EP3549150B1 - Dispositif pour séparer un réseau de bord d'une source d'énergie - Google Patents

Dispositif pour séparer un réseau de bord d'une source d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3549150B1
EP3549150B1 EP17804912.8A EP17804912A EP3549150B1 EP 3549150 B1 EP3549150 B1 EP 3549150B1 EP 17804912 A EP17804912 A EP 17804912A EP 3549150 B1 EP3549150 B1 EP 3549150B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
disconnecting device
housing
relay
energy accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17804912.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3549150A1 (fr
Inventor
Sebastian UTZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innofas GmbH
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Innofas GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/27—Relays with armature having two stable magnetic states and operated by change from one state to the other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/226—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil for bistable relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2227—Polarised relays in which the movable part comprises at least one permanent magnet, sandwiched between pole-plates, each forming an active air-gap with parts of the stationary magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for disconnecting a direct voltage (on-board) network from an energy source or an energy store, and a method for disconnecting a voltage supply or an energy store from a direct voltage network.
  • a mechanical switch switching contact
  • a galvanic separation of the electrical device from the direct current source is established.
  • the disadvantage is that such mechanical switching contacts are worn out very quickly due to the arc that occurs when the contact is opened, or that additional effort is required to enclose and cool the arc, which is usually done by a corresponding mechanical switch with an arcing chamber.
  • a disconnection device with a mechanical switch which in the non-triggered state of the disconnection device is live.
  • Semiconductor electronics are connected in parallel to the mechanical switch and are connected to the mechanical switch in such a way that when the mechanical switch opens, the current flow through the isolating device is interrupted due to an arc forming in the area of the mechanical switch.
  • the DE 101 16 925 C1 a motor vehicle with a voltage network between an energy store and a generator with a rectifier, a safety-relevant control device connected to the voltage network both activating an auxiliary actuated actuator and supplying it with power, with the current flow between connections of the safety-relevant control device at one pole of the energy store and at one Corresponding output of the generator, an electrical battery isolator is arranged.
  • the control device is designed in such a way that it retains a residual voltage in order to actuate an electromotive actuator accordingly in an emergency driving program.
  • a known technical isolating device or a circuit breaker can switch DC loads up to 100 A if necessary. B. a number of e.g. 50,000 switching cycles can be achieved.
  • such known devices no longer show any effective switching behavior at currents of 500 A and more, since the device can only implement a single switching process, if at all.
  • the devices known from the prior art fail.
  • the device can be used universally and can therefore be used as a separate assembly at the desired vehicle position. This also necessitates the requirement that, depending on the installation position, a splash-proof and possibly shock-proof design is required.
  • the high-current switch should be designed to be bistable, ie it should also function in the currentless state.
  • the invention is based on the object of overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages in the prior art and of specifying a particularly suitable disconnection device for interrupting direct current in the high load range between a direct current source and an electrical device or load of 15kW.
  • a disconnection device is accordingly provided which is designed to repeatedly disconnect a load greater than 12 KW of a 12V or 48V direct voltage (on-board) network from an energy store, preferably an energy store of a motor vehicle, consisting of a base and an insulating housing, with the housing inside a special switching arrangement is provided which enables safe closing and, above all, disconnection of the load path.
  • the invention can also be used with other nominal voltages VDC and currents, as well as in applications outside a vehicle in which high direct current loads have to be switched.
  • the circuit is preferably designed compactly in a circumferentially closed housing and a first energy storage connection and a second energy storage connection protrude from the housing. Furthermore, a first electrical switching path S1 is between a bistable Relay and a first signal line protruding from the housing for connection to a mechanical actuator, such as a changeover switch or button.
  • a second electrical switching path S2 is also provided between the bistable relay and a second signal line protruding from the housing for connecting to an actuator, such as a mechanical changeover switch or a button, with a stable switching state of the bistable relay optionally via one or the other Switching path can be produced by actuating with the actuator, whereby at least two two-dimensional switching contact pairs of the relay are brought into a contacting position or simultaneously into a spaced apart position, i.e. the distance between the contact pairs is preferably the same in the separated position.
  • an actuator such as a mechanical changeover switch or a button
  • the switching contact pairs of the relay are designed as cylindrical, end-face flat contacts (similar to a tablet shape) with an essentially circular end contact surface.
  • the contacting or disconnection of the switching contact pairs takes place by changing the position of a symmetrically constructed switching rocker, which is connected to a permanently magnetic armature rocker.
  • An embodiment is particularly advantageous in which the load path has a course as follows: from a static contact of the relay initially to a mating contact (first contact pair) movable on the contact rocker via an essentially Z-shaped rocker arrangement to the second contact on the contact rocker to the static mating contact (second pair of contacts).
  • four contact pairs are provided, which consist of contacts preferably formed at symmetrically arranged positions on the contact rocker and the respective corresponding positions of the mating contact elements.
  • a protective device is provided in each of the first and second switching paths, which prevent bouncing and overload in the relay when the relay is switched.
  • the protective device comprises a debouncing device, preferably a low-pass filter or a hardware-based locking logic.
  • the respective protective device also has a semiconductor switching component, preferably a MOSFET, whose gate is connected to one of the signal lines and whose drain-source path is arranged in the respective switching path.
  • a semiconductor switching component preferably a MOSFET
  • the first energy storage connection is directly connected to at least one contact (preferably a static contact) of the switching contact pairs and / or the second energy storage connection is or are directly connected to another contact of the other switching contact pairs .
  • the two energy storage connections each protrude through the respective housing wall on diametrically opposite side walls of the housing (11) and are designed as essentially flat connection tongues with a connection opening, these being linear or around a bending point upwards at an angle of Bent away by approx. 90 ° protrude from the housing.
  • a line bushing is provided on a frontal housing wall which connects the two housing walls and through which the signal lines protrude.
  • the lines led out of the separating device are connected to a plug connector, so that simple assembly on site is possible without the need for field assembly.
  • the switching paths are connected to an a- or bistable toggle switch or a button by means of the signal lines. In this way, the load circuit can be safely separated from the location where the actuator is attached.
  • a control is also provided via which an operating state of the vehicle can be called up and the control prevents or allows separation by means of the separating device depending on the detected operating state.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to an on-board power supply with direct current loads of more than 12 KW, preferably in a motor vehicle, equipped with a separating device as described above, the separating device being connected to at least one energy storage device via its energy storage connections.
  • FIG. 1a to 1d several views of an embodiment of a separating device 1 according to the invention are shown.
  • the separating device 1 is used to separate (at least 15 times) a load greater than 12 KW with a switching current of up to 1500 A in a DC voltage network.
  • the separating device 1 consists of a base 10 and an insulating housing 11, which in the present case is circumferentially closed, wherein within the housing 11, the in Figure 2 Switching arrangement 20 shown is provided.
  • the housing 11 has a first side wall 11a and a diametrically opposite side wall 11b.
  • the separating device 1 further comprises the two energy storage connections 31, 41, each on the diametrically opposite side walls 11a, 11b of the housing 11 protrude through the respective housing wall.
  • the energy storage connections 31, 41 are designed as essentially flat connection tongues with a connection opening 31a, 41a in order to connect them to an energy storage.
  • a line bushing 12 is also provided on a frontal housing wall 11c that connects the two housing walls 11a, 11b and through which signal lines 32, 42 protrude.
  • the length of the signal lines 32, 42 can vary depending on requirements.
  • the circuit arrangement 20 comprises, on the one hand, a bistable relay 50.
  • a first electrical switching path S1 is provided between the bistable relay 50 and a first signal line 32 which protrudes from the housing 11 and is connected to a button 33 in this exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, a second electrical switching path S2 is provided between the bistable relay 50 and a second signal line 42 which protrudes from the housing 11 and is connected to the button 43.
  • a respectively stable switching state of the bistable relay 50 can then be produced optionally via one or the other switching path S1, S2 by pressing the respective button 33, 43, whereby at least two of the in the Figure 3 shown, two-dimensional switching contact pairs 55a, 55b and 56a, 56b of the relay 50 are each brought simultaneously into a contacting or spaced-apart position.
  • the protective devices 34, 44 include a low-pass filter 36, 46 and each a semiconductor switching component, preferably a MOSFET 37, 47, the gate G of which is connected to one of the signal lines 32, 42 and the drain-source path RDS in the respective switching path S1, S2 is arranged, which leads to the relay 50 in order to switch the relay 50 can.
  • a semiconductor switching component preferably a MOSFET 37, 47
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the bistable relay 50 of the circuit 20 from FIG Figure 2 shown.
  • the two pairs of switching contacts 55a, 55b and 56a, 56b of the relay 50 are designed as cylindrical contacts 55, 56 which are flat on the end face and have a substantially circular end contact surface 55c, 56c.
  • the contacting or disconnection of the switching contact pairs 55a, 55b and 56a, 56b is carried out by a switching pulse triggered by one of the buttons 33, 43 by changing the position of a symmetrically constructed switching rocker 54, which is connected to a permanent magnet armature rocker 58, which is dependent on the switching pulse of one of the buttons 33 , 43 changes to its open or closed position.
  • the first energy storage connection 31 is directly connected to the static contact of the two switching contact pairs 55a, 55b.
  • the second energy storage connection 41 is directly connected to the further static contact, namely the other pair of switching contacts 56a, 56b.
  • a controller 60 is also provided, via which an operating status (e.g. the status of the ignition, driving status and the like) of the vehicle can be called up and the controller 60 is dependent on the detected operating status e.g. B. vehicle is, a separation by means of the separating device 1 allows or z. B. Ignition on and vehicle in Driving operation, a separation by means of the separating device 1 is prevented.
  • an operating status e.g. the status of the ignition, driving status and the like

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif de séparation (1) réalisé pour la séparation multiple d'une charge supérieure à 12 KW d'un réseau de bord à tension continue d'un accumulateur d'énergie (2) d'un véhicule automobile composé d'une base (10) et d'un boîtier isolant (11), dans lequel un agencement de commutation (20) est prévu à l'intérieur du boîtier (11) et un premier raccord d'accumulateur d'énergie (31) et un deuxième raccord d'accumulateur d'énergie (41) font saillie du boîtier (11), dans lequel en outre un premier chemin de commutation électrique (S1) est prévu entre un relais bistable (50) et une première ligne de signal (32) dépassant du boîtier (11) pour la liaison à un interrupteur va-et-vient mécanique ou bouton-poussoir (33) et un deuxième chemin de commutation électrique (S2) est prévu entre le relais bistable (50) et une deuxième ligne de signal (42) dépassant du boîtier (11) pour la liaison à l'interrupteur va-et-vient mécanique ou à un bouton-poussoir (43), dans lequel en outre un état de commutation respectivement stable du relais bistable (50) peut être établi au choix par le biais de l'un ou l'autre chemin de commutation (S1, S2) par actionnement d'un interrupteur ou bouton-poussoir (33) ce par quoi au moins deux paires de contacts de commutation (55a, 55b et 56a, 56b) réalisées à plat du relais (50) sont amenées respectivement en même temps dans une position de contact ou espacée l'une de l'autre.
  2. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les paires de contacts de commutation (55a, 55b et 56a, 56b) du relais (50) sont réalisées en tant que contacts (55, 56) cylindriques, plats côté frontal avec une surface de contact frontale (55c, 56c) sensiblement circulaire.
  3. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la mise en contact ou la séparation des paires de contacts de commutation (55a, 55b et 56a, 56b) se fait par changement de position d'une bascule de commutation (54) à structure symétrique, qui est reliée à une bascule d'ancrage (58) à aimant permanent.
  4. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que respectivement un dispositif de protection (34, 44), lequel empêche un rebond et une surcharge dans le relais (50) lors de la commutation du relais, est prévu dans le premier et deuxième chemin de commutation (S1, S2).
  5. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de protection (34, 44) comprend un dispositif anti-rebond, de préférence un filtre passe-bas ou une logique de verrouillage côté logiciel.
  6. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de protection (34, 44) respectif présente en outre respectivement un composant semi-conducteur, de préférence un MOSFET, dont la passerelle (G) est reliée à respectivement une des lignes de signal (32, 42) et sa distance drain-source (RDS) est agencée dans le chemin de commutation (S1, S2) respectif.
  7. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier raccord d'accumulateur d'énergie (31) est relié directement à un contact des deux paires de contacts de commutation (55a, 55b et 56a, 56b) et/ou le deuxième raccord d'accumulateur d'énergie (41) est relié directement à un contact de l'autre paire de contacts de commutation (55a, 55b et 56a, 56b).
  8. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux raccords d'accumulateur d'énergie (31, 41) passent respectivement au niveau de parois latérales (11a, 11b) diamétralement opposées du boîtier (11) à travers la paroi de boîtier (11a, 11b) respective et sont réalisés en tant que languettes de raccordement sensiblement plates avec une ouverture de raccord (31a, 41a).
  9. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans le boîtier (11) du dispositif de séparation, un passage de ligne (12) présente au niveau d'une paroi de boîtier (11c) frontale reliant les deux parois de boîtier (11a, 11b), à travers laquelle passent les lignes de signal (32, 42).
  10. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les chemins de commutation (S1, S2) sont reliés au moyen des lignes de signal (32, 42) à un commutateur à bascule astable ou bistable ou à un bouton-poussoir (33).
  11. Dispositif de séparation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en outre une commande (60) est prévue, par le biais de laquelle un état de fonctionnement du véhicule peut être appelé et la commande (60) empêche ou autorise en fonction de l'état de fonctionnement détecté une séparation au moyen du dispositif de séparation (1).
  12. Réseau de bord de puissance avec charges de courant continu supérieures à 12 KW, de préférence dans un véhicule automobile, équipé d'un dispositif de séparation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 11, dans lequel le dispositif de séparation (1) est relié à au moins un accumulateur d'énergie (2) par le biais de ses raccords d'accumulateur d'énergie (31, 41).
EP17804912.8A 2016-12-01 2017-11-29 Dispositif pour séparer un réseau de bord d'une source d'énergie Active EP3549150B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016123283.1A DE102016123283A1 (de) 2016-12-01 2016-12-01 Vorrichtung zum Trennen eines Bordnetzes von einer Energiequelle
PCT/EP2017/080804 WO2018099961A1 (fr) 2016-12-01 2017-11-29 Dispositif pour séparer un réseau de bord d'une source d'énergie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3549150A1 EP3549150A1 (fr) 2019-10-09
EP3549150B1 true EP3549150B1 (fr) 2020-09-16

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EP17804912.8A Active EP3549150B1 (fr) 2016-12-01 2017-11-29 Dispositif pour séparer un réseau de bord d'une source d'énergie

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EP (1) EP3549150B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016123283A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018099961A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5994987A (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-30 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Contact mechanism for electronic overload relays
DE10101353A1 (de) * 2001-01-13 2002-07-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben eines bistabilen Schaltelements
DE10116925C1 (de) 2001-04-05 2003-01-30 Daimler Chrysler Ag Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Spannungsnetz
DE202009004198U1 (de) 2009-03-25 2010-08-12 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Trennschalter zur galvanischen Gleichstromunterbrechung
DE102011118418B4 (de) * 2011-11-12 2015-07-16 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schaltsystem
WO2014023326A1 (fr) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contacteur avec verrou de commutation électromagnétique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Publication number Publication date
EP3549150A1 (fr) 2019-10-09
DE102016123283A1 (de) 2018-06-07
WO2018099961A1 (fr) 2018-06-07

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