EP3585985B1 - Verfahren zur konservierung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur konservierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3585985B1
EP3585985B1 EP18720124.9A EP18720124A EP3585985B1 EP 3585985 B1 EP3585985 B1 EP 3585985B1 EP 18720124 A EP18720124 A EP 18720124A EP 3585985 B1 EP3585985 B1 EP 3585985B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
nitrogen
condenser
compressed
steam turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18720124.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3585985A1 (de
Inventor
Uwe Juretzek
Michael Rziha
Edwin Gobrecht
Michael SCHÖTTLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3585985A1 publication Critical patent/EP3585985A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3585985B1 publication Critical patent/EP3585985B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/006—Vacuum-breakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power plant and a method for preserving a power plant.
  • a power plant and a method for preserving it are for example in the document DE 10 2014 225711 A1 disclosed.
  • the vacuum was broken during longer standstills, i.e. the steam turbine and condenser were filled with ambient air.
  • the ambient air thus contained in the steam turbine and condenser was dried by means of dryers to such an extent that corrosion was sufficiently contained due to the extensive absence of moisture.
  • a critical point in this context is the condensate collecting tank, from which the condensate is either completely drained or at least the level is reduced. This makes it difficult to restart.
  • the breaking of the vacuum through the ambient air also introduces "pollution" into the steam turbine and into the condenser, so that the required steam purity is correspondingly more difficult to achieve when restarting and the start-up process takes correspondingly longer.
  • Corrosion can either be prevented by the absence of moisture (previously the most common approach with regard to steam turbine and condenser) or oxygen.
  • nitrogen is already commonly used today to prevent corrosion and to preserve in the steam-carrying area of the boiler and in the steam line area.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a power plant with which a preservation method is possible that is advantageous both in terms of effectiveness and cost efficiency and in terms of the ability of the power plant to start quickly.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a corresponding method for preservation.
  • the invention solves the problem directed at a power plant by providing that in such a power plant comprising a steam turbine with a shaft, a condenser connected downstream of the steam turbine in the steam flow direction, a vacuum pump connected downstream of the condenser, a sealing steam system with shaft seals and one opening into the shaft seals Dense steam supply line into which a first nitrogen line opens into the condenser and a second nitrogen line and a recirculation line branching off from the vacuum pump open into the dense steam supply line.
  • the steam turbine / condenser can be brought into the conserved state to a low (a few mbar) nitrogen overpressure during shutdown.
  • the nitrogen requirement can be kept comparatively low via the recirculation line.
  • the shaft seals comprise sealing steam chambers and vapor chambers, with the sealing steam supply line going into the sealing steam chambers opens and the vapor chambers are connected to a vapor blower to suck air penetrating into the shaft seals and a partial flow of the steam from the sealing steam chambers and feed it to a vapor condenser.
  • this arrangement can also be used to collect or remove the nitrogen in a controlled manner and, if necessary, to reuse it.
  • nitrogen which is required or occurs to a significant extent in the case of an upright, conserved plant, can be recovered.
  • an electrical superheater is connected to the sealing steam supply line and the nitrogen line opens into the sealing steam supply line upstream of the superheater. If necessary, the warming / heating of the steam turbine can be supported by heating the nitrogen via the electrical superheater (actually auxiliary steam superheater) in the dense steam system.
  • the object directed to a method is achieved by a method for the preservation of a power plant comprising a steam turbine, a condenser connected downstream of the steam turbine, a vacuum pump connected downstream of the condenser and a dense steam system, whereby when the steam turbine is shut down in a preserved state, nitrogen enters the dense steam system and into the Condenser is introduced, and the steam turbine and the condenser are brought to nitrogen overpressure and the vacuum pump is switched off, whereby when starting the steam turbine, nitrogen is branched off from the exhaust air of the vacuum pump and fed back to the sealing steam system.
  • nitrogen is introduced into a sealing steam supply line of the sealing steam system upstream of an electrical superheater.
  • the electrical superheater in the sealing steam system ensures that the over the nitrogen fed into the sealing steam system has sufficiently high temperatures for the shaft sealing steam supply.
  • a nitrogen pressure in the steam turbine or in the condenser is increased before an expected temperature change, in particular cooling, in the steam turbine or in the condenser. Otherwise, in the worst case, ambient air can be sucked into the steam turbine or the condenser.
  • Such a temperature fluctuation and the associated pressure fluctuation in the steam turbine or condenser can be caused, for example, by the operation of the main cooling water system during the preservation. Such circulations of the cooling water during longer standstills are necessary from time to time from a chemical / biological point of view.
  • sealing steam system when the power plant is started up, as long as there is insufficient sealing steam, nitrogen is continuously replenished via the sealing steam system. In particular, this takes place during the evacuation of the condenser to block the steam turbine shaft seal. This prevents ambient air from flowing into the steam turbine and, as a result, contamination of the water-steam cycle.
  • a sealing steam supply that is independent of the waste heat steam generator is therefore not necessary, i.e. a separate auxiliary steam generator could be saved if necessary. This also leads to energy savings.
  • nitrogen is recirculated from the condenser into the dense steam system to start up the power plant, namely after air has been expelled in a recirculation line from the condenser to the dense steam system and after a sufficient negative pressure has been reached in the condenser to allow steam diversion stations to be opened.
  • Sufficient negative pressure typically means 600 mbar.
  • the nitrogen-enriched exhaust air from the vapor chambers is compressed and made available as input air to a nitrogen generator. Furthermore, it is expedient if a comparatively small, highly pure amount of nitrogen is provided for the preservation during shutdown and during standstill and a comparatively larger, impure amount of nitrogen is provided per time for start-up.
  • the vapor steam system is advantageously in operation at least temporarily during a targeted nitrogen filling of the condenser and the steam turbine.
  • the invention has numerous advantages. For example, in addition to a significantly improved preservation (e.g. greatly reduced corrosion in the condensate collecting tank) compared to the current concept (dryer-based), the invention also enables cost savings (in terms of investment and operation) while at the same time reducing the start-up time from longer standstills and this without the need for an external Auxiliary steam source is required.
  • the preparation time up to the actual start time is shortened compared to the prior art, for example, because the condensate collecting tank is already filled or that there is no need to wait for the sealing steam to be provided.
  • the investment cost savings result from the elimination of the previous dryer including connection lines, the auxiliary steam boiler including ancillary systems or additional start-up devices for the early sealing steam supply from the cold reheating and thus from the boiler, etc.
  • the offsetting costs for the nitrogen supply are significantly lower and include in the Essentially the nitrogen storage tank, pipelines and valves for nitrogen supply or for nitrogen discharge into the open.
  • the Figure 1 shows schematically and by way of example a power plant 1 comprising a steam turbine 2 with a shaft 3, a condenser 4 connected downstream of the steam turbine 2 in the steam flow direction, and a vacuum pump 5 connected downstream of the condenser 4 a sealing steam system 6 with a sealing steam supply line 8 opening into the shaft seals 7 is used.
  • the shaft seals 7 include sealing steam chambers 12 and steam chambers 13.
  • the sealing steam supply line 8 coming from the auxiliary steam generator 19 opens into the sealing steam chambers 12.
  • An electrical superheater 16 is connected to the sealing steam supply line 8 to overheat the auxiliary steam or sealing steam.
  • the vapor chambers 13 are connected to a vapor blower 14 in order to suck air penetrating into the shaft seals 7 and a partial flow of the steam from the sealing steam chambers 12.
  • the evacuated vapor is fed to a vapor condenser 15.
  • a first nitrogen line 9 opens into the condenser 4.
  • a second nitrogen line 10 opens upstream of the electrical superheater 16 into the sealing steam supply line 8.
  • a recirculation line 11 branching off from the vacuum pump 5 opens into the sealing steam supply line 8.
  • the recirculated amount of nitrogen can be via a valve 40 can be set in the recirculation line 11.
  • the pressure of the vacuum pump 5 can also be regulated via valve 41 or in combination of the two valves 40 and 41.
  • the nitrogen supply takes place in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 1 via a nitrogen generator as well as a nitrogen store 20.
  • a corresponding shut-off on the condenser side on the air suction of the condenser is closed.
  • the vacuum breaker is not used (it can be omitted entirely if it is replaced by a sufficiently large nitrogen supply at the condenser).
  • the pressure in the condenser 4 / in the steam turbine 2 is then increased to overpressure 24 via the nitrogen supply.
  • An overpressure is always maintained in the dense steam system during the nitrogen filling process (this can start slowly while the power plant is being shut down, i.e. the steam turbo set is still synchronized with the network) (either through nitrogen feed, conventional dense steam supply from the boiler or a combination of these) both) so that no ambient air can enter via this path. This is to ensure that, from a chemical point of view, the system is always ready to start quickly (no waiting for steam purity) and that there is no corrosion in the area of the steam turbine and condenser even when the condensate collecting tank is full.
  • the nitrogen supply to the dense steam system 6 is taken out of operation 26 during the conservation phase.
  • the vapor steam system 18 is in operation at least temporarily during a targeted nitrogen filling of the condenser and the steam turbine.
  • Exhaust air enriched with nitrogen from the vapor chambers 13 can be compressed and made available as input air to a nitrogen generator 17 28.
  • a comparatively small, highly pure first amount of nitrogen is required for preservation during the shutdown and when the steam turbine 2 is at a standstill 29.
  • the steam turbine 2 is kept warm or heated by heating the nitrogen via an electrical superheater 16 arranged in the dense steam supply line 8.
  • nitrogen is continuously replenished 32 via the sealing steam system 6 to block the steam turbine shaft seal, as long as there is insufficient sealing steam.
  • the vacuum pump 5 When the steam turbine 2 starts up, the vacuum pump 5 is put into operation again 33. In particular, a vacuum sufficient to open the steam diversion stations or to enable the gas turbine to start is drawn via the vacuum pumps. Nitrogen is blown off via a corresponding exhaust air line on the vacuum pumps over the roof 34 or, in the case of nitrogen production on site (e.g. by means of pressure swing adsorption), fed to a special supply air area on a compressed air generation system for nitrogen production 35. It therefore makes sense to use the strong nitrogen -containing exhaust gas to compress the exhaust vapor system 18 or the exhaust air from the vacuum pump 5 again and to make it available to the nitrogen generator 17 as input compressed air. In this way, the nitrogen recovery system and the "amount of compressed air" required for it can be greatly reduced.
  • the nitrogen required can either come from an externally filled storage device (e.g. cylinder battery) or nitrogen is obtained on site (e.g. by means of pressure change adsorption) and, if necessary, kept ready in a storage device.
  • the dimensioning of the storage facility and / or the nitrogen recovery system must be sufficient to ensure at least the filling of the steam turbine / condenser and the subsequent pressure maintenance.
  • the restart concept must also be taken into account, i.e. it must be taken into account when the nitrogen make-up can be replaced by conventional sealing steam. If there is no on-site nitrogen production, the delivery logistics must also be taken into account when dimensioning the storage facility.
  • nitrogen is at least temporarily branched off from the exhaust air of the vacuum pump 5 during start-up and fed to the sealing steam system 6 36.
  • the nitrogen is of course not recirculated into the sealing steam system 6 immediately, but only after a certain operating time, namely when Air has been expelled in a recirculation line 11 from the condenser 4 to the sealing steam system 6 and after a sufficient negative pressure has been reached in the condenser 4, which allows steam diversion stations to be opened. This is ensured by appropriate shut-off devices.
  • the capacity of a given nitrogen plant can be varied by varying the degree of nitrogen purity.
  • the provision of a smaller but highly pure amount of nitrogen is necessary for the preservation. This is required during shutdown and standstill and results from the comparatively low nitrogen losses via the vapor steam system, since the nitrogen overpressure in the steam turbine / condenser is kept very low for conservation purposes.
  • a nitrogen production could now be switched from "highly pure" in the case of preservation for start-up, so that a larger, more impure second nitrogen quantity is provided in comparison to this 37.
  • the provision of a larger, impure nitrogen quantity for start-up is necessary with regard to the quantity and in the Sufficient in terms of purity.
  • the vapor steam system 18 (in particular the fans for extraction) remains in operation for the entire time (also during the possibly longer standstill preservation) and that the nitrogen that otherwise escapes via the shaft seals 7 into the machine house is transferred a corresponding pipeline leads off over the roof or to a special (appropriately well shielded) supply air area at an additional compressed air generation system only intended for the compression of the nitrogen-containing exhaust air.
  • the existing machine house ventilation ensures that any nitrogen accumulations (e.g. in the event of a malfunction of the suction fans on the vapor system 18), which could prevent an adequate supply of oxygen for humans, cannot arise in the first place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP18720124.9A 2017-04-11 2018-04-10 Verfahren zur konservierung Active EP3585985B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017206196 2017-04-11
PCT/EP2018/059155 WO2018189176A1 (de) 2017-04-11 2018-04-10 Verfahren zur konservierung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3585985A1 EP3585985A1 (de) 2020-01-01
EP3585985B1 true EP3585985B1 (de) 2021-05-26

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US10895172B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3585985B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6880232B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR102216364B1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2887407T3 (ja)
PT (1) PT3585985T (ja)
WO (1) WO2018189176A1 (ja)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7427561B2 (ja) 2020-08-18 2024-02-05 株式会社東芝 復水器真空調整装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2018189176A1 (de) 2018-10-18
ES2887407T3 (es) 2021-12-22
US10895172B2 (en) 2021-01-19
KR20190131118A (ko) 2019-11-25
JP2020516808A (ja) 2020-06-11
JP6880232B2 (ja) 2021-06-02
PT3585985T (pt) 2021-07-28
US20200149435A1 (en) 2020-05-14
KR102216364B1 (ko) 2021-02-17
EP3585985A1 (de) 2020-01-01

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