EP3680388B1 - Access protection - Google Patents

Access protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3680388B1
EP3680388B1 EP19151673.1A EP19151673A EP3680388B1 EP 3680388 B1 EP3680388 B1 EP 3680388B1 EP 19151673 A EP19151673 A EP 19151673A EP 3680388 B1 EP3680388 B1 EP 3680388B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pit
platform
access protection
supports
paving
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EP19151673.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3680388A1 (en
Inventor
Franz BUCHTA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wiener Messe Besitz GmbH
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Wiener Messe Besitz GmbH
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Application filed by Wiener Messe Besitz GmbH filed Critical Wiener Messe Besitz GmbH
Priority to EP19151673.1A priority Critical patent/EP3680388B1/en
Priority to ES19151673T priority patent/ES2902889T3/en
Priority to SI201930167T priority patent/SI3680388T1/en
Priority to DK19151673.1T priority patent/DK3680388T3/en
Priority to HUE19151673A priority patent/HUE057311T2/en
Publication of EP3680388A1 publication Critical patent/EP3680388A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3680388B1 publication Critical patent/EP3680388B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F13/00—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions
    • E01F13/12—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions for forcibly arresting or disabling vehicles, e.g. spiked mats
    • E01F13/126—Pitfall barriers, causing the vehicle to face a step-like obstruction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/08—Barbed-wire obstacles; Barricades; Stanchions; Tank traps; Vehicle-impeding devices; Caltrops

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an access protection according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such access protection is already in the U.S. 4,647,246 shown.
  • a vehicle pit located between an unsecured area and a secured area is bridged by a generally flat platform.
  • the platform forms a stepless bridge over an ordinary road.
  • the platform is pivotally attached to the side of the unsecured area of the pit and is supported on the side of the protected area by weight responsive supports.
  • the supports can, for example, be fragile shear bolts. If the platform is driven on by an unauthorized person, the shear bolts break certain load and the platform swings downwards with the end adjacent to the protected area, as a result of which a vehicle penetrating from the unsecured area falls into the pit and is prevented from continuing its journey.
  • the platform is only held by an extendable hydraulic support.
  • the support can give way at a predetermined pressure value and let the platform swing downwards as described above.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is firstly the complex construction with a pivot bearing and a type of bridge construction for the platform. This is intended to enable the platform to be raised from the downwardly pivoted state.
  • this solution is only suitable for protection against undesired access from a known direction (from the unsecured area into the protected area).
  • this solution is comparatively easy to manipulate in publicly accessible areas by inserting the non-breakable bolts into the platform.
  • a possibly still operational vehicle can reverse out of the pit and use the platform as a jump.
  • the access of vehicles to squares or in front of objects or buildings can be controlled and controlled and limited according to defined vehicle weights.
  • the pit can have a length of at least 2 m, optionally at least 3 m, at least 4 m, at least 5 m, or at least 6 m.
  • the pit can have a depth of at least 40 cm, optionally at least 60 cm, or at least 80 cm.
  • the width of the pit can, for example, be at least 2 m.
  • the platform is formed by a plate covering (for example with at least 2 plates) laid on plate bearings, the plate bearings being formed by the support structure.
  • the flexural strength of the paving can therefore be a limiting parameter for the breaking load of the pit cover.
  • the desired breaking load can be achieved with a flexural strength of 45 N / mm 2.
  • the breaking load of the pit cover essentially corresponds to a breaking load of the paving
  • the breaking load of the pit cover can correspond to a breaking load of the plates which form the paving.
  • the support structure is formed by at least two, in particular at least three, vertical supports.
  • the vertical supports can each be height-adjustable so that the supports can be adapted to any locally different pit depths. Not necessary for vertical supports a horizontal support structure because of the weight of the
  • the vertical supports can optionally be point elevations at the corner points of the slabs of the paving.
  • the horizontal stability of the vertical supports can be achieved by the paving. In the event of a slab break, the upper end of the supports becomes free, so that if there is a low transverse load (e.g. braking of a vehicle) they fall over and cause neighboring slabs to collapse.
  • a low transverse load e.g. braking of a vehicle
  • This effect can be intensified if the vertical supports rest on the pit floor.
  • the lower end of the supports lies freely or loosely on the pit floor and is not anchored, but, apart from the existing friction, can move horizontally, i. H. move freely along the pit floor.
  • the breaking load of the pit cover is essentially predetermined by the compressive strength of the vertical supports.
  • the vertical supports yield (e.g. buckle or bend) above the defined breaking load, so that the platform effectively breaks.
  • the compressive strength of the vertical supports can therefore be a limiting parameter for the breaking load of the pit cover.
  • the desired breaking load can be achieved with a compressive strength of the vertical supports of 10 kN.
  • the pit cover can also have a collecting level below the platform.
  • the containment level can serve to limit the consequences of an unintentional spontaneous failure of the platform.
  • a grating can be provided which, in the event of a spontaneous breakage of a single slab of the slab covering, catches the slab parts of any persons on it and protects them from falling into the pit and at the same time maintains the horizontal stability of the adjacent vertical supports.
  • the catchment level can have a lower load-bearing capacity than the platform. This means that if the defined breaking load of the pit cover is exceeded, the catchment level also fails and a vehicle driving through the access protection falls into the pit.
  • the collecting plane can be mounted between the vertical supports of the type described above. As a result, if the supports fall over, the catchment level will inevitably also collapse.
  • Fig. 1 shows an access protection 1 according to the invention between two traffic areas 2, 3 Fig. 1
  • the access protection 1 comprises a pit 5 and a pit cover 6.
  • the pit 5 extends between the traffic areas 2, 3 and is adjacent to them.
  • the pit 5 is a reinforced concrete structure with a base plate 7 and Enclosing walls 8, 9 are provided.
  • the size of the pit is basically freely selectable.
  • a depth T of around 80 cm and a length L of around 6.0 m can be provided.
  • the pit cover 6 has a platform 10 arranged at floor level and a support structure 11 below the platform 10.
  • the pit cover 6 has a breaking load between 200 kg and 1000 kg. This breaking load enables the free, barrier-free passage of people, cyclists and prams. Depending on the applicable requirements of the applicable standards and regulations with regard to sufficient load-bearing capacity in the case of crowds and as an escape route, a lower or a higher breaking load can be selected within the scope of the invention.
  • the weight of the heavy vehicle 4 exceeds the breaking load of the pit cover 6.
  • the pit cover 6 collapses and the vehicle 4 falls into the pit 5 (see FIG Fig. 2 ).
  • the vehicle 4 is prevented from continuing to travel by the transverse wall at the opposite end of the pit as seen from the entrance (see FIG Fig. 3 ). Due to the depth of the pit of around 80 cm, it is impossible for normal vehicles to exit the pit.
  • the function of the access protection is therefore given for heavier vehicles, including trucks with 40 tons or more.
  • the structure of the pit cover 6 is in Figures 4 and 5 shown in more detail.
  • the platform 10 is formed by a tile covering 13 that is laid on tile bearings 12 and is not supported over a large area.
  • the paving 13 comprises ten rows in the longitudinal direction and six columns in the transverse direction (ie transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle shown) of panels 14 and thus a total of 60 square panels 14, for example format panels with 60 x 60 cm.
  • the plate bearings 12 are formed by the support structure 11.
  • the breaking load of the pit cover 6 corresponds essentially to a breaking load of the paving 13, more precisely the individual Plates 14.
  • the plates 14 used in this example have a breaking load of 1000 kg.
  • the support structure 11 is formed by a grid of 9 ⁇ 5 vertical supports 15.
  • the total of 45 vertical supports 15 are arranged as point elevations or point supports at the corner points of the panels 14 of the paving 13.
  • the vertical supports 15 are height-adjustable plastic system supports.
  • the flat top of the vertical supports 15 (see Fig. 4 ) as a plate support (more precisely plate support) for four plates 14 each (see Fig. 5 ).
  • the flat underside of the vertical supports 15 rests on the pit floor, more precisely on the base plate 7.
  • a base 16 of the vertical support 15 is placed on the pit floor and is thus supported without anchoring or fastening to the pit floor.
  • the breaking load of the pit cover 6 can therefore also be predetermined by the compressive strength of the vertical supports 15 if the resulting effective breaking load of the pit cover 6 is less than the breaking load of the panels 14 of the paving 13.
  • the pit cover 6 has a collecting plane 17 (second supporting plane) below the platform 10.
  • the collecting level 17 has a lower load-bearing capacity than the platform 10.
  • the collecting plane 17 is mounted between the vertical supports 15. It is formed as a secondary protection and fallback level from glass fiber reinforced plastic support grids 18 (gratings). These gratings 18 are supported on angular supports 19 between the vertical supports 15. The angle supports 19 are connected to a head piece 20 of the vertical supports 15. Spacers 21 are provided between the gratings 18, which serve to support the angle supports 19 and prevent the gratings 18 from falling out of the opposite angle supports 19. In the in Fig.
  • the illustrated floor plan corresponds to the axial grid 22 of the gratings 18 essentially to the axial grid of the tile covering 13.
  • the gratings 18 also support grids
  • the collecting plane 17 serves as secondary protection. This grating level bears the loads of individual people and prevents them from falling. However, the load-bearing capacity of the second supporting plane 17 is less than the load-bearing capacity of the paving 13 and thus does not prevent vehicles from falling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zufahrtschutz gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an access protection according to the preamble of claim 1.

Auf Grund der zunehmenden und allgemein angespannten Bedrohungslage, vor allem im Hinblick auf terroristische Aktivitäten, wird es notwendig, den Objektschutz neu zu überdenken und zu verbessern. Die Vorfälle in jüngerer Vergangenheit, wo Kraftfahrzeuge in terroristischer Absicht gezielt in Menschenmengen gesteuert wurden, dienen als Anlass zur Entwicklung von Einrichtungen als Zufahrtschutz vor bzw. im Umfeld von Objekten, d.h. Gebäuden oder allgemein öffentlichen Flächen.Due to the increasing and generally tense threat situation, especially with regard to terrorist activities, it is necessary to rethink and improve property protection. The incidents in the recent past, where motor vehicles were driven in crowds with terrorist intent, serve as an occasion for the development of facilities for access protection in front of or in the vicinity of objects, i.e. buildings or public areas in general.

Derzeit werden als Objektschutz bzw. vor Plätzen mit hoher Personenfrequenz zumeist massive Barrieren zur Verhinderung der unkontrollierten Zufahrt errichtet. Diese Barrieren wirken oft abschreckend und stören gleichzeitig den ungehinderten Zugang von Personen. Vor allem bei hohem Personenandrang werden derartige Barrieren schnell zu unerwünschten Hindernissen. Die vorliegende Erfindung sieht einen ungehinderten Zugang von Personen, bei gleichzeitiger Einschränkung der Überfahrt schwerer Fahrzeuge vor.At present, massive barriers are usually being erected to prevent uncontrolled access to protect property or in front of places with a high number of people. These barriers often act as a deterrent and at the same time disrupt unhindered access for people. Such barriers quickly become undesirable obstacles, especially when there is a large number of people. The present invention provides unimpeded access for people while at the same time restricting the passage of heavy vehicles.

Ein derartiger Zufahrtschutz ist bereits in der US 4,647,246 gezeigt. Darin wird eine Fahrzeugfallgrube, die zwischen einem ungesicherten Bereich und einem gesicherten Bereich angeordnet ist, durch eine im allgemeinen flache Plattform überbrückt. Im regulären Fahrbetrieb bildet die Plattform eine stufenlose Überbrückung einer gewöhnlichen Straße. Die Plattform ist an der Seite des ungesicherten Bereichs der Grube schwenkbar befestigt und wird an der Seite des geschützten Bereichs durch auf Gewicht ansprechende Stützen abgestützt. Die Stützen können z.B. zerbrechliche Abscherbolzen sein. Beim nicht autorisierten Befahren der Plattform brechen die Abscherbolzen bei einer bestimmten Last und die Plattform schwingt mit dem an den geschützten Bereich angrenzenden Ende nach unten, wodurch ein vom ungesicherten Bereich eindringendes Fahrzeug in die Grube stürzt und an der Weiterfahrt gehindert wird. In einer alternativen Ausführungsvariante wird die Plattform nur von einer ausfahrbaren hydraulischen Stütze gehalten. Durch ein Überdruckventil kann die Stütze bei einem vorbestimmten Druckwert nachgeben und die Plattform wie zuvor beschrieben nach unten schwingen lassen. Nachteilig bei dieser Lösung ist erstens die aufwändige Konstruktion mit einem Schwenklager und einer Art Brückenkonstruktion für die Plattform. Dadurch soll ein Anheben der Plattform aus dem nach unten geschwenkten Zustand ermöglicht werden. Zweitens eignet sich diese Lösung nur für einen Schutz gegen eine unerwünschte Zufahrt aus einer bekannten Richtung (vom ungesicherten Bereich in den geschützten Bereich). Drittens ist diese Lösung bei öffentlich zugänglichen Flächen vergleichsweise einfach manipulierbar, indem die nichtzerbrechlichen Bolzen in die Plattform eingeführt werden. Viertens kann ein möglicherweise noch einsatzfähiges Fahrzeug wieder rückwärts aus der Grube ausfahren und dabei die Plattform als Schanze nutzen.Such access protection is already in the U.S. 4,647,246 shown. Therein, a vehicle pit located between an unsecured area and a secured area is bridged by a generally flat platform. In regular driving, the platform forms a stepless bridge over an ordinary road. The platform is pivotally attached to the side of the unsecured area of the pit and is supported on the side of the protected area by weight responsive supports. The supports can, for example, be fragile shear bolts. If the platform is driven on by an unauthorized person, the shear bolts break certain load and the platform swings downwards with the end adjacent to the protected area, as a result of which a vehicle penetrating from the unsecured area falls into the pit and is prevented from continuing its journey. In an alternative embodiment, the platform is only held by an extendable hydraulic support. By means of a pressure relief valve, the support can give way at a predetermined pressure value and let the platform swing downwards as described above. The disadvantage of this solution is firstly the complex construction with a pivot bearing and a type of bridge construction for the platform. This is intended to enable the platform to be raised from the downwardly pivoted state. Second, this solution is only suitable for protection against undesired access from a known direction (from the unsecured area into the protected area). Thirdly, this solution is comparatively easy to manipulate in publicly accessible areas by inserting the non-breakable bolts into the platform. Fourth, a possibly still operational vehicle can reverse out of the pit and use the platform as a jump.

Weitere Einrichtungen zum Verhindern des Zufahrens von Fahrzeugen sind aus US 2008/0131200 A1 , EP 0 267 343 A1 , CH 203716 A und US 4 554 695 A1 und RU 2 284 446 C2 bekannt.Other devices to prevent vehicles from entering are off US 2008/0131200 A1 , EP 0 267 343 A1 , CH 203716 A and U.S. 4,554,695 A1 and RU 2 284 446 C2 known.

Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, zumindest einzelnen Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu beseitigen oder zumindest zu verringern.It is an object of the invention to eliminate or at least reduce individual disadvantages of the prior art.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch einen Zufahrtschutz mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved according to the invention by an access protection with the features of claim 1.

Aufgrund der begrenzten Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung wird diese bei einer Befahrung mit einem schweren Fahrzeug zerstört, genauer tritt ein statisches Versagen der Grubenabdeckung ein. Dabei ist es im Allgemeinen unerheblich, von welcher Seite Zufahrt erfolgt. Aufgrund der irreversiblen Zerstörung der Grubenabdeckung ist ein Ausfahren aus der Grube abhängig vom Fahrzeug ausgeschlossen oder zumindest erheblich erschwert. Somit kann mit dem vorliegenden Zufahrtschutz die Zufahrt von Fahrzeugen auf Plätze oder vor Objekten oder Gebäuden kontrolliert und nach definierten Fahrzeuggewichten gesteuert und limitiert werden.Due to the limited breaking load of the Pit cover is destroyed when a heavy vehicle drives over it, more precisely a static failure of the pit cover occurs. It is generally irrelevant from which side the access is made. Due to the irreversible destruction of the pit cover, driving out of the pit is excluded, or at least made considerably more difficult, depending on the vehicle. Thus, with the present access protection, the access of vehicles to squares or in front of objects or buildings can be controlled and controlled and limited according to defined vehicle weights.

Die Grube kann eine Länge von mindestens 2 m, optional mindestens 3 m, mindestens 4 m, mindestens 5 m, oder mindestens 6 m aufweisen. Außerdem kann die Grube eine Tiefe von mindestens 40 cm, optional mindestens 60 cm, oder mindestens 80 cm aufweisen. Die Breite der Grube kann beispielsweise mindestens 2 m sein.The pit can have a length of at least 2 m, optionally at least 3 m, at least 4 m, at least 5 m, or at least 6 m. In addition, the pit can have a depth of at least 40 cm, optionally at least 60 cm, or at least 80 cm. The width of the pit can, for example, be at least 2 m.

Die Plattform ist erfindungsgemäß durch einen auf Plattenlagern verlegten Plattenbelag (beispielsweise mit mindestens 2 Platten) gebildet, wobei die Plattenlager von der Stützkonstruktion gebildet sind.According to the invention, the platform is formed by a plate covering (for example with at least 2 plates) laid on plate bearings, the plate bearings being formed by the support structure.

Die Verlegung auf Plattenlagerung bedeutet, dass der Plattenbelag nicht flächig unterstützt ist. Für die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung kann daher die Biegezugfestigkeit des Plattenbelags ein limitierender Parameter sein. Beispielsweise kann die gewünschte Bruchlast bei einer Biegezugfestigkeit von 45 N/mm2 erzielt werden.Laying on paving means that the paving is not supported over a large area. The flexural strength of the paving can therefore be a limiting parameter for the breaking load of the pit cover. For example, the desired breaking load can be achieved with a flexural strength of 45 N / mm 2.

Erfindungsgemäß entspricht die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung im Wesentlichen einer Bruchlast des PlattenbelagsAccording to the invention, the breaking load of the pit cover essentially corresponds to a breaking load of the paving

Genauer kann die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung einer Bruchlast der Platten, die den Plattenbelag bilden, entsprechen.More precisely, the breaking load of the pit cover can correspond to a breaking load of the plates which form the paving.

Die Stützkonstruktion ist erfindungsgemäß durch mindestens zwei, insbesondere mindestens drei, senkrechte Stützen gebildet Die senkrechten Stützen können jeweils höhenverstellbar sein, sodass eine Anpassung der Stützen an etwaige lokal verschiedene Grubentiefen erfolgen kann. Bei senkrechten Stützen erübrigt sich eine horizontale Trägerkonstruktion, weil das Gewicht derAccording to the invention, the support structure is formed by at least two, in particular at least three, vertical supports. The vertical supports can each be height-adjustable so that the supports can be adapted to any locally different pit depths. Not necessary for vertical supports a horizontal support structure because of the weight of the

Plattform und der darauf befindlichen Last direkt und einfach in den Grubenboden eingeleitet werden kann.Platform and the load on it can be introduced directly and easily into the pit floor.

Die senkrechten Stützen können optional Punktaufständerungen an den Eckpunkten der Platten des Plattenbelags sein. Dabei kann die horizontale Stabilität der senkrechten Stützen durch den Plattenbelag erzielt werden. Bei einem Plattenbruch wird somit das obere Ende der Stützen frei, sodass diese bei einer geringen Querbelastung (z.B. Bremsen eines Fahrzeugs) umfallen und benachbarte Platten zum Einsturz bringen.The vertical supports can optionally be point elevations at the corner points of the slabs of the paving. The horizontal stability of the vertical supports can be achieved by the paving. In the event of a slab break, the upper end of the supports becomes free, so that if there is a low transverse load (e.g. braking of a vehicle) they fall over and cause neighboring slabs to collapse.

Dieser Effekt kann noch verstärkt werden, wenn die senkrechten Stützen am Grubenboden aufliegen. Dabei liegt das untere Ende der Stützen frei oder lose am Grubenboden auf und ist nicht verankert, sondern kann sich abgesehen von der vorhandenen Reibung horizontal, d. h. entlang des Grubenbodens, frei bewegen.This effect can be intensified if the vertical supports rest on the pit floor. The lower end of the supports lies freely or loosely on the pit floor and is not anchored, but, apart from the existing friction, can move horizontally, i. H. move freely along the pit floor.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung im Wesentlichen durch die Druckfestigkeit der senkrechten Stützen vorgegeben.According to the invention, the breaking load of the pit cover is essentially predetermined by the compressive strength of the vertical supports.

Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass die senkrechten Stützen oberhalb der definierten Bruchlast nachgeben (z.B. einknicken oder verbiegen), sodass die Plattform effektiv bricht. Für die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung kann daher die Druckfestigkeit der senkrechten Stützen ein limitierender Parameter sein. Beispielsweise kann die gewünschte Bruchlast bei einer Druckfestigkeit der senkrechten Stützen von 10 kN erzielt werden.For example, it can be provided that the vertical supports yield (e.g. buckle or bend) above the defined breaking load, so that the platform effectively breaks. The compressive strength of the vertical supports can therefore be a limiting parameter for the breaking load of the pit cover. For example, the desired breaking load can be achieved with a compressive strength of the vertical supports of 10 kN.

Darüber hinaus kann die Grubenabdeckung zusätzlich eine Auffangebene unterhalb der Plattform aufweisen. Die Auffangebene kann dazu dienen, die Folgen von einem ungewollten spontanen Versagen der Plattform zu begrenzen. Beispielsweise kann ein Gitterrost vorgesehen sein, welcher bei einem spontanen Bruch einer einzelnen Platte des Plattenbelags die Plattenteile etwaige darauf befindliche Personen auffängt und vor einem Absturz in die Grube schützt und gleichzeitig die horizontale Stabilität der benachbarten senkrechten Stützen erhält.In addition, the pit cover can also have a collecting level below the platform. The containment level can serve to limit the consequences of an unintentional spontaneous failure of the platform. For example, a grating can be provided which, in the event of a spontaneous breakage of a single slab of the slab covering, catches the slab parts of any persons on it and protects them from falling into the pit and at the same time maintains the horizontal stability of the adjacent vertical supports.

Um die Schutzfunktion des Zufahrtschutzes möglichst wenig zu beeinträchtigen, kann die Auffangebene eine geringere Tragfähigkeit als die Plattform aufweisen. D.h. wenn die definierte Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung überschritten wird, versagt jedenfalls auch die Auffangebene und ein den Zufahrtschutz befahrendes Fahrzeug fällt in die Grube.In order to impair the protective function of the access protection as little as possible, the catchment level can have a lower load-bearing capacity than the platform. This means that if the defined breaking load of the pit cover is exceeded, the catchment level also fails and a vehicle driving through the access protection falls into the pit.

Gemäß einer optionalen Ausführungsvariante kann die Auffangebene zwischen den senkrechten Stützen der oben beschriebenen Art gelagert sein. Dadurch wird bei einem Umfallen der Stützen zwangsläufig auch die Auffangebene zum Einsturz gebracht.According to an optional variant, the collecting plane can be mounted between the vertical supports of the type described above. As a result, if the supports fall over, the catchment level will inevitably also collapse.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen, auf die sie jedoch nicht beschränkt sein soll, und unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen noch weiter erläutert. Die Zeichnungen zeigen im Einzelnen:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch einen vertikalen Schnitt eines Zufahrtschutzes mit angrenzenden Verkehrsflächen und einem herannahenden Fahrzeug;
  • Fig. 2 schematisch einen vertikalen Schnitt gemäß Fig. 1, wobei das Fahrzeug teilweise in den Zufahrtschutz eingefahren ist;
  • Fig. 3 schematisch einen vertikalen Schnitt gemäß Fig. 1, wobei das Fahrzeug vollständig in den Zufahrtschutz eingefahren ist und angehalten wurde;
  • Fig. 4 schematisch einer detaillierten vertikalen Schnitt neben einer senkrechten Stütze des Zufahrtschutzes gemäß Figuren 1-3; und
  • Fig. 5 schematisch einen detaillierten Grundriss des Zufahrtschutzes gemäß Figuren 1-3 am Niveau der zweiten Tragebene.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of particularly preferred exemplary embodiments, to which, however, it is not intended to be restricted, and with reference to the drawings. The drawings show in detail:
  • Fig. 1 schematically a vertical section of an access protection with adjoining traffic areas and an approaching vehicle;
  • Fig. 2 schematically a vertical section according to Fig. 1 with the vehicle partially retracted into the driveway protection;
  • Fig. 3 schematically a vertical section according to Fig. 1 with the vehicle fully retracted and stopped;
  • Fig. 4 schematically a detailed vertical section next to a vertical support of the access protection according to Figures 1-3 ; and
  • Fig. 5 schematically a detailed floor plan of the access protection according to Figures 1-3 at the level of the second bearing level.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Zufahrtschutz 1 zwischen zwei Verkehrsflächen 2, 3. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Situation nähert sich ein schweres Fahrzeug 4 dem Zufahrtschutz 1. Der Zufahrtschutz 1 umfasst eine Grube 5 und eine Grubenabdeckung 6. Die Grube 5 erstreckt sich zwischen den Verkehrsflächen 2, 3 und grenzt an diese an. Die Grube 5 ist als Stahlbetonkonstruktion mit einer Bodenplatte 7 und Umfassungswänden 8, 9 vorgesehen. Die Größe der Grube ist grundsätzlich frei wählbar. Für die Funktion als Überfahrschutz gegen schwere Fahrzeuge kann beispielsweise eine Tiefe T von rund 80 cm und eine Länge L von ca. 6,0 m vorgesehen sein. Fig. 1 shows an access protection 1 according to the invention between two traffic areas 2, 3 Fig. 1 In the situation shown, a heavy vehicle 4 approaches the access protection 1. The access protection 1 comprises a pit 5 and a pit cover 6. The pit 5 extends between the traffic areas 2, 3 and is adjacent to them. The pit 5 is a reinforced concrete structure with a base plate 7 and Enclosing walls 8, 9 are provided. The size of the pit is basically freely selectable. For the function as run-over protection against heavy vehicles, for example, a depth T of around 80 cm and a length L of around 6.0 m can be provided.

Die Grubenabdeckung 6 weist eine auf Bodenniveau angeordnete Plattform 10 und eine Stützkonstruktion 11 unterhalb der Plattform 10 auf. Die Grubenabdeckung 6 weist eine Bruchlast zwischen 200 kg und 1000 kg auf. Diese Bruchlast ermöglicht die freie barrierefreie Passage von Personen, Radfahrern, Kinderwägen. Je nach den anwendbaren Anforderungen der gültigen Normen und Vorschriften hinsichtlich der ausreichenden Tragfähigkeit bei Menschenansammlungen und als Fluchtweg kann eine geringere oder eine höhere Bruchlast im Rahmen der Erfindung gewählt werden.The pit cover 6 has a platform 10 arranged at floor level and a support structure 11 below the platform 10. The pit cover 6 has a breaking load between 200 kg and 1000 kg. This breaking load enables the free, barrier-free passage of people, cyclists and prams. Depending on the applicable requirements of the applicable standards and regulations with regard to sufficient load-bearing capacity in the case of crowds and as an escape route, a lower or a higher breaking load can be selected within the scope of the invention.

Das Gewicht des schweren Fahrzeugs 4 übersteigt jedoch die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung 6. Sobald das Fahrzeug 4 den Zufahrtschutz befährt, kollabiert die Grubenabdeckung 6 das Fahrzeug 4 fällt in die Grube 5 (siehe Fig. 2). Sollte sich das Fahrzeug 4 dennoch in der Grube 5 vorwärtsbewegen, wird es durch die Querwand am, von der Einfahrt aus gesehen gegenüberliegenden Ende der Grube an der Weiterfahrt gehindert (siehe Fig. 3). Durch die Tiefe der Grube von etwa 80 cm ist eine Ausfahrt aus der Grube für übliche Fahrzeuge im Straßenverkehr ausgeschlossen. Die Funktion des Zufahrtschutzes ist somit für schwerere Fahrzeuge, also auch Lastkraftfahrzeuge mit 40 Tonnen oder mehr gegeben.However, the weight of the heavy vehicle 4 exceeds the breaking load of the pit cover 6. As soon as the vehicle 4 drives over the access protection, the pit cover 6 collapses and the vehicle 4 falls into the pit 5 (see FIG Fig. 2 ). Should the vehicle 4 nevertheless move forward in the pit 5, it is prevented from continuing to travel by the transverse wall at the opposite end of the pit as seen from the entrance (see FIG Fig. 3 ). Due to the depth of the pit of around 80 cm, it is impossible for normal vehicles to exit the pit. The function of the access protection is therefore given for heavier vehicles, including trucks with 40 tons or more.

Der Aufbau der Grubenabdeckung 6 ist in den Figuren 4 und 5 genauer dargestellt. Die Plattform 10 wird durch einen auf Plattenlagern 12 verlegten, nicht flächig unterstützten, Plattenbelag 13 gebildet. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst der Plattenbelag 13 in Längsrichtung zehn Reihen und in Querrichtung (d. h. quer zur Fahrtrichtung des dargestellten Fahrzeugs) sechs Spalten von Platten 14 und somit insgesamt 60 quadratische Platten 14, z.B. Formatplatten mit 60 x 60 cm. Die Plattenlager 12 sind von der Stützkonstruktion 11 gebildet. Die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung 6 entspricht dabei im Wesentlichen einer Bruchlast des Plattenbelags 13, genauer der einzelnen Platten 14. Die verwendeten Platten 14 weisen in diesem Beispiel eine Bruchlast von 1000 kg auf.The structure of the pit cover 6 is in Figures 4 and 5 shown in more detail. The platform 10 is formed by a tile covering 13 that is laid on tile bearings 12 and is not supported over a large area. In the illustrated embodiment, the paving 13 comprises ten rows in the longitudinal direction and six columns in the transverse direction (ie transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle shown) of panels 14 and thus a total of 60 square panels 14, for example format panels with 60 x 60 cm. The plate bearings 12 are formed by the support structure 11. The breaking load of the pit cover 6 corresponds essentially to a breaking load of the paving 13, more precisely the individual Plates 14. The plates 14 used in this example have a breaking load of 1000 kg.

Die Stützkonstruktion 11 ist durch ein Raster von 9 × 5 senkrechten Stützen 15 gebildet. Die insgesamt 45 senkrechten Stützen 15 sind als Punktaufständerungen oder Punktstützen an den Eckpunkten der Platten 14 des Plattenbelags 13 angeordnet. Die senkrechten Stützen 15 sind höhenverstellbare Kunststoffsystemstützen. Dabei dient die flache Oberseite der senkrechten Stützen 15 (siehe Fig. 4) als Plattenlager (genauer Plattenauflager) für jeweils vier Platten 14 (siehe Fig. 5). Die flache Unterseite der senkrechten Stützen 15 liegt am Grubenboden, genauer auf der Bodenplatte 7 auf. Dabei ist jeweils ein Sockel 16 der senkrechten Stütze 15 am Grubenboden aufgesetzt und somit abgestützt, ohne eine Verankerung oder Befestigung am Grubenboden. Die Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung 6 kann daher auch durch die Druckfestigkeit der senkrechten Stützen 15 vorgegeben sein, falls die daraus resultierende effektive Bruchlast der Grubenabdeckung 6 geringer als die Bruchlast der Platten 14 des Plattenbelags 13 ist.The support structure 11 is formed by a grid of 9 × 5 vertical supports 15. The total of 45 vertical supports 15 are arranged as point elevations or point supports at the corner points of the panels 14 of the paving 13. The vertical supports 15 are height-adjustable plastic system supports. The flat top of the vertical supports 15 (see Fig. 4 ) as a plate support (more precisely plate support) for four plates 14 each (see Fig. 5 ). The flat underside of the vertical supports 15 rests on the pit floor, more precisely on the base plate 7. In each case, a base 16 of the vertical support 15 is placed on the pit floor and is thus supported without anchoring or fastening to the pit floor. The breaking load of the pit cover 6 can therefore also be predetermined by the compressive strength of the vertical supports 15 if the resulting effective breaking load of the pit cover 6 is less than the breaking load of the panels 14 of the paving 13.

Zusätzlich zu der durch den Plattenbelag 13 gebildeten Plattform 10 (erste Tragebene) weist die Grubenabdeckung 6 eine Auffangebene 17 (zweite Tragebene) unterhalb der Plattform 10 auf. Die Auffangebene 17 weist eine geringere Tragfähigkeit als die Plattform 10 auf. Die Auffangebene 17 ist zwischen den senkrechten Stützen 15 gelagert. Sie ist als Sekundärschutz und Rückfallsebene aus glasfaserverstärkten Kunststofftragrosten 18 (Gitterrosten) gebildet. Diese Gitterroste 18 lagern auf Winkelauflagern 19 zwischen den senkrechten Stützen 15 auf. Die Winkelauflager 19 sind mit einem Kopfstück 20 der senkrechten Stützen 15 verbunden. Zwischen den Gitterrosten 18 sind Distanzhalter 21 vorgesehen, welche zur Auflagerung der Winkelauflager 19 dienen und ein Herausfallen der Gitterroste 18 aus den gegenüberliegenden Winkelauflagern 19 vermeiden. In dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Grundriss entspricht das Achsraster 22 der Gitterroste 18 im Wesentlichen dem Achsraster des Plattenbelags 13. Die Gitterroste 18 (auch Tragroste) weisen eine beschränkte Tragfähigkeit auf und dienen beim Bruch des Plattenbelags 13 (z.B. Spontanbruch, Vandalismus etc.) zur Verhinderung des Absturzes von Passanten.In addition to the platform 10 formed by the paving 13 (first supporting plane), the pit cover 6 has a collecting plane 17 (second supporting plane) below the platform 10. The collecting level 17 has a lower load-bearing capacity than the platform 10. The collecting plane 17 is mounted between the vertical supports 15. It is formed as a secondary protection and fallback level from glass fiber reinforced plastic support grids 18 (gratings). These gratings 18 are supported on angular supports 19 between the vertical supports 15. The angle supports 19 are connected to a head piece 20 of the vertical supports 15. Spacers 21 are provided between the gratings 18, which serve to support the angle supports 19 and prevent the gratings 18 from falling out of the opposite angle supports 19. In the in Fig. 5 The illustrated floor plan corresponds to the axial grid 22 of the gratings 18 essentially to the axial grid of the tile covering 13. The gratings 18 (also support grids) have a limited load-bearing capacity and are used in the event of breakage Slab covering 13 (e.g. spontaneous breakage, vandalism, etc.) to prevent passers-by from falling.

Wie beschrieben ist aufgrund der gewählten Bruchlast der freie Personenverkehr über den Zufahrtschutz uneingeschränkt möglich. Befährt ein schwereres Fahrzeug 4 den Plattenbelag 13 des Zufahrtschutzes 1, kommt es zu einem Versagen aufgrund der Überschreitung der widmungsgemäßen Tragfähigkeit des Systems. Der Plattenbelag 13 bricht und gleichzeitig geben die senkrechten Stützen 15 (Punktstützen) nach. Das Fahrzeug 4 bricht dadurch ein und "fällt in die Grube" (siehe Fig. 2). Dabei wird der überfahrene Plattenbelag 13 und die darunter angeordnete Stützkonstruktion 11 entlang des vom Fahrzeug 4 zurückgelegten Wegs zerstört. Bereits bei Befahrung der ersten Plattenreihe 23 bricht das Fahrzeug 4 in die Grube 5 ein.As described, due to the selected breaking load, the free movement of people via the access protection is possible without restriction. If a heavier vehicle 4 drives on the paving 13 of the access protection 1, a failure occurs because the load-bearing capacity of the system is exceeded. The paving 13 breaks and at the same time the vertical supports 15 (point supports) give way. The vehicle 4 collapses and "falls into the pit" (see Fig. 2 ). In the process, the slab covering 13 driven over and the supporting structure 11 arranged below it along the path covered by the vehicle 4 are destroyed. The vehicle 4 breaks into the pit 5 as soon as it drives over the first row of panels 23.

Für den Fall, dass einzelne Platten 14 des Plattenbelags 13 unkontrolliert brechen und die Gefahr des Absturzes von Personen besteht, dient die Auffangebene 17 als Sekundärschutz. Diese Gitterrostebene trägt die Lasten einzelner Personen und verhindert deren Absturz. Die Tragfähigkeit der zweiten Tragebene 17 ist jedoch geringer als die Tragfähigkeit des Plattenbelags 13 und verhindert somit nicht den Absturz von Fahrzeugen.In the event that individual slabs 14 of the slab covering 13 break in an uncontrolled manner and there is a risk of people falling, the collecting plane 17 serves as secondary protection. This grating level bears the loads of individual people and prevents them from falling. However, the load-bearing capacity of the second supporting plane 17 is less than the load-bearing capacity of the paving 13 and thus does not prevent vehicles from falling.

Um ein Befahren des Zufahrtschutzes mit leichteren Fahrzeugen (bis 3,5 Tonnen Gesamtgewicht) mit verschiedenen Hintergründen wie beispielsweise böswillige Hintergründe, Falschfahrer, Einsatzfahrzeuge etc. und die damit verbundene Zerstörung der Grubenabdeckung zu verhindern, können als zusätzlicher Teil des Zufahrtschutzes auf den Verkehrsflächen 2, 3 außerhalb der Grube 5 Stahlpoller mit geringem Durchmesser (z.B. DN 105 mm) und entsprechender Verankerung vorgesehen sein.In order to prevent lighter vehicles (up to 3.5 tons total weight) from driving on the access protection with different backgrounds such as malicious backgrounds, wrong-way drivers, emergency vehicles etc. and the associated destruction of the pit cover, as an additional part of the access protection on traffic areas 2, 3 outside the pit 5 steel bollards with a small diameter (eg DN 105 mm) and appropriate anchoring can be provided.

Claims (6)

  1. Access protection (1) between at least two traffic surfaces (2, 3), the access protection (1) comprising a pit (5) and a pit cover (6), the pit (5) extending at least partly between the traffic surfaces (2, 3) and adjoining said surfaces, the pit cover (6) having a platform (10) arranged at ground level and a support structure (11) below the platform (10),
    the platform (10) being formed by a paving covering (13) laid on paving supports (12) and the paving supports (12) being formed by the support structure (11), characterized in that the pit cover (6) has a breaking load of between 200 kg and 1,000 kg,
    the breaking load of the pit cover (6) substantially corresponding to a breaking load of the paving covering (13) and/or
    the support structure (11) being formed by at least two, in particular at least three, perpendicular supports (15) and the breaking load of the pit cover (6) being substantially predetermined by the compressive strength of the vertical supports (15).
  2. Access protection (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the perpendicular supports (15) are point elevations at the corner points of the paving (14) of the paving covering (13).
  3. Access protection (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the perpendicular supports (15) rest on the floor of the pit.
  4. Access protection (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pit cover (6) additionally has a collecting plane (17) below the platform (10).
  5. Access protection (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the collecting plane (17) has a lower load-bearing capacity than the platform (10).
  6. Access protection (1) according to either claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the collecting plane (17) is mounted between the perpendicular supports (15).
EP19151673.1A 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection Active EP3680388B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19151673.1A EP3680388B1 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection
ES19151673T ES2902889T3 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 access protection
SI201930167T SI3680388T1 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection
DK19151673.1T DK3680388T3 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection
HUE19151673A HUE057311T2 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19151673.1A EP3680388B1 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3680388A1 EP3680388A1 (en) 2020-07-15
EP3680388B1 true EP3680388B1 (en) 2021-11-10

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ID=65023810

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19151673.1A Active EP3680388B1 (en) 2019-01-14 2019-01-14 Access protection

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EP (1) EP3680388B1 (en)
DK (1) DK3680388T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2902889T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE057311T2 (en)
SI (1) SI3680388T1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH203716A (en) * 1938-05-05 1939-03-31 Siebenthal Clement De Device for cutting off a communication route such as a road, a railway line.
US4554695A (en) * 1984-02-03 1985-11-26 Rowland W Ross Vehicular road block
US4647246A (en) 1985-04-03 1987-03-03 International Security Consultants Ltd. Vehicle trap
FR2586127B1 (en) * 1985-08-06 1987-11-13 Harhoura Georges PROTECTION DEVICE AGAINST TRAPPED VEHICLES OR INTEMPESTIVE INTRUSION
RU2284446C2 (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-09-27 Войсковая часть 44239 Pit-fall for ground transport
US7794172B2 (en) * 2006-10-24 2010-09-14 Gregory Robert Winkler Perimeter anti-ram system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUE057311T2 (en) 2022-05-28
DK3680388T3 (en) 2022-01-31
ES2902889T3 (en) 2022-03-30
SI3680388T1 (en) 2022-04-29
EP3680388A1 (en) 2020-07-15

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