EP3377283B1 - Plaque en matériau dérivé du bois osb (panneau de lamelles orientées) présentant des caractéristiques améliorées et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Plaque en matériau dérivé du bois osb (panneau de lamelles orientées) présentant des caractéristiques améliorées et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3377283B1
EP3377283B1 EP16794248.1A EP16794248A EP3377283B1 EP 3377283 B1 EP3377283 B1 EP 3377283B1 EP 16794248 A EP16794248 A EP 16794248A EP 3377283 B1 EP3377283 B1 EP 3377283B1
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Prior art keywords
wood
strands
osb
wood strands
torrefied
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3377283A1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Kalwa
Ingo Lehnhoff
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Priority to PL16794248T priority Critical patent/PL3377283T3/pl
Publication of EP3377283A1 publication Critical patent/EP3377283A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/12—Moulding of mats from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K1/00—Damping wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
    • B27K2200/15—Pretreated particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/60—Improving the heat-storage capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing OSB wood-based panels according to claim 1 and OSB wood-based panels produced by the method according to claim 15.
  • Coarse chipboard also called oriented strand boards (OSB) are wood-based panels that are made from long strands.
  • OSB panels originally produced as waste products from the veneer and plywood industry are increasingly being used in timber and prefabricated houses, as OSB panels are light and still meet the structural requirements placed on building panels.
  • OSB panels are used as building panels and as wall or roof cladding or in the floor area.
  • the OSB boards are manufactured in a multi-stage process, with the chips or strands of debarked logs, preferably softwoods, being peeled off in the longitudinal direction by rotating knives. In the subsequent drying process, the natural moisture of the beaches is reduced at high temperatures.
  • the moisture level of the strands can vary depending on the adhesive used, whereby the moisture should be well below 10% in order to avoid splitting during later pressing. Depending on the adhesive, wetting on rather damp or dry strands may be cheaper. In addition, as little moisture as possible should be present in the beaches during the pressing process in order to largely reduce the steam pressure generated during the pressing process, since this could otherwise cause the raw board to burst.
  • the strands After the strands have dried, they are introduced into a gluing device in which the glue or adhesive is applied to the chips in finely divided form.
  • PMDI polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • MUPF melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde
  • glues are predominantly used for gluing.
  • the glues can also be mixed in the OSB boards. These glues are used because, as mentioned above, the OSB boards are often used for structural applications. Moisture-resistant or wet-resistant glues must be used there.
  • the glued strands are scattered alternately lengthways and crossways to the production direction, so that the strands are arranged crosswise in at least three layers (lower cover layer - middle layer - upper cover layer).
  • the scattering direction of the lower and upper cover layer is the same, but differs from the scattering direction of the middle layer.
  • the beaches used in the top layer and middle layer also differ from one another.
  • the strands used in the cover layers are flat and the strands used in the middle layer are less flat to chip-like.
  • two strands of material are used in the production of the OSB boards: one with flat strands for the later top layers and one with "chips" for the middle layer.
  • the strands in the middle layer can be of poorer quality, since the bending strength is essentially generated by the cover layers. That is why fines that are produced during machining can also be used in the middle layer of OSB panels.
  • the same is continuously pressed under high pressure and high temperature of, for example 200 to 250 ° C.
  • OSB panels are becoming increasingly popular and versatile due to their sustainability, for example as a construction element in house construction or as formwork in concrete construction.
  • the hygroscopic properties inherent in the wood-based materials have a disadvantageous effect in some applications.
  • volatile organic compounds are or are released in the course of the manufacture of wood-based panels and in particular as a result of the manufacturing process of the wooden beaches.
  • the volatile organic compounds also called VOCs, include volatile organic substances that evaporate easily or are already present as a gas at lower temperatures, such as room temperature.
  • the volatile organic compounds VOC are either already present in the wood material and are released from it during processing or, according to current knowledge, they are formed by the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids, which in turn are decomposition products of the wood.
  • Typical conversion products that Pentanal and hexanal, for example, but also octanal, octenal or 1-heptenal occur during processing.
  • conifers, from which OSB boards are mainly manufactured contain large amounts of resin and fats, which lead to the formation of volatile organic terpene compounds and aldehydes.
  • VOC and aldehydes, such as formaldehyde can also arise or be released when using certain adhesives for the production of the wood-based materials.
  • OSB material boards The emission of ingredients in OSB material boards is particularly critical because this material is mainly used uncoated. This allows the ingredients to evaporate unhindered.
  • OSB boards are often used for cladding / planking large areas, which usually results in a high room load (m 2 OSB / m 3 room air). This also leads to a concentration of certain substances in the room air.
  • OSB material boards Another problem in the production of OSB material boards is the tendency of the wooden strands to swell, which can lead to a reduction in technological values such as the strength values of the OSB wood material boards.
  • One approach to reducing the tendency to swell is, for example, in US 6098679 described.
  • a method and a device is shown with which OSB boards are pretreated or post-treated in order to reduce the tendency to swell.
  • hot steam is applied to the OSB board in a vacuum chamber.
  • EP1674224A1 discloses a process for the production of wood fiber insulation mats or panels, which are subjected to a temperature of 130 to 200 ° C in the course of their manufacture in the heating furnace.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of improving the known process for the production of OSB material boards in order to produce OSB material boards easily and safely with a significantly reduced emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and with improved swelling values. If possible, the manufacturing process should be changed as little as possible and the costs not increase disproportionately. Furthermore, the solution should include the greatest possible flexibility. Ultimately, ecological aspects should also be taken into account, ie the solution should not result in additional energy consumption or additional waste.
  • the present method enables the production of OSB wood-based panels using torrefied wooden strands, which are introduced into a known manufacturing process in addition or as an alternative to untreated wooden strands.
  • An OSB wood-based panel produced using the process according to the invention and comprising torrefected wood has a reduced emission of volatile organic compounds, in particular of terpenes, organic acids such as acetic acid and aldehydes.
  • Torrefaction is a thermochemical treatment process in which the material to be torrefected is heated in an oxygen-reduced or oxygen-free gas atmosphere at atmospheric pressure. Due to the lack of oxygen, the material does not burn, instead there is a loss of mass due to the decomposition of wood components, which are broken down into volatile compounds at the torrefication temperatures. These are mainly hemicelluloses and lignins. In addition, low-molecular compounds such as formic acid, terpenes, hydrocarbons, etc. are driven off. Torrefected material is hydrophobic and therefore less susceptible to ambient humidity, so the risk of rotting of torrefected material is extremely low.
  • the torrification step of the wooden beaches can be provided in various ways in the present method.
  • At least part of the wooden beach used for the production of the OSB material boards is dried prior to torrefection, i.e. in this case already dried or pre-dried wooden beaches e.g. with a moisture level of 5 to 15% moisture, preferably 5 to 10% moisture subjected to torrefaction.
  • At least part of the wooden beach is torrefected with a moisture of 20-50% by weight, i.e. here the wooden strands are not dried beforehand, but the wooden strands are fed to the torrefication device without further pretreatment after machining.
  • the present method enables torrefication of damp or dry wooden beaches.
  • the torrefaction of moist wooden beaches is particularly advantageous since the drying step is saved.
  • torrefied wooden strands or a mixture of torrefected wooden strands and untreated (ie non-torrefected) wooden strands are used as the middle layer and / or top layer of the OSB material board.
  • the torrefected wooden strands being used only in the middle layer, only in one or both outer layers or in all layers.
  • torrefied wooden strands it is possible to form only the middle layer from torrefied wooden strands and to use dried and non-torrefected wooden strands for one or both top layers. Since torrefected strands are brown in color, it can be advantageous to use torrefected strands only in the middle layer.
  • only one or both cover layers are formed from torrefied wooden strands, and dried and non-torrefected wooden strands are used for the middle layer.
  • the mixture can comprise between 10 and 50% by weight, preferably between 20 and 30% by weight of untreated or non-torrefected wooden beach and between 50 and 90% by weight, preferably between 70 and 80% by weight of torrefected wooden beach.
  • the step of torrefying the wooden beaches can be carried out separately from the manufacturing process of the OSB wood-based panels. Accordingly, the torrefication step in this embodiment variant of the present method takes place outside the overall process or the process line.
  • the wooden strands are removed from the manufacturing process and introduced into the torrefication device (e.g. torrefection reactor).
  • the torrefied wooden beaches if necessary after intermediate storage, e.g. can be reintroduced into the conventional manufacturing process immediately before gluing. This enables a high degree of flexibility in the manufacturing process.
  • the torrefication step of the wooden beaches can be integrated into the manufacturing process of the OSB wood-based panels, ie the torrefication step is integrated into the overall process or process line and takes place online.
  • the torrefaction can take place immediately after the cutting and preparation of the wooden strands or only after the sifting and separation of the wooden strands in accordance with the use of the wooden strands for the middle or top layer.
  • the wooden beaches can be torrefied separately according to the torrefication requirements for the wooden strands used in the middle and top layers.
  • the wooden strands used here can have a length of between 50 to 200 mm, preferably 70 to 180 mm, particularly preferably 90 to 150 mm; a width between 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm, particularly preferably 15 to 20 mm; and have a thickness between 0.1 and 2 mm, preferably between 0, 3 and 1.5 mm, particularly preferably between 0, 4 and 1 mm.
  • the wooden beaches e.g. a length between 150 and 200 mm, a width between 15 and 20 mm, a thickness between 0.5 and 1 mm and a humidity of max. 50% on.
  • the torrefaction of the wooden beaches is carried out in at least one torrefection reactor, preferably in two torrefaction reactors.
  • the torrefaction reactor used here can exist or function as a batch plant or as a continuously operated plant.
  • the torrefaction of wood strands used for the middle layer and the top layers of the OSB wood-based panel can each be carried out separately in at least two torrefaction reactors. This enables the degree of torrefaction of the torrefected wooden beaches used in the middle and / or top layer to be adapted to the respective requirements and customer requirements.
  • the two torrefaction reactors used are preferably connected or arranged in parallel.
  • the wooden strands are torrefected by heating in an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere under atmospheric pressure at a temperature between 150 ° C. and 300 ° C., preferably between 200 ° C. and 280 ° C., particularly preferably between 220 ° C. and 260 ° C. .
  • reaction gas or gas stream can be torrefied under atmospheric pressure in the presence of an inert gas, preferably nitrogen as the reaction gas or gas stream.
  • Saturated steam is used according to the invention, in which case the torrefaction process takes place at temperatures between 160 ° C. and 200 ° C. and pressures from 6 bar to 16 bar.
  • the process of torrefaction is preferably ended when the weight of the wooden beaches is 10 to 30%, preferably 15 to 20%.
  • the duration of the process varies depending on the amount and type of starting material used and can be between 1 and 5 h, preferably between 2 and 3 h.
  • the pyrolysis gases released during the torrefaction process which are essentially released from hemicelluloses and other low molecular weight compounds, are used to generate process energy.
  • the amount of gas mixture formed as gaseous fuel is sufficient to operate the process in an energy-autonomous manner.
  • the torrefected wooden beaches are cooled in water with a suitable binder before gluing.
  • the torrefied wooden beaches can be cooled in a water bath, which ensures complete wetting with water.
  • a wetting agent which facilitates the wetting of the hydrophobic beaches can be added to the water.
  • the wooden strands are brought into contact with the at least one binder in step c) preferably by spraying or spraying the binder onto the wooden strands.
  • Many OSB systems work with rotating coils (drums with atomizer gluing). Mixer gluing would also be possible.
  • the strands are intimately mixed with the glue in a mixer by rotating blades.
  • a polymer adhesive is preferably used as the binder, which is selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, polyester adhesives.
  • a phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive (PF), a cresol / resorcinol-formaldehyde resin adhesive, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UF) and / or melamine-formaldehyde resin adhesive (MF) can be used in particular as the formaldehyde condensate adhesive.
  • polyurethane adhesive is preferred, the polyurethane adhesive being based on aromatic polyisocyanates, in particular Polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and / or diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is present, with PMDI being particularly preferred.
  • PMDI Polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • TDI tolylene diisocyanate
  • MDI diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • the torrefected and non-torrefected wooden strands are coated with a binder amount of 1.0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight, in particular 3% by weight (based on the total amount of wooden strands) glued.
  • polymer adhesive such as a polyamide, a polyester, a silicone and / or a formaldehyde condensate adhesive, in particular a phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive (PF), a cresol / resorcinol-formaldehyde resin adhesive
  • PF phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive
  • MF melamine-formaldehyde resin adhesive
  • polyaddition adhesive such as an epoxy resin, polycyanurate and / or a polyurethane adhesive, in particular a polyurethane adhesive based on polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) can be used.
  • Such hybrid adhesive systems are from the EP 2 447 332 B1 known.
  • phenol-formaldehyde adhesive PF
  • MUF Melamine urea formaldehyde resin adhesive
  • MUPF Melamine urea phenol formaldehyde resin adhesive
  • PMDI adhesives and a combination of MUF / MUPF and PMDI adhesives.
  • PMDI is preferably used as the binder for the middle layer and MUF or MUPF in the cover layers. It is particularly preferred to use PMDI adhesives for all layers, i.e. for the top layers and the middle layer.
  • the flame retardant can typically be added in an amount between 1 and 20% by weight, preferably between 5 and 15% by weight, particularly preferably ⁇ 10% by weight, based on the total amount of the wooden beaches.
  • Typical flame retardants are selected from the group comprising phosphates, borates, in particular ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromo neopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  • the glued (torrefected and / or non-torrefected) wooden strands are sprinkled onto a conveyor belt to form a first cover layer along the direction of transport, then to form a middle layer transverse to the direction of transport and finally to form a second cover layer along the direction of transport.
  • the glued wood strands are pressed at temperatures between 200 and 250 ° C, preferably 220 and 230 ° C, to form an OSB wood-based panel.
  • the present method enables the production of an OSB wood-based panel with reduced emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which comprises torrefied wood strands.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the OSB wood-based panel produced with the present method has, in particular, a reduced emission of aldehydes released during the wood digestion, in particular pentanal or hexanal, organic acids such as acetic acid and / or terpenes, in particular carene and pinene.
  • aldehydes released during the wood digestion in particular pentanal or hexanal
  • organic acids such as acetic acid and / or terpenes, in particular carene and pinene.
  • the present OSB wood-based panel can consist entirely of torrefected wooden strands or a mixture of torrefected and non-torrefected wooden strands.
  • the present OSB material board has a swelling value which is reduced compared to an OSB material board made entirely of non-torrefied wooden strands, in particular a 20% to 50%, preferably 30% to 40% e.g. by 35% reduced source value.
  • the tendency of the present OSB wood-based panel to swell is between 5 and 30%, preferably between 10 and 25%, particularly preferably between 15 and 20% (after 24 hours of water storage).
  • the present OSB wood-based panel can have a bulk density between 300 and 1000 kg / m 3 , preferably between 500 and 800 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably between 500 and 600 kg / m 3 .
  • the thickness of the present OSB wood-based panel can be between 5 and 50 mm, preferably between 10 and 40 mm, a thickness between 15 and 25 mm being preferred in particular.
  • the torrefied wooden strands are used to reduce aldehydes, organic acids and / or terpenes released during the wood digestion, in particular the cutting of the woods into strands.
  • the torrefied wooden beaches are preferably used in the present case to reduce the emission of organic acids, in particular to reduce the emission of acetic acid from OSB wood-based panels.
  • Organic acids are obtained in particular as cleavage products of the wood constituents cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, alkanoic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid or aromatic acids preferably being formed.
  • aldehydes are released during the hydrolytic processing of wood or lignocellulose.
  • Specific aldehydes can be formed from the basic building blocks of cellulose or hemicellulose.
  • the aldehyde furfural is formed from mono- and disaccharides of cellulose or hemicellulose, while aromatic aldehydes can be released during the partially hydrolytic exclusion of lignin.
  • the torrefied wood strands are used to reduce the emission of C1-C10 aldehydes, particularly preferably formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal or furfural in OSB wood-based panels.
  • C1-C10 aldehydes particularly preferably formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal or furfural in OSB wood-based panels.
  • the torrefied wooden beaches are used to reduce the emission of terpenes.
  • the torrefected wooden strands can thus be used to reduce released terpenes, in particular C10 monoterpenes and C15 sesquiterpenes, particularly preferably acyclic or cyclic monoterpenes.
  • Typical acyclic terpenes are terpene hydrocarbons such as myrcene, terpene alcohols such as Gerianol, Linaool, Ipsinol and terpene aldehydes such as Citral.
  • Typical representatives of the monocyclic terpenes are p-menthan, terpeninol, limonene or carvone, and typical representatives of the bicyclic terpenes are carane, pinane, bornane, 3-carene and ⁇ -pinene being particularly important.
  • Terpenes are constituents of tree resins and are therefore particularly present in tree species that are very resinous, such as pine or spruce.
  • the first embodiment of the method according to the invention shown describes the individual method steps starting with the provision of the wood starting product up to the finished OSB wood-based panel.
  • step 1 suitable wood starting material for the production of the wooden beaches is provided. All softwoods, hardwoods or mixtures thereof are suitable as wood raw material.
  • the debarking (step 2) and the cutting (step 3) of the wood raw material is carried out in suitable chippers, whereby the size of the wooden beaches can be controlled accordingly. After shredding and preparation of the wooden beaches, they may be subjected to a pre-drying process, with a moisture of 5-10% being set in relation to the initial moisture of the wood chips (not shown).
  • the wooden strands are introduced into a torrefaction reactor (step 4).
  • the torrefication of the wooden beaches takes place in a temperature range between 220 ° and 260 ° C.
  • the pyrolysis gases or torr gases produced are used to generate the energy required for the process plant.
  • the torrefied wooden beaches are watered, sighted and separated (step 5).
  • step 6a There is a separation in wooden strands for use as a middle layer (step 6a) or as a top layer (step 6b) with respective gluing.
  • the glued torrefected wood strands are sprinkled on a conveyor belt in the order of the first lower cover layer, middle layer and second upper cover layer (step 7) and then pressed to an OSB wood-based panel (step 8).
  • the wood raw material in analogy to Figure 1 First provided (step 1), debarked (step 2) and machined (step 3).
  • the wooden strands are optionally subjected to a predrying process, with a moisture of 5-10% being set in relation to the initial moisture of the wooden strands (step 3a).
  • a separation in wooden beaches for use as a middle layer or as a top layer (step 5).
  • step 4a the torrefication of the wooden strands intended for the middle layer
  • step 4b the torrefication of the wooden strands intended for the cover layer (s)
  • step 4b the torrefication of the wooden beaches takes place in a temperature range between 220 ° and 260 ° C.
  • the torrefication can be set to the desired degree of torrefication for the middle and top layers.
  • the pyrolysis gases or torr gases produced are used to generate the energy required for the process plant.
  • the torrefied wooden beaches are glued (steps 6 a, b).
  • the glued torrefected wood strands are sprinkled on a conveyor belt in the order of the first lower cover layer, middle layer and second upper cover layer (step 7) and then pressed to an OSB wood-based panel (step 8).
  • the OSB wood-based panel obtained is suitably assembled in each case.
  • Strands are produced from pine trunks and torrefected in a continuous torrefaction apparatus at 180 ° C until a mass loss of approx. 20%. This takes place under saturated steam. During the process, the strands change color from light yellow to light brown. The beaches are then cooled in water.
  • the binder (PMDI, approx. 3% by weight) is then applied in a gluing machine (gluing drum, for example from Coil) in finely divided form to the torrefected wooden strands.
  • gluing machine gluing drum, for example from Coil
  • the glued torrefected stands are spread as a middle class in an OSB system.
  • the top layer is formed from strands that have been dried in a tumble dryer. These were also glued with PMDI as glue (approx. 3% by weight). The beaches are not z. B. additionally hydrophobicized a paraffin emulsion so as not to interfere with the tests to be carried out subsequently by the hydrophobicizing agent. The scattered strands are pressed into OSB boards in a Contipress.
  • the percentage distribution between the middle and top layers is at least 70% to 30%.
  • the strands are pressed into sheets with a bulk density of approx. 570 kg / m 3 .
  • test plate After a storage period of approximately one week, the test plate was tested for VOC release together with a standard plate of the same thickness in a micro-chamber.
  • Chamber parameters temperature 23 ° C; Humidity 0%; Air flow 150 ml / min; Air change 188 / h; Loading 48.8 m 2 / m 3 ; Sample surface area 0.003 m 2 , chamber volume: 48 ml
  • Table 1 parameter Test plate ⁇ g / m 2 xh Standard plate ⁇ g / m 2 xh Hexanal 1093 3164 3-carene 388 1962 ⁇ -pinene 322 1174 Pentanal 78 354 ⁇ -pinene 98 314

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de plaques en matériau dérivé du bois OSB, avec une émission réduite de composés organiques volatils (COV), comprenant les étapes de :
    a) fabrication de lamelles de bois en bois appropriés,
    b) torréfaction d'au moins une partie des lamelles de bois dans une atmosphère de vapeur saturée à des températures entre 160 °C et 200 °C et des pressions de 6 bars à 16 bars ;
    c) collage des lamelles de bois torréfiées à l'étape b) et des lamelles de bois non torréfiées avec au moins un liant ;
    d) répartition des lamelles de bois collées sur une bande de transport ; et
    e) pressage des lamelles de bois collées en une plaque en matériau dérivé du bois OSB.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des lamelles de bois est séchée avant la torréfaction.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des lamelles de bois est torréfiée à une humidité de 20 à 50 % en poids.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des lamelles de bois torréfiées ou un mélange de lamelles de bois torréfiées et de lamelles de bois non torréfiées sont utilisées comme couche médiane et/ou couche de recouvrement de la plaque en matériau dérivé du bois OSB.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche médiane est formée par des lamelles de bois torréfiées et les lamelles de bois non torréfiées sont utilisées pour les deux couches de recouvrement de la plaque de matériau dérivé du bois OSB.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étape b) de la torréfaction des lamelles de bois est réalisée séparément du processus de fabrication des plaques de matériau dérivé du bois OSB.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois sont évacuées du processus de fabrication des plaques de matériau dérivé du bois OSB et sont introduites dans un dispositif de torréfaction.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois torréfiés sont rentrées directement avant le collage à l'étape c) de nouveau dans le processus de fabrication.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la torréfaction des lamelles de bois est réalisée dans au moins un réacteur de torréfaction, de préférence dans deux réacteurs de torréfaction.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la torréfaction est terminée à une perte de masse des lamelles de bois de 10 à 30 %, de préférence de 15 à 20 %.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois torréfiées sont refroidies avant le collage avec un liant approprié dans de l'eau.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois torréfiées et non torréfiées sont collées avec une quantité de liant de 1,0 à 5,0 % en poids, de préférence de 2 à 4 % en poids, en particulier de 3 % en poids (par rapport à la quantité totale des lamelles de bois).
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une colle de polyuréthane à base de polyisocyanates aromatiques, en particulier de polydiphénylméthandiisocyanate (PMDI), toluylènediisocyanate (TDI) et/ou diphénylméthandiisocyaante (MDI) est utilisée comme liant.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles de bois collées sont pressées à des températures entre 200 et 250 °C, de préférence entre 220 et 230 °C en une plaque de matériau dérivé du bois OSB.
  15. Plaque de matériau dérivé du bois OSB avec une émission réduite de composés organiques volatils (COV) et avec un gonflement réduit et une stabilité de dimensions accrue fabriquée dans un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes comprenant des lamelles de bois torréfiées.
EP16794248.1A 2015-11-18 2016-11-03 Plaque en matériau dérivé du bois osb (panneau de lamelles orientées) présentant des caractéristiques améliorées et son procédé de fabrication Active EP3377283B1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2016/076565 WO2017084884A1 (fr) 2015-11-18 2016-11-03 Panneau à copeaux orientés (osb) en matériau dérivé du bois présentant des propriétés améliorées et procédé de fabrication associé

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UA124056C2 (uk) 2021-07-14
CA3005487C (fr) 2020-10-27
RU2019108980A (ru) 2019-04-05
JP6752926B2 (ja) 2020-09-09
HUE036992T2 (hu) 2018-08-28
RU2019108980A3 (fr) 2021-11-18
PT3170635T (pt) 2018-02-23
JP2018538168A (ja) 2018-12-27
PL3170635T3 (pl) 2018-06-29
JP6518385B2 (ja) 2019-05-22
ES2812200T3 (es) 2021-03-16
PT3377283T (pt) 2020-08-27
RU2684738C1 (ru) 2019-04-12
HUE050465T2 (hu) 2020-12-28
ES2660426T3 (es) 2018-03-22
BR112018009286A2 (pt) 2018-11-06
US10730202B2 (en) 2020-08-04
JP2019142235A (ja) 2019-08-29
CN108290311A (zh) 2018-07-17
WO2017084884A1 (fr) 2017-05-26
BR112018009286A8 (pt) 2019-02-26
RU2766676C2 (ru) 2022-03-15
EP3170635B1 (fr) 2017-12-13
US20180319037A1 (en) 2018-11-08
CN110142831B (zh) 2021-08-20
CN108290311B (zh) 2019-05-10
CN110142831A (zh) 2019-08-20
EP3170635A1 (fr) 2017-05-24
CA3005487A1 (fr) 2017-05-26
PL3377283T3 (pl) 2020-11-16

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