EP3575468B1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3575468B1
EP3575468B1 EP18174513.4A EP18174513A EP3575468B1 EP 3575468 B1 EP3575468 B1 EP 3575468B1 EP 18174513 A EP18174513 A EP 18174513A EP 3575468 B1 EP3575468 B1 EP 3575468B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sides
cooling chamber
cooling
cooling air
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18174513.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3575468A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Nitschke
Martin Neuenhofer
Christine NOACK
Detlef Frey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Original Assignee
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik filed Critical Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority to DK18174513.4T priority Critical patent/DK3575468T3/da
Priority to ES18174513T priority patent/ES2831077T3/es
Priority to SI201830144T priority patent/SI3575468T1/sl
Priority to EP18174513.4A priority patent/EP3575468B1/fr
Priority to JP2019081748A priority patent/JP7168832B2/ja
Priority to CA3041370A priority patent/CA3041370C/fr
Priority to AU2019203030A priority patent/AU2019203030B2/en
Priority to TNP/2019/000155A priority patent/TN2019000155A1/en
Priority to MYPI2019002752A priority patent/MY195026A/en
Priority to KR1020190058726A priority patent/KR102280140B1/ko
Priority to IL266792A priority patent/IL266792B/en
Priority to CN201910431659.5A priority patent/CN110541206B/zh
Priority to US16/420,253 priority patent/US11066766B2/en
Priority to RU2019115890A priority patent/RU2732563C1/ru
Priority to MX2019006145A priority patent/MX2019006145A/es
Priority to BR102019010819-3A priority patent/BR102019010819B1/pt
Priority to UAA201905736A priority patent/UA122106C2/uk
Priority to CONC2019/0005491A priority patent/CO2019005491A1/es
Priority to PE2019001078A priority patent/PE20191834A1/es
Priority to ARP190101422A priority patent/AR115429A1/es
Priority to JOP/2019/0120A priority patent/JOP20190120B1/ar
Priority to MA45967A priority patent/MA45967B1/fr
Priority to CL2019001438A priority patent/CL2019001438A1/es
Publication of EP3575468A1 publication Critical patent/EP3575468A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3575468B1 publication Critical patent/EP3575468B1/fr
Priority to US17/338,122 priority patent/US11365498B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D04H3/033—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random reorientation immediately after yarn or filament formation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing spunbonded nonwovens from continuous filaments, in particular from continuous filaments made of thermoplastic material, a spinnerette being provided for spinning the continuous filaments and a cooling chamber for cooling the spun filaments with cooling air, furthermore a drawing device for drawing the filaments and a storage device for depositing the filaments and for transporting the filaments away in the machine direction (MD).
  • MD machine direction
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding method for producing spunbonded nonwovens from continuous filaments.
  • - Spunbond nonwoven in the context of the invention means in particular a spunbond nonwoven produced by the spunbond process.
  • Corresponding spunbond devices for producing spunbond nonwovens are known to the person skilled in the art. Because of their quasi-endless length, continuous filaments differ from staple fibers, which have significantly shorter lengths of, for example, 10 mm to 60 mm.
  • Machine direction means here and below the direction in which the filament deposit or fleece deposit is transported away by means of a depositing device, in particular by means of a depositing screen belt.
  • the cooling chamber and the stretching device generally extend transversely to the machine direction (MD) and thus in the so-called CD direction.
  • the walls of the cooling chamber and the stretching device facing the filament stream are normally significantly longer in the CD direction than on their end faces or end walls in the MD direction.
  • the cooling air supply in the cooling chamber usually takes place via the long walls - facing the filament flow - in the CD direction (CD walls).
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a device of the type mentioned at the beginning with which inhomogeneities or defects in the filament deposit in the edge area or in the MD area can be prevented or at least largely minimized.
  • the invention is also based on the technical problem of specifying a corresponding method for producing such spunbonded nonwovens.
  • the invention teaches a device for the production of spunbonded nonwovens from continuous filaments, in particular from continuous filaments made of thermoplastic material, a spinnerette being provided for spinning the continuous filaments and a cooling chamber for cooling the spun filaments with cooling air, with a drawing device for drawing the filaments and a depositing device for depositing the filaments and for transporting the filaments away in the machine direction (MD) is available,
  • cooling chamber on its opposite sides extending transversely to the machine direction (in the CD direction) each has an air supply cabin for the supply of cooling air and wherein on at least one of the sides (MD sides) arranged parallel to the machine direction (in the MD direction) the Cooling chamber cooling air can be removed from the cooling chamber.
  • cooling air or process air is therefore discharged from the cooling chamber on the - generally short or shorter - sides (MD sides) or end faces of the cooling chamber. It is within the scope of the invention that cooling air is discharged from the cooling chamber on both of the sides (MD sides) of the cooling chamber that are arranged parallel to the machine direction (in the MD direction). - The air is expediently discharged over the height or the vertical height of an MD side of the cooling chamber and preferably over the entire height or over the entire vertical height of an MD side of the cooling chamber or on several over the height or the vertical height of an MD side of the Cooling chamber distributed points or discharge points.
  • the invention is initially based on the knowledge that to improve the homogeneity of the fleece deposit in the edge areas or in the area of the MD sides of the device, influencing the cooling air flow in these edge areas is sensible and expedient.
  • the filament movements can be influenced in such a way that the filament deposition is uniform.
  • the air discharge according to the invention on the MD sides effectively prevents the air flow from becoming detached when the cross section is enlarged in the CD direction, so that uniform filament guidance can be maintained.
  • the invention is also based on the knowledge that discharging the cooling air at the end faces or MD sides represents a relatively simple measure with which the technical problem can nonetheless be solved efficiently and functionally.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that any front-side air suction in the area of a monomer suction between the spinnerette and the cooling chamber or in the area of the stretching device and / or in the area of the diffuser does not provide a remedy here but that it actually affects the cooling air discharge in the area or in the height area of the Cooling chamber arrives. It is of particular importance that the measures according to the invention of the frontal cooling air discharge have proven themselves especially at high throughputs of more than 150 kg / h / m, more than 200 kg / h / m and even more than 250 kg / h / m.
  • the measures according to the invention have proven effective at thread speeds greater than 2000 m / min proven.
  • the measures according to the invention have proven themselves at high thread speeds of 4000 to 5000 m / min or even more than 5000 m / min.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the device according to the invention is set up with the proviso that a continuous discharge or an essentially continuous discharge of the cooling air takes place on at least one MD side, preferably on both MD sides.
  • At least one, preferably both of the MD sides of the cooling chamber, which are arranged parallel to the machine direction, are delimited or closed by at least one side wall and / or by at least one side door.
  • the cooling air is then discharged in the area of the side wall and / or side door or through the side wall and / or through the side door.
  • a side wall or a side door has transparent areas through which the thread position or through which the filament movement can be inspected from the outside.
  • At least one opening or a plurality of openings is provided in at least one side wall and / or in at least one side door of the MD sides, with at least one opening or through these openings cooling air over the MD sides the cooling chamber is discharged.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one permeable or semipermeable area or a plurality of permeable or semipermeable areas is provided in at least one side wall and / or in at least one side door of the MD sides, with these permeable or semi-permeable areas cooling air is discharged from the cooling chamber via the MD sides.
  • a particularly proven embodiment of the invention is characterized in that openings and / or permeable or semipermeable areas are arranged distributed over the height of at least one side wall and / or over the height of at least one side door and preferably over the height of both side walls or both side doors . If openings are provided in a side wall and / or a side door, these are expediently at least 5, preferably at least 10 and particularly preferably at least 15 openings.
  • the openings can be implemented in the form of bores, gaps and the like. According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the embodiments described above are implemented with the openings and / or with the permeable or semipermeable areas on both MD sides or on both side walls or side doors of the cooling chamber.
  • At least one side door preferably both side doors, is made into permeable or semi-permeable areas and / or openings are made in the edge profiles.
  • a well-proven embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one MD side, preferably both MD sides, has at least one air guide element, preferably several air guide elements for guiding the cooling air to be discharged.
  • a recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the edge profiles of at least one side door, preferably both side doors, are designed as air guiding elements.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the cooling air is discharged from the cooling chamber passively via the MD sides of the cooling chamber.
  • the device is set up with the proviso that cooling air can be discharged through at least one MD side, preferably through both MD sides, of the cooling chamber due to an overpressure in the cooling chamber.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that cooling air is actively discharged from the cooling chamber via at least one MD side.
  • at least one fan is provided with which cooling air can be removed from the cooling chamber through at least the MD side of the cooling chamber.
  • the device according to the invention is designed with the proviso that on one MD side of the cooling chamber, preferably on each of the two MD sides of the cooling chamber, a cooling air quantity of 1 to 400 m 3 / h, preferably 2 up to 350 m 3 / h and in particular from 5 to 350 m 3 / h can be removed.
  • a cooling air quantity of 10 to 300 m 3 / h, in particular 25 to 250 m 3 / h and very preferably 30 to 200 m 3 / h is particularly preferred on one MD side or on each of the two MD sides of the cooling chamber deductible.
  • a regulation or throttling of the discharged cooling air volume flow takes place as a function of the thread position or the filament arrangement and / or filament movement in the area of the MD sides.
  • the thread position or the filament movement in the area of the MD sides can be observed and the regulation or throttling of the cooling air volume flow is adjusted until the filament bundle no longer shows any undesired movements.
  • the observation can in particular through transparent areas in the side doors of the device.
  • the discharged cooling air volume flows on the two MD sides can be regulated or throttled separately.
  • the cooling air volume flow discharged on at least one MD side is regulated or throttled as a function of at least one measurement parameter.
  • the pressure in the cooling chamber can be regulated or throttled as a function of at least one measurement parameter, and the pressure or overpressure in the cooling chamber then takes place - as it were a passive - a cooling air volume flow, expediently against a fixed throttling .
  • One embodiment variant is characterized in that, depending on at least one measurement parameter, at least one suction fan is set to discharge the cooling air volume flow on at least one MD side, preferably on both MD sides (active cooling air discharge).
  • the at least one measurement parameter is in particular the throughput of the device and / or the selected plastic for the filaments and / or the melt temperature and / or the air temperature and / or the volume flow in the cooling chamber and / or the pressure in the cooling chamber.
  • the above-described regulation or throttling of the cooling air volume flow that is discharged via the MD side or the MD sides of the cooling chamber then takes place.
  • a recommended regulation or throttling of the discharged cooling air volume flow is characterized in that the filaments or the filament movement in the edge area on the MD sides are recorded with the aid of a camera or the like.
  • the required cooling air volume flow to be discharged can be calculated, adjusted and regulated either as a function of the filament movement or as a function of a brightness distribution with appropriate lighting.
  • Corresponding camera images or camera evaluations can also be displayed on a control panel, so that control or regulation of the discharged cooling air volume flow is possible from there.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the fleece deposit is observed or measured and evaluated in the edge area on the MD sides and the required cooling air volume flow to be discharged is set or regulated as a function of the evaluation results.
  • the device according to the invention has at least one control and / or regulating device with which the cooling air volume flow discharged through the at least one MD side or through the MD sides can be controlled and / or regulated or can be throttled.
  • the cooling air volume flows discharged via the two MD sides can be the same or essentially the same.
  • cooling air volume flows of different sizes are discharged on the two MD sides.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a different cooling air discharge takes place over the height or the vertical height of the cooling chamber or different cooling air volume flows are discharged. In this respect, different blow-off profiles result over the height or over the vertical height of the cooling chamber in this embodiment.
  • the continuous filaments are spun by means of a spinnerette and fed to the cooling chamber for cooling the filaments with cooling air.
  • at least one spinning beam for spinning the filaments is arranged transversely to the machine direction (MD direction).
  • the spinning beam is oriented perpendicular or essentially perpendicular to the machine direction.
  • the spinning beam it is also possible for the spinning beam to be arranged at an angle to the machine direction.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one monomer suction device is arranged between the spinnerette and the cooling chamber.
  • a monomer suction device preferably has at least one suction chamber to which at least one suction fan is expediently connected. It is within the scope of the invention that, in the direction of flow of the filaments, the cooling chamber with the air supply cabins for supplying the cooling air is connected to the monomer suction device. The cooling air is introduced into the cooling chamber from these air supply booths extending in the CD direction (transverse to the machine direction).
  • the removal of cooling air according to the invention from the cooling chamber via the MD sides of the cooling chamber takes place parallel to the machine direction and thus in the MD direction.
  • These MD sides of the cooling chamber are expediently shorter or significantly shorter than the CD sides of the cooling chamber, along which the two opposing air supply cabins of the cooling chamber extend.
  • the air supply cabins can each be subdivided into two or more cabin sections arranged one above the other, from which cooling air of different temperatures can preferably be supplied. It is recommended that cooling air at a temperature T 1 is introduced into the cooling chamber via two opposite cabin sections of the air supply cabins and cooling air at a temperature T 2 is introduced into the cooling chamber via two opposing cabin sections of the two air supply cabins arranged below, the two temperatures T 1 and T being mutually exclusive 2 appropriately differentiate. It is within the scope of the invention that cooling air discharge according to the invention takes place on the MD sides in the area of each cabin section of the supply cabin.
  • the filaments are introduced from the cooling chamber into a stretching device for stretching the filaments.
  • the cooling chamber is followed by an intermediate channel which connects the cooling chamber with a stretching shaft of the stretching device.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the unit from the cooling chamber and the stretching device or the unit from the cooling chamber, the intermediate channel and the stretching shaft is designed as a closed system.
  • closed system means in particular that, apart from the supply of cooling air into the cooling chamber, no further air supply takes place in this unit.
  • the discharge of the cooling air according to the invention on the MD sides of the cooling chamber has proven particularly useful in combination with the preferred closed unit with a view to solving the technical problem.
  • the Filament deposit achieved particularly homogeneous and defect-free fleece sections. This is especially true if the cooling air is discharged on the MD sides of the cooling chamber at points distributed over the height of the MD sides and especially when cooling air is discharged both in the upper half of the MD sides and in the lower half of the MD -Sides of the cooling chamber is carried out.
  • At least one diffuser through which the filaments are guided, adjoins the stretching device in the direction of flow of the filaments.
  • This diffuser expediently comprises a diffuser cross section that widens in the direction of the filament deposit or a divergent diffuser section.
  • the filaments are deposited on a depositing device for filament depositing or for depositing fleece.
  • the depositing device is expediently a depositing screen belt or an air-permeable depositing screen belt. With this depositing device or with this depositing screen belt, the nonwoven web formed from the filaments is transported away in the machine direction (MD).
  • process air is sucked through the depositing device or through the depositing screen belt or is sucked from below through the depositing screen belt in the deposit area of the filaments.
  • a particularly stable filament deposit or fleece deposit can thereby be achieved.
  • This suction is also of particular importance in combination with the cooling air discharge according to the invention on the MD sides of the cooling chamber.
  • the filament deposit or the nonwoven web is expediently fed to further treatment measures, in particular calendering.
  • a highly recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a flow straightener is provided on the cooling chamber side in at least one air supply cabin, preferably in both air supply cabins of the cooling chamber, through which the cooling air flows before it enters the cooling chamber.
  • the flow straighteners serve to straighten the cooling air flow hitting the filaments.
  • a flow straightener has a plurality of flow channels oriented perpendicular to the filament flow. These flow channels are expediently each delimited by channel walls and are preferably linear. It has been proven that the freely permeable open area of each flow straightener is more than 90% of the total area of the flow straightener.
  • Free flow through open surface of the flow straightener means the surface through which the cooling air can flow freely and is not blocked by the channel walls or by spacers possibly arranged between the flow channels.
  • the ratio of the length L of the flow channels to the smallest inner diameter D i of the flow channels is preferably in the range between 1 and 10, expediently in the range between 1 and 9.
  • the flow channels can, for example, have a polygonal cross section, in particular a hexagonal cross section. However, they can also be round, for example circular, in cross section.
  • the smallest inside diameter D i for a cross section in the form of a regular hexagon, is measured between two opposite sides and not between two opposite corners.
  • the smallest inside diameter D i means in particular the smallest inside diameter averaged with respect to the plurality of flow channels or the mean smallest inside diameter.
  • the cooling air discharged from at least one MD side can be introduced into the monomer suction device.
  • the at least one suction fan connected to the monomer suction device can be used.
  • the discharged cooling air is preferably passed through a filter system provided in the monomer suction device.
  • the cooling air discharged on an MD side or on the MD sides of the cooling chamber can be introduced into the intermediate channel and / or into the diffuser and / or into the suction below the storage device.
  • the invention also teaches a method for the production of spunbonded nonwovens from continuous filaments, in particular from continuous filaments made of thermoplastic material, the continuous filaments being spun out and then being cooled in a cooling chamber, with the filaments being cooled across two opposite one another to the machine direction (in the CD direction) extending sides cooling air is introduced into the cooling chamber and cooling air is discharged from the cooling chamber on at least one of the sides (MD sides) arranged parallel to the machine direction - preferably on both MD sides.
  • the cooling air volume flow discharged through the at least one MD side is controlled and / or regulated or throttled.
  • the cooling air volume flow discharged through the at least one MD side - preferably through both MD sides - is expediently regulated or controlled depending on the filament state or the filament bundle state in the area of the MD side or in the area of the MD sides. throttled. It is also within the scope of the invention that the cooling air volume flows discharged through the two MD sides can each be controlled and / or regulated or throttled separately.
  • the cooling air discharged through at least one MD side - preferably through both MD sides of the cooling chamber - can be fed into a monomer suction device provided between the spinnerette and the cooling chamber and / or into the process volume flow below the cooling chamber and / or into the stretching device and / or into a diffuser arranged between the stretching device and the depositing device and / or into the suction below the depositing device.
  • a recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that throughputs of over 150, preferably over 200 kg / h / m and also over 250 kg / h / m are used.
  • the throughputs achieved in the process according to the invention are expediently 150 to 300 kg / h / m. It is within the scope of the invention that in the process according to the invention in the course of producing filaments or spunbonded nonwovens from polyolefins, in particular from polypropylene, a thread speed or a filament speed of more than 2000 m / min is used.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that spunbonded nonwovens of optimal quality and very homogeneous properties can be produced with the device according to the invention and with the method according to the invention.
  • homogeneous fleece sections that have virtually no flaws are possible, especially in the edge areas (on the MD sides) of the filament deposit.
  • the web deposits produced according to the invention have a uniform or essentially uniform weight per unit area over their width - and in particular also in their edge regions.
  • the fact that a preferred flow direction is imposed on the air or cooling air in the MD areas, as it were, means that a very stable, compact and uniform edge area can be achieved.
  • the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are also suitable for high filament speeds and high throughputs.
  • the figures show a device according to the invention for producing spunbonded nonwovens from continuous filaments 1, in particular from continuous filaments 1 made of thermoplastic material.
  • the device has a spinnerette 2 for spinning the continuous filaments 1.
  • These spun continuous filaments 1 are introduced into a cooling device 3 with a cooling chamber 4 and with air supply cabins 5, 6 arranged on two opposite sides of the cooling chamber 4.
  • the cooling chamber 4 and the air supply cabins 5, 6 extend transversely to the machine direction MD and thus in the CD direction of the device. Cooling air is introduced into the cooling chamber 4 from the opposite air supply cabins 5, 6.
  • a flow straightener 18 is expediently provided on the cooling chamber side in the exemplary embodiment, through which the cooling air flows before it enters the cooling chamber 4.
  • a monomer suction device 7 is preferably arranged between the spinnerette 2 and the cooling device 3 in the exemplary embodiment. With this monomer suction device 7 interfering gases occurring during the spinning process can be removed from the device. These gases can be, for example, monomers, oligomers or decomposition products and similar substances.
  • the monomer suction device 7 expediently and in the exemplary embodiment has a suction fan 22 for suctioning off the interfering gases.
  • the air supply cabins 5, 6 with their flow straighteners 18 extend along the CD sides 24 of the cooling chamber 4 transversely to the machine direction MD. Cooling air is supplied to the cooling chamber 4 from the air supply cabins 5, 6 through the CD sides. According to the invention, on the front sides or on the MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber cooling air is discharged. These cooling air flows are particularly in the Fig. 3 and illustrated there by arrows. The cooling air discharge on the MD sides 25 is explained in more detail below.
  • the end faces or the MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber 4 are expediently and in the exemplary embodiment the short sides of the cooling chamber 4, which are in particular made significantly shorter than the CD sides 24. According to an embodiment variant and in the exemplary embodiment, are on the MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber 4 side doors 23 are provided.
  • the cooling device 3 is followed by a stretching device 8 in which the filaments 1 are stretched.
  • the stretching device 8 preferably and in the exemplary embodiment has an intermediate channel 9 which connects the cooling device 3 to a stretching shaft 10 of the stretching device 8.
  • the unit from the cooling device 3 and the stretching device 8 or the unit from the cooling device 3, the intermediate channel 9 and the stretching shaft 10 is designed as a closed system.
  • a closed system means, in particular, that apart from the supply of cooling air in the cooling device 3, no further air is supplied to this unit. This closed system has proven particularly useful in connection with the cooling air discharge according to the invention on the MD sides 25 of the device.
  • secondary air inlet gaps 12 for introducing secondary air into the diffuser 11 are between the stretching device 8 or between the stretching shaft 10 and the diffuser 11 intended.
  • the filaments are preferably and in the exemplary embodiment deposited on a depositing device designed as a depositing screen belt 13. The filament deposit or the nonwoven web 14 is then conveyed or transported away with the depositing screen belt 13 in the machine direction MD.
  • a suction device for sucking air or process air through the depositing screen belt 13 is provided under the depositing device or below the depositing screen belt 13.
  • a suction area 15 is preferred and arranged in the exemplary embodiment below the diffuser outlet under the screen belt 13.
  • the suction area 15 preferably extends at least over the width B of the diffuser outlet.
  • the width b of the suction area 15 is greater than the width B of the diffuser outlet.
  • each air supply cabin 5, 6 is divided into two cabin sections 16, 17, from which cooling air of different temperatures can be introduced into the cooling chamber 4.
  • each air supply cabins 5, 6 can also be divided into more than two cabin sections 16, 17 arranged one above the other, from which cooling air of different temperatures is expediently supplied. This subdivision of the air supply cabins 5, 6 and the inflow of cooling air at different temperatures is also of particular importance in combination with the cooling air discharge according to the invention via the MD sides 25.
  • very homogeneous edge sections of the fleece deposit are created achieved and a very stable and compact edge of the nonwoven web 14 is achieved.
  • Fig. 2, 3 and 4th illustrate the cooling air discharge according to the invention via the MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber 4.
  • the cooling air volume flows are discharged here transversely to the machine direction MD and thus in the CD direction or essentially in the CD direction.
  • the directions of the flow vectors correspond to the arrows symbolizing the cooling air flows in the figures. Due to the measures according to the invention, the cooling air is given a preferred flow direction (in the CD direction) in the edge area, which causes the advantages according to the invention.
  • the cooling air volume flows discharged on the two MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber 4 can be set differently.
  • disruptive manufacturing and assembly tolerances and / or different process air volume flows or monomer volume flows can be compensated for with regard to a homogeneous fleece deposit.
  • differences between the two edges of the fleece deposit due to unevenness due to different heat input by the plastic melt or due to different per-hole throughputs on the spinnerette or due to different mixing ratios can be compensated for.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a preferred example of an embodiment of an MD side 25 of the cooling chamber 4 for the purpose of a cooling air discharge according to the invention.
  • angular air guide elements 26 extending over the height of the cooling chamber 4 are provided on the MD sides 25 .
  • these air guiding elements 26 form the edge profiles of the side doors 23.
  • These air guiding elements 26 have bores 27 which are arranged distributed over the height of the cooling chamber 4.
  • the cooling air is discharged on the MD sides via these bores 27 of the air guide elements 26. This discharge can take place passively due to an overpressure in the cooling chamber 4 and / or actively by actively sucking off the cooling air, for example by means of a fan not shown in the figures.
  • the cooling air is discharged over the entire height of the cooling chamber 4. It is within the scope of the invention that the cooling air flows drawn off through the bores 27 are brought together in a line and / or in a chamber and are controlled, for example, via a slide .
  • One embodiment is characterized in that the partial volume flows of cooling air withdrawn from both MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber 4 are brought together - for example are brought together in a chamber and / or a line - and set together - in particular with an actuating and / or regulating element or regulated.
  • the combination of the cooling air discharge on the MD sides 25 of the cooling chamber 4 with the flow straighteners 18 arranged in the air supply cabins 5, 6 of the cooling chamber 4 is of particular importance according to the invention.
  • the flow straighteners 18 preferably extend and in the exemplary embodiment over both cabin sections 16, 17 of each air supply cabin 5, 6.
  • the flow straighteners 18 serve to straighten the cooling air flow impinging on the filaments 1.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a flow straightener 18 which is preferably used within the scope of the invention.
  • This flow straightener 18 has, as recommended and in the exemplary embodiment, a plurality of flow channels 19 oriented perpendicular to the filament flow FS.
  • This Flow channels 19 are expediently each delimited by channel walls 20 and are preferably linear.
  • the freely permeable open area of each flow straightener 18 is more than 90% of the total area of the flow straightener 18.
  • the ratio of the length L of the flow channels 19 to the smallest inner diameter D i of the flow channels 19 is in the range between 1 and 10, expediently in the range between 1 and 9.
  • the flow channels 19 of a flow straightener 18 can, for example and in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 6 have a hexagonal or honeycomb cross-section. The smallest inside diameter D i is measured here between opposite sides of the hexagon.
  • each flow straightener 18 has a flow screen 21 both on its cooling air inflow side ES and on its cooling air outflow side AS.
  • the two flow screens 21 of each flow straightener 18 are arranged directly in front of or behind the flow straightener 18.
  • the two flow screens 21 of a flow straightener 18 or the surfaces of these flow screens 21 are oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the flow channels 19 of the flow straightener 18. It has been proven that a flow screen 21 has a mesh size of 0.1 to 0.5 mm and preferably 0.1 to 04 mm and a wire thickness of 0.05 to 035 mm and preferably 0.05 to 0.32 mm.
  • the freely permeable open area of each flow straightener 18 is more than 90% of the total area of the Flow straightener 18 is.
  • the flow screens are not included in this calculation of the freely permeable open area of the flow straightener 18.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Dispositif de fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus (1), en particulier de filaments continus (1) de matière thermoplastique, sachant qu'une busette (2) pour filage des filaments continus (1) est prévue, ainsi qu'une chambre de refroidissement (4) pour refroidir les filaments filés (1) avec de l'air froid, sachant que par la suite il y a un système d'étirage (8) pour étirer les filaments (1) ainsi qu'un système de dépose pour déposer les filaments (1) et pour transporter les filaments dans la direction de la machine (MD),
    sachant que la chambre de refroidissement (4) comporte respectivement une cabine d'alimentation d'air (5, 6) pour l'alimentation de l'air froid sur ses côtés opposés s'étendant transversalement à la direction de la machine (dans la direction CD) et sachant que l'air froid peut être évacué de la chambre de refroidissement (4) sur au moins un des côtés (Côtés MD) de la chambre de refroidissement (4) disposés parallèlement à la direction de la machine (dans la direction MD).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, sachant que sur les deux côtés MD (25) de la chambre de refroidissement (4) disposés parallèlement à la direction de la machine (en direction MD), l'air froid peut être évacué ou est évacué hors de la chambre de refroidissement (4).
  3. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, sachant qu'au moins un, de préférence les deux côtés MD (25) de la chambre de refroidissement (4) disposés parallèlement à la direction de la machine (en direction MD), est/sont délimité(s) par respectivement au moins une paroi latérale et/ou par respectivement au moins une porte latérale (23).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, sachant que dans une paroi latérale et/ou dans une porte latérale (23) est prévue au moins une ouverture et/ou au moins une zone perméable ou semi-perméable, sachant que l'air froid peut être évacué ou est évacué de la chambre de refroidissement (4) par au moins cette ouverture et/ou par au moins cette zone perméable ou semi-perméable.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, sachant que dans une paroi latérale et/ou dans une porte latérale (23) est disposée une pluralité d'ouvertures, de préférence au moins cinq, de préférence au moins dix et en particulier de préférence au moins 15 ouvertures et/ou sachant que dans une paroi latérale et/ou dans une porte latérale est prévue une pluralité de zones perméables ou semi-perméables.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, sachant que le dispositif est agencé conformément au fait que l'air froid peut être évacué ou est évacué par au moins un côté MD (25) de la chambre de refroidissement (4) en raison d'une surpression dans la chambre de refroidissement (4).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, sachant qu'au moins une soufflante est prévue avec laquelle l'air froid peut être évacué ou est évacué de la chambre de refroidissement (4) par au moins un côté MD (25) de la chambre de refroidissement (4).
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, sachant que le dispositif est conçu conformément au fait que sur un côté MD (25) de la chambre de refroidissement (4), de préférence sur chacun des deux côtés MD de la chambre de refroidissement (4), 1 à 400 m3/h, de préférence 2 à 300 m3/h, en particulier de préférence 10 à 300 m3/h, et de façon très préférée 30 à 200 m3/h d'air froid peuvent être évacués.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, sachant qu'au moins un côté MD (25), de préférence les deux côtés MD (25), comporte (nt) au moins un élément de guidage d'air (26), de préférence plusieurs éléments de guidage d'air (26) pour guider l'air froid à évacuer.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, sachant qu'au moins une porte latérale (23) délimitant un côté MD (25) comporte au moins un élément de guidage d'air (26), de préférence plusieurs éléments de guidage d'air (26), sachant de préférence que les profilés de bord d'une porte (23) sont constitués en tant qu'éléments de guidage d'air (26) .
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, sachant qu'au moins un système de commande et/ou de régulation est prévu avec lequel le débit volumétrique de l'air froid évacué par au moins un côté MD (25) ou par au moins les côtés MD (25) peut être commandé et/ou régulé ou restreint.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, sachant qu'un système d'aspiration de monomère (7) est disposé entre la busette (2) et la chambre de refroidissement (4) et sachant que l'air froid évacué d'au moins un côté MD (25) de la chambre de refroidissement (4) peut être introduit dans le système d'aspiration de monomère (7), sachant que de préférence l'air froid évacué peut être passé par un système de filtre prévu dans le système d'aspiration de monomère (7) .
  13. Procédé de fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus (1), en particulier de filaments continus (1) de matière thermoplastique, en particulier au moyen d'un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, sachant que les filaments continus (1) sont filés et sont refroidis à la suite de cela dans une chambre de refroidissement (4), sachant que pour refroidir les filaments (1) de l'air froid est introduit dans la chambre de refroidissement (4) par deux côtés opposés s'étendant transversalement à la direction de la machine et sachant que l'air froid est évacué sur au moins un des côtés (côtés MD) disposés parallèlement à la direction de la machine, de préférence sur les deux côtés MD (25), de la chambre de refroidissement.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, sachant que l'air froid est évacué sur les deux côtés disposés parallèlement à la direction de la machine ou sur les deux côtés MD (25).
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 14, sachant que le débit volumétrique en air froid évacué par au moins un côté MD (25), de préférence par les deux côtés MD (25), est commandé et/ou régulé ou restreint.
  16. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15, sachant que le débit volumétrique en air froid évacué par au moins un côté MD (25), de préférence par les deux côtés MD (25), est régulé ou restreint en fonction de l'état du filament ou faisceau de filaments dans la zone du côté MD (25) ou des côtés MD (25).
  17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 16, sachant que les débits volumétriques en air froid évacués par les deux côtés MD (25) sont respectivement séparément commandés et/ou régulés ou restreints.
  18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 17, sachant que par au moins un côté MD (25) de préférence par les deux côtés MD (25), l'air froid évacué est introduit dans un système d'aspiration de monomère (7) prévu entre la busette (2) et la chambre de refroidissement (4) et/ou dans le système d'étirage (8) et/ou dans un diffuseur (11) disposé entre le système d'étirage (8) et le système de dépose.
EP18174513.4A 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus Active EP3575468B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (24)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK18174513.4T DK3575468T3 (da) 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Indretning og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af filterduge af endeløse filamenter
ES18174513T ES2831077T3 (es) 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Dispositivo y proceso para la fabricación de telas no tejidas hiladas a partir de filamentos continuos
SI201830144T SI3575468T1 (sl) 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Naprava in postopek za proizvodnjo tkanih polsti iz brezkončnih filamentov
EP18174513.4A EP3575468B1 (fr) 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus
JP2019081748A JP7168832B2 (ja) 2018-05-28 2019-04-23 無端のフィラメントから成る紡糸フリースを製造する装置及び方法
CA3041370A CA3041370C (fr) 2018-05-28 2019-04-26 Appareil et methode de fabrication d'un non-tisse file-lie a partir de filaments continus
AU2019203030A AU2019203030B2 (en) 2018-05-28 2019-04-30 Apparatus and method for making spunbond from continuous filaments
TNP/2019/000155A TN2019000155A1 (en) 2018-05-28 2019-05-10 Apparatus and method for making spunbond from continuous filaments.
MYPI2019002752A MY195026A (en) 2018-05-28 2019-05-15 Apparatus And Method For Making Spunbond From Continuous Filaments
KR1020190058726A KR102280140B1 (ko) 2018-05-28 2019-05-20 연속적인 필라멘트들로 스펀본드식 부직포를 제조하기 위한 장치 및 방법
IL266792A IL266792B (en) 2018-05-28 2019-05-21 Device and method for making non-woven fabrics from continuous fibers
RU2019115890A RU2732563C1 (ru) 2018-05-28 2019-05-23 Способ и устройство для производства нетканых материалов из бесконечных элементарных нитей
CN201910431659.5A CN110541206B (zh) 2018-05-28 2019-05-23 用于由连续长丝制造纺粘型非织造织物的设备和方法
US16/420,253 US11066766B2 (en) 2018-05-28 2019-05-23 Manufacture of spunbond from continuous filaments
BR102019010819-3A BR102019010819B1 (pt) 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Aparelho e método para produção de não tecido feito por fiação contínua a partir de filamentos contínuos
UAA201905736A UA122106C2 (uk) 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Спосіб і пристрій для виробництва нетканих матеріалів з нескінченних елементарних ниток
CONC2019/0005491A CO2019005491A1 (es) 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Aparato y procedimiento para fabricar textiles unidos por hilatura a partir de filamentos continuos
PE2019001078A PE20191834A1 (es) 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Aparato y procedimiento para fabricar textiles unidos por hilatura a partir de filamentos continuos
ARP190101422A AR115429A1 (es) 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Aparato y procedimiento para fabricar textiles unidos por hilatura a partir de filamentos continuos
MX2019006145A MX2019006145A (es) 2018-05-28 2019-05-27 Aparato y procedimiento para fabricar textiles unidos por hilatura a partir de filamentos continuos.
JOP/2019/0120A JOP20190120B1 (ar) 2018-05-28 2019-05-28 جهاز وطريقة لصنع المواد المنسوجة من خيوط متواصلة
MA45967A MA45967B1 (fr) 2018-05-28 2019-05-28 Appareil et procédé pour la fabrication de file-lie par des filaments continus
CL2019001438A CL2019001438A1 (es) 2018-05-28 2019-05-28 Aparato y procedimiento para fabricar textiles unidos por hilatura a partir de filamentos continuos
US17/338,122 US11365498B2 (en) 2018-05-28 2021-06-03 Making spunbond from continuous filaments

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18174513.4A EP3575468B1 (fr) 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de tissus non-tissés à partir de filaments continus

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EP3575468B1 true EP3575468B1 (fr) 2020-08-19

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MX2019006145A (es) 2019-11-29
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JOP20190120B1 (ar) 2021-08-17
JP7168832B2 (ja) 2022-11-10
DK3575468T3 (da) 2020-11-02
KR102280140B1 (ko) 2021-07-20
JP2019206792A (ja) 2019-12-05
MY195026A (en) 2023-01-03
CN110541206A (zh) 2019-12-06
AU2019203030B2 (en) 2024-02-22
MA45967B1 (fr) 2021-02-26
BR102019010819A2 (pt) 2019-12-10
CO2019005491A1 (es) 2020-05-29
US20210292950A1 (en) 2021-09-23
TN2019000155A1 (en) 2020-10-05
US11066766B2 (en) 2021-07-20
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JOP20190120A1 (ar) 2019-11-28
RU2732563C1 (ru) 2020-09-21
EP3575468A1 (fr) 2019-12-04
UA122106C2 (uk) 2020-09-10
ES2831077T3 (es) 2021-06-07
AU2019203030A1 (en) 2019-12-12
SI3575468T1 (sl) 2020-12-31
MA45967A1 (fr) 2020-10-28
IL266792A (en) 2019-08-29
US11365498B2 (en) 2022-06-21
CA3041370A1 (fr) 2019-11-28
IL266792B (en) 2022-04-01
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