Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
  • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/02—Water
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
  • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
  • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
  • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
  • C10M2201/083—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen nitrites
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
  • C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/12—Glass
  • C10M2201/123—Glass used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
  • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/042—Sulfate esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/061—Metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/10—Groups 5 or 15
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/14—Group 7
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/66—Hydrolytic stability
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

Definitions

• the invention relates to a composition for the production of a lubricant composition, the use of this composition as a performance additive in lubricant compositions, preferably in cooling lubricant compositions, in particular in cooling lubricant solutions, a lubricant composition and methods for producing the same.
• Cooling lubricants are often used when processing metal.
• the term "cooling lubricant" according to DIN 51385 designates a metalworking medium which is used in particular to support metalworking or forming processes or to influence the microstructure (cf. also AR Eyres, RN Mather, J. Inst. Petr. 59 (565), pp. 9-17, 1973 ).
• Cooling lubricants can be divided into the main groups of non-water-miscible and water-miscible cooling lubricants, with the water-miscible further differentiating between emulsifiable and water-soluble cooling lubricants.
• Cooling lubricants can make a significant contribution to the economy of metalworking processes. For example, their use can significantly influence the service life of the machining tools used and / or the quality of the workpiece.
• a cooling lubricant In the contact zone between the chip and the tool, a cooling lubricant should have a cooling and friction-reducing effect if possible. If the cooling effect is in the foreground, water-miscible cooling lubricants are mainly used for this. Have this however often poorer lubricating performance and resistance to microorganisms compared to non-water-miscible cooling lubricants.
• non-water-miscible namely oil-based cooling lubricants are used. These are characterized above all by their good friction-reducing properties.
• a disadvantage of the non-water-miscible cooling lubricants is that their cooling effect is low compared to water-miscible cooling lubricants due to the low specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity.
• the components are more difficult to clean after processing than when using water-miscible cooling lubricants.
• Another problem is the oil mist, which can occur when using the oils, especially at high cutting speeds. The aerosols it contains lead to health-endangering lung loads. The oil mist may also be easily flammable, so that adequate safety precautions must be taken.
• Cooling lubricants can also be emulsions that combine the beneficial properties of the cooling effect and the reduction in friction ( W. Baumann, B. Herberg-Liedtke, Chemicals in Metal Working, Berlin; Heidelberg Springer, 1995, pp. 37f ).
• An emulsion is a disperse system that is created by mixing two liquids that are not soluble in one another. They show a relatively good lubrication performance and an acceptable cooling effect.
• EP 1 319 703 A1 water-based coolant emulsions for metal forming. After drying, these form a lubricating film on the workpiece.
• the emulsions also contain emulsified paraffin wax to reduce friction.
• Critical to cooling lubricant emulsions are - in addition to the high manufacturing costs - above all the instability of the emulsion, particularly with respect to foreign oil input, salt load and water hardness, and the colonization of the emulsion with microorganisms.
• the attack on fungi and bacteria reduces the corrosion protection behavior of the emulsions and leads to health problems for the personnel.
• the emulsion loses stability due to the attack by microorganisms, which can cause malfunctions. Emulsions also tend to foam. It is therefore typical for lubricant emulsions that they contain a large number of auxiliaries, such as, for example, biocides, emulsifiers or defoamers. In addition to the oil phase present in emulsions, these auxiliaries represent a challenge when it comes to maintaining the emulsion, occupational safety and cleaning the components.
• auxiliaries represent an additional health burden for the user and the environment, since these substances are mostly compounds, in particular organic compounds with a relatively low molecular weight, which are preferably at elevated temperatures - as is customary in metal-cutting or forming processes - go into the gas phase and thus potentially pose a health and environmental risk.
• the object of the invention is accordingly to provide a composition for producing a lubricant composition and a lubricant composition which reduces or overcomes at least one of the disadvantages mentioned.
• the object is achieved by a composition for producing a lubricant composition
• a composition for producing a lubricant composition comprising a component (A) or a component (B), or mixtures thereof.
• Component (A) consists of one or more inorganic salts
• component (B) consists of one or more compounds each containing at least one structural unit XC.
• C is carbon and X is silicon (Si), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or sulfur (S).
• X and C are linked to one another by means of a ⁇ bond, ⁇ bond or ionic bond.
• the composition is further characterized in that a homogeneous solution is formed when water is added at room temperature.
• composition can also be obtained by bringing together at least two salts of component (A), at least two compounds of component (B) or mixtures of at least one salt of component (A) and a compound from component (B). Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all further preferred embodiments therefore relate to these two versions of the composition according to the invention.
• composition according to the invention is suitable for providing lubricant compositions which have a high lubricating performance and also a good cooling performance.
• the performance of this lubricant composition is comparable to, or even better than, known coolant emulsions. This was demonstrated, for example, when it was used in metal cutting or when metal, in particular steel and aluminum, was formed (see Example 3).
• the lubricant compositions provided according to the invention also have the advantage over the prior art that they manage with fewer, preferably even completely without auxiliaries and / or additional performance additives to achieve the desired lubrication performance. For example, they show good biostability even without the addition of biocides (see Example 7). The use of defoamers can also be dispensed with (see Example 6).
• composition according to the invention is the easier separation of foreign oil from a lubricant composition produced with the composition. This is especially true if it is a lubricant solution. If the liquid lubricant, especially the cooling lubricant solution, is contaminated with foreign oils during use, it can simply be skimmed off. Oils generally have a lower density than water and are poorly or not at all soluble in water. Accordingly, oils and / or fats accumulate preferably on the surface of the lubricant solution and can be easily removed there.
• the lubricant composition according to the invention in particular the cooling lubricant solution, shows a certain insensitivity to different degrees of hardness of the water (example 5).
• the "water hardness” is the concentration of the salts of alkaline earth metals dissolved in water, in particular of the alkaline earth metal ions, preferably calcium and magnesium. If the concentration of alkaline earth metals is high - the water is very hard - the ions contained therein can react with ionic compounds contained in the lubricant composition. In the case of cooling lubricant emulsions in particular, a high sensitivity to hard water is observed, since the emulsions generally contain emulsifiers (e.g. fatty acids). These can react with the alkaline earth metal ions. This often results in unwanted deposits that can adversely affect the performance of the cooling lubricants. This makes complex softening processes necessary, which can result in increased lubricant costs.
• emulsifiers e.g. fatty acids
• compositions according to the invention only contain components that are water-soluble and form a homogeneous solution in water, lubricant compositions formed with them preferably have no emulsifiers. Therefore, they show a greater insensitivity to unwanted reactions with ions of the alkaline earth metals from hard water. Thus, the formation of unfavorable deposits or an associated loss of performance can be reduced. In addition, there is no need for complex softening processes.
• solution is defined as a homogeneous distribution of molecularly disperse particles in a liquid medium. All particles are present in a molecular dispersion. They therefore all form a common phase. A solution is therefore different from a multi-phase system in which one phase is the dispersant in which the other phases are distributed (ie dispersed), such as an emulsion or suspension.
• composition according to the invention is therefore at the same time characterized in that it does not form an emulsion or suspension after being brought together with water and that no mini, nano or microemulsion is formed or is contained therein.
• micelles, vesicles or mesophases, such as lamellar systems are not present after the addition of water.
• the bond between X and C includes compounds with element-carbon- ⁇ -bond, ⁇ -bond or even ionic bond.
• the elements (X) of the element-carbon bonds are selected independently of one another from silicon (Si), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or sulfur (S).
• compositions according to the invention can interact and / or react with one another.
• ion exchange reactions are possible in the case of the inorganic or organic element salts.
• compositions according to the invention are therefore obtainable by bringing together at least two inorganic salts of component (A) or at least two compounds of component (B) which are defined as herein or from at least one inorganic salt of component (A) and at least a compound of component (B) as defined herein.
• the composition according to the invention contains both component (A) and component (B). It is particularly preferred that the composition according to the invention consists of these components. If these compositions are used to produce a lubricant composition, the composition itself - that is to say without further additives, auxiliaries or solvents - can constitute the lubricant composition.
• the composition can be used in solid or liquid form as a lubricant composition. However, other constituents, such as additives such as a corrosion inhibitor or a pH regulating agent, can optionally also be added to the composition to produce the lubricant composition, if appropriate in addition to a solvent (see below).
• components (A) and (B) taken individually and together when water is added form a homogeneous solution means that they are also characterized in that the surface tension of water changes when the composition is added not at all, or only barely changed.
• the "surface tension” is also referred to as specific surface energy. It is a force that acts on liquids at the boundary with a gas or vacuum tangential to the interface. By adding certain substances, the surface tension of liquids can be changed significantly.
• the measurement of the change in surface tension is known to the person skilled in the art. It can e.g. according to the following standards: ASTM D 1331; ISO 6889; DIN EN 14210.
• a preferred method for determining the surface tension is the bubble pressure method, based on ASTM D 3825, and the drop volume method based on ASTM D 2285 (see also Example 2).
• a particularly preferred aspect of the invention relates to the use of the composition according to the invention as a performance additive for producing a lubricant composition, in particular for metal cutting or for forming processes.
• a performance additive is a substance or a mixture of substances that measures the lubricating performance of a lubricant composition in performance tests aimed at lubricating performance, such as the four-ball device (VKA) for determining the welding force in accordance with DIN 51350-2 and / or the cross-cylinder test for determining the Reichert value (see Example 3) improved.
• the composition or the lubricant composition contains no oil, wax or fat, especially no mineral oil, synthetic oil, vegetable oil or animal fat.
• the composition or lubricant composition is therefore preferably free of oil, wax or fat, in particular free of natural or synthetic wax, in particular free of microcrystalline wax, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, carnauba wax or mixtures thereof.
• composition and lubricant composition contain no solid ingredients such as resins.
• the good lubricating performance of the composition according to the invention and of the lubricant composition produced with this composition could be due to an interaction between the metal surface and the inorganic salts and / or the element-organic compound.
• a tribologically active layer could be formed between the metal surface and the composition according to the invention by physisorption or chemisorption. The viscosity of the composition does not seem to play a significant role in the lubrication performance.
• Adsorption means the attachment of atoms or molecules to a surface. Depending on the type of binding forces between atom or molecule and surface, a distinction is made between physisorption and chemisorption.
• chemisorption denotes a type of adsorption on surfaces in which the adsorbed molecules are held in place by a chemical bond on the surface of the solid.
• the electronic structures of adsorbate and surface are therefore changed in the case of chemisorption.
• components (A) and (B) each have a solubility in water at 25 ° C. of at least 25 g / L, preferably of at least 50 g / L, more preferably of at least 100 g / L, particularly preferably of 200 g / L, particularly preferably of at least 500 g / L.
• the "solubility" of a substance indicates the extent to which a pure substance can be dissolved in a solvent. It can also be given as the ratio of substance mass to volume of the solution. The unit of solubility is g / L.
• component (A) contains inorganic salts with sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or mixtures thereof.
• Compositions in which component (A) contains sulfur (S) or phosphorus (P) or mixtures thereof are preferred.
• Compositions are particularly advantageous in which component (A) contains a group selected from sulfide, sulfite, sulfate, thiosulfate, disulfite, tetrathionate, sulfonate, ammonium, nitride, nitrate, phosphide, phosphite, phosphate, diphosphate, polyphosphate, Pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or salts or mixtures thereof.
• component (A) contains a group selected from sulfide, sulfite, sulfate, thiosulfate, disulfite, tetrathionate, sulfonate, ammonium, nitride, nitrate, phosphide, phosphite, phosphate, diphosphate, polyphosphate, Pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or salts or mixtures thereof.
• Component (A) particularly preferably contains a group selected from the group consisting of sulfite, disulfite, thiosulfate, phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or salts or mixtures thereof, component (A) particularly preferably contains a group selected from the group consisting of from sodium sulfite, sodium disulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate or mixtures thereof.
• Component (B) is preferably selected from the group consisting of organophosphorus, organosulfur, nitrogen-organic compounds or mixtures thereof, preferably organophosphorus, organosulfur compounds or mixtures thereof, more preferably organophosphorus or organosulfur compounds, particularly preferably from organophosphorus compounds.
• component (B) contains at least one group which is selected from the group consisting of sulfate, thiosulfate, disulfite, Tetrathionate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate, ammonium or salts or mixtures thereof, preferably from sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate or salts or mixtures thereof, further preferably sulfonate, phosphate, phosphon, Bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate or salts or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably phosphonate, bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate or salts or mixtures thereof, in particular component (B) is selected from the group consisting of bisphosphonates or salts thereof.
• phosphonate denotes compounds of the structural formula R-PO (OH) 2 , where R is preferably an organic radical.
• R is preferably selected from the group of alkyl, alkenyl or aryl radicals; particularly preferred are optionally functionalized radicals which contain N, P, O or S.
• the optionally functionalized phosphonates can be aminophosphonates.
• oligophosphonates Compounds containing the structural unit - [P (O) ORO] n - are designated as oligophosphonates.
• the parameter n denotes the number of repetition units. For oligophosphonates, this is in the range from 3 to 20.
• polyphosphonate denotes compounds of the structural unit - [P (O) ORO] n - where polyphosphonates have more than 20 repeating units n.
• component (B) contains bisphosphonates.
• 1,1-diphosphonic acids or their salts in particular 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or its salt (i.e. etridronic acid), has proven to be advantageous.
• component (B) is therefore selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyalkene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy-3-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 3-amino-1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy-4-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-amino-4-hydroxyalkane 1,1-diphosphonic acid, alkylamino-1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-disphosphonic acid or their salts or mixtures thereof, preferably 1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 3-amino-1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy-3-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, alky
• Alkane denotes an organic hydrocarbon compound with the general formula C n H 2 n +2 .
• alkane is used to designate molecules to indicate that it is the backbone of the molecule under consideration.
• alkane also includes substituted alkanes, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
• Alkene denotes an organic hydrocarbon compound with the general formula C n H 2n , which contain at least one double bond.
• alkene also includes optionally substituted alkenes, unless explicitly stated otherwise.
• “Optionally substituted” means that hydrogen atoms in the corresponding molecule or in the corresponding radical can be replaced by substituents. If a molecule is substituted, either all of the hydrogen atoms can be replaced by substituents or the hydrogen atoms can only be partially replaced by substituents.
• alkyl means a part of a molecule consisting of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms. Alkyl radicals have the general formula -C n H 2n + 1 .
• alkyl is derived from the underlying "alkane", from which a hydrogen atom has been removed. The term “alkyl” is used nomenclaturally to indicate that it is a side chain of the molecule. "Alkyl” also includes optionally substituted alkyl radicals, even if this is not specifically stated.
• alkenyl denotes a part of a molecule which consists of optionally substituted carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms.
• an alkenyl group with a double bond has in particular the general formula -C n H 2n-1 .
• alkenyl groups can also have more than one double bond.
• the number of hydrogen atoms varies depending on the number of double bonds in the alkenyl group. Examples of alkenyl groups are vinyl, allyl, 2-butenyl and 2-hexenyl.
• Aryl residue means a part of a molecule that contains an aromatic group.
• An "aromatic group” means cyclic, planar aromatic hydrocarbons. The aromatic group can in particular be monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic. An aromatic group can also contain heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, P and S. Examples of aromatic groups are benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, furan, pyrrole, thiophene, isoxazole, pyridine and quinoline, the necessary number of hydrogen atoms being removed in each case in the abovementioned examples in order to enable inclusion in the corresponding structural formula.
• R * is an aromatic group with 6 carbon atoms, especially benzene
• two hydrogen atoms would be removed from the aromatic group, especially benzene, to allow inclusion in the structural formula .
• the composition contains component (A) selected from the group consisting of sulfite, disulfite, thiosulfate, phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or mixtures thereof, and component (B) selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxyethane -1,1-disphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or their salts or mixtures thereof.
• component (A) selected from the group consisting of sulfite, disulfite, thiosulfate, phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or mixtures thereof
• component (B) selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxyethane -1,1-disphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or their salts or mixtures thereof.
• composition with the components (A) sodium sulfite, sodium disulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate or mixtures thereof and component (B) selected from etidronic acid, sodium etidronate, potassium etidronate or mixtures thereof.
• the composition contains both component (A) and component (B). It was found that
• Compositions with particularly advantageous properties result if at least 40% by weight of component (A), preferably at least 50% by weight of component (A), more preferably at least 60% by weight of component (A), particularly preferably at least 80% by weight of component (A), in particular at least 90% by weight of component (A), based on the total weight of components (A) and (B) are present.
• the weight ratio of components (A) and (B) is preferably in the range between 40:60 to 95: 5.
• the weight ratio of components (A) and (B) is at least 40:60, preferably at least 50:50, more preferably at least 60:40, particularly preferably at least 70:30, in particular at least 80:20 lies.
• compositions contain only solids. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the compositions are solid compositions. These can be in any form, for example powder or granules.
• composition according to the invention may be advantageous to compact in solid form. This applies in particular to powder.
• Conventional compaction methods such as cold pressing, sintering, hot pressing or rolling, can be used for the compacting.
• Granules can be obtained by conventional methods such as wet granulation or dry granulation.
• compositions can be used without further processing as a lubricant or, after dilution with a solvent, preferably water, for example as a cooling lubricant.
• composition is in solid form, it may be advantageous to process it into tablets ("tabs").
• the tablets can be obtained from granules or powder by means of conventional compression processes. This embodiment primarily facilitates the transport and storage of the composition before it is processed into lubricant compositions.
• the tablet additionally contains a disintegrant.
• a disintegrant Conventional explosives are familiar to the person skilled in the art in this area.
• Preferred disintegrants are selected, for example, from the group consisting of starch, cellulose derivatives, alginic acids, dextrans and cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidones and gas-developing substance mixtures such as e.g. Sodium bicarbonate and citric or tartaric acid or mixtures thereof.
• compositions according to the invention in solid form preferably as powder, granules or - particularly preferably - in the form of tablets can form a lubricant composition, in particular a cooling lubricant for metalworking, in particular for metalworking, by adding water.
• the invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for producing a lubricant solution, in particular a cooling lubricant solution, preferably for metal cutting.
• a composition according to the invention for producing a lubricant solution, in particular a cooling lubricant solution, preferably for metal cutting.
• This composition is preferably in the form of a tablet or a powder.
• the tablet can be made as described herein.
• the composition can also be used directly for the production of a lubricant composition without compacting or further processing.
• it is preferably mixed with water, in particular only with water.
• a lubricant composition which contains at least 80% by weight of water is particularly advantageous. This shows a consistently good cooling effect.
• the lubricant composition contains at least 85% by weight of water, more preferably at least 90% by weight of water, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight of water.
• the upper limit for water is typically 99% by weight.
• cooling lubricants according to the invention which have a high water content, are particularly advantageous for use in metal cutting.
• Cooling lubricants containing a cooling liquid with a high enthalpy of vaporization are particularly preferred.
• the "enthalpy of vaporization” refers to the amount of heat needed to bring a specified amount of liquid from a liquid to a gas (i.e., to evaporate it).
• Water has a standard enthalpy of vaporization (25 ° C) of 43 kJ / mol. This is particularly high compared to many other liquids, i.e. the liquid can use a lot of energy e.g. absorb in the form of heat before it changes to the gaseous state.
• the concentration of component (A) and / or component (B) in the case of the lubricant compositions according to the invention is in the range from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 10 % By weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
• compositions which have a higher concentration of component (A) and / or component (B) in the range from 25 to 95% by weight are also referred to as concentrates for the purposes of the invention.
• concentration of component (A) and / or component (B) is therefore 25 to 95% by weight, preferably 30 to 80% by weight, particularly preferably 35 to 60% by weight. %.
• the lubricant composition can contain customary additives which vary according to the particular
• auxiliary substances are advantageously water-soluble. Accordingly, it advantageously forms a homogeneous solution even after the auxiliaries have been added.
• the particularly preferred lubricant compositions are therefore also solutions.
• the invention also includes lubricant compositions which, after the addition of auxiliaries, are present as disperse or colloidally disperse compositions, optionally also as emulsions.
• lubricant compositions which include surface-active substances such as wetting agents or emulsifiers are also included contain.
• the lubricant compositions according to the invention can in particular contain anti-corrosion agents. These are preferably selected from the group consisting of triazoles, thiadiazoles, organophosphoric acids, boric acid, boric acid derivatives, sulfonic acids, sulfonates, sulfonic acid esters, carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof. Benzotriazole, benzothiadiazole, maleic acid, malonic acid, isononanoic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid or mixtures thereof are preferred.
• the corrosion protection agent is preferably in the lubricant composition at a maximum of 10% by weight, preferably at most 5% by weight, further preferably at most 2% by weight, particularly preferably at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.1% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
• lubricant compositions which contain elemental organic compounds, in particular bisphosphonates such as etidronic acid, already have good corrosion properties, even with only a small amount or without the addition of anti-corrosion agents. This is due to the fact that these compounds themselves can have a protective effect against corrosion. This applies in particular to bisphosphonates such as etidronic acid.
• the corrosion protection agent is therefore in the lubricant composition containing component (B), preferably bisphosphonate, particularly preferably etidronic acid and its salts or mixtures thereof, in particular Etidronic acid, sodium etidronate and potassium etidronate or mixtures thereof, to a maximum of 2% by weight, preferably a maximum of 1% by weight, particularly preferably a maximum of 0.1% by weight, in particular a maximum of 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the Lubricant composition included.
• component (B) preferably bisphosphonate, particularly preferably etidronic acid and its salts or mixtures thereof, in particular Etidronic acid, sodium etidronate and potassium etidronate or mixtures thereof, to a maximum of 2% by weight, preferably a maximum of 1% by weight, particularly preferably a maximum of 0.1% by weight, in particular a maximum of 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the Lubricant composition included.
• PH regulators can also be included. These are preferably selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids or bases, preferably from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, elemental oxygen acids or mixtures thereof, preferably alkali metal hydroxides, phosphoric acids or phosphoric acid derivatives or mixtures thereof, in particular sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or phosphoric acid. Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or mixtures thereof are very particularly preferred.
• pH regulators are advantageously added to the lubricant compositions according to the invention such that the pH of the lubricant composition is between 6 and 10, preferably between 7 and 9, particularly preferably 9.
• the lubricant compositions can also contain humectants, which are preferably selected from the group consisting of alcohols, multiple alcohols, polyols or mixtures thereof. Glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with molar masses less than 1000 g / mol are preferred.
• the lubricant compositions are at most 1% by weight, preferably at most 0.1%. -%, particularly preferably a maximum of 0.01 wt .-% biocides.
• Biocides can preferably be selected from the group consisting of isothiazolinones, carbamates, formaldehyde, formaldehyde depot substances, phenols, phenol derivatives, alcohols, amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, alkali pyrithiones or mixtures thereof. Isothiazolinones, alkali pyrithiones, amine oxides and quaternary ammonium compounds or mixtures thereof are very particularly preferred.
• a wetting agent can also be advantageous. Because of the advantages of the composition according to the invention (see above), even small amounts of a wetting agent can be sufficient to improve the lubricating performance. They can be selected from the group consisting of ionic, amphoteric, non-ionic surfactants, polymer surfactants, detergents, soaps or mixtures thereof.
• ionic surfactants such as preferably a mixture of castor oil, ricinoleic acid and sulfuric acid ester and their salts (“Turkish red oil”), leads to lubricant compositions with particularly advantageous properties.
• non-ionic surfactants is preferably dispensed with.
• the wetting agent in the lubricant composition is advantageously at most 2% by weight, preferably at most 1% by weight, more preferably at most 0.1% by weight, particularly preferably at most 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition contain.
• defoamers can also be added. These are preferably selected from the group consisting of silicones, siloxanes, organosiloxanes, phosphoric acid esters, mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids or mixtures thereof. Siloxanes, organosiloxanes or mixtures thereof are preferred.
• the lubricant composition advantageously contains both a pH regulating agent and a humectant and an anti-corrosion agent.
• compositions and lubricant composition according to the invention are described below.
• the lubricant compositions according to the invention have good performance in the four-ball apparatus (VKA) for determining the welding force in accordance with DIN 51350-2 . Furthermore, good results are achieved in the so-called cross-cylinder test (XCT) for these lubricant compositions.
• TTT Tapping Torque Test
• lubricant compositions according to the invention in particular as a lubricant solution, also allows simplified monitoring of the process control, in particular with regard to the consumption or loss of lubricant components.
• the use of just one solution has the advantage that conventional methods such as spectrometric, titrimetric or electroanalytical methods can be used to determine and monitor the concentration, in particular of components (A) and / or (B). This allows simple detection (monitoring) of the consumption of lubricant components, in particular components (A) and / or (B) during the metalworking process.
• the lubricant composition can be introduced into a detection unit, for example after contact with the workpiece, in order to determine the consumption of components of the lubricant composition.
• the detection unit can also be part of the metalworking device, directly or indirectly.
• the lubricant composition used in this process can be used in solid or liquid form. However, if the lubricant composition is applied to the workpiece in solid form, it may be advantageous if it is transferred to an aqueous solution before the determination of components (A) and / or (B). Regardless of the original state of the lubricant composition, it can be diluted with water to determine the concentration.
• a “spectrometric” method refers to a measurement based on spectroscopy.
• the term “spectroscopy” summarizes a group of physical methods, each of which breaks down radiation according to a specific property, such as energy, mass or wavelength.
• a “titrimetric” method describes a measuring method for the quantitative determination of a substance using titration.
• Tiration is a process in which a solution whose concentration is known is brought into contact with a sample of unknown concentration. The volume of the solution used is measured and the unknown concentration of the sample is calculated using the stoichiometry.
• electroanalytical method denotes a measurement method for the quantitative determination of a substance with the aid of the measurement of electrical currents and / or voltages.
• the electroanalytical method comes from the main categories of potentiometry, coulometry, amperometry or voltammetry (e.g. polarography).
• the consumption of the component can be compensated for again by adding a desired amount of this component (“subsequent dosing”). A desired setpoint can thus be achieved again.
• a further advantageous aspect of the invention therefore relates to a method for regulating the concentration of lubricant components, in particular components (A) and / or (B), in a lubricant composition. It is advantageously a lubricant solution.
• a liquid preferably water
• Solutions of the cooling lubricant compositions were prepared. Solution 1 % By weight water 53.30 Sodium disulfite 16.00 Sodium tripolyphosphate 2.00 Etidronic acid 8.00 Anticorrosive 0.70 pH regulator 20.00 Solution 2 % By weight water 44.30 Sodium disulfite 35.00 Anticorrosive 0.70 pH regulator 5.00 Wetting agent 15.00
• the lubricant composition can be adjusted to the desired concentration by adding water.
• the alkaline components are first dissolved in water.
• the acidic components are then optionally added.
• the pH is particularly preferred with the addition of a pH control agent in the range from 6 to 10, preferably from 7 to 9 set to 9.
• sulfur-containing components are added and the pH is again adjusted to the desired range 8 to 10, in particular 9.
• further additives for example biocides, wetting agents or humectants.
• Diluted solutions are illustrated by the following examples as further possible embodiments: Solution 3 % By weight water 85.70 Etidronic acid 8.00 Benzotriazole 0.10 Glycerin 1.20 phosphoric acid 5.00 Solution 4 % By weight water 89.30 Sodium tripolyphosphate 5.00 Etidronic acid 1.50 Benzotriazole 0.10 Glycerin 1.10 phosphoric acid 3.00 Solution 5 % By weight water 90.20 Sodium sulfite 5.00 Etidronic acid 1.60 Benzotriazole 0.10 Glycerin 1.10 phosphoric acid 2.00
• the dynamic surface tension was determined using a tensiometer by the bubble pressure method (based on ASTM D 3825). For this purpose, a gas was pressed through a cannula into the lubricant solution according to the invention (solution 1, example 1) and, for comparison, in water. The bubble surface formed in the process bulged and thereby continuously reduced the bubble radius. The surface tension was determined via the bubble pressure. By varying the rate of bubble formation, the surface tension was determined as a function of the surface age (dynamic surface tension.
• the static surface tension was determined in accordance with ASTM D 2285 by the drop volume method.
• the number of drops was determined, which results from a specified volume of liquid.
• the measurement was carried out with the lubricant composition according to the invention (solution 1) and for comparison with water.
• the torque during thread production was determined using a TTT system at 25 ° C and a speed of 800 rpm.
• the core of the TTT system consists of a torque-monitored thread production unit supplemented with standardized measuring equipment (TTT standard) and an evaluation and analysis software.
• the thread production unit consists of a tool that is in contact with an aluminum block for thread forming brought. Pre-drilled holes were formed during the test.
• the torque was determined as the value for the power expended.
• the lubricant composition to be tested was filled into the pre-drilled holes and the tool was brought into contact with the aluminum block.
• a test cylinder was brought into contact with a rotating test ring.
• the abrasion surface had the shape of an ellipse.
• the main axes of the ellipse were measured and the projection area of the abrasion surface could be calculated from the diameter.
• the pressing force combined with the projected abrasion coefficient then gave the Reichert value in N / m 2 .
• test cooling lubricants according to the invention were tested in a four-ball system (DIN 51350-1) which consisted of a rotating ball (running ball) which slid under a specified test force on three balls of the same type (standing balls). The test force was gradually increased until the four-ball system was welded.
• the ball pot or ball holder consisting of clamp, pressure plate and test balls, was carefully cleaned and dried in water and a residue-free solvent, preferably FAM gasoline.
• the cleaned ball head is provided with three cleaned standing balls and firmly clamped with a clamping device.
• the ball cup is then filled with the lubricant composition without bubbles.
• the ball cup was filled so that the standing balls were covered and the ball holder of the running ball was not immersed in the lubricant.
• Ball cup and the lubricant composition were between 18 ° C and 40 ° C.
• the ball was pressed into the ball holder on the motor axis.
• the test force was applied, the test force being set according to defined load levels from 2000 N to a maximum of 7000 N.
• the drive motor was set to 1450 revolutions per minute.
• test force was increased to determine the welding force until the balls were welded together.
• VKA welding force of a lubricant composition was determined for the welding force by means of two matching individual measured values from three tests each. Table 3 summarizes the results thus obtained, giving the welding force in Newton N: ⁇ b> Table 3: Test results of the VKA welding power of the KSS ⁇ /b> Lubricant composition Welding force [N] KSS 1 7000 KSS 2 6500 KSS 3 2800 KSS 4 7000 KSS 5 6500 KSS 6 2800 Comparative example ⁇ 2000
• cooling lubricant solutions of different concentrations were first prepared, as described in Example 3. Furthermore, iron filings were placed on a filter paper in a petri dish. Then 2 mL of the lubricant compositions to be examined were added to the iron filings. After 2 hours the lubricant composition and iron filings were removed.
• the filter paper was visually assessed for any rust residue.
• the visual evaluation showed that no corrosion is observed in the lubricant compositions from a critical concentration of at least 5% by weight of the performance additive. At lower concentrations, for example 1% by weight, the iron filings were corroded.
• the back solubility could be completely guaranteed. The majority of the components came off after only 10 seconds. The complete redissolution of the components could be observed after 7 minutes.
• solutions 1 and 2 according to the invention were diluted with water of different degrees of hardness, so that solutions with 5% by weight of the composition according to the invention result. These solutions were checked for transparency and stability.
• the lubricant composition according to the invention (solutions 1, example 1) is inoculated with a contaminated sample. Immediately after the addition of the contaminated sample, the contamination was also found in solution 1. This disappeared again during the first 5 to 7 inoculations. It was only from the 8th cycle that a permanent germ load could be observed. However, independent germ growth without inoculation was not observed over a period of at least 10 weeks.
• Composition obtainable by bringing together at least two inorganic salts of component (A) or at least two compounds of component (B), which are as defined in embodiment 1, or of at least one inorganic salt of component (A) and at least one compound of component (B ), which is defined as in embodiment 1.
• composition according to embodiment 1 or 2 wherein the surface tension of water is reduced by a maximum of 10%, preferably a maximum of 5%, particularly preferably a maximum of 2% when the composition is added.
• composition according to one of the preceding embodiments, the composition comprising component (A) and component (B), preferably consisting thereof.
• components (A) and (B) each have a solubility in water at 25 ° C. of at least 25 g / L, preferably of at least 50 g / L, more preferably of at least 100 g / L, particularly preferably of 200 g / L, particularly preferably of at least 500 g / L.
• component (A) containing sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or mixtures thereof, preferably sulfur (S) or phosphorus (P) or mixtures thereof.
• component (A) contains a group which is selected from sulfide, sulfite, sulfate, thiosulfate, disulfite, tetrathionate, sulfonate, ammonium, nitride, nitrate, phosphide, phosphite, phosphate, diphosphate, polyphosphate, Pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or salts or mixtures thereof, preferably from sulfite, disulfite, thiosulfate, phosphate, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, metaphosphate or salts or mixtures thereof, in particular component (A) is selected from sodium sulfite, sodium disulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium phosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate Sodium hexametaphosphate or mixtures thereof.
• component (A) is selected from sodium sulfite, sodium disulfite, sodium thiosul
• component (B) is selected from the group consisting of Organophosphorus, organosulfur, nitrogen-organic compounds or mixtures thereof, preferably from organophosphorus, organosulfur compounds or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from organophosphorus or organosulfur compounds, in particular organophosphorus compounds.
• component (B) contains at least one group which is selected from the group consisting of sulfate, thiosulfate, disulfite, tetrathionate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate, ammonium or salts or mixtures thereof, preferably from sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, phosphonate, bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate or salts or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from phosphonate, bisphosphonate, oligophosphonate, polyphosphonate or salts or mixtures thereof, in particular component (B) is selected from the group the bisphosphonates or salts thereof.
• component (B) contains at least one compound which is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyalkene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-aminoalkane-1 , 1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy-3-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 3-amino-1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy-4-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-amino -4-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, alkylamino-1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or their salts or mixtures thereof, preferably 1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-aminoalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 3-amino-1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy-3-aminoalkane-1,
• component (B) is selected from etidronic acid, sodium or potassium etidronate or mixtures thereof.
• composition according to one of the preceding embodiments which contains a corrosion inhibitor which is preferably selected from the group consisting of triazoles, thiadiazoles, organophophoric acids, boric acid, boric acid derivatives, sulfonic acids, sulfonates, sulfonic acid esters, carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from benzotriazole, benzothiadiazole, Maleic acid, malonic acid, isononanoic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid or mixtures thereof, benzotriazole is particularly preferred.
• a corrosion inhibitor which is preferably selected from the group consisting of triazoles, thiadiazoles, organophophoric acids, boric acid, boric acid derivatives, sulfonic acids, sulfonates, sulfonic acid esters, carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from benzotriazole, benzothiadiazole, Maleic acid, malonic acid, isononanoic acid, citric
• composition according to embodiment 14 wherein at most 10% by weight, preferably at most 5% by weight, more preferably at most 2% by weight, particularly preferably at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.1% by weight, of the corrosion protection agent based on the total weight of the composition is included.
• Composition according to one of the preceding embodiments which contains a humectant, which is preferably selected from the group consisting of alcohols, multiple alcohols, polyols or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with molar masses less than 1000 g / mol, in particular glycerol is preferred.
• a humectant which is preferably selected from the group consisting of alcohols, multiple alcohols, polyols or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with molar masses less than 1000 g / mol, in particular glycerol is preferred.
• composition which contains a pH regulating agent which is preferably selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids or bases, more preferably from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, elemental oxygen acids or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably alkali metal hydroxides, Phosphoric acids or phosphoric acid derivatives or mixtures thereof, in particular sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphoric acid or mixtures thereof.
• a pH regulating agent which is preferably selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids or bases, more preferably from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, elemental oxygen acids or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably alkali metal hydroxides, Phosphoric acids or phosphoric acid derivatives or mixtures thereof, in particular sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphoric acid or mixtures thereof.
• compositions according to one of the preceding embodiments for producing a cooling lubricant solution, which is in the form of a tablet or powder.
• composition according to one of the above embodiments as a performance additive in cooling lubricants.
• composition according to one of the above embodiments 1 to 21 as a performance additive in metal cutting.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the above embodiments 25 to 30, which contains a wetting agent which is preferably selected from the group consisting of ionic, amphoteric, non-ionic surfactants, polymer surfactants, detergents, soaps or mixtures thereof. in particular from castor oil, ricinoleic acid and sulfuric acid esters and their salts or mixtures thereof.
• a wetting agent which is preferably selected from the group consisting of ionic, amphoteric, non-ionic surfactants, polymer surfactants, detergents, soaps or mixtures thereof. in particular from castor oil, ricinoleic acid and sulfuric acid esters and their salts or mixtures thereof.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding embodiments 25 to 32, which contains a biocide which is preferably selected from the group consisting of isothiazolinones, carbamates, formaldehyde, formaldehyde depot substances, phenols, phenol derivatives, alcohols, amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, alkali pyrithione or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from isothiazolinones, alkali pyrithione, amine oxides and quaternary ammonium compounds or mixtures thereof.
• a biocide which is preferably selected from the group consisting of isothiazolinones, carbamates, formaldehyde, formaldehyde depot substances, phenols, phenol derivatives, alcohols, amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, alkali pyrithione or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably from isothiazolinones, alkali pyrithione, amine oxides and quaternary
• Lubricant composition according to embodiment 33 which contains at most 1% by weight, preferably at most 0.1% by weight, particularly preferably at most 0.01% by weight, of the biocide, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the above embodiments 25 to 34, the pH of the solution being in the range from 6 to 10, preferably from 7 to 9, particularly preferably 9.
• Lubricant composition according to one of the preceding claims 25 to 36, wherein no oil, wax or fat, preferably no natural or synthetic wax, in particular no microcrystalline wax, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, carnauba wax or mixtures thereof.
• a lubricant composition according to one of the above embodiments 25 to 37 as a cooling lubricant in metalworking, in particular in machining metalworking.

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• 2018
  • 2018-09-10 EP EP18193533.9A patent/EP3620502A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2019
  • 2019-09-10 WO PCT/EP2019/074144 patent/WO2020053232A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-09-10 US US17/270,311 patent/US11905489B2/en active Active
  • 2019-09-10 EP EP19779752.5A patent/EP3850066A1/fr active Pending
  • 2019-09-10 CN CN201980058866.9A patent/CN113166675A/zh active Pending

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