Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
  • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
  • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
  • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
  • H01T1/22—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap by the shape or the composition of the electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
  • H01T4/04—Housings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
  • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
  • H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed

Definitions

• Abieiter for protection against overvoltages It is a Abieiter for protection against overvoltages
• a surge arrester short Abieiter, serves for
• Gas-filled Abieiter also called
• Gasabieiter are called Abieiter, in which the overvoltage in Gasabieiter is reduced by the automatic ignition of a gas discharge. They work according to the gas-physical principle of arc discharge, whereby after reaching a trap voltage, briefly as
• ignition voltage forming an arc in the gas-tight discharge space within nanoseconds. Due to the high current carrying capacity of the arc, the overvoltage is effectively short-circuited.
• Electrode material come. This leads to a reduction of the insulation resistance of the Abieiters. Furthermore, this can cause impermissibly high leakage currents during operation at the
• An object to be solved is to provide a surge arrester for overvoltage protection, which has improved characteristics.
• an arrester should be specified, which is particularly reliable, compact and / or durable.
• a trap is provided for protection
• the arrester has a housing.
• the housing is designed to accommodate further components of the Abieiters in an inner region of the housing.
• the housing may be formed, for example in the form of a hollow cylinder.
• the housing is further configured to function as an outer electrode.
• the housing has an electrically conductive material, such as copper.
• the arrester also has a central electrode or
• the central electrode is arranged completely in an inner region of the housing. Between the central electrode and the housing, a discharge region is formed. In other words, between the central electrode and the housing.
• Electrode and the housing takes place in the event of overvoltage an arc discharge.
• the central electrode is
• the central electrode has an electrically conductive material
• the arrester further comprises a ceramic body.
• Ceramic body is used for insulation.
• the ceramic body is designed and arranged for the electrical separation of housing and central electrode.
• the ceramic body is in direct mechanical contact with the housing.
• a direct mechanical contact between the ceramic body and the central electrode is prevented, preferably through the housing.
• the ceramic body is arranged offset to the discharge space.
• the outer electrode becomes the body / housing of the Abieiters.
• the outer diameter of the Abieiters is reduced.
• an inner wall of the ceramic body is optimally before an evaporation with electrode material
• the Abieiter further comprises a shielding.
• Shielding element is designed and arranged the
• Shielding element represents a panel at least a portion of an inner side of the housing.
• Shielding element is on the inside of the housing
• the shielding element is fixedly connected to the housing, for example by means of brazing or
• the shielding element has an extension along a longitudinal axis of the Abieiters. Furthermore, the central electrode has an extension along the longitudinal axis of the Abieiters, so a longitudinal extent.
• Shielding element extends over an entire
• the housing Longitudinal extent of the central electrode along the inside of the housing. In this way, the housing can be protected efficiently against thermal stress.
• Shielding element also at least partially perpendicular to
• a Abieiter is provided, which is not only particularly efficient and durable, but also has a small outer diameter.
• the Abieiter is a member of the Abieiter
• connection element on.
• the connection element is to
• the connection element has, for example, copper.
• the ceramic body has a breakthrough. The breakthrough penetrates the ceramic body preferably completely in a central region of the ceramic body.
• Connection element is designed and arranged to extend at least partially through the opening into the inner region of the housing.
• connection element has a
• the connection area is elongated or pin-shaped.
• the connection area is designed to be connected to the central electrode.
• the connection area extends through the opening.
• the connection element, in particular the connection region, is soldered to the central electrode.
• connection element furthermore has an end region.
• the end region projects out of the housing and the ceramic body.
• the end portion does not extend through the aperture.
• the end portion is adapted to be connected to another electronic component or electronic device.
• the end portion has a thread, such as an M8 screw on.
• connection element further has a central region.
• the middle area is between end area and
• connection element integrally formed.
• the connection area, middle area and end area merge directly into one another.
• connection element is over the middle area with the
• Ceramic body connected, for example, soldered.
• Middle region is plate-shaped or disc-shaped.
• the central area has a larger diameter than the connecting area.
• the middle area has a
• the end portion has a larger diameter than the end portion.
• the Abieiter is a member of the Abieiter
• the ceramic element serves as insulator.
• the ceramic element is designed and arranged to even better shield the ceramic body from the discharge space. This increases the efficiency and longevity of the Abieiter.
• the ceramic element is for example annular.
• the ceramic element has a ceramic disk with an opening.
• the breakthrough serves the
• the ceramic element is formed between the ceramic body and the central electrode.
• the ceramic element is from the central
• the ceramic element is attached to the shielding element, for example, soldered.
• the ceramic element for example a circumferential edge region of the ceramic element, preferably lies directly on a partial region of the inside of the housing.
• the ceramic element has a step or elevation.
• the step is preferably circumferentially on a surface of the
• the step or elevation preferably rises from one of the central electrodes
• the step reduces leakage currents after the load.
• the Abieiter has a
• ignition aid is the ignition aid
• Ignition aid has, for example, graphite strokes.
• the ignition aid is preferably arranged on the ceramic body.
• the ignition aid is formed on an inner wall of the opening of the ceramic body.
• the ignition aid is arranged parallel to a longitudinal axis of the Abieiters. Due to the arrangement parallel to the longitudinal axis can a
• Charge difference can be achieved at the end portions of the ignition aid.
• the ceramic body has an end region facing away from the central electrode.
• the end region is arranged outside the housing.
• a gradation is formed at the end region.
• the gradation is formed circumferentially around an edge region of the opening. Due to the gradation, the insulation resistance of the
• FIG. 1 a is a sectional view of a surge arrester for overvoltage protection according to the prior art
• Figure lb is a perspective view of the arrester according to
• FIG. 2 a shows a sectional view of a surge arrester for overvoltage protection according to the prior art
• FIG. 2b shows a perspective view of the arrester according to FIG.
• FIG. 2a is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1a
• FIG. 3 a shows a sectional representation of a surge arrester for protection against overvoltages
• Figure 3b is a perspective view of the arrester according to
• FIG. 3a is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 3a.
• Figures la, lb, 2a and 2b show Abieiter 1, 10 for
• the conventional design of surge arresters comprises two electrodes 2, 3 ( Figure la) and 11, 12th
• a respective ceramic body 4, 13 is provided as an insulator or spacer between the electrodes.
• an inner wall of the ceramic body 4, 13 is vapor-deposited with conductive electrode material. This leads to a reduction of the insulation resistance of the arrester 1, 10. This may happen
• the Abieiter 30 described in connection with the figures 3a and 3b solves the problems described above by providing a better protection of the ceramic inner wall and a
• the Abieiter 30 has a housing 31.
• the housing 31 serves to accommodate further components of the arrester 30.
• the housing also functions as an outer electrode.
• the housing 31 preferably comprises copper.
• the housing 31 a first end region 43, the housing 31 a
• Connection element 42 for example, a thread on.
• the connecting element 42 has a length 52 of less than or equal to 8 mm, for example 7 mm.
• the housing 31 also has a central region 45.
• the central region 45 serves to receive a central electrode 33 or inner electrode, as will be described in detail later.
• the housing 31 further includes a second end portion 44.
• the second end portion 44 serves to connect the
• the first and second end regions 43, 44 each adjoin directly the central region 45.
• the housing 31 is preferably formed in one piece.
• the diameter of the second end portion 44 is also smaller than the diameter of the central portion 45.
• the diameter of the central portion 45 of the housing 31 is preferably less than or equal to 20 mm, for example, 16.8 mm.
• An outer surface of the central region 45 extends
• the second end portion 44 is formed obliquely.
• the housing 31 has an inner region 31a. In that
• the central electrode 33 is arranged inside 31a.
• the inner region 31a forms a discharge space between the housing / outer electrode 31 and the central electrode 33.
• the inner region 31a has a diameter 57, which is preferably less than or equal to 15 mm, for example 12 mm or 13 mm.
• the central electrode 33 preferably comprises tungsten-copper.
• the central electrode 33 has a diameter 55 of less than or equal to 10 mm, for example 7.5 mm.
• the central electrode 33 is cylindrical, for example
• the central electrode 33 is spaced from an inner side / inner longitudinal side 31 b and an inner end side 31 c of the housing 31.
• End face 31c together form a wall of the
• Interior 31 a of the housing 31 is.
• Inner side 31b or end face 31c is preferably up to 6 mm. A distance 51 between an end face of the
• the Abieiter 30 further includes a shielding member 32.
• the shielding member 32 serves to enhance the performance of the outer electrode 31.
• the shielding member 32 protects the housing / outer electrode 31 from thermal stress.
• the shielding element 32 has
• the shielding member 32 is in the inner region 31 a of
• the shielding member 32 thus reduces the diameter 57 of the inner portion 31 a.
• the diameter 56 of the inner region 31a reduced by the shielding element 32 is preferably less than or equal to 12 mm, for example 11 mm.
• a thickness or radial extent (extension transverse to the longitudinal axis L) of the shielding element 32 amounts to less than or equal to 2 mm.
• the Shielding element 32 is fixedly connected to the housing 31, for example by brazing or interference fit.
• the shielding element 32 extends on the inner side 31b of the housing 31 along the longitudinal axis L of the arrester 30.
• a length of the shielding element 32 is such that the shielding element 32 extends along a complete length of the central electrode 33. In other words, a longitudinal extent of the shielding element 32 is greater than a longitudinal extent of the central electrode 33.
• the shielding element 32 extends along the entire inner side 31b of the housing 31.
• the length of the shielding element 32 is up to 20 mm, for example 17 mm.
• An overall length 50 of the arrester 30 is preferably less than or equal to 50 mm, for example 46 mm or 47 mm.
• the shielding element 32 may also extend at least partially on the inner end face 31c of the housing 31 (not explicitly shown).
• the Abieiter 30 further comprises the ceramic body or insulator 36.
• the Abieiter 30 has a connection element 34.
• the ceramic body 36 serves to electrically insulate the housing 31 and the central electrode 33.
• the ceramic body 36 is arranged in the second end region 44 of the housing 31.
• the ceramic body 26 is thus offset from the
• Discharge space arranged, which is formed between the housing 31 and the central electrode 33. This eliminates an insulator directly between the housing / outer electrode 31 and the central electrode 33. An outer diameter of the arrester 30 is thus reduced. For example, the
• Outer diameter of the arrester 30 is less than or equal to 20 mm, for example, 17 mm (see also Figure 3b, which as true to scale representation of ajarsbeipiels of Abieiters 30 is to be understood).
• the ceramic body 36 has a central opening 36a.
• the opening 36a has a diameter 54 of less than or equal to 10 mm, for example 8.5 mm.
• the opening 36 serves to pass the connection element 34 into the inner region 31a.
• the connection element 34 will be described later in detail.
• the ceramic body 36 is fixedly connected to the housing 31, for example, ceramic body 36 and housing 31
• the ceramic body 36 is soldered in particular in a soldering region 38 in the end region 44 of the housing 31 to the housing 31.
• the ceramic body 36 has a specially shaped first end region.
• the first end region faces the housing 31.
• the first end region has a step.
• the step is formed circumferentially. The step serves as a stop surface for the end region 44 and as a soldering region 38.
• the ceramic body 36 further includes a second end portion 36b.
• the second end portion 36b faces away from the housing 31.
• the second end region 36b has a gradation or an undercut 39.
• the gradation is 39
• the gradation 39 represents a bulge of the
• Ceramic body 36 in particular an end face of the
• Breakthrough 36 is formed.
• the step 39 extends from side edges of the aperture 36a in radial Outward direction.
• the gradation 39 has a diameter 53 of less than or equal to 13 mm, for example 11 mm.
• the gradation 39 serves to reduce leakage currents after loading of the Abieiters 30.
• the connecting element 34 is pin-shaped.
• the connecting element 34 is firmly connected to the central electrode 33, for example, soldered.
• the connection element 34 is soldered to the electrode 33 in a connection or end region 34c.
• the connection element 34 has copper, for example.
• the connecting element 34, in particular the connecting region 34c, has a
• Diameter 58 of less than or equal to 8 mm, for example 6 mm.
• Electrode 33 is the connecting element 34, in particular the connecting portion 34c, through the aperture 36 and passed into the inner region 31a.
• the connecting element 34 has an end region 34 a, which protrudes from the ceramic body 36.
• End portion 34a is a thread 41, for example, an M8 screw formed.
• a diameter of the end portion 34a is larger than the diameter 58 of the connecting portion 34c.
• the connecting element 34 is firmly connected to the ceramic body 36, for example by means of brazing.
• the connecting element 34 has a widened
• a diameter of the central portion 34b is larger than the diameter 58 of the connecting portion 34a and larger than the diameter of the end portion 34a.
• the Central region 34b is disc-shaped.
• Central region 34b immediately adjoins the end region 34a.
• the middle region 34b is between
• the middle region 34a lies at least in a partial region directly on the ceramic body 36, in particular one
• soldering region 47 is formed for soldering connection element 34 and ceramic body 36.
• the absorber 30 further comprises a ceramic element 35. But they are too
• Embodiments without ceramic element 35 conceivable.
• the ceramic element 35 is annular.
• the ceramic element 35 has an opening for the passage of the connection element 34.
• the ceramic element 35 is arranged in the inner region 31a.
• the ceramic element 35 closes or delimits the inner region 31a of the housing in the direction of the ceramic housing 36.
• the ceramic element 35 rests in a side region directly on the housing 31, in particular on its inner side 31b.
• the ceramic element 35 is in the longitudinal direction of the Abieiters 30 between the shielding member 32 and the
• Ceramic housing 36 is arranged.
• the ceramic member 35 enhances the shielding from the ceramic body 36 to the discharge space located between the case 31 and the center electrode 33.
• the ceramic element 35 has a step or Survey 40.
• the stage 40 is circulating at one
• the stage 40 is designed for this purpose
• the ceramic member 35 is attached to the shielding member 32
• soldered for example by means of brazing.
• a soldering area 46 is formed between the shielding element 32 and the ceramic element 35, in particular the step 40.
• the Abieiter 30 also has an ignition aid 37.
• the ignition aid 37 may include one or a plurality of
• the ignition aid 37 runs parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the Abieiters 30th
• the ignition aid is arranged on an inner wall of the ceramic body 36.
• the ignition aid 37 is in

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• 2017
  • 2017-07-05 DE DE102017115030.7A patent/DE102017115030A1/de active Pending
• 2018
  • 2018-05-08 EP EP18723481.0A patent/EP3649708A1/de active Pending
  • 2018-05-08 WO PCT/EP2018/061833 patent/WO2019007566A1/de unknown
  • 2018-05-08 CN CN201880044829.8A patent/CN110800176B/zh active Active
  • 2018-05-08 US US16/626,230 patent/US11025037B2/en active Active

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