EP3661040B1 - Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3661040B1
EP3661040B1 EP20153947.5A EP20153947A EP3661040B1 EP 3661040 B1 EP3661040 B1 EP 3661040B1 EP 20153947 A EP20153947 A EP 20153947A EP 3661040 B1 EP3661040 B1 EP 3661040B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric
active switch
electrical
tension
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20153947.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3661040A1 (en
Inventor
Igor Spinella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eggtronic Engineering SpA
Original Assignee
Eggtronic Engineering SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eggtronic Engineering SpA filed Critical Eggtronic Engineering SpA
Publication of EP3661040A1 publication Critical patent/EP3661040A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3661040B1 publication Critical patent/EP3661040B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/05—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using capacitive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M3/3385—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • H02M1/0035—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode using burst mode control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/005—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output using Cuk converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a method and an apparatus for transferring electrical power to an electrical load.
  • the electrical load can be for example any electrical or electronic device which has to be electrically powered in order for it to function and/or to charge the internal batteries of the device.
  • Classic examples of this type of electric/electronic device are cellular telephones, computers, televisions and the like.
  • a solution that is at present very widely used for transferring electric power to a charging device is that of using an AC/DC converter able to convert an alternating current (AC), generated for example by a common electric grid, into a direct current (DC) suitable for supplying the charging device.
  • AC alternating current
  • DC direct current
  • a circuit is generally used having some typical characteristics.
  • the circuit comprises, firstly, a high-tension rectifier, normally a diode bridge rectifier having possibly a tension and/or current stabilisation circuit, which is connectable to the electrical grid, normally by means of an electric plug, such as to convert alternating current supplied by the electrical grid into a direct current.
  • a high-tension rectifier normally a diode bridge rectifier having possibly a tension and/or current stabilisation circuit, which is connectable to the electrical grid, normally by means of an electric plug, such as to convert alternating current supplied by the electrical grid into a direct current.
  • the high tension continues in output from the rectifier thus applied to a DC/DC converter suitable for modifying the direct current in order to make it suitable for supplying the charging device.
  • the DC/DC converter normally comprises a HF (high frequency) source, able to generate waves of high-tension electric tension (at present of the order of tenths or hundredths of kHz), according to circuit types of the flyback type, or the like.
  • the tension waves are then sent to an HF transformer which galvanically isolates the high-tension primary circuit (rectifier and generator of tension waves) from the low-tension secondary circuit which comprises the charging device.
  • This galvanic isolation is necessary to prevent damage or overtensions in the primary circuit from endangering the second circuit, which is low-tension and normally located close to the user (for example the exposed contacts of the connectors of a cell-phone or a computer).
  • the secondary circuit generally comprises a second rectifier (for example a single bridge rectifier or a double diode bridge rectifier combined with a centre-tap transformer, a synchronous rectifier, etc), electrically interposed between the transformer and the charging device, which is suitable for converting the low-tension waves exiting from the second circuit of the transformer into a direct low tension.
  • a filter can be interposed between the rectifier and the charging device, for stabilising the tension and/or the current on the charging device.
  • an aim of the present invention is to make available a method according to any of claims 1 - 5 and an apparatus according to any of claims 6 - 14 for transferring electrical power to an electrical load, e.g. a charging device, which effectively enables, at the same time, minimising the problem of leakage, typical of DC/DC converters available at present.
  • a further aim of the invention is to guarantee effective galvanic isolation between the primary circuit and the secondary circuit at the same time.
  • the presence of a pair of capacitors is further able to guarantee galvanic isolation between the primary circuit and the secondary circuit, as well as transferring an electrical power sufficient to supply the charging device.
  • Each capacitor supplied with a tension wave can be considered an impedance, such that by means of a frequency of the tension wave that is sufficiently high and/or by means of electrical capacitors that are sufficiently large and/or by means of a tension wave having a sufficiently large amplitude, it is advantageously possible to obtain, in outlet from the pair of electrical capacitors, a tension wave that is sufficiently large for supplying the charging device.
  • the invention introduces the possibility of generating the tension wave by means of a switching action, which represents a very simple solution that is reliable and easily controllable.
  • Increasing the amplitude of the tension wave by a considerable amount typically means using a transformer or a step-up circuit before the galavanic isolation capacitors and a transformer or a step-down circuit after the galavanic isolation capacitors, with a relative increase in encumbrances, leakage and costs.
  • increasing the capacitors means using dielectric materials with higher dielectric constant and/or reducing the thickness of the dielectric, with a relative worsening of the galvanic isolation and an increase in electric leakage and/or increasing the dimensions of the armatures, with a consequent increase in the encumbrances.
  • the invention comprises that the step of converting the direct electric tension into a wave of electric tension includes the step of: lowering the electrical power (tension and/or current) applied to the active switch to a substantially nil value during each transition step of the active switch: both from off (inhibited) to on (saturation), and from on to off.
  • the step of conversion of the direct electrical tension into a wave of electrical tension can include using a circuital scheme based on a single active switch referred to a fixed potential, i.e. alternatively switching on and off, following the above-described modes, a single active switch, for example a single transistor (e.g. MOSFET, BJT, IGBT, etc.).
  • a single active switch for example a single transistor (e.g. MOSFET, BJT, IGBT, etc.).
  • resonant layouts with only one transistor are applicable to constant and known loads, as each displacement of the work point from the design point determines a drop in performance or a faulty behaviour of the system.
  • the invention provides modes with which it is possible to vary the power transmitted to the electric charging device.
  • the method can further comprise the step of: preventing or altering one or more cycles of on-and-off switching of the active switch.
  • the electric power overall transmitted to the charging device is advantageously reduced, highly-efficient and with very low electric leakages.
  • the switching-on and off cycles can be inhibited for example by temporarily suspending the electric piloting signal of the active switch.
  • an aspect of the invention includes the possibility of regulating the number and/or frequency of the cycles that are inhibited, on the basis of a predetermined reference value of the electric power which is to be transferred to the charging device.
  • the regulating of the electrical power transferred can be performed with a feedback control which comprises for example steps of:
  • Another strategy for regulating the electrical power to the charging device can comprise the step of: regulating the initial direct electric tension.
  • the regulating of the initial direct electric tension is obtainable for example by means of a DC/DC converter of any type, for example linear, switching and others besides.
  • this strategy too can comprise regulating the electric tension on the basis of a predetermined reference value of the electrical power which it is desired to transfer to the charging device, for example by means of a feedback control of the electric power actually transferred.
  • This third strategy can be implemented in combination with one or more of the preceding strategies.
  • Figure 1 shows an apparatus 100 for transferring electrical power to an electrical charging device 105.
  • the electrical charging device 105 may be for example any electric or electronic device that must be powered to enable operation and/or to charge the internal batteries of the device itself.
  • Classic examples of this type of electrical/electronic device are mobile phones, computers, televisions and others besides.
  • the apparatus 100 shown in the example of figure 1 is a DC/DC converter, which is suitable for transferring electric power from a DC tension source 110 to a charging device 105, which is here generally denoted by an electrical resistance symbol.
  • the DC tension source 110 may be for example a battery.
  • the source 110 could include a rectifier 111, for example, a diode bridge, a single diode, a coupled double diode, or another synchronous rectifier, which is suitable for connecting with a source of alternating tension 112, for example a common electrical distribution grid at 230V and 50 Hz, so as to rectify the alternating tension generated by the source 112.
  • a filter stabilizer may be present immediately downstream of the rectifier 111.
  • the apparatus 100 would be more properly configured as an AC/DC converter.
  • the apparatus 100 schematically comprises a primary circuit 115 directly connected with the source 110, and a secondary circuit 120 directly connected with the charging device 105, which are mutually electrically isolated by at least a pair of isolating electric capacitors, of which a first capacitor 125 and a second capacitor 130.
  • the primary circuit 115 comprises a converter 135 for converting the direct electric tension generated by the source 110 into a tension wave, i.e. into a succession of tension pulses in which each tension pulse varies from a minimum value, for example but not necessarily substantially nil, to a maximum value depending on the entity of the DC tension at input.
  • the tension wave in output from the converter 135 is then applied to the pair of capacitors 125 and 130, which transmit the tension wave to the secondary circuit 120.
  • the secondary circuit 120 includes a rectifier 140, which is suitable for rectifying the tension wave in output from the pair of capacitors, so as to newly obtain a DC tension.
  • the rectifier 140 may be a bridge diode rectifier, a single diode, a coupled double diode, or another synchronous rectifier. Possibly, the rectifier 140 may be combined with a subsequent stabilization stage of the tension (e.g. LC filter or other). The direct tension output from the rectifier 140 is then applied to the input terminals of the electrical charging device 105 to be supplied.
  • the electrical charging device 105 is connected in series between the two capacitors 125 and 130 which, as they can be regarded as a pair of impedances, enable transmission to the secondary circuit 120 of a sufficiently high tension wave to be rectified in the rectifier 140, possibly stabilized, and then used to supply the charging device 105.
  • the rectifier 140 may be absent, thus obtaining a DC/AC (or AC/AC) converter capable of supplying the charging device 105 with an alternating tension.
  • the converter 135 includes a switching circuit 142, which is suitable for generating the tension wave applied to the capacitors 125 and 130.
  • the switching circuit 142 comprises at least one active switch 155, for example a transistor (e.g. BJT bipolar junction transistor, FET field effect transistor, MOSFET, MESFET, JFET, IGBT and others besides), and a driver for applying an electrical pilot signal to the active switch 155, which signal can turn on (i.e. in saturation) and off (inhibit) the active switch.
  • a transistor e.g. BJT bipolar junction transistor, FET field effect transistor, MOSFET, MESFET, JFET, IGBT and others besides
  • a driver for applying an electrical pilot signal to the active switch 155, which signal can turn on (i.e. in saturation) and off (inhibit) the active switch.
  • the switching circuit 142 is located upstream of the galvanic isolation capacitors 125 and 130, in other examples the same switching circuit 142 could be placed between the galvanic isolation capacitors 125 and 130 and the charging device 105, since the only thing that matters is that tension waves are applied to the capacitors 125 and 130.
  • the converter 135 may also include a reactive circuit 145, for example, an almost-resonant, resonant or fully resonant circuit, which is set up such as to lower the electrical power (e.g. tension and/or current) applied to the active switch 155 of the switching circuit 142 to a value of substantially nil, during each transition of the active switch 155 from off to on and vice versa.
  • the reactive circuit 145 is preferably set up so that the time derivative of the electric power applied to the active switch 155 is also substantially nil, during each transition of the active switch 155 from on to off and possibly vice versa.
  • the reactive circuit 145 of this example is located upstream of the galvanic isolation capacitors 125 and 130, it could alternatively also be placed between the galvanic isolation capacitor 125 and 130 and the charging device 105, or some of its components can be located upstream and others downstream of the galvanic isolation capacitors 125 and 130, without thereby modifying the effect.
  • galvanic isolation capacitors 125 and 130 may be an integral part of the reactive circuit 145, or may be independent thereof.
  • the converter 135 can overall present the circuit diagram shown in greater detail in figure 3 .
  • the converter 135 of the example of figure 3 comprises a first inductor 150, commonly called the choke or feed inductor, connected in series with the DC tension source 110. During normal operation, the first inductor 150 behaves essentially as a direct current generator.
  • the converter 135 includes the above-mentioned active switch 155, for example a transistor (MOSFET, IGBT, BJT or other), having a head (e.g. the drain of a MOSFET type N) connected with the output terminal of the inductor 150, and the other end (e.g. the source for a MOSFET N-type) connected in circuit with the source 110, and the piloting head (e.g. the gate for a MOSFET) connected with a driver 160, i.e. with an electrical/electronic device suitable for generating and applying an active electric pilot signal to the pilot head of the switch 155.
  • a transistor for example a transistor (MOSFET, IGBT, BJT or other)
  • a head e.g. the drain of a MOSFET type N
  • the other end e.g. the source for a MOSFET N-type
  • the piloting head e.g. the gate for a MOSFET
  • the pilot signal can for example be a square wave electrical signal with a duty-cycle of 50%.
  • the active switch 155 switches on (i.e. goes into saturation allowing passage of current in the active switch); when instead the drive signal is OFF (such as a lower gate tension than the source for a MOSFET), the active switch 155 is switched off (or is inhibited preventing the passage of current in the active switch).
  • the converter 135 can include a capacitor 165, the output terminal of which is connected in short circuit with the tension source 110, via an electrical branch to which a head of the active switch 155 and the second isolation capacitor 130 are also connected.
  • the converter 135 can comprise a further inductor 170, which is connected in series with the first isolation capacitor 125.
  • the inductor 170 can also be divided into two or more inductors the total value of which remains the same, placed upstream or downstream of capacitor 125 and 130, without the system changing the operating principle.
  • the isolation capacitors 125 and 130 can form a part of the reactive circuit constituted overall by the reactances comprised between the converter 135 and the charging device 105.
  • this reactive circuit is set up in such a way that the electric power (e.g., tension and/or current) applied to the active switch 155, and preferably also its derivative in time, have a value of substantially nil, during each step of transition of the active switch 155 from off to on and from on to off.
  • the electric power e.g., tension and/or current
  • This set-up essentially consists of a suitable choice of the reactive components.
  • the reactive circuit 145 can include two reactive grids, of which a first reactive grid 175 for ensuring the proper functioning of the active switch 155, and a subsequent reactive grid 180, for ensuring a correct set-up of the system with a different charge from the one used to transmit the desired power.
  • the reactive circuit 145 normally also serves as a passband filter for the tension wave that is transferred between the primary circuit 115 and the secondary circuit 120.
  • the band of frequencies allowed to pass from the filter also depends on the set-up of the reactive circuit 145.
  • the reactive circuit 145 it is preferable for the reactive circuit 145 to be set up so as to pass one or more of the fundamental frequencies of the tension wave.
  • the fundamental frequencies of the tension wave are those in odd order: the first, third, the fifth and so on.
  • the reactive circuit 145 can therefore be set up so as to let the first fundamental frequency of the electric tension pass, in which case the converter 135 is in fact assimilable to an e-class amplifier.
  • the reactive circuit 145 can be set up so as to let the third fundamental frequency of the electric tension pass, or other odd harmonics, in which case the converter 135 is in fact similar to an f-class amplifier. It is also possible for the reactive circuit 145 to be set up so as to let the fundamental frequencies of a higher order pass, or to let more fundamental frequencies pass simultaneously, in such a way as to realise an e/f class amplifier or the like.
  • the inductor 150 undergoes continuous cycles of charging and discharging.
  • the inductor 150 it is preferable to size the inductor 150 so as to make it fully discharge at each cycle.
  • the current passing through it can be considered constant
  • Having lower inductor values is important for this specific case because: the overall dimensions and the ohmic losses can be contained to modest proportions, and inductors can be used that are realized for example by inductors wrapped in air or another material with low losses in the core of the inductor itself.
  • a problem that can arise with an apparatus 100 such as the one described above consists in the regulation of electric power transmitted to the charging device 105. This is the issue that limits the use of e- or f- or e/f-class amplifiers in variable charge and unknown situations a priori.
  • figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the apparatus 100 which differs from that of figure 4 only in that, downstream of the converter 135 and preferably downstream also of the isolation capacitors 125 and 130, in parallel with the rectifier 140, an electric line has been inserted comprising a capacitor 185 in series with a further active switch 190, for example a transistor (e.g. BJT, FET, MOSFET, MESFET, JFET, IGBT and others).
  • a transistor e.g. BJT, FET, MOSFET, MESFET, JFET, IGBT and others.
  • the active switch 190 can be connected to a driver 195 suitable for generating and applying a pilot signal to the pilot head of the active switch 190, preferably a PWM electric signal or the like.
  • the active switch 190 When the pilot signal is ON, the active switch 190 turns on (i.e. goes into saturation allowing passage on the line); instead, when the drive signal is OFF, the active switch 190 turns off (or passes into inhibition, preventing current flow on the line).
  • the capacitor 185 has a value that is sufficiently high to be considered a short circuit with respect to the charging device 105, when the active switch 190 is turned on.
  • the active switch 190 when the active switch 190 is turned on, the electrical energy transferred from the isolation capacitors 125 and 130 is predominantly diverted onto the capacitor 185, while when it is off, the charging device 105 absorbs all the energy.
  • the electric power transmitted to the charging device 105 is therefore inversely proportional to the time in which the active switch 190 is turned on, for example to the duty-cycle of the PWM electrical pilot signal. Therefore, by adjusting the ignition time of the active switch 190, for example by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM electrical pilot signal, it is advantageously possible to adjust the electric power transferred to the charging device 105.
  • the driver 195 can include a control circuit (not illustrated), which is configured to adjust the duty cycle of the PWM pilot signal, so as to attain a predetermined value of a characteristic parameter of the electric power to be transferred to the charging device 105.
  • a control circuit not illustrated
  • the electrical parameter that is characteristic of the electric power can be the electric power itself, or it can be the tension of the power supply of the charge or possibly the supply current transmitted to the charging device.
  • control circuit may be configured to perform a feedback control which comprises: measuring the electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power transferred to the charging device, for example through one or more tension and/or current sensors applied to the secondary circuit 120; calculating the difference between the measurement of the electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power and the predetermined reference value; and adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM electrical pilot signal, such as to minimize the difference.
  • the electric power transmitted to the charging device 105 can also be adjusted by acting on the primary circuit 115, for example by suspending the generation of the pilot signal pulses of the active switch 155, in such a way as to inhibit one or more on and off cycles of the active switch 155.
  • the inductor 150 is not powered and the system continues to oscillate in a damped free oscillating mode. During the cycles carried out, the inductor 150 is instead supplied and the system oscillates in a forced oscillations mode.
  • the electric power transferred to the charging device 105 is effectively regulated.
  • the driver 160 may comprise a control circuit (not illustrated), which is configured to adjust the number and/or the frequency of "suspended" electrical impulses of the pilot square wave, in order to follow a predetermined value of an electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power to be transferred to the charging device 105.
  • a control circuit not illustrated
  • the electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power can be the electric power itself, or it can be the power supply tension of the charging device or possibly the supply current transmitted to the charging device.
  • the control circuit may be configured to perform a feedback control which comprises: measuring the electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power transferred to the charging device, for example via one or more tension and/or current sensors applied to the secondary circuit 120 or to the primary circuit 115; calculating the difference between the measurement of the electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power and the predetermined reference value; and regulating the number and/or the frequency of the "suspended" electrical impulses of the square wave drive, such as to minimize the difference.
  • the power transmitted to the charging device 105 can also be adjusted by regulating the direct electric tension generated by the source 110.
  • the apparatus 100 may in fact comprise a DC/DC converter 200, such as a linear converter, a switching converter, or any other type, which is placed downstream of the source 110 and upstream of the switching circuit 142, for example upstream of the choke inductor 150 (with reference to the diagrams of figures 3 to 5 ).
  • a DC/DC converter 200 such as a linear converter, a switching converter, or any other type, which is placed downstream of the source 110 and upstream of the switching circuit 142, for example upstream of the choke inductor 150 (with reference to the diagrams of figures 3 to 5 ).
  • the DC/DC converter 200 can be configured to provide a tension value at output that is different to the value of the input tension, and thus consequently modifying the electric power transmitted to the charging device 105.
  • the DC/DC converter 200 can also include a control circuit (not shown) suitable for adjusting the tension according to a desired value of an electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power to be transferred to the electrical load 105, for example by means of a feedback control routine.
  • a control circuit (not shown) suitable for adjusting the tension according to a desired value of an electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power to be transferred to the electrical load 105, for example by means of a feedback control routine.
  • the electrical parameter characteristic of the electric power can be the electric power itself, or it can be the power supply tension of the charging device or possibly the supply current transmitted to the charging device.
  • the apparatus 100 shown in figure 5 and described above can be realized as a converter device 250 (meaning a single component), which can be connected via cables to the electrical charging device 105.
  • all the essential components of the apparatus 100 including in particular the converter 135, the isolation capacitors 125 and 130, the rectifier 140, any filter and tension stabilization stages and the rectifier 111 if present, can be integrated into a single "indivisible object" which can be connected on one side with the source of alternating tension 112, or with the DC tension source 110, and on the opposite side with the charging device 105.
  • each of the isolation capacitors 125 and 130 can be realized in the usual way as a pre-assembled capacitor, which is installed as a single unit in the "indivisible object".
  • the charging device 105 may be part of that "indivisible object.”
  • ef-the apparatus 100 shown in figure 5 and described above can be realized as a system for wireless transmission of power between two separate devices, without galvanic connection between them.
  • said wireless transmission system thus comprises a power supply device 300 and a user device 305, separate and independent from the power supply device 300, i.e. not exhibiting any type of physical/mechanical connection with the power supply 300.
  • the user device 305 may be any electrical/electronic device, such as a mobile phone, a computer, tablet, lighting system, television set or other, provided with its own external body or casing 310 independent of the external body or casing 315 of the supply device 300.
  • the power supply device 300 can comprise the components of the apparatus 100 that define the primary circuit 115, including in particular the converter 135 and the rectifier 111 if present, which can be integrated into a single "indivisible object" suitable for connecting via cable with the source of alternating tension 112, or possibly with the DC tension source 110.
  • the user device 305 can instead include the components of the apparatus 100 that define the secondary circuit 120, including in particular the rectifier 140 and the charging device 105, which can be represented by the internal batteries to be recharged and/or electronic devices to be supplied to enable the user device 305 to operate.
  • the rectifier 140 and the charging device 105 can be represented by the internal batteries to be recharged and/or electronic devices to be supplied to enable the user device 305 to operate.
  • the isolation capacitors 125 and 130 may be defined by a pair of armatures 320 incorporated in the power supply device 300, and by another pair of armatures 325 incorporated in the user device 305.
  • Each armature 320 and 325 may be realised by any layer of conductive material 340 coated with a layer of dielectric material 345.
  • the armatures 320 and 325 must be placed in the respective devices so that by nearing the user device 305 to the power supply device 300, for example by placing the former on the latter, the conductor layer 340 of each armature 320 realises, with the conductor layer 340 of a corresponding armature 325, and with the dielectric material 345 which remains interposed between them, respectively the isolation capacitor 125 or the isolation capacitor 130.
  • the outer casing 315 of the supply device 300 may comprise a support wall 330
  • the outer casing 310 of the user device may comprise a reference wall 335, which will be facing and supported on the wall of the support 330 of the feeder device 300.
  • the armatures 320 can be applied on the external or internal surface of the support wall 330, while the armatures 325 may be applied on the external or internal surface of the wall 335.
  • each armature 320 and 325 may more precisely comprise three superposed layers, in which the conductive layer 340 is interposed between the upper dielectric layer 345 and a lower dielectric layer 350.
  • the lower dielectric layer 350 can be supported on a substrate 355.
  • the upper dielectric layer 345 of each armature 320 is destined to go into direct contact with the upper layer of an armature 325.
  • each armature 320 can be a portion of the supporting wall 330 of the supply device 300, while the substrate 355 of each armature 325 may be a portion of the reference wall 335 of the user device 305.
  • the substrate 355 may be made of any conductive or dielectric material, provided it is sufficiently distant from the conductive layer 340. If, however, is very close to the conductive layer 340, it is better for the substrate 355 to be a dielectric characterized by low leakage and low dielectric constant when stressed by the electric field which varies over time. If the substrate 355 is a dielectric material, the lower dielectric layer 350 could be absent.
  • the lower dielectric layer 350 is preferably characterized by low leakage and low relative dielectric constant, so that the electric field propagates little in the direction of the substrate.
  • the conductive layer 340 can be of any electrically conductive or semiconductive material, possibly doped, although the best results are obtained with low resistivity materials.
  • the upper dielectric layer 345 should preferably enable the best possible electrical coupling between the conductive layers 320 of the armatures 320 and the armatures 325. Therefore, the upper dielectric layer 345 is preferably as thin as possible, characterized by low leakages and a high relative dielectric constant.
  • the electrical charging device 105 of the user device 305 may be powered or recharged, without any galvanic connection, simply by placing the plates 325 of the user device 305 on the armatures 320 of the feeder device 300, such that the conductive layers 340 and the upper dielectric layers 345 of the armatures 320 and 325 realise the first and the second isolation capacitors 125 and 130 of the apparatus 100, enabling the transferring of power to the charging device 105.
  • armatures 320 and 325 of very small dimensions are possible, such as to be easily housed internally of electronic devices in common use such as cell-phones, computers, cameras, MP3 players, lighting systems, for example LED systems, television sets and more besides.
  • a high frequency resonant converter 135 e.g. class “e”, “f” or “e/f”
  • resonant with higher harmonics than the pilot allowing high power frequencies of the armatures 320 and 325, armatures 320 and 325 of very small dimensions are possible, such as to be easily housed internally of electronic devices in common use such as cell-phones, computers, cameras, MP3 players, lighting systems, for example LED systems, television sets and more besides.
  • the tension attained by the armatures 320 and 325 is extremely low (for example a few tens of volts), which avoids any risk to the user even in the absence of the control circuits.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
EP20153947.5A 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling Active EP3661040B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000021A ITRE20120021A1 (it) 2012-04-02 2012-04-02 Metodo ed apparato per il trasferimento di potenza elettrica
EP13720535.7A EP2834910B1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling
PCT/IB2013/000464 WO2013150352A1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13720535.7A Division EP2834910B1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling
EP13720535.7A Division-Into EP2834910B1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3661040A1 EP3661040A1 (en) 2020-06-03
EP3661040B1 true EP3661040B1 (en) 2022-01-19

Family

ID=46548695

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20153947.5A Active EP3661040B1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling
EP13720535.7A Active EP2834910B1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13720535.7A Active EP2834910B1 (en) 2012-04-02 2013-03-19 Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US9209674B2 (zh)
EP (2) EP3661040B1 (zh)
JP (2) JP6001160B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101508265B1 (zh)
CN (2) CN104883049B (zh)
DK (1) DK2834910T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2792071T3 (zh)
HK (2) HK1204159A1 (zh)
IT (1) ITRE20120021A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2013150352A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105850020B (zh) * 2013-12-18 2019-07-26 丹麦技术大学 升压dc-dc功率转换器
EP3111546A1 (en) * 2014-02-27 2017-01-04 Danmarks Tekniske Universitet On and off controlled resonant dc-dc power converter
US10063284B2 (en) * 2014-03-04 2018-08-28 Triune Ip Llc Isolation for communication and power
ES2752134T3 (es) * 2014-06-26 2020-04-03 Eggtronic Eng S R L Un procedimiento y un aparato para transferir energía eléctrica
KR101821007B1 (ko) * 2014-09-01 2018-01-22 엘에스산전 주식회사 차량 충전 장치 및 충전 방법
CN109888895B (zh) * 2015-06-01 2023-01-10 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 充电电路和移动终端
WO2016192010A1 (zh) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-08 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 充电电路和移动终端
CN104979914B (zh) * 2015-06-11 2018-05-25 昆明理工大学 一种电场耦合式无线电能传输系统
US10218276B2 (en) * 2015-07-10 2019-02-26 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Isolated multi-level resonant topologies for wide-range power conversion and impedance matching
ITUB20153094A1 (it) 2015-08-12 2017-02-12 Eggtronic Eng S R L Metodo ed apparato per trasferire potenza elettrica e dati
US9780689B2 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-10-03 Texas Instruments Incorporated Isolated capacitive power transfer
ES2840978T3 (es) * 2015-12-23 2021-07-07 Koninklijke Philips Nv Disposición de potencia eléctrica para alimentar una carga y método correspondiente
ITUA20161824A1 (it) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-18 Eggtronic S R L Circuito e metodo per pilotare carichi elettrici
EP3334025A1 (de) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hilfsversorgung für ein schaltnetzteil
CN108124498B (zh) 2017-02-24 2020-07-24 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 均衡电路、待充电设备和充电控制方法
WO2018184914A1 (en) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-11 Dietschi Fabian A system and method for ohmic heating of a fluid
US10164538B1 (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-12-25 Mosway Semiconductor Limited Dual-capacitors-based AC line frequency low voltage DC power supply circuit
EP3481151A1 (en) * 2017-11-01 2019-05-08 Koninklijke Philips N.V. An electric current supply system, designed to be at least partially submerged in an electrically conductive liquid during operation thereof
CN107947570B (zh) * 2017-11-14 2020-04-21 成都芯源系统有限公司 一种隔离型供电电路及其控制方法
CN112385115A (zh) * 2018-03-02 2021-02-19 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 无线功率输送装置
DE102018215097A1 (de) * 2018-09-05 2020-03-05 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Wechselspannungsversorgungseinrichtung
US11569757B2 (en) 2018-09-26 2023-01-31 Eggtronic Engineering S.P.A. System for transferring electrical power to an electrical load
TW202015304A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2020-04-16 義大利商埃格特羅尼克工程（股份）責任有限公司 用於傳輸電力至具轉換器之電力負載之裝置
IT201900007974A1 (it) 2019-06-04 2020-12-04 Eggtronic Eng S P A Convertitore per trasferire potenza elettrica ad un carico elettrico
CN111510007B (zh) * 2020-04-21 2021-06-01 中国科学院电工研究所 混合隔离型单相电力电子变压器
IT202000014323A1 (it) 2020-06-16 2021-12-16 Eggtronic Eng S P A Apparato per trasferire potenza elettrica ad un carico elettrico con convertitore
IT202000014635A1 (it) 2020-06-18 2021-12-18 Eggtronic Eng S P A Sistema per trasferire potenza elettrica ad un carico elettrico
IT202000014626A1 (it) 2020-06-18 2021-12-18 Eggtronic Eng S P A Sistema per trasferire potenza elettrica ad un carico elettrico
IT202000014608A1 (it) 2020-06-18 2021-12-18 Eggtronic Eng S P A Sistema per trasferire potenza elettrica ad un carico elettrico
IT202100002360A1 (it) 2021-02-03 2022-08-03 Eggtronic Eng S P A Convertitore per trasferire potenza elettrica ad un carico elettrico

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6466460B1 (en) * 2001-08-24 2002-10-15 Northrop Grumman Corporation High efficiency, low voltage to high voltage power converter
EP2824799A1 (en) * 2012-03-06 2015-01-14 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Power transmission system

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2508314C3 (de) * 1975-02-24 1978-06-22 Stellar Radiation, Variable Lichtemissionstechnik Norbert Senger, 6000 Frankfurt Schaltungsanordnung zur galvanischen Trennung eines Verbrauchers von einem Speisenetz
US4184197A (en) * 1977-09-28 1980-01-15 California Institute Of Technology DC-to-DC switching converter
EP0087593B1 (de) * 1982-02-25 1987-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltungsanordnung für Fernmeldeanlagen, insbesondere für Fernsprechvermittlungsanlagen
US4607323A (en) * 1984-04-17 1986-08-19 Sokal Nathan O Class E high-frequency high-efficiency dc/dc power converter
JPH0823673A (ja) * 1989-05-18 1996-01-23 Hirotami Nakano スイッチング電源装置およびその絶縁方法
DE3918164A1 (de) * 1989-06-03 1990-12-06 Philips Patentverwaltung Generator zum betreiben einer drehanoden-roentgenroehre
US5396165A (en) * 1993-02-02 1995-03-07 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Efficient power transfer system
US5583421A (en) * 1994-08-10 1996-12-10 Hewlett-Packard Company Sepic converter with transformerless line isolation
US6301128B1 (en) * 2000-02-09 2001-10-09 Delta Electronics, Inc. Contactless electrical energy transmission system
US6452366B1 (en) * 2000-02-11 2002-09-17 Champion Microelectronic Corp. Low power mode and feedback arrangement for a switching power converter
EP1297613A1 (de) * 2000-04-12 2003-04-02 Wolfgang Croce Schaltnetzteil
US6348781B1 (en) * 2000-12-11 2002-02-19 Motorola, Inc. Buck or boost power converter
US6570777B1 (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-05-27 Eni Technology, Inc. Half sine wave resonant drive circuit
US6844702B2 (en) * 2002-05-16 2005-01-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. System, method and apparatus for contact-less battery charging with dynamic control
SE525006C2 (sv) * 2002-11-13 2004-11-09 Abb Ab Hjälpkraftförsörjning
DE10259088B4 (de) * 2002-12-17 2007-01-25 Infineon Technologies Ag Resonanzkonverter mit Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zum Treiben von veränderlichen Lasten
CA2431689A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2004-12-16 Liu Canus Zero-current switched resonant converter
FR2865324B1 (fr) * 2004-01-16 2006-02-24 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Convertisseur du type a decoupage a elevation de tension a phase minimum et commutateur a la masse
JP4099597B2 (ja) * 2004-05-31 2008-06-11 ソニー株式会社 スイッチング電源回路
JP2006109687A (ja) * 2004-06-02 2006-04-20 Sony Corp スイッチング電源回路
US7453710B2 (en) * 2006-04-26 2008-11-18 Power Integrations, Inc. Transformerless safety isolation in a power supply using safety capacitors for galvanic isolation
JP5153793B2 (ja) * 2007-03-22 2013-02-27 トムソン ライセンシング 絶縁され調整されたｄｃ電力を電子機器へ供給する装置
JP5170054B2 (ja) * 2009-10-07 2013-03-27 国立大学法人宇都宮大学 電力供給システム、及びそのための可動体と固定体
JP5826547B2 (ja) * 2011-07-20 2015-12-02 株式会社豊田自動織機 給電側設備及び共鳴型非接触給電システム

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6466460B1 (en) * 2001-08-24 2002-10-15 Northrop Grumman Corporation High efficiency, low voltage to high voltage power converter
EP2824799A1 (en) * 2012-03-06 2015-01-14 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Power transmission system

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHAO LIU: "FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON CAPACITIVELY COUPLED POWER TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY", DOCTORAL THESIS, 1 April 2011 (2011-04-01), XP055124725, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/2292/8519/whole.pdf?sequence=2> [retrieved on 20140623] *
SOKAL N O ET AL: "CLASS E-A NEW CLASS OF HIGH-EFFCIENCY TUNED SINGLE-ENDED SWITCHING POWER AMPLIFIERS", IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, IEEE, USA, vol. 10, no. 3, 1 June 1975 (1975-06-01), pages 168 - 175, XP000601709, ISSN: 0018-9200, DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.1975.1050582 *
Z KACZMARCZYK: "A high-efficiency Class E inverter - computer model, laboratory measurements and SPICE simulation", BULLETIN OF THE POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TECHNICAL SCIENCES, 1 January 2007 (2007-01-01), XP055332057, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://fluid.ippt.gov.pl/bulletin/(55-4)411.pdf> *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104221268A (zh) 2014-12-17
ES2792071T3 (es) 2020-11-06
CN104221268B (zh) 2016-11-23
KR101508265B1 (ko) 2015-04-07
HK1204159A1 (zh) 2015-11-06
CN104883049B (zh) 2018-03-09
HK1211749A1 (zh) 2016-05-27
US20150098252A1 (en) 2015-04-09
EP3661040A1 (en) 2020-06-03
CN104883049A (zh) 2015-09-02
US20160087473A1 (en) 2016-03-24
JP6001160B2 (ja) 2016-10-05
EP2834910A1 (en) 2015-02-11
WO2013150352A1 (en) 2013-10-10
DK2834910T3 (da) 2020-06-15
JP2015202042A (ja) 2015-11-12
JP2015515850A (ja) 2015-05-28
EP2834910B1 (en) 2020-03-18
JP6293090B2 (ja) 2018-03-14
US9762074B2 (en) 2017-09-12
KR20140130753A (ko) 2014-11-11
US9209674B2 (en) 2015-12-08
ITRE20120021A1 (it) 2013-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3661040B1 (en) Method and apparatus for transferring electrical power by means of capacitive coupling
JP5550785B2 (ja) 非接触型の誘導電力伝送システムの回路
TW201607226A (zh) 開啟及關閉控制的共振直流對直流電源轉換器
WO2013146017A1 (ja) 電力伝送システム及びそれに用いる送電装置
EP2587653A2 (en) Received power conversion device for resonant wireless charging system
Shinoda et al. Voltage-boosting wireless power delivery system with fast load tracker by ΔΣ-modulated sub-harmonic resonant switching
TW201939871A (zh) 變換裝置與其控制方法
CN103208936B (zh) 交流电源装置
JP2013146141A (ja) 受電装置、送電装置および制御装置
CN101877580A (zh) 高压脉冲发生装置
US11355962B2 (en) Apparatus for transferring electrical power to an electrical load with converter
JP2016539617A (ja) フライバック型スイッチング電源回路及びそれを用いたバックライト駆動装置
US11239815B2 (en) Resonance matching circuit
CN113394980A (zh) 一种电源变换电路
KR101405806B1 (ko) 전력 공급 장치, 무선전력 송신장치 및 전력 공급 방법
CN112014616B (zh) 电流检测设备和方法
TWI840390B (zh) 用於傳送電力至電力負載之系統
WO2016084524A1 (ja) 送電装置及び電力伝送システム
KR20120098029A (ko) 스위치드 커패시터 컨버터를 이용한 전력 변환 장치 및 방법
KR20220016850A (ko) 전력을 전기 부하로 송전하기 위한 컨버터
KR20190037699A (ko) 고전압 전원공급장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 2834910

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: EGGTRONIC ENGINEERING S.P.A.

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20201016

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: H02J 50/05 20160101ALN20210820BHEP

Ipc: H02J 7/02 20160101ALN20210820BHEP

Ipc: H02M 3/00 20060101ALN20210820BHEP

Ipc: H02M 1/00 20060101ALN20210820BHEP

Ipc: H02M 3/335 20060101AFI20210820BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20210909

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20210916

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 2834910

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602013080766

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1464357

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20220328

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20220318

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: MC

Payment date: 20220304

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20220328

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20220328

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1464357

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220119

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20220326

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220519

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220419

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220419

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220420

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20220404

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220519

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602013080766

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20221020

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20230401

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230401

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230319

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230319

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220119

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240327

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240327

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20130319

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20240129

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240325

Year of fee payment: 12