EP3615288B1 - Procédé de fabrication de panneaux de lamelles orientées osb à faible émission sur des composés organiques volatils (cov) - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de panneaux de lamelles orientées osb à faible émission sur des composés organiques volatils (cov) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3615288B1
EP3615288B1 EP18713575.1A EP18713575A EP3615288B1 EP 3615288 B1 EP3615288 B1 EP 3615288B1 EP 18713575 A EP18713575 A EP 18713575A EP 3615288 B1 EP3615288 B1 EP 3615288B1
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Prior art keywords
steam
strands
wood
wood strands
treated
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EP18713575.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3615288C0 (fr
EP3615288A1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Kalwa
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K1/00—Damping wood
    • B27K1/02—Apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L1/00—Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/007—Combined with manufacturing a workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
    • B27N3/143—Orienting the particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/10—Articles made of particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/15—Pretreated particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/10—Extraction of components naturally occurring in wood, cork, straw, cane or reed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing OSB wood-based panels according to claim 1.
  • OSB oriented strand boards
  • OSB panels are wood-based panels that are made from long chips (strands).
  • OSB panels are increasingly being used in timber and prefabricated house construction, since OSB panels are light and still meet the static requirements placed on building panels.
  • OSB panels are used as building panels and as wall or roof cladding or in the floor area.
  • the production of the OSB panels takes place in a multi-stage process, whereby first the chips or strands of debarked round wood, preferably softwood, are peeled off in the longitudinal direction by rotating knives. In the subsequent drying process, the natural moisture in the strands is reduced at high temperatures.
  • the degree of moisture in the strands can vary depending on the adhesive used, although the moisture should be well below 10% to avoid splitting during later pressing. Depending on the adhesive, wetting on rather damp strands or on dry strands can be better.
  • there should be as little moisture as possible in the strands during the pressing process in order to reduce the steam pressure that occurs during the pressing process as much as possible, since this could otherwise cause the raw panel to burst.
  • the strands After the strands have dried, they are fed into a gluing device, in which the glue or adhesive is applied to the chips in a finely distributed manner.
  • PMDI polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • MUPF melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde
  • glues are mainly used for gluing.
  • the glues can also be used mixed in the OSB panels. These glues are used because, as mentioned above, the OSB boards are often used for constructive applications. Glues that are resistant to moisture or moisture must be used there.
  • the glued strands are scattered alternately lengthwise and crosswise to the direction of production in scattering devices, so that the strands crosswise into at least three Layers are arranged (lower cover layer - middle layer - upper cover layer).
  • the scattering direction of the lower and upper cover layer is the same, but deviate from the scattering direction of the middle layer.
  • the strands used in the top layer and middle layer also differ from each other.
  • the strands used in the top layers are flat and the strands used in the middle layer are less flat and even chip-shaped. Normally, two strands of material are used in the manufacture of the OSB panels: one with flat strands for the later top layers and one with "chips" for the middle layer.
  • the strands in the middle layer can be of poorer quality, since the flexural strength is essentially generated by the top layers. For this reason, fines that are produced during machining can also be used in the middle layer of OSB panels.
  • the percentage distribution between middle and top layer is at least 70% to 30%. Following the scattering of the strands, they are continuously pressed under high pressure and at a high temperature of, for example, 200 to 250°C.
  • OSB panels are becoming increasingly popular and have a wide range of uses, for example as a construction element in house construction or as formwork in concrete construction.
  • the inherent hygroscopic properties of wood-based materials have a disadvantageous effect in some applications.
  • Escaping wood ingredients is viewed critically, particularly when OSB is used indoors. This is particularly problematic with OSB panels made from pine wood, since these show particularly high emissions of volatile organic compounds.
  • Volatile organic compounds also known as VOCs, include volatile organic substances that evaporate easily or are present as gases even at low temperatures, such as room temperature.
  • the volatile organic compounds are either already present in the wood material and are released from it during processing or, according to the current state of knowledge, they are formed by the breakdown of unsaturated fatty acids, which in turn are decomposition products of the wood.
  • Typical transformation products that occur during processing are for example pentanal and hexanal, but also octanal, 2-octenal or 1-heptenal.
  • Softwoods in particular, from which OSB panels are mainly made contain large amounts of resin and fats, which lead to the formation of volatile organic terpene compounds and aldehydes.
  • VOCs such as the aldehydes mentioned, can also arise or be released when using certain adhesives for the manufacture of wood-based materials.
  • OSB material panels are critical above all because this material is used uncoated for the most part. This allows the ingredients to evaporate unhindered.
  • OSB panels are often used for cladding/cladding large areas, which usually results in a high room load (m 2 OSB / m 3 room air). This also leads to a concentration of certain substances in the room air.
  • VOC scavengers almost always occurs after the drying process of the strands, as this and the temperature exposure in the press were considered to be the causes of the majority of emissions.
  • the VOC scavengers were added in liquid form via the gluing system, solids were added at various points in the process (e.g. spreading). This required an additional installation of dosing stations to ensure homogeneous distribution.
  • EP0695609A2 discloses a method for preheating grit to a predetermined preheating temperature during the manufacture of wood-based panels.
  • US5447686A discloses a method of treating wood strands with steam.
  • the invention is now based on the technical problem of improving the known method for producing OSB material panels to the effect that OSB material panels can be produced simply and safely with significantly reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). At least the emission of terpenes should be reduced. If possible, the manufacturing process should be changed as little as possible and the costs should not increase disproportionately. Furthermore, the solution should be as flexible as possible. Ultimately, ecological aspects should also be taken into account, i. H. the solution should not cause additional energy consumption or generate additional waste.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • Another technical task was to design a system that would allow easy treatment of the strands to reduce VOC emissions. This should be integrated into the production process and not disrupt or make the production of the OSB more expensive. The technical effort for the treatment should not lead to an increase in safety measures or contain a greater risk potential. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing OSB wood-based panels having the features of claim 1 .
  • wooden strands suitable for the production of OSB boards are provided, in particular with the aim of reducing VOC emissions from these wooden strands, the wooden strands being treated with water vapor after they have been obtained from suitable woods without drying, the water vapor having a temperature between 80°C and 120°C and a pressure between 0.5 bar and 2 bar over the wooden strands.
  • the treatment of the wooden strands with steam takes place in such a way that the steam at a temperature between 90° C. and 110° C., particularly preferably 100° C., at a pressure between 0.7 bar and 1.5 bar, particularly preferably at 1 bar (atmospheric pressure) is passed over the wooden strands.
  • the water vapor treatment thus takes place at the temperature-dependent pressure with which the water vapor is introduced into the treatment device.
  • steam treatment at normal pressure temperature of introduced steam of 100° C.
  • an additional (external) pressure ie in addition to the pressure with which water vapor enters the system. This leads to a simplification of the device, since no pressure vessels (such as an autoclave or a pressure chamber) are necessary for the steam treatment.
  • the water vapor treatment of the wooden strands takes place in a low-oxygen atmosphere or with the exclusion of oxygen as far as possible.
  • the present steam treatment of the wooden strands can be carried out in a separate steam treatment device (not according to the invention).
  • the steam treatment takes place outside of a flaker (e.g. knife ring flaker or disc flaker) and is therefore not part of the chipping or shredding process of wood for the production of wooden strands. It is also important that the steam treatment can be carried out before the wooden strands are dried.
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands takes place over a period of 5 to 30 minutes, preferably 10 to 20 minutes, particularly preferably 15 minutes.
  • the amount of steam is at most 1 kg steam/kg strands (atro).
  • the duration of the steam treatment is primarily determined by the speed of the conveyor on which the wood strands are fed through the steam treatment device in a continuous manner.
  • the water vapor is collected as condensate after it has passed the wooden strands. It is advantageous that the load of the condensate with organic compounds is relatively low.
  • the COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
  • the wooden strands used here can have a length between 50 to 200 mm, preferably 70 to 180 mm, particularly preferably 90 to 150 mm; a width between 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm, particularly preferably 15 to 20 mm; and have a thickness between 0.1 and 2 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 1.5 mm, particularly preferably between 0.4 and 1 mm.
  • the wooden strands have a length of between 150 and 200 mm, a width of between 15 and 20 mm, a thickness of between 0.5 and 1 mm and a maximum moisture content of 50%.
  • the at least one housing can be in the form of a metal tube or tubular body.
  • the at least one transport device consists of at least one conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt should have perforations or other openings so that the water vapor can be guided from the top of the conveyor belt past the wooden strands to the underside of the conveyor belt.
  • the wooden strands are distributed on the conveyor belt in such a way that water vapor can flow through the wooden strands homogeneously.
  • more than one spray means is provided on the steam supply line.
  • the number of spraying means is particularly dependent on the overall length of the housing.
  • the spraying means can also be controlled individually, so that the required amount of water vapor can be set in a targeted manner.
  • Nozzles or other suitable injectors can be used as spraying means, which enable uniform spraying and uniform distribution of the water vapor on and between the wooden strands.
  • the water vapor is collected as condensate after it has passed the wooden strands.
  • At least one means for collecting the condensate is provided below the conveyor belt (relative to the direction of flow of the steam).
  • the tubular body can be angled upwards in the direction of advance.
  • the condensate collected in this way contains wood constituents washed out of the wood strands, in particular aldehydes, organic acids and/or terpenes, in particular those which have a certain water solubility.
  • the steam-treated strands After leaving the steam treatment device, the steam-treated strands have a temperature of 80 to 90.degree. With this temperature, the wood strands from the steam treatment station enter a dryer (as part of the OSB board production line), which leads to an increase in dryer capacity. This means that the energy needed to remove wood ingredients can then be used for the drying process. In a normal process, the temperature at which the strands enter the dryer is around 25°C.
  • the wood strands treated with steam are used to produce OSB wood-based panels with reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the present method enables the production of OSB wood-based panels using steam-treated wood strands, which are introduced into a known manufacturing process in addition or as an alternative to untreated wood strands.
  • An OSB wood-based material panel produced using the method according to the invention, comprising wood strands treated with steam, has reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds, in particular of terpenes and aldehydes.
  • the OSB wood-based panels can be produced easily without significantly influencing the usual process chain and with significantly reduced emissions of volatile organic compounds from the OSB.
  • the energy requirement for drying the wooden strands can be reduced, since the wooden strands already have a higher temperature (e.g. approx. 90°C) when they enter the dryer; i.e. the use of energy during the steam treatment supports the drying process.
  • the use of additional chemicals can also be dispensed with, which means that the overall process is ecologically and economically advantageous.
  • the production of OSB is changed compared to the conventional OSB production process in that at least some of the strands used are treated with steam after production, before drying.
  • the strands can be those intended for the top or middle layer.
  • the strands are sent to the standard drying process. This is done e.g. B. immediately before the gluing, with a complete substitution or only a partial substitution of the standard strands can be done.
  • steam-treated wooden strands or a mixture of steam-treated wooden strands and non-steam-treated wooden strands are used as the middle layer and/or top layer of the OSB wood-based panel.
  • only one or both top layers are formed from steam-treated strands of wood and, if necessary, dried and non-steam-treated strands of wood are used for the middle layer.
  • the mixture can comprise between 10 and 50% by weight, preferably between 20 and 30% by weight, of untreated or non-steam-treated wood strands and between 50 and 90% by weight, preferably between 70 and 80% by weight of steam-treated wood strands.
  • the step of steam treatment of the wood strands can be carried out separately from the manufacturing process of the OSB wood-based panels. Accordingly, in this embodiment variant of the present method, the steam treatment takes place outside of the overall process or the process line.
  • the wooden strands are discharged from the manufacturing process and introduced into the steam treatment device (e.g. steaming system).
  • the steam-treated wooden strands can then be fed back into the conventional manufacturing process, if necessary after intermediate storage, e.g. immediately before gluing. This enables a high degree of flexibility in the manufacturing process.
  • the water vapor treatment of the wooden strands is integrated into the production process of the OSB wood-based panels, i.e. the step of water vapor treatment is integrated into the overall process or process line and takes place online.
  • the steam treatment i) can be carried out immediately after the chipping and provision of the wooden strands or ii) only after the sifting and separating Wooden strands according to the use of wooden strands for middle or top layer.
  • the wooden strands can be treated with steam separately according to the requirements for the wooden strands used in the middle and top layers.
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands is carried out in at least one steaming system, preferably in two steaming systems.
  • the vapor deposition system used here can exist or function as a batch system or as a continuously operated system, with a continuously operated system being preferred.
  • the steam treatment of wood strands used for the middle layer and the top layers of the OSB wood-based panel can be carried out separately in at least two steaming systems.
  • This enables the degree of water vaporization of the water vapor-treated wood strands used in the middle and/or top layer to be adapted to the respective requirements and customer wishes.
  • the two vapor deposition systems used are preferably connected or arranged in parallel.
  • the wooden strands are preferably brought into contact with the at least one binder in step d) by spraying or atomizing the binder onto the wooden strands.
  • Many OSB plants work with rotating coils (drums with atomizer gluing). Mixer gluing would also be possible.
  • the strands are intimately mixed with the glue in a mixer by rotating blades.
  • a polymer adhesive is preferably used as the binder, which is selected from the group containing formaldehyde adhesives, such as urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UF), melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde adhesive (MUPF) and /or Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Adhesive (MF), Polyurethane Adhesives, Epoxy Resin Adhesives, Polyester Adhesives.
  • formaldehyde adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UF), melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde adhesive (MUPF) and /or Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Adhesive (MF), Polyurethane Adhesives, Epoxy Resin Adhesives, Polyester Adhesives.
  • polyurethane adhesive is preferred here, the polyurethane adhesive being based on aromatic polyisocyanates, in particular polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and/or diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), PMDI being particularly preferred.
  • aromatic polyisocyanates in particular polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and/or diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), PMDI being particularly preferred.
  • the steam-treated and non-steam-treated wooden strands are treated with a binder quantity of 1.0 to 10% by weight, in particular 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight, particularly preferably 3% by weight (based on the total amount of the wooden strands). It is conceivable that the same binder or also different binders are used for the top and middle layers.
  • the top layers can each be provided with 2.6% by weight of PMDI on atro wood and the middle layer with 2.9% by weight of PMDI on atro wood.
  • the top layers can each be provided with 10% by weight MUPF on atro wood and the middle layer with 2.9% by weight PMDI on atro wood.
  • the top layers can each be provided with 10% by weight MUF on atro wood and the middle layer with 2.9% by weight PMDI on atro wood.
  • the alternatives listed relate to the gluing of the top layers and the middle layer of a 3-layer OSB with a thickness of 19 to 22 mm.
  • the flame retardant can typically be added in an amount of between 1 and 20% by weight, preferably between 5 and 15% by weight, particularly preferably ⁇ 10% by weight, based on the total amount of the wood strands.
  • Typical flame retardants are selected from the group comprising phosphates, sulfates, borates, in particular ammonium polyphosphate, tris(tribromoneopentyl)phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  • the glued (steam-treated and/or non-steam-treated) wood strands are scattered onto a conveyor belt to form a first top layer along the direction of transport, then to form a middle layer transversely to the direction of transport and finally to form a second top layer along the direction of transport.
  • the glued wooden strands are pressed at temperatures between 200 and 250° C., preferably 220 and 230° C., to form an OSB wood-based panel.
  • the present method enables the production of an OSB wood-based panel with reduced emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which comprises steam-treated wood strands.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the present OSB wood-based panel can consist entirely of steam-treated wood strands or of a mixture of steam-treated and non-water-vapour-treated wood strands.
  • both top layers and the middle layer of the OSB consist of steam-treated wood strands
  • the two top layers consist of non-steam-treated wood strands and the middle layer consist of steam-treated wood strands
  • in yet another embodiment the two top layers consist of steam-treated wood strands and the middle layer made of non-steam treated wooden strands.
  • the present OSB wood-based material panel can have a bulk density of between 300 and 1000 kg/m 3 , preferably between 500 and 800 kg/m 3 , particularly preferably between 500 and 600 kg/m 3 .
  • the thickness of the present OSB wood material panel can be between 5 and 50 mm, preferably between 10 and 40 mm, with a thickness between 15 and 25 mm being particularly preferred.
  • the OSB wood-based material panel produced using the present method has in particular a reduced emission of aldehydes released during the pulping process, in particular pentanal or hexanal, and/or terpenes, in particular carene and pinene.
  • Aldehydes are released during the machining process and the associated aqueous processing and cleaning of the wood strands.
  • Specific aldehydes can be formed from the basic building blocks of cellulose or hemicellulose.
  • the aldehyde furfural is formed from mono- and disaccharides of cellulose or hemicellulose, while aromatic aldehydes can be released from lignin.
  • the aliphatic aldehydes saturated and unsaturated are formed by the fragmentation of fatty acids with the participation of oxygen.
  • Typical acyclic terpenes are terpene hydrocarbons such as myrcene, terpene alcohols such as gerianol, linalool, ipsinol and terpene aldehydes such as citral.
  • Typical representatives of the monocyclic terpenes are p-menthane, terpeninol, limonene or carvone, and typical representatives of the bicyclic terpenes are carane, pinane, bornane, 3-carene and ⁇ -pinene being particularly important.
  • Terpenes are components of tree resins and are therefore particularly present in very resinous tree species such as pine or spruce.
  • organic acids in particular the emission of acetic acid from OSB wood-based panels, can also be reduced.
  • Organic acids occur in particular as cleavage products of the wood components cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, alkanoic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid or aromatic acids being preferably formed.
  • the vapor deposition system can be designed to be continuous.
  • the wooden strands are placed on a conveyor belt, which guides the wooden strands through the steaming system at a specified speed.
  • the wooden strands are sprayed evenly with steam, which is introduced from nozzles provided above the conveyor belt.
  • the steaming system can be provided before (upstream) the device for sifting and separating the wood strands. In this case, all wooden strands are subjected to a steam treatment.
  • two steaming systems may be provided behind (downstream) the device for sifting and separating the wooden strands.
  • one steam treatment system is used for the steam treatment of the wooden strands that are intended for the middle layer
  • the other steam treatment system is used for the steam treatment of the wooden strands that are intended for the top layers. This enables optional steam treatment of the wooden strands for the middle layer or the wooden strands for the top layers.
  • FIG 1 shows a variant of a device 10 for the steam treatment of wooden strands.
  • the device comprises a (thermally insulated) tubular body 11 with a above the conveyor belt 12 there is a feed line 13 for the water vapor, the feed line 13 having a plurality of nozzles 14 for spraying the water vapor onto the wood strands on the conveyor belt 12 .
  • a collecting means 15 for the water vapor condensate which forms.
  • the present device 10 enables a steam treatment of the strands before the strands are dried in the drum dryer. All or parts of the strands that are intended for later production of the OSB can be treated. The treatment takes place at normal pressure and, through the use of the conveyor belt 12 made of metal fabric, achieves the homogeneous treatment of the strands with steam.
  • the belt of the transport device is dimensioned in such a way that the strands cannot fall through the gaps.
  • the strands are transferred to the conveyor belt 12 which runs through the tubular body 11 directly after production.
  • the strands are distributed on the conveyor belt 12 in such a way that water vapor can flow through the strands homogeneously. Separation stations positioned at regular intervals ensure that existing or emerging heaps of beach are cleared.
  • the conveyor belt 12 Since the conveyor belt 12 is cooled by condensate forming when the strands are heated and has a relatively high mass in comparison to the strands, the belt must be heated before the strands are spread on. This accelerates the heating of the strands and thus reduces the duration of the steam treatment.
  • the heating can be done by resistance heating or by radiation.
  • the steam is then applied to the strands through nozzles 14 from above.
  • the steam has a temperature of approx. 100 °C.
  • the insulation of the metal tube 11 ensures that the heat losses are as small as possible.
  • the condensate that forms is collected under the transport device 12, freed from suspended matter and, after a cleaning step to remove dissolved substances, returned to the system.
  • the dwell time of the strands in the saturated steam atmosphere is 5 to 15 minutes.
  • the progress of the strand heating is determined by thermocouples at regular intervals.
  • the temperature of the strands should be close to 90°C at the end of the treatment.
  • first embodiment of the method according to the invention describes the individual process steps beginning with the provision of the wood starting product to the finished OSB wood-based panel.
  • step 1 suitable raw wood material is provided for the production of the wooden strands. All softwoods, hardwoods or mixtures thereof are suitable as the starting wood material.
  • step 2 The debarking (step 2) and chipping (step 3) of the wood starting material takes place in chippers suitable for this purpose, whereby the size of the wood strands can be controlled accordingly.
  • the wooden strands After the wooden strands have been comminuted and made available, they may be subjected to a pre-drying process, with a moisture content of 5-10% being set in relation to the initial moisture content of the wooden strands (not shown).
  • the wood strands are introduced into a vaporization system (step 4).
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands takes place in a temperature range between 80° and 120°C at a pressure between 0.5 bar and 2 bar.
  • the resulting condensate can be collected and the substances washed out of the wood strands (terpenes, aldehydes) can be reused from the condensate.
  • the steam-treated wooden strands are dried (step 9), sifted and separated (step 5).
  • step 6a There is a separation into wooden strands for use as a middle layer (step 6a) or as a top layer (step 6b) with respective gluing.
  • the glued, steam-treated wooden strands are scattered onto a conveyor belt in the order of the first lower facing layer, middle layer and second upper facing layer (step 7) and then pressed into an OSB wood-based panel (step 8).
  • the wood starting material in analogy to figure 1 first provided (step 1), debarked (step 2) and machined (step 3). If necessary, the wooden strands are subjected to a pre-drying process, with a moisture content of 5-10% being set in relation to the initial moisture content of the wooden strands (step 3a).
  • step 5 a separation into wooden strands for use as a middle layer or as a top layer takes place (step 5).
  • step 4a the steam treatment of the wooden strands provided for the middle layer
  • step 4b the steam treatment of the wooden strands provided for the top layer(s)
  • the steam treatment of the wooden strands takes place in a temperature range between 80° and 120°C at a pressure between 0.5 bar and 2 bar.
  • the resulting condensate can be collected and the substances washed out of the wood strands (terpenes, aldehydes) can be reused from the condensate.
  • the steam-treated wooden strands are dried (steps 9a, 9b) and glued (steps 6a, b).
  • the glued, water-treated wood strands are scattered onto a conveyor belt in the order of the first lower facing layer, middle layer and second upper facing layer (step 7) and then pressed into an OSB wood-based panel (step 8).
  • the OSB wood-based panel obtained is suitably finished in each case.
  • Strands are produced from pine trunks (length: max. 200 mm, width: 20 mm, thickness: max. 1 mm, moisture max. 50%) and treated with steam at around 100°C in a continuous process.
  • the strands are loosely piled up on a conveyor belt that has perforations and thus allows the steam to pass through after passing the strands. Steaming was preferably done from top to bottom.
  • the conveyor belt is guided through a tubular body. Nozzles, which distribute the steam evenly over the strands, are preferably fitted above the conveyor belt with the loosely piled-up strands.
  • the treatment with steam takes about 15 minutes.
  • the steam treatment takes place with the exclusion of oxygen as far as possible, so that one can speak of a reductive process control.
  • the tubular body In order to achieve a residence time of about 15 minutes, the tubular body has a diameter of 50 cm and a length of 3 m.
  • the conveyor belt was moved through the tubular body at a speed of about 2 m/10 minutes.
  • the tube body In the feed direction, the tube body was angled slightly upwards (2 to 10 degrees) so that the condensate that formed could be easily collected. This is a test facility with which the effect should be proven. For a production plant, this can be enlarged and easily optimized by a specialist in terms of transport speed and quantity.
  • the strands are dried in a conventional drum dryer.
  • the energy requirement of the drum dryer is significantly reduced because the strands already have a temperature of around 90°C when they enter the dryer.
  • they are glued in a coil with glue, preferably with PMDI (approx. 3% by weight on atro wood).
  • the glued stands are scattered in a standard OSB plant as a top and middle layer.
  • the percentage distribution between middle and top layers is preferably 70% to 30%.
  • the strands are pressed into boards with a bulk density of around 570 kg/m3. After a storage period of one week, the test panel was tested for VOC emissions together with a standard panel of the same thickness in a micro chamber.
  • Chamber parameters temperature: 23°C; humidity: 0%; air flow: 150 ml/min; Air change: 188 / h; loading: 48.8 m 2 /m 3 ; sample surface area: 0.003 m 2 ; Chamber volume: 48 ml.
  • Table 1 parameter Test panel [ ⁇ g/m2 ⁇ h] Standard plate [ ⁇ g/m2 ⁇ h] hexanal 194 1474 3-Carene 208 626 ⁇ -pinenes 181 925 pentanal - 155 ⁇ -pinene - 285 2-octenal 60 115
  • Table 2 parameter Test panel [ ⁇ g/m2 ⁇ h] Standard plate [ ⁇ g/m2 ⁇ h] hexanal 243 1474 3-carene 299 626 ⁇ -pinenes 178 925 pentanal - 155 ⁇ -pinene - 285 2-octenal 61 115
  • the top layer consists of standard strands.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de panneaux de lamelles orientées OSB avec une émission réduite de composés organiques volatiles (COV) comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) la fabrication de lamelles de bois en bois appropriés ;
    b) le traitement d'au moins une partie des lamelles de bois après leur obtention sans séchage avec de la vapeur d'eau, dans lequel la vapeur d'eau est acheminée à une température entre 80 °C et 120 °C et une pression entre 0,5 bar et 2 bars sur les lamelles de bois,
    dans lequel le traitement à la vapeur d'eau est effectué directement après le hachage et la fourniture des lamelles de bois, ou le traitement à la vapeur d'eau est effectué après le tri et la séparation des lamelles de bois selon l'utilisation des lamelles de bois pour la couche médiane et de couverture ; dans lequel le traitement à la vapeur d'eau des lamelles de bois est effectué de manière intégrée en ligne dans le processus entier,
    c) le séchage des lamelles de bois traitées avec la vapeur d'eau ;
    d) le collage des lamelles de bois traitées avec de la vapeur d'eau et séchées et le collage en option de lamelles de bois non traitées avec de la vapeur d'eau avec au moins un liant ;
    e) la distribution des lamelles de bois collées sur une bande de transport ; et
    f) la compression des lamelles de bois collées en un panneau de lamelles orientées OSB.
  2. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le traitement à la vapeur d'eau est réalisé dans au moins une installation d'évaporation, de préférence dans au moins deux installations d'évaporation.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'installation d'évaporation fonctionne comme installation par lots ou en continu.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le traitement à la vapeur d'eau des lamelles de bois est effectué sur une période de 5 à 30 min, de préférence de 10 à 20 min, en particulier de préférence de 15 min.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau et non traitées à la vapeur d'eau sont collées avec une colle de polymère comme liant qui est sélectionné d'une part à partir du groupe contenant des colles de formaldéhyde, comme de la colle de résine d'urée-formaldéhyde (UF), colle de formaldéhyde de phénol-urée-mélamine (MUPF) et/ou colle de résine de formaldéhyde-mélamine (MF), ou d'autre part des colles de polyuréthane, colles de résine époxy, colles de polyester.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des liants identiques ou différents liants également sont utilisés pour la couche de couverture et médiane.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau et non traitées à la vapeur d'eau sont collées avec une quantité de liant de 1,0 à 10 % en poids, de préférence de 1,0 à 5,0 % en poids, en particulier de préférence de 2 à 4 % en poids, par rapport à la quantité totale des lamelles de bois.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau et/ou non traitées à la vapeur d'eau collées sont distribuées sur la bande de transport en réalisant une première couche de couverture le long du sens de transport, ensuite en réalisant une couche médiane transversalement au sens de transport et enfin en réalisant une seconde couche de couverture le long du sens de transport.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    - la fabrication de lamelles de bois en bois appropriés, en particulier au moyen du hachage de bois appropriés,
    - le traitement des lamelles de bois avec de la vapeur d'eau à une température entre 80 °C et 120 °C à une pression entre 0,5 bar et 2 bars, dans une atmosphère sans oxygène ou pauvre en oxygène ;
    - le séchage des lamelles de bois traitées avec de la vapeur d'eau ;
    - le tri et la séparation des lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau en des lamelles de bois appropriées pour l'utilisation comme couche médiane et couche de couverture ;
    - le collage des lamelles de bois séparées ;
    - la distribution des lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau collées sur une bande de transport dans l'ordre première couche de couverture inférieure, couche médiane et seconde couche de couverture supérieure ; et
    - la compression des lamelles de bois collées en un panneau de lamelles orientées OSB.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    - la fabrication de lamelles de bois en bois appropriés, en particulier au moyen du hachage de bois appropriés ;
    - le tri et la séparation des lamelles de bois en lamelles de bois appropriées pour l'utilisation comme couche médiane et couche de couverture ;
    - le traitement de lamelles de bois prévues pour la couche médiane et/ou de lamelles de bois prévues pour la/les couche(s) de couverture avec de la vapeur d'eau à une température entre 80 °C et 120 °C à une pression entre 0,5 bar et 2 bars, dans une atmosphère sans oxygène ou pauvre en oxygène ;
    - le séchage des lamelles de bois traitées avec la vapeur d'eau ;
    - le collage des lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau séparées et le collage des lamelles de bois non traitées à la vapeur d'eau ;
    - la distribution des lamelles de bois traitées à la vapeur d'eau et non traitées à la vapeur d'eau collées sur une bande de transport dans l'ordre première couche de couverture inférieure, couche médiane et seconde couche de couverture supérieure ; et
    - la compression des lamelles de bois collées en un panneau de lamelles orientées OSB.
EP18713575.1A 2017-04-25 2018-03-12 Procédé de fabrication de panneaux de lamelles orientées osb à faible émission sur des composés organiques volatils (cov) Active EP3615288B1 (fr)

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EP17167974.9A EP3395520B1 (fr) 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 Procédé de fabrication de panneaux de lamelles orientées osb à faible émission sur des composés organiques volatils (cov)
PCT/EP2018/056070 WO2018197094A1 (fr) 2017-04-25 2018-03-12 Procédé pour la fabrication de panneaux en matériau dérivé du bois osb présentant une émission réduite de composés organiques volatils (cov)

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PL3872256T3 (pl) 2020-02-28 2022-05-09 Fiberboard Gmbh Sposób i układ do przetwarzania do redukcji lotnych związków organicznych ze zrębków drzewnych

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CA3060986A1 (fr) 2018-11-01
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RU2728871C1 (ru) 2020-07-31
ES2904805T3 (es) 2022-04-06
CA3060986C (fr) 2023-08-15
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US20200108523A1 (en) 2020-04-09
ES2958617T3 (es) 2024-02-12
CN110545971B (zh) 2020-11-03
HUE057379T2 (hu) 2022-05-28
US20210245391A1 (en) 2021-08-12
EP3395520A1 (fr) 2018-10-31
HUE048530T2 (hu) 2020-07-28
EP3395520B1 (fr) 2019-10-30
US11007668B2 (en) 2021-05-18
CN112476694A (zh) 2021-03-12
PL3620282T3 (pl) 2022-02-21
EP3620282B1 (fr) 2021-11-03
CN110545971A (zh) 2019-12-06
ES2767090T3 (es) 2020-06-16
WO2018197094A1 (fr) 2018-11-01
EP3620282A1 (fr) 2020-03-11
EP3615288A1 (fr) 2020-03-04
US11904496B2 (en) 2024-02-20
PT3620282T (pt) 2022-01-13
HUE063434T2 (hu) 2024-01-28
PT3395520T (pt) 2020-02-03

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