulating panels which are respectively fixed against the supporting structure of each of the three supporting walls.
  • the three insulating panels of the last secondary corner structure 113 each have a sandwich structure identical to that of the secondary corner structures 13, namely consisting of a layer of insulating polymer foam 116 sandwiched between two rigid plates 117, 118 for example plywood.
  • the rigid plate 118 On each of the three insulating panels of the last secondary corner structure 113, the rigid plate 118 carries anchoring plates 121 and 140 whose structures and functions are identical to those of the anchoring plates 21 and 40 described above in relationship with the secondary corner structure 13.
  • the anchor plates 121 make it possible to fix a final primary corner structure 130 ( Fig. 7 ) on the last secondary corner structure 113.
  • the plate 40 makes it possible to fix an anchor member in a space between the last primary corner structure 130 and a penultimate primary corner structure 230 ( Fig. 7 ) of the row of primary corner structures.
  • This anchoring member comprises a pin 145 engaged in a slot 158 of a support bar 150 visible on the figure 9 .
  • FIG 8 is also a view of the edge end area, additionally showing the primary corner structures mounted on the secondary corner structures of the figure 7 .
  • the secondary waterproofing membrane is entirely omitted to simplify the representation.
  • the last primary corner structure 130 of the row is made up of three insulating blocks resting respectively against each of the three insulating panels of the last secondary corner structure 113. Furthermore, the insulating blocks of the last primary angle 130 each have an internal face on which rests a three-sided angle iron 132 whose general structure is similar to the metal angle iron 32 of the primary angle structure 30, except for the presence of a third wing 100 parallel to the wall inferior oblique.
  • the three-sided angle iron 132 notably comprises studs 136, orifices 137 and flanges 153 whose structures and functions are similar to those of the studs 36, orifices 37 and flanges 53 described above.
  • the penultimate primary corner structure 230 is shown using reference numerals increased by 200 for elements analogous or identical to those of the primary corner structure 30.
  • the dihedral insulating block 231 is longer than the insulating block dihedral 31 and carries on its inner surface two successive metal angles in the direction of the edge.
  • the metal angle 232 is substantially identical to the metal angle 32 of the primary corner structure 30 but, because the dihedral insulating block 231 is elongated in the direction of the last primary corner structure 130, it can have a larger dimension. long along the edge 10 and it protrudes only on one side (not shown) of the dihedral insulating block 231.
  • the metal angle 65 is placed next to the metal angle 232 with a small gap between them and attached to the dihedral insulating block 231 in the same way as the metal angle 32 of the primary corner structure 30.
  • the metal angle 65 has a projecting flange 253 which projects with respect to the dihedral insulating block 231 in the direction of the edge 10 above the space 138.
  • the space 138 is partially covered by the two projecting flanges 153 and 253 on either side other of it.
  • the protruding rim 153 and/or the protruding rim 253 can include a cutout to facilitate access to the anchor member located in the space 138.
  • a cutout 254 is present only in the protruding rim 253.
  • the fixing of the penultimate primary corner structure 230 on the secondary insulating barrier is carried out only at the level of the portion farthest from the last primary corner structure 130, namely the portion bearing the angle iron metal 232 which is fixed on an underlying penultimate secondary corner structure 13 in the same way as described previously For this, the metal angle 232 also has the holes 237.
  • the metal bracket 65 does not have any orifices and can be continuous, since the portion of the dihedral insulating block 231 facing the last primary corner structure 130 spans the gap 66 between the penultimate structure of secondary corner 13 and the last secondary corner structure 113 and extends over the last secondary corner structure 113 without being fixed thereto.
  • This arrangement has the advantage of being independent of the precise size of the gap 66 in the secondary isolation barrier, which can be easily adjusted to compensate for manufacturing tolerances.
  • FIG 9 shows the same area of the tank as the figure 8 , but with the addition of a last flat primary insulating panel 129 adjacent to the penultimate primary corner structure 230.
  • This flat primary insulating panel 129 has, analogously to the groove 27 of the picture 3 , a recess 127 made in line with a corner zone of the rigid bottom plate (not shown) to uncover said corner zone.
  • grab bar 150 which is engaged in the recess 127 and rests on the uncovered area in the manner previously described.
  • the primary sealing membrane is for example a membrane having two series of mutually perpendicular undulations. It can be done essentially as described in WO-A-2017006044 .
  • Metal sheets 67 of the primary sealing membrane bordering an edge are welded along their edge directed towards the edge on the metal angles 32, 232, 65, 132.
  • angle pieces 68,168, 268 metal are welded astride each interface between two successive metal angles 32, 232, 65, 132.
  • corner pieces 68,168, 268 cover the orifices 37, 137, 237 and the cutouts 54, 254 of the metal angles provide continuity of the undulations of the primary sealing membrane oriented perpendicular to the edge 10.
  • FIG 11 illustrates another embodiment of the vessel wall along the edge 10.
  • the primary and secondary sealing membranes are omitted to simplify the representation.
  • Elements similar or identical to those of the figures 2 to 4 bear the same reference numeral increased by 300 and will only be described insofar as they differ from those of the figures 2 to 4 .
  • the primary angle structure 330 is fixed to the secondary angle structure 313 by means of studs 345 arranged in each space 338 between two dihedral insulating blocks 331.
  • the rigid plate 334 is slightly more wider than the layer of polymer foam 333 so as to uncover two side edges of the rigid plate 334.
  • a support bar 350 has a hole, which may be oblong, through which the stud 345 passes and rests on the side edges of the rigid plate 334 of the two primary corner structures 330 between which the stud 345 is arranged.
  • each primary corner structure 330 is retained by two support bars 350 engaged with the two side edges of its rigid plate 334.
  • a nut, not shown, is screwed onto each stud 345 to tighten the support bar 350 in direction of the supporting structure.
  • the 354 cutouts in the edges of the angles metal 332 facilitate the mounting of the stud 345 then the establishment of the nut in the manner previously described.
  • a row of studs 69 may be provided on either side of the row of primary corner structures 330. This may require the provision of a wider secondary corner structure 313, as shown.
  • the secondary insulating barrier and the secondary sealing membrane are eliminated and the studs which anchor the primary insulating barrier are carried directly by the load-bearing walls 11, 12.
  • the technique described above for making a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid can be used in different types of tanks, for example to constitute an LNG tank in an onshore installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG carrier. Or other.
  • edge zone is used to designate the connection between two planar portions in both contexts and can correspond to a real edge or to a rounded portion between the two planar portions.
  • a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary leaktight barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary leaktight barrier arranged between the primary leaktight barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproof barrier and the secondary waterproof barrier and between the secondary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72.
  • loading/unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • FIG 12 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipeline 76 and an installation on land 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74.
  • the mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading/unloading pipes 73.
  • the orientable mobile arm 74 adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a connecting pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the shore installation 77.
  • This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a great distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and/or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and/or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP18804368.1A 2017-11-06 2018-10-26 Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante Active EP3707424B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1760383A FR3073272B1 (fr) 2017-11-06 2017-11-06 Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante
PCT/FR2018/052671 WO2019086790A1 (fr) 2017-11-06 2018-10-26 Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3707424A1 EP3707424A1 (fr) 2020-09-16
EP3707424B1 true EP3707424B1 (fr) 2023-07-05

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EP (1) EP3707424B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP7154292B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR102501626B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN111527340B (ko)
ES (1) ES2958660T3 (ko)
FR (1) FR3073272B1 (ko)
RU (1) RU2761702C1 (ko)
SG (1) SG11202004102RA (ko)
WO (1) WO2019086790A1 (ko)

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CN112918634B (zh) * 2021-03-04 2022-03-15 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 一种船舶锚系结构的精度控制方法
KR102519039B1 (ko) * 2021-04-08 2023-04-10 에이치디현대중공업 주식회사 액화가스 저장탱크 및 이를 포함하는 선박
KR20230000309A (ko) * 2021-06-24 2023-01-02 한국가스공사 비대칭형 멤브레인 및 상기 비대칭형 멤브레인을 이용한 멤브레인 배열구조, 그리고 상기 멤브레인 배열구조를 포함하는 액화가스 저장탱크
CN117048799B (zh) * 2023-10-13 2024-02-09 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 一种薄膜型围护系统的建造方法

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FR1554714A (ko) * 1967-10-12 1969-01-24
SU1432307A1 (ru) * 1987-01-19 1988-10-23 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт "Теплопроект" Теплоизол ционна конструкци изотермического резервуара
FR2798358B1 (fr) * 1999-09-14 2001-11-02 Gaz Transport & Technigaz Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree dans une structure porteuse de navire, a structure d'angle simplifiee
KR100499710B1 (ko) * 2004-12-08 2005-07-05 한국가스공사 선박 내부에 설치되는 액화천연가스 저장용 탱크 구조 및 탱크 제조방법
KR100553017B1 (ko) * 2005-04-20 2006-02-15 이성욱 히팅패드를 이용한 2차 가스배리어 접착방법
JP5342889B2 (ja) 2009-02-03 2013-11-13 Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 医療用プローブ、および医療用観察システム
FR3004510B1 (fr) * 2013-04-12 2016-12-09 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d'un fluide
FR3004509B1 (fr) * 2013-04-12 2016-11-25 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Structure d'angle d'une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante de stockage d'un fluide
FR3004511B1 (fr) 2013-04-15 2016-12-30 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante
FR3026459B1 (fr) 2014-09-26 2017-06-09 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve etanche et isolante comportant un element de pontage entre les panneaux de la barriere isolante secondaire
FR3038690B1 (fr) * 2015-07-06 2018-01-05 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante ayant une membrane d'etancheite secondaire equipee d'un arrangement d'angle a toles metalliques ondulees
RU2600419C1 (ru) * 2015-08-13 2016-10-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью проектно-конструкторское бюро "БАЛТМАРИН" Мембранный танк для сжиженного природного газа (тип вм)
KR101751839B1 (ko) * 2015-08-21 2017-06-28 대우조선해양 주식회사 멤브레인형 저장탱크의 단열시스템 및 이를 포함하는 멤브레인형 저장탱크
KR101792479B1 (ko) * 2016-03-04 2017-11-03 삼성중공업 주식회사 코너벽체 및 그를 이용한 액화가스 화물창의 시공방법
KR102060706B1 (ko) * 2018-06-12 2020-02-11 삼성중공업 주식회사 코너벽체, 코너벽체를 포함하는 액화천연가스 화물창 및 액화천연가스 화물창의 시공 방법

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2761702C1 (ru) 2021-12-13
SG11202004102RA (en) 2020-06-29
FR3073272B1 (fr) 2019-11-01
ES2958660T3 (es) 2024-02-13
KR20200088360A (ko) 2020-07-22
CN111527340A (zh) 2020-08-11
JP2021501858A (ja) 2021-01-21
EP3707424A1 (fr) 2020-09-16
CN111527340B (zh) 2021-11-23
FR3073272A1 (fr) 2019-05-10
JP7154292B2 (ja) 2022-10-17
WO2019086790A1 (fr) 2019-05-09
KR102501626B1 (ko) 2023-02-21

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