EP3674506A1 - Élément support permettant de supporter un châssis de fenêtre - Google Patents

Élément support permettant de supporter un châssis de fenêtre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3674506A1
EP3674506A1 EP18215948.3A EP18215948A EP3674506A1 EP 3674506 A1 EP3674506 A1 EP 3674506A1 EP 18215948 A EP18215948 A EP 18215948A EP 3674506 A1 EP3674506 A1 EP 3674506A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support element
intumescent material
strip
layer
proportion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18215948.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3674506C0 (fr
EP3674506B1 (fr
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ISO Chemie GmbH
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ISO Chemie GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ISO Chemie GmbH filed Critical ISO Chemie GmbH
Priority to EP18215948.3A priority Critical patent/EP3674506B1/fr
Priority to PL18215948.3T priority patent/PL3674506T3/pl
Priority to US16/718,477 priority patent/US20200208400A1/en
Publication of EP3674506A1 publication Critical patent/EP3674506A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3674506C0 publication Critical patent/EP3674506C0/fr
Publication of EP3674506B1 publication Critical patent/EP3674506B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/003—Cavity wall closers; Fastening door or window frames in cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/943—Building elements specially adapted therefor elongated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/7641—Elements for window or door openings, or for corners of the building
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/945—Load-supporting structures specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
    • E06B1/60—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames by mechanical means, e.g. anchoring means
    • E06B1/6015—Anchoring means
    • E06B1/6023—Anchoring means completely hidden between the frame and the border of the opening, at least part of the means being previously fixed to the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/02—Base frames, i.e. template frames for openings in walls or the like, provided with means for securing a further rigidly-mounted frame; Special adaptations of frames to be fixed therein

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a strip-shaped support element for supporting a window frame, in particular a pre-wall mounting frame.
  • the invention also relates to a section of a building or a building which has at least one support element according to the invention, and the use of the support element for fire-retarding a building, e.g. as a fire barrier or to prevent the spread of flames and / or flue gas upwards along the building facade or in / on a composite thermal insulation system and / or to reduce the temperature rise on a side of the support element facing away from a fire.
  • a support element for fire-retarding a building, e.g. as a fire barrier or to prevent the spread of flames and / or flue gas upwards along the building facade or in / on a composite thermal insulation system and / or to reduce the temperature rise on a side of the support element facing away from a fire.
  • Supporting elements for supporting a window frame have been used in connection with thermal insulation composite systems for several years in order to artificially extend a wall opening for a window to the outside.
  • a support part made of load-bearing rigid foam is screwed to the side of the wall and serves, in particular on the underside, to support the window frame to be used.
  • a front wall forms an intermediate space with the inner wall, in which the support element is arranged.
  • the load-bearing support element with a more or less triangular cross section can be supplemented by an insulating part which, for example, consists of hard soft foam and together with the support element forms a two-part body with a preferably cuboid cross section.
  • EP 2 899 353 A1 provides a support element that enables particularly easy transport and installation.
  • ETICS thermal insulation composite systems
  • EPS expanded polystyrene rigid foam
  • XPS extruded polystyrene rigid foam
  • WO 2017/077069 describes a functional material which has a thermosetting material such as PUR / PIR or phenolic rigid foam, a binding material for binding the thermosetting material and an additive which is intended to improve the fire behavior, for example expandable graphite.
  • This material is to be used, for example, as a thermal insulation element for ETICS, facade insulation or roof insulation, especially as a panel.
  • a coating or Impregnation of flammable thermal insulation elements and other construction parts, for example sealing tape, with flame retardants is also known in the prior art, see for example EP 3 363 959 A1 , EP 2 963 198 A1 , DE 20 017 102 227 U1 , EP 0 902 062 A1 .
  • Fire protection bars for example made of metal, mineral wool or polymeric materials, are already known in the prior art, the use of which in thermal insulation is intended to prevent the risk of fire flashing to one of the next higher floors.
  • EP 2 088 253 A. shows a fire protection bolt element made of polyurethane foam (PUR foam) and or polyisocyanurate foam (PIR foam) with a homogeneous bulk density between 26 and 80 kg / m 3 .
  • Fire protection bolts are prescribed, for example, in Germany in high-rise buildings every two floors, in other countries sometimes also on every floor.
  • the present invention has for its object to fire protection of other structural elements of buildings, e.g. of pre-wall mounting frames, to improve or to contribute to fire protection, in particular in the context of fire protection bars, with the help of such elements that are already used.
  • the intumescent material can be at least 10 mm thick and preferably expandable graphite in a proportion of 5-20%, preferably 5-15% or 7-10%. Unless otherwise stated, percentages are within the scope of the present invention always defined as mass / mass.
  • Expandable graphite also called expandable graphite, can be produced from the naturally occurring mineral graphite.
  • a graphite flake consists of layers of honeycomb carbon atoms. The atoms within the layers are very tightly bound by covalent bonds. There are only weak binding forces between the layers, so that molecules can be embedded between the graphite layers. The inclusion of acids, usually sulfuric acid, converts graphite to expanded graphite.
  • the particle size can be between 80% ⁇ 75 m and 80%> 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the expandable graphite used according to the invention is generally more than 60% at least 100 ⁇ m or at least 500 ⁇ m, preferably the average particle sizes are 500-1500 ⁇ m.
  • Large grain sizes (300-1500 ⁇ m) are therefore mainly used when a large volume is to be foamed.
  • the particle size can e.g. can be determined with a sieve analysis according to DIN 66165.
  • the start temperature of the expansion is at least 140 ° C, preferably at least 160 ° C, at least 170 ° C or at least 180 ° C.
  • the starting temperature of the expansion and the rate of expansion can be influenced by the fineness of the graphite.
  • the expandable graphite When exposed to heat, the expandable graphite expands and forms an intumescent layer on the material surface. This slows down the spread of fire and counteracts the most dangerous consequences of fire, the formation of toxic gases and smoke.
  • the proportion of expandable graphite is preferably 5-10%, which is sufficient for the fire-retardant effect. If the proportion of expandable graphite is too large, other effects that are negative for the desired products come into play, e.g. the high thermal conductivity of graphite ( ⁇ ztk 2012, highly filled graphite-polymer compounds for use in thermal management, thesis TU Darmstadt).
  • expandable graphite according to the invention has, in addition to the characteristics useful for fire protection, also other advantages, for example materials produced therewith dust during processing, e.g. with saws, less. Materials according to the invention can therefore also be used to minimize the formation of dust during processing.
  • the intumescent material can be sodium and / or potassium silicate in a proportion of 10-30%, preferably 10-20%.
  • Such water glass can be produced from a melt by solidification. Particles, e.g. in a particle size of about 0.1-5 mm, e.g. at 1 mm on average, can be embedded according to the invention in order to achieve the advantages of the invention.
  • the support element further comprises at least one polymer, preferably thermoset.
  • a support element with rigid foam has particularly good mechanical and thermal insulation properties, e.g. Rigid PUR foam, preferably rigid polyurethane / polyisocyanurate foam, rigid PIT foam or rigid phenolic foam.
  • the support element has crushed PUR and / or PIR rigid foam and / or crushed phenolic rigid foam, which is bound by a binding material, e.g. at least when exposed to temperature, preferably also at room temperature (25 ° C.) liquid or pasty PUR and / or PIR.
  • a binding material e.g. at least when exposed to temperature, preferably also at room temperature (25 ° C.) liquid or pasty PUR and / or PIR.
  • the particle size of the intumescent material is preferably 0.1-2 times the size of the crushed hard foam particles, ideally approximately the same size, in order to ensure good miscibility.
  • Fiber materials e.g. mineral fibers or non-mineral fibers, such as carbon fibers, before they are introduced into the starting material.
  • the starting material is pressed in a pressing direction P.
  • the starting material which comprises, for example, expanded graphite, is preferably pressed in a pressing direction P to a bulk density of 500-600 kg / m 3 .
  • the support element essentially consists of the polymer, for example a rigid PUR / PIR foam as described herein.
  • the proportion of the polymer can be, for example, 40-97%, when combined with expandable graphite, for example, 70-97%, preferably 80-95% or 90-95%. Since recycled as shredded thermoset material Thermal insulation boards can be used, impurities can be introduced, for example, foil material applied to these boards, such as aluminum.
  • the support element is preferably halogen-free.
  • the proportion of the binding material is usually a maximum of 20%, and the proportion of the crushed rigid foam is usually approx. 60-75%.
  • Plates created by the pressing process can be cut into strip-shaped support elements, the production of L-shaped support elements e.g. by milling or by connecting a wider and a narrower element.
  • the support element consists of an essentially homogeneous material, ie the intumescent material is not only introduced in one or more layers, but continuously, so that essentially all or all of the support element consists of the mixture with the intumescent material.
  • the support element can consist of a polymer, in particular based on PUR or PUR / PIR, such as a rigid polyurethane foam with expandable graphite (for example 5-10%), which can be produced by pressing a starting material, using expandable graphite flakes in a polyurethane matrix be pressed in a pressing direction P to a bulk density of 500-600 kg / m 3 .
  • the support element consists of crushed rigid PU and / or PIR foam, which is bound by a binding material, for example liquid or pasty PUR and / or PIR.
  • a binding material for example liquid or pasty PUR and / or PIR.
  • these components, together with the intumescent material, for example expanded graphite, are subjected to pressure and optionally elevated temperature in a pressing direction P.
  • the bulk density of the material is, for example, 300-1000 kg / m 3 , 500-600 kg / m 3 , or about 550 kg / m 3 .
  • the material used according to the invention preferably has a fire behavior in accordance with at least one fire reaction class C in accordance with DIN EN 13501-1 and / or in accordance with at least one building material class B1 in accordance with DIN 4102-1 and is therefore considered to be flame retardant.
  • the support element therefore comprises intumescent material with a thickness of at least 10 mm on at least one surface, optionally on all surfaces. This is advantageously essentially in the entire plane or in the entire plane of the latter Surface available.
  • the intumescent material or the particles of intumescent material are distributed essentially homogeneously at least within this thickness.
  • the intumescent material is not coated on the surface of the support element, but is embedded in the matrix of the support element.
  • At least one layer parallel to the second side surface of the support element comprises the intumescent material, preferably the second side surface of the support element.
  • the second longitudinal side surface of the support element runs essentially perpendicular to the first side surface, which can be used to abut a wall.
  • the second side surface can serve to support a window frame.
  • the longitudinal direction is defined by the longest dimension of the strip-shaped element.
  • the strip-shaped element can be present without connection to other elements, but it can also already be installed, e.g. in a building section, for example as a pre-wall installation frame, for example for a window or a door.
  • the second side surface of the support element When installed as a frame, for example as a pre-wall mounting frame, the second side surface of the support element forms the inside of the frame facing the window frame. The surface of this side surface is therefore particularly exposed to the flames in the event of a fire, in particular above the window opening, from which flames can blow out in the event of a fire.
  • a fire-retardant or flame-retardant surface according to the invention at this point which by the intumescent effect of the material, e.g. the expansion of the expandable graphite occurs, the flames can spread to material located above the window opening, e.g. flammable insulating material of a thermal insulation composite system, prevent or at least significantly delay. Even in the event of a fire that spreads within the thermal insulation composite system, a support element according to the invention thus provides an effective barrier which can prevent further spreading upwards or significantly delay it.
  • the expansion of the expanded graphite also effectively prevents, on the side facing the window frame, that a sealing tape generally applied between the frame and the window frame can have a fire-promoting effect. Possibly. Any gaps that arise are sealed by the expansion.
  • a layer parallel to the second side surface of the support element comprises the intumescent material, which is not the second side surface, then it is the side facing away from the window opening in the installed state, i.e., for example the underside of a frame, which is also an effective horizontal barrier against the spread of fire in or on a building.
  • joints that can lie between the frame and an optional pretext in the building. Flammable insulating materials located between the wall and the front wall can ignite quickly in the event of a fire, and if no further structural measures have been taken, the fire can spread very quickly upwards in this space. E.g. Due to different distances between the wall and the front wall or to ensure ventilation of the front wall, there are often gaps in the building between the frame and the front wall, which are often several centimeters wide, e.g. 10-200 mm. According to the invention, a vertical spread of fires through these joints can be prevented or at least significantly delayed. Penetration of smoke through such joints can also be minimized.
  • the support element can comprise intumescent material on at least one surface, which is a third longitudinally extending side surface which adjoins the second side surface on the side opposite the first side surface.
  • the third side surface preferably runs parallel to the first side surface, e.g. with an L-shape of the support element.
  • This side can thus face a pretext when installed.
  • essentially all surfaces (for example at least 90% of the area) or all surfaces of the support element have the intumescent material.
  • the first side surface which can be used to abut a wall, has no intumescent material, since the wall generally does not consist of a combustible material.
  • the intumescent material can have a thickness of at least 10 mm, for example a thickness of 11-50 mm, 12-40 mm, 15-30 mm, or 10-20 mm. Then the proportion of expandable graphite is preferably between 5 and 20%.
  • the intumescent material can have a thickness of between 0.25 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, more preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm.
  • the proportion of expandable graphite is between 20 and 70%, preferably between 30 and 60%.
  • At least all surfaces of the support element except the first side surface or all surfaces of the support element comprise the intumescent material.
  • the support element can therefore have a layered construction.
  • the support element comprises at least one layer which has a load-bearing capacity which exceeds the load-bearing capacity of the material on the surface which comprises the intumescent material.
  • Such an internal layer with high load-bearing capacity can e.g. have a compressive stress at 10% compression according to DIN EN 826 of 2 to 15 MPa, preferably 4 to 8 MPa or particularly preferably 6 to 8 MPa.
  • It can e.g. Fiber material, such as carbon fibers and / or glass fibers. Otherwise, carbon fibers lose significantly in the event of a fire, which can be prevented according to the invention.
  • the inner material can have essentially the same load-bearing capacity as the outer material.
  • the inner material consists of the same material as the outer layer (s), except for the intumescent material. In this case, the layer structure leads above all to a reduction in costs, since less intumescent material has to be used.
  • a layer structure can be made by connecting (e.g. gluing, screwing) different layers.
  • it is also possible to produce a layer structure by, for example, different layers of crushed PUR and / or PIR rigid foam, each outside in the presence and inside in the absence of intumescent material (e.g. expanded graphite) with a binding material, e.g. liquid or pasty PUR and / or PIR and pressurized and optionally elevated temperature during production in a pressing direction P that is perpendicular to the direction of the layers.
  • the outer layers have intumescent material a thickness of at least 10 mm. Supporting elements according to the invention can be produced from plates produced in this way.
  • the support element is made of a load-bearing material, i.e. it has a load-bearing capacity or compressive strength which is at least sufficient to support a window.
  • the compressive stress at 10% compression according to DIN EN 826 is preferably 2 to 15 MPa, in particular 4 to 8 MPa or 6 to 8 MPa.
  • the pressing direction P in the production of the raw material for the support element has, as the inventors have determined, an influence on the structure of the raw material and thus also on the properties of the support element in the event of a fire. Due to the manufacturing process, different orientations are possible both with support elements made of a homogeneous material and with layer constructions.
  • the support element can be designed such that the pressing direction P relevant during production is oriented perpendicular to the first side surface of the support element or that the pressing direction P relevant during production is oriented perpendicular to the second side surface of the supporting element.
  • the expansion of the intumescent material on a surface perpendicular to the pressing direction P causes a greater expansion in the event of fire than on a surface parallel to the pressing direction P.
  • the expansion of expanded graphite on a surface perpendicular to the pressing direction P causes Flame after 30 min, as described here, expansion of expanded graphite from an approximately 1 cm thick layer on the surface, which leads to the formation of an approximately 8 cm thick insulation layer with expanded graphite.
  • expansion of expandable graphite on a surface parallel to the pressing direction P when exposed to flame after 30 min, as described herein leads to expansion of expandable graphite from an approx. 1 cm thick layer on the surface, which leads to the formation of an approx. 4 cm thick insulation layer with expanded graphite.
  • the support element is therefore preferably designed such that the pressing direction P is oriented perpendicular to the second side surface of the support element.
  • the support element can in particular comprise rigid polyurethane foam, preferably with 5-10% expanded graphite, which can be produced by pressing a starting material in which expanded graphite flakes in a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate matrix in a pressing direction P to a bulk density of 500-600 kg / m 3 are pressed, the pressing direction P perpendicular is aligned with the second side surface of the support element.
  • a particularly thick insulating layer made of expanded graphite forms on the surfaces of the support element, which are particularly important for fire protection, in particular preventing the spread of flames, which are aligned parallel to the second surface of the support element, as described herein. This prevents burnout or at least significantly delays it.
  • An alternative embodiment is the application of a thin outer layer with intumescent material in a thickness of between 0.25 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, more preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm, on a surface of the support element .
  • the outer layer is attached to the layer without intumescent material, preferably glued.
  • the outer layer is preferably in strip form.
  • the outer layer can, but does not have to, cover the entire surface of this side of the support element.
  • the intumescent material must comprise expandable graphite in a proportion of 20 to 70%, preferably 30 to 60%.
  • the support element according to the invention itself has a good thermal insulation effect, it can be used without additional insulation.
  • the support element according to the invention is preferably used together with an insulating part which can be connected to the support element in order to improve the heat insulation capacity.
  • the insulating part is preferably made of foam or mineral wool, preferably hard rigid foam. This foam should preferably be self-supporting. Thermal insulation materials such as polystyrene, Styrodur, Styropor, Styrofoam or Neopur are suitable as materials.
  • the insulating part can be made of soft foam, for example hard soft foam.
  • At least one through hole for receiving a fastening element for fastening the support element to the wall can already be provided through a first leg of the support element running from the inner side surface to the first side surface. In this way, the craftsman is spared the step of creating the through hole at the construction site.
  • a geometry which is particularly preferred in the context of the invention is given when the support element is essentially L-shaped in cross section. This ensures that inclined surfaces on the support element are avoided, which complicate the handling when creating through holes or when inserting fasteners into the through holes.
  • the support element can also be essentially T-shaped in cross section, or can be cuboid.
  • the second leg usually has the second side surface, and the first and the second side surface likewise intersect at the same angle at which the second leg projects from the first leg. This applies in particular to the design of the support element with an L-shaped cross section.
  • first leg it is also possible for the first leg to also have the second side surface, which is then arranged adjacent to the first side surface.
  • This configuration is inevitable for the support element with a T-shaped cross section, but can also be present for the support element with an L-shaped cross section.
  • the invention provides a frame, for example a pre-wall mounting frame, which comprises support elements according to the invention, each of which has a surface which comprises intumescent material.
  • the frame can be part of a building section.
  • the invention also relates to a structural section with a wall, at least one support element according to the invention arranged laterally from the wall, which is fastened to the wall by means of at least one fastening element, so that the first side surface of the support element lies against the wall, and a window frame, which is at least partially is supported on the second side surface of the support element.
  • a building section equipped with support elements according to the invention comprises a wall, a front wall and an intermediate space arranged between wall and front wall.
  • the support elements according to the invention are generally in the space between the wall and pretext arranged and fastened to the wall by means of fastening elements.
  • a window frame is arranged adjacent to the intermediate space and lies against the second side surfaces of the support elements.
  • a thermal insulation layer attached to the wall can be provided, which has an opening for a window. The support element then projects into this thermal insulation layer.
  • the section of the building can have a composite thermal insulation system, a ventilated facade or a double-layer masonry.
  • the support elements according to the invention are spaced from one another, a fire-retardant layer being introduced horizontally between the support elements, the layer being able to comprise mineral wool or another flame-retardant material.
  • Such fire protection bars can e.g. be formed on every floor or on every second floor of the building.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a strip-shaped support element or structural section according to the invention for fire-retarding a building.
  • this use serves to prevent or at least significantly delay the spread of flames and / or flue gas upwards, in particular in composite thermal insulation systems, a ventilated facade or double-layer masonry.
  • Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the support element according to the invention for supporting a window frame is shown.
  • the support element 2 is angular in cross section.
  • An insulating part 4 which is cuboid in cross section can be connected to the support element 2.
  • the insulating part 4 can also be configured differently or can be omitted entirely.
  • the support element 2 extends primarily in a longitudinal direction.
  • the length of a support element 2 in the longitudinal direction can be chosen freely and is preferably between 10 and 150 cm.
  • the support element 2 can be formed in one piece or consist of two sections which are firmly connected to one another. In the embodiment shown, the support element 2 has an L-shaped cross section. The shape of the support element 2 can also be cuboid or have a beveled surface.
  • the support element 2 is formed from a load-bearing material which is suitable for carrying the load of the window frame without being deformed in the process.
  • the material of the support element 2 has a compressive stress at 10% compression according to DIN EN 826 in the range from 2 to 15 MPa, in particular in the range from 4 to 8 MPa.
  • the bulk density of the material should be in the range from 100 to 1,200 kg / m 3 , preferably between 350 to 800 kg / m 3 .
  • the thermal conductivity of the rigid foam material should be in the range from 0.05 to 0.2 W / mK, preferably in the range from 0.06 to 0.15 W / mK.
  • the material is dimensionally stable and stable under the load of the window.
  • the first side surface 6 and the second side surface 12 abut one another along an edge and likewise intersect at the same angle as the two legs 10, 16, here at 90 °.
  • the second side surface 12 and the third side surface 45 also abut along an edge and intersect at an angle of 90 ° in the preferred embodiment shown.
  • first leg 10 one or preferably a plurality of through bores 18 can be provided which allow one or more fastening elements 20 ( Fig. 2 ), for example screws.
  • Each through hole 18 thus runs through the first leg 10 of the support element 2 from an inner side surface 22 that of the first Side surface 6 is opposite to the first side surface 6.
  • each fastening element 20 serves to fasten the support element 2 to the wall 8.
  • the insulating part 4 is pivotally connected to an outer edge region of the first leg 10 of the support element 2. It can also be pivotally connected to an outer edge region of the second leg 16 of the support element 2.
  • Fig. 1 An insulating position of the insulating part 4 is shown above, in which the insulating part 4 at least largely covers the inner side surface 22 of the first leg 10 of the support element 2, in the present case even completely.
  • the insulating part 4 is preferably in contact with both the first leg 10 and the second leg 16 of the support element 2. It is particularly preferred if the support element 2 and the insulating part 4 complement one another to form a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
  • the combination of support element 2 and insulating part 4 is preferably also transported in this insulating position.
  • the pivotable connection between the insulating part 4 and the support element 2 is preferably formed by a flexible adhesive strip 24, which is attached to both the insulating part 4 and the support element 2 is glued.
  • the adhesive strip 24 is formed in a straight overlap of an abutting edge between the support element 2 and the insulating part 4.
  • many other arrangements of the adhesive strip 24 are also possible.
  • the insulating part 4 and the support element 2 could be connected to one another via another elastic element, the insulating part 4 could also be laminated directly to the support element 2 over a small area, or another mechanical pivot connection could be realized between the insulating part 4 and the support element 2.
  • the releasable adhesive connection between the insulating part 4 and the support element 2 is logically present between the insulating part 4 and the first leg 10 of the support element 2.
  • the pivotable connection between the insulating part 4 and the support element 2 can also be the only connection between these two components.
  • the insulating part 4 should then remain in the insulating position without external influence, for example by detachably wedging between the inside of the supporting element 2 perpendicular to the inner side surface 22 and the pivot connection due to a suitable choice of the size and shape of the supporting element 2 and the insulating part 4.
  • the insulating part 4 can also be configured in such a way that the surface of the insulating part 4 which is arranged adjacent to the inner side surface 22 of the support element 2 provides sufficient space for the portions of the fastening elements 20 which may protrude from the inner side surface 22 (not shown in the drawing).
  • the installation situation of a support element 2 according to the invention is outlined, the orientation of the support element 2 representing the installation situation below the window opening.
  • the support element 2 must be rotated accordingly.
  • the structural section 28 shown usually also comprises a pretext 30, which is generally formed by a thermal insulation material.
  • This front wall 30 is ventilated and the support element 2 according to the invention is arranged in the space 32 between wall 8 and front wall 30.
  • the pretext 30 is generally connected to the wall 8 by means of webs, projections or pins.
  • the window frame 34 is usually arranged adjacent to the intermediate space 32 and is supported on the second side surface 12 of the support element 2.
  • sealing elements 36 for example made of PUR foam
  • sealing elements 38 can be arranged between window frames 34 and a protrusion of the front wall 30 that projects beyond the height of the support element 2.
  • the strip-shaped support elements are usually arranged around the entire window opening. However, one or more support elements can also be attached only below the window opening, since the main weight load of the window rests there.
  • the one or more support elements on the underside of the window opening will usually be connected to the wall 8 by means of screws or the like.
  • an adhesive connection between the support element 2 and the wall 8 may also be sufficient.
  • the adhesive connection can also be advantageous in addition for fastening by means of the fastening elements 20.
  • the adhesive can preferably also serve as a diffusion brake at the same time.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3a corresponds to the support element Fig. 1 with the difference that there is no insulating part. It is consistently provided with intumescent material. An insulating part is also missing in the further described embodiments, but it could also be present there in each case.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3b corresponds to the support element Fig. 3a with the difference that it is not L-shaped in cross section, but wedge-shaped with a bevel on a side facing away from the first side surface 6.
  • the shape of the bevel can be varied as required. It is also conceivable that the support element 2 is cuboid in cross section.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3c corresponds to the support element Fig. 3a with the difference that not the entire support element is provided with intumescent material, but only a layer 47 with intumescent material is provided on the second side surface 12.
  • the remaining layer 46 has no intumescent material. It is preferred here that the layer 47 is at least 10 mm thick. If the intumescent material is expandable graphite, it is preferred that it is present in layer 47 in a proportion of 5-20%. With this configuration, a particularly strong expansion of the intumescent material in the event of a fire is guaranteed upwards in the direction of the window frame.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3d corresponds to the support element Fig. 3c with the difference that the layer 47 with intumescent material is arranged on the third side surface 45 which faces away from the first side surface 6. Otherwise, the same parameters apply to layer 47 as for Fig. 3c described. With this configuration, a particularly strong expansion of the intumescent material in the event of fire is guaranteed to the side (in the picture to the right) in the direction of the pretext.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3e corresponds to the support element Fig. 3c with the difference that a further layer 47 with intumescent material is arranged on the side that faces away from the second side surface 12.
  • the strip-shaped layer 47 with intumescent material in 3f is fabric-like, foil-like or paper-like. In the original state, layer 47 is preferably in the form of rolls before, which is unwound and glued to the layer 46. When designing after 3f particularly strong expansion of the intumescent material in the event of a fire is guaranteed in the direction of the window frame.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3g corresponds to the support element 3f with the difference that the layer 47 with intumescent material is arranged on the third side surface 45 which faces away from the first side surface 6. Otherwise, the same parameters apply to layer 47 as for 3f described. With this configuration, a particularly strong expansion of the intumescent material in the event of fire is guaranteed to the side (in the picture to the right) in the direction of the pretext.
  • the support element 2 from Fig. 3h corresponds to the support element 3f with the difference that the layer 47 with intumescent material covers only a part of the second side surface 12.
  • Layer 47 of the embodiment of FIG Fig. 3d is also made with the layers 47 of the embodiment Fig. 3c or 3e combinable.
  • the thin layer 47 of the embodiment of FIG Fig. 3g is also made with the thin layer 47 of the embodiment 3f or 3h combinable.
  • different thin layers 47 can be combined with different thick layers 47.
  • the thin layer 47 can be made of Fig. 3g with the thick layer 47 Fig. 3c be combined.
  • all side surfaces or any selection of side surfaces can be covered entirely or partially with a layer 47 with intumescent material.
  • one or more layers 47 can also extend only over part of the respective side surface.
  • Example 1A Support element with water glass
  • the inert sodium or potassium silicate (10-20%) is mixed with the base material, for example a rigid PUR foam or a rigid PUR / PIR foam and optionally one or more additives, for example a hardener, to form a homogeneous mass.
  • the mixture is pressed in a mold and hardened by heat. Plates can be cut and processed into strip-shaped support elements according to the invention.
  • Example 1B Expandable graphite support element
  • a maximum particle size of approx. 5 mm, preferably approx. 1 mm, of crushed PUR and / or PIR rigid foam, which comes from production residues and / or recycling material, for example old insulation boards, is 5-10%, preferably 7.5% Expandable graphite (average particle size approx. 1 mm) and PUR-based binding material in a proportion of 1: 5, calculated on the mass of the shredded rigid foam, for example in liquid form, mixed.
  • the mixture is placed in a plate mold and subjected to temperature and pressure in a pressing direction P perpendicular to the surface of the plates, so that a rigid foam material with a bulk density of approx. 550 kg / m 3 is produced.
  • the thickness of the plates is preferably 2-7 cm.
  • shredded hard foam parts, expanded graphite flakes and binding material can be added alternately in layers (e.g. by sprinkling) and then pressed.
  • Hardened plates produced by the pressing process are cut into strip-shaped parts, and L-shaped support elements 2 according to Fig. 3a are produced by connecting a wider and a narrower element, the pressing direction P for both elements preferably being perpendicular to the second surface 12, which is suitable for supporting the window frame 24 (see Fig. 1 ).
  • the connection is made by gluing and / or mechanical fastening using nails, screws or metal clips.
  • Example 1C Support element with expanded graphite-containing layer
  • the upper layer 47 of the plate produced (ie a surface perpendicular to the pressing direction P) with a thickness of at least 10 mm, preferably 15 mm, with expanded graphite, the rest of the support element not being expanded with expanded graphite.
  • the strip-shaped support elements are produced as described in Example 1B.
  • support elements 2 according to the invention made of PUR / PIR rigid foam with expanded graphite, produced according to Example 1B, with 30 mm or 50 mm thickness at 180 ° C. were flamed (see structure Fig. 5d ) and the temperature increases measured on the opposite side after 5, 15 and 25 min compared to corresponding rigid foam without expandable graphite.
  • Table 1 30 mm, area Material without expandable graphite Expandable graphite material Measuring point 3.29 4.03 4.10 4.14 3.01 3.07 3.08 3.14 5 min 1 0 1 0 1 1 7 15 minutes 15 23 26 2nd 22 21 24th 29 25 min 52 52 52 20 43 43 48 53
  • Table 2 30mm on impact without expandable graphite with expanded graphite Measuring point 3.32 4.07 3.04 3.11 5 min 4th 2nd 2nd 10th 15 minutes 30th 32 17th 35 25 min 117 158 45 56
  • Table 3 50mm, area Material without expandable graphite Expandable graphite material Measuring point 4.11 4.17 4.18 4.24 3.15 3.21 3.22 3.28 5 min 0 0 0 0 0 0 3rd 3rd 15 minutes 1 3rd 2nd 2nd 3rd 4th 4th 25 min 11 11 17th 11 9 9 12th 12th
  • Table 4 50mm on impact without expandable graphite with expanded graphite Measuring point 4.14 4.21 3.18
  • 4a and 4b show from one side (in the picture above) for 30 min flamed support elements according to the invention with homogeneously distributed expanded graphite with an original thickness of 3 cm. 1 cm of the material used according to the invention becomes approximately 8 cm of graphite layer.
  • FIG. 5a to 5c show views of the flamed side of support elements according to the invention with homogeneously distributed expanded graphite with an expanded graphite layer on the flamed side.
  • the arrows point to the joints of neighboring components.
  • Fig. 5d shows the structure of the flame experiments.
  • the arrows indicate the direction of flame exposure in various experiments.
  • the expanded graphite layer protrudes clearly above the level of the concrete elements between the support elements, while the element was flush with it before flame treatment (in particular Fig. 5b ).
  • Fig. 6a a part of a 30 mm thick support element, sawn from one side after flame exposure for 30 minutes, is shown on the left, in which the pressing direction P, indicated by the arrow, runs horizontally.
  • the expansion in the direction of the pressing direction P is approximately twice as large (approx. 8 cm) as the expansion on the side perpendicular to the pressing direction, here the side exposed to the flames on the right (approx. 4 cm).
  • Fig. 6b shows the sample rotated by 90 ° C. It was thus found that the expansion of the intumescent material on a surface perpendicular to the pressing direction P causes a greater expansion in the event of fire than on a surface parallel to the pressing direction P.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP18215948.3A 2018-12-31 2018-12-31 Élément support permettant de supporter un châssis de fenêtre Active EP3674506B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18215948.3A EP3674506B1 (fr) 2018-12-31 2018-12-31 Élément support permettant de supporter un châssis de fenêtre
PL18215948.3T PL3674506T3 (pl) 2018-12-31 2018-12-31 Element wsporczy do podparcia ościeżnicy okiennej
US16/718,477 US20200208400A1 (en) 2018-12-31 2019-12-18 Support Element for Supporting a Window Frame

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18215948.3A EP3674506B1 (fr) 2018-12-31 2018-12-31 Élément support permettant de supporter un châssis de fenêtre

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EP3674506A1 true EP3674506A1 (fr) 2020-07-01
EP3674506C0 EP3674506C0 (fr) 2024-04-10
EP3674506B1 EP3674506B1 (fr) 2024-04-10

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Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0902062A1 (fr) 1997-09-11 1999-03-17 Clariant GmbH Revêtement intumescent stable en climat tropical
EP2071092A2 (fr) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-17 Sunpor Kunststoff GmbH Verrou anti-incendie et composant formé à l'aide de celui-ci
EP2088253A2 (fr) 2008-02-07 2009-08-12 puren GmbH Elément de verrou ignifuge
DE202012103609U1 (de) 2012-09-20 2012-10-29 Kammerer Gmbh Fassadendämmplatte und Form zu ihrer Herstellung
EP2639394A2 (fr) 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 Tremco illbruck Produktion GmbH Bande pour bordure de mur, entourage de fenêtre et structure de mur dotée de bandes pour bordure de mur
DE202013000686U1 (de) * 2013-01-23 2014-04-24 Bosig Gmbh Konsole zur Vorwandmontage eines Fensterrahmens
EP2746479A1 (fr) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 STO SE & Co. KGaA Plaque d'isolation thermique pour un système composite d'isolation thermique, système composite d'isolation thermique
EP2899353A1 (fr) 2014-01-24 2015-07-29 ISO-Chemie GmbH Élément de support et d'isolation en forme de bande pour le support et l'isolation d'un cadre de fenêtre
EP2963198A1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2016-01-06 NAPORO Klima Dämmstoff GmbH Procédé de fabrication de plaques ignifuges en matériau isolant
WO2017077069A1 (fr) 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Puren Gmbh Matériau fonctionnel contenant au moins un additif
WO2017099614A1 (fr) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 Ergo Plus Polska Profilé de montage d'isolation et procédé de fabrication de profilés de montage d'isolation
EP3363959A1 (fr) 2017-02-17 2018-08-22 Schillings GmbH & Co. KG Revêtement ignifuge

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0902062A1 (fr) 1997-09-11 1999-03-17 Clariant GmbH Revêtement intumescent stable en climat tropical
EP2071092A2 (fr) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-17 Sunpor Kunststoff GmbH Verrou anti-incendie et composant formé à l'aide de celui-ci
EP2088253A2 (fr) 2008-02-07 2009-08-12 puren GmbH Elément de verrou ignifuge
EP2639394A2 (fr) 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 Tremco illbruck Produktion GmbH Bande pour bordure de mur, entourage de fenêtre et structure de mur dotée de bandes pour bordure de mur
DE202012103609U1 (de) 2012-09-20 2012-10-29 Kammerer Gmbh Fassadendämmplatte und Form zu ihrer Herstellung
EP2746479A1 (fr) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 STO SE & Co. KGaA Plaque d'isolation thermique pour un système composite d'isolation thermique, système composite d'isolation thermique
DE202013000686U1 (de) * 2013-01-23 2014-04-24 Bosig Gmbh Konsole zur Vorwandmontage eines Fensterrahmens
EP2899353A1 (fr) 2014-01-24 2015-07-29 ISO-Chemie GmbH Élément de support et d'isolation en forme de bande pour le support et l'isolation d'un cadre de fenêtre
EP2963198A1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2016-01-06 NAPORO Klima Dämmstoff GmbH Procédé de fabrication de plaques ignifuges en matériau isolant
WO2017077069A1 (fr) 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Puren Gmbh Matériau fonctionnel contenant au moins un additif
WO2017099614A1 (fr) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 Ergo Plus Polska Profilé de montage d'isolation et procédé de fabrication de profilés de montage d'isolation
EP3363959A1 (fr) 2017-02-17 2018-08-22 Schillings GmbH & Co. KG Revêtement ignifuge

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ÖZTÜRK: "Hochgefüllte Graphit-Polymer-Compounds für Einsätze im Wärmemanagement", DISSERTATION TU, 2012
VIJAY J. BHAGAT: "Behaviour of expandable graphite as a flameretardant in flexible polyurethane foam", 10 May 2001, POLYURETHANE FOAM ASSOCIATION (PFA

Also Published As

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EP3674506C0 (fr) 2024-04-10
US20200208400A1 (en) 2020-07-02
EP3674506B1 (fr) 2024-04-10
PL3674506T3 (pl) 2024-07-01

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