EP3669989A1 - Appareil pour le broyage de solides - Google Patents

Appareil pour le broyage de solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3669989A1
EP3669989A1 EP19210045.1A EP19210045A EP3669989A1 EP 3669989 A1 EP3669989 A1 EP 3669989A1 EP 19210045 A EP19210045 A EP 19210045A EP 3669989 A1 EP3669989 A1 EP 3669989A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
rotor
wall
wall segments
chains
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19210045.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3669989C0 (fr
EP3669989B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Duspiva
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technik Management GmbH
Original Assignee
Technik Management GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technik Management GmbH filed Critical Technik Management GmbH
Publication of EP3669989A1 publication Critical patent/EP3669989A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3669989C0 publication Critical patent/EP3669989C0/fr
Publication of EP3669989B1 publication Critical patent/EP3669989B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/16—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters hinged to the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B02C2013/2816—Shape or construction of beater elements of chain, rope or cable type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for crushing solids according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • waste Before waste can be adequately recycled, it has to be shredded in order to separate recyclable solids and to prepare the non-recyclable waste for incineration or landfill.
  • Devices that work according to the cross-flow principle have proven particularly useful for comminuting the solids, since they offer a high degree of comminution with a comparatively low power input.
  • a device that works on the cross-flow principle is for example from the DE 202004007482 U1 known.
  • the grinding chamber of the device comprises a grinding chamber wall which has individual, straight side parts which are arranged at an angle to one another.
  • detachable outlet openings are provided, through which comminuted material is ejected, which has a smaller particle size than the desired material particle size, which is defined by the width of the outlet openings.
  • the desired material particle size can be adjusted by exchanging the outlet openings.
  • the device has a housing which is cylindrical and has a wall. In the operating position of the device, the housing has a feed opening in the upper region, through which solids can be fed into the housing. In the area of the wall, which extends in the operating position of the device in the lower part of the housing, a rotatably mounted rotor is formed.
  • the rotor can be driven by a motor via belt drives in order to shred the solids fed into the housing.
  • the rotor is formed by a hub and chains attached to the hub. When the rotor is driven, the chains extend in the direction of the wall due to the centrifugal force and shred the solids fed into the housing.
  • the comminuted solids are removed from the housing via a discharge opening formed in the housing and used for further use.
  • the wall and the rotor are usually made of high-strength steel in order to keep wear to a minimum.
  • a high wear occurs in the area of the wall.
  • the inside of the wall is virtually hollowed out by wear, which means that the housing either has to be completely replaced at regular intervals or expensive material has to be welded on in the area of the wall.
  • the wall is formed by a multiplicity of pluggable wall segments which can be detached from the housing, the wall segments being designed such that they can be plugged into one another by means of tongue and groove connections.
  • This has the advantage that, in the case of wear in the area of the wall, the entire housing does not have to be replaced or material has to be welded onto it in a complex manner, but the individual wall segments can be removed from the housing and thus exchanged.
  • the tongue and groove connection ensures that the wall segments are positioned correctly in relation to each other and that the formation of unwanted gaps through which solids can penetrate is avoided.
  • the wall is formed by a large number of pluggable wall segments which can be detached from the housing.
  • the rotor in the device according to the invention has at least one comminution element which is in each case attached to at least one chain.
  • a grinding gap is established between each shredding element and the wall. The grinding capacity is improved by the resulting grinding gap since the abrasion of the solids among one another is increased by the grinding gap.
  • Solids are all types of materials made of metals or metal alloys. Solids can also be materials that have a high proportion of metal and also contain other elements, such as plastics.
  • the wall segments are advantageously profiled in a first region which faces the rotor.
  • the profiling increases the surface roughness of the wall, as a result of which the solids are broken up more quickly.
  • the wall segments advantageously have cooling fins.
  • the wall is actively cooled by means of a cooling liquid.
  • the device preferably has position pins.
  • the housing preferably has bores distributed in the region of the wall around the rotor, and the wall segments preferably have bores.
  • the position pins are each advantageously threaded through at least one hole in the housing and holes in a plurality of wall segments in order to position the wall segments with respect to the housing.
  • the position of the wall segments in relation to the housing is predetermined by the position pins, which means that the wall segments can be quickly and easily repositioned in the correct position after the wall segments have been replaced.
  • the position pins are fixed to the housing, for example by means of a thread, and that the worn-out wall segments are threaded off the position pins when changing and new wall segments are threaded onto the position pins.
  • the tip of the position pins has a thread in order to brace the wall segments against the housing by means of a nut.
  • the position pins can be detached from the housing and can be threaded out of the holes in the wall segments.
  • This has the advantage that after the position pins have been loosened, the wall segments can easily be detached from the side of the housing and do not have to be laboriously threaded off the position pins.
  • the position pins are provided with a cross pin at one end which is threaded into the bore of the housing and the bores of the wall segments, and at the other end with a nut, the bores being additionally slotted to assist in threading and Threading out to provide space for the cross pin.
  • the bores expediently have a shape similar to a keyhole.
  • the device advantageously has at least one clamping element, the at least one clamping element fixing at least one wall segment to the housing.
  • the at least one clamping element is formed, for example, by at least one toggle joint, which can be actuated by muscle power, by at least one hydraulic cylinder, which fixes the wall segments to the housing directly or by at least one intermediate element, and / or, if present, by the position pins.
  • the wall segments are prevented from slipping by fixing the wall segments via the at least one tensioning element.
  • damping elements are formed in the hub, the chains being held on the hub in a vibration and shock-absorbing manner by the damping elements.
  • the damping elements are formed, for example, by rubber elements and / or spring elements, each of which holds at least one chain link in a form-fitting manner on the hub.
  • the damping elements significantly reduce the noise generated during the comminution of the solids, and load changes that occur as a result of the comminution are transmitted from the chains to the motor in a damped manner. This extends the life of the motor and protects the rotor and motor bearings.
  • the device preferably has a regulating device, by means of which a rotational speed of the motor can be regulated.
  • a degree of comminution can be changed by different speeds. The faster the rotor turns, the faster and smaller the solids are crushed.
  • the discharge opening is covered with chains, solid particles accelerated by the rotor and sufficiently comminuted penetrate the chains and emerge from the housing.
  • the chains represent a kind of sieve, whereby the chains prevent insufficiently comminuted solids from leaving the housing.
  • the size of the solids that can be removed from the housing is influenced by the choice of chain links and the distance between the chains. The larger the chain links and the greater the distance between the chains, the larger solids can leave the housing through the discharge opening.
  • the chains have the advantage that non-comminutable contaminants are conveyed out of the housing through the chains, which prevents damage and does not require the entire device to be switched off to remove the contaminants.
  • At least two tensioning bolts are advantageously formed in the area of the discharge opening, which are spaced apart from one another and are each threaded through different chain links of the chains.
  • a distance between the tensioning bolts can be changed by means of a sliding bearing arrangement of at least one tensioning bolt in order to tension the chains to different degrees.
  • the sliding bearing is formed, for example, by an eccentric bearing of a clamping bolt or by a rail, the position of the at least one clamping bolt in the case of storage by means of a rail advantageously being changed via a screw drive in relation to the other clamping bolt.
  • the device expediently has a slide which is formed in the discharge opening.
  • a cross section of the discharge opening can be changed using the slide.
  • the slide is perforated, and the size of the holes can be used to determine a maximum size of the solids which are discharged from the housing.
  • the at least one wall segment preferably has a fluid opening, by means of which fluids can be fed into the housing and / or by means of which fluids can be discharged from the housing.
  • the fluid opening is advantageously formed by at least one hole or by at least one slot.
  • An inert gas can, for example, be passed through the fluid opening into the housing in order to prevent the ignition of solids provided with combustible materials during comminution.
  • the rotor can expediently be driven directly by the motor via a shaft.
  • an elastic coupling is advantageously formed between the motor and rotor or between the motor and shaft on which the rotor is seated, in order to prevent vibrations that occur during comminution the rotor act dampened to transmit to the motor.
  • the motor drives the rotor via a belt drive or a chain.
  • the motor is advantageously formed by a servo motor or a hydraulic motor.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a device 1 for comminuting solids according to the invention in a side view.
  • the device 1 comprises a housing 2 with a wall 3 and a feed opening 4 for feeding solids into the housing 2.
  • the housing 2 is cylindrical and is arranged in the operating position of the device 1.
  • the feed opening 4 is in the operating position of the device 1 in the upper part of the housing 2.
  • the wall 3 is arranged in the operating position of the device 1 in the lower region 6 of the housing 2.
  • the wall 3 represents the outer surface of the housing 2 in the area 6.
  • the device 1 has a rotor 5, which is rotatably mounted in the region 6 of the wall 3, and a motor 7, which is designed to drive the rotor 5 in order to comminute solids fed into the housing 2.
  • the motor 7 is connected to the rotor 5 directly via a shaft 12 which is rotatably mounted in a bearing housing 13 flanged to the housing 2.
  • the motor 7 is flanged to the bearing housing 13.
  • the motor 7 is advantageously connected to the shaft 12 via an elastic coupling.
  • the device 1 has a control device 27, by means of which a speed of the motor 7 can be controlled.
  • the degree of comminution of the solids can be changed via the speed.
  • the rotor 5 is formed by a hub 8, chains 9 and size reduction elements 29. Damping elements 26 are formed in the hub 8, the chains 9 being held in the hub 8 in a damped manner by the damping elements 26. When the rotor 5 is driven, the chains 9 and the comminution elements 29 extend in the direction of the wall 3 due to the centrifugal force, a grinding gap 32 being established between each comminution element 29 and the wall 3.
  • the chains 9 lie at least partially and the comminution elements 29 rest completely on a bottom 10 of the housing 2.
  • the rotor has 5 extensions 11.
  • Figure 1 only a chain 9, an extension 11 and a comminution element 29 is shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the housing 2 has a discharge opening 15 in the region 6, through which comminuted solids can be discharged from the housing 2.
  • the discharge opening 15 is covered with chains 28.
  • the chains 28 act like a type of sieve, as a result of which only sufficiently comminuted solids are removed from the housing 2.
  • the chains 28 have the advantage that non-comminutable impurities are carried out directly by the chains 28, as a result of which they are discharged without damage and the device 1 for discharging them does not have to be switched off separately.
  • Two clamping bolts 37 and 38 are also formed in the region of the discharge opening 15.
  • the tensioning bolts 37 and 38 are arranged at a distance from one another and are each threaded through different chain links of the chains 28.
  • At least one of the clamping bolts 37 or 38 is slidably supported by a sliding bearing, for example an eccentric or a rail with spindle adjustment, as a result of which a distance between the clamping bolts 37 and 38 can be changed.
  • the wall 3 is formed by a plurality of wall segments 14 which can be plugged together. See in particular the Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the wall segments 14 are arcuate and extend over an angle of 60 °. But there is also the possibility that they extend over a larger or smaller angle. The angle is advantageously selected such that the wall segments do not become too long and their position can still be changed individually by one person.
  • the wall segments 14 have a groove 16 at a first end and a tongue 17 at a second end so that they can be plugged into one another. Only the wall segments 14, which are arranged in the region of the discharge opening 15, have either a groove 16 or a tongue 17. These wall segments 14 are also only partially arcuate.
  • the wall segments 14 are profiled in a first area 18 which faces the rotor 5 and they have cooling fins 20 in a second area 19 which faces away from the rotor 5.
  • the device 1 has position pins 21 and the wall segments 14 have bores 22 and the housing 2 has bores 39.
  • the holes 39 are arranged in the bottom 10 in the region 6 of the wall distributed around the rotor 5.
  • the bores 22 and 39 are essentially in the form of a keyhole.
  • the positioning pins 21 have cross pins 41 at one end 40 and a nut 43 at the other end 42. By means of the end 40, a position pin 21 can be threaded through bores 22 and 39 lying one above the other, the position pin 21 being locked by rotating it by 90 degrees and it can no longer be removed by simply pulling it. By tightening the nut 43, the wall segments 14 are tensioned on the housing 2.
  • the device 1 has a clamping element 23, the clamping element 23 being formed by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 24 and an intermediate element 25 in the form of a ring.
  • a supply of solids into the housing 2 is interrupted and the motor 7 is stopped with a time delay via the control device 27 in order to discharge as much comminuted solids from the housing 2 via the discharge opening 15.
  • the wall segments 14 are exposed, as a result of which they can be detached laterally from the rest of the housing 2. Instead of the removed wall segments 14, new wall segments 14 are placed again such that the individual bores 22 of the wall segments 14 lie one above the other. If all defective wall segments 14 or all wall segments 14 that have reached their wear limit are replaced, the intermediate element 25 is lowered again via the hydraulic cylinders 24, as a result of which the wall segments 14 are fixed and the wall 3 is closed again. See left side Figure 1 . Now all position pins 21 are threaded through the bores 22 and 39 and fixed by turning 90 degrees. By tightening the nuts 43, the wall segments 14 are tensioned.
  • the rotor 5 can be driven again by the motor 7 and solids can be fed into the feed opening 4.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 each show detailed views of an alternative embodiment of a rotor 33 in side view and in plan view.
  • the rotor 33 differs from the rotor 5 which is shown in FIG Figures 2 and 3 is shown in detail, in that the rotor 33 has four chains 34 and comminution elements 35 are each held by two chains 34. Furthermore, the rotor 33 has no extensions 11.
  • the crushing elements 35 are profiled on a side facing the wall 3 in order to change their roughness.
  • a grinding gap 36 is selected to be very small, as a result of which the solids are crushed particularly finely.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
EP19210045.1A 2018-12-20 2019-11-19 Appareil pour le broyage de solides Active EP3669989B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA51135/2018A AT522020B1 (de) 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Feststoffen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3669989A1 true EP3669989A1 (fr) 2020-06-24
EP3669989C0 EP3669989C0 (fr) 2023-08-02
EP3669989B1 EP3669989B1 (fr) 2023-08-02

Family

ID=68731662

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19210045.1A Active EP3669989B1 (fr) 2018-12-20 2019-11-19 Appareil pour le broyage de solides

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3669989B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT522020B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2019142510A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112206874A (zh) * 2020-09-05 2021-01-12 东营市延旭环保科技有限公司 一种基于有机肥生产用可快速更换刀片的链条粉碎机

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB356873A (en) * 1930-07-16 1931-09-17 Hartstoff Metall Ag Hametag Improvements in mill casings
US3342426A (en) * 1965-04-16 1967-09-19 Sr Walter J Sackett Pulverizing mill
JPH11276916A (ja) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-12 Turbo Kogyo Kk 微粉砕機
DE202004007482U1 (de) 2004-05-11 2005-09-22 Plahuta, Igor Zerlegeeinrichtung
WO2010012512A1 (fr) 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh Procédé de séparation de matériaux de câbles d'acier caoutchoutés mais non vulcanisés de bandages de roue
DE202011000258U1 (de) * 2011-02-03 2012-05-08 Amni Maschinenbau Gmbh Schlagmühle
WO2014074126A1 (fr) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-15 Mogan David A Impacteur à axe vertical
EP2829325A2 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2015-01-28 Xergi A/S Broyeur et son utilisation

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011051083U1 (de) * 2011-08-25 2012-11-28 Amni Maschinenbau Gmbh Schlagmühle

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB356873A (en) * 1930-07-16 1931-09-17 Hartstoff Metall Ag Hametag Improvements in mill casings
US3342426A (en) * 1965-04-16 1967-09-19 Sr Walter J Sackett Pulverizing mill
JPH11276916A (ja) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-12 Turbo Kogyo Kk 微粉砕機
DE202004007482U1 (de) 2004-05-11 2005-09-22 Plahuta, Igor Zerlegeeinrichtung
WO2010012512A1 (fr) 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh Procédé de séparation de matériaux de câbles d'acier caoutchoutés mais non vulcanisés de bandages de roue
DE202011000258U1 (de) * 2011-02-03 2012-05-08 Amni Maschinenbau Gmbh Schlagmühle
WO2014074126A1 (fr) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-15 Mogan David A Impacteur à axe vertical
EP2829325A2 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2015-01-28 Xergi A/S Broyeur et son utilisation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112206874A (zh) * 2020-09-05 2021-01-12 东营市延旭环保科技有限公司 一种基于有机肥生产用可快速更换刀片的链条粉碎机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3669989C0 (fr) 2023-08-02
RU2019142510A (ru) 2021-06-21
EP3669989B1 (fr) 2023-08-02
AT522020B1 (de) 2022-06-15
AT522020A1 (de) 2020-07-15

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