EP3530780A1 - Device for separating out impurities - Google Patents
Device for separating out impurities Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3530780A1 EP3530780A1 EP19156319.6A EP19156319A EP3530780A1 EP 3530780 A1 EP3530780 A1 EP 3530780A1 EP 19156319 A EP19156319 A EP 19156319A EP 3530780 A1 EP3530780 A1 EP 3530780A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- separating element
- guide
- membrane
- roller
- suction tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000123589 Dipsacus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001071861 Lethrinus genivittatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021189 garnishes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/02—Carding machines
- D01G15/12—Details
- D01G15/34—Grids; Dirt knives; Angle blades
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/02—Carding machines
- D01G15/74—Air draught arrangements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/76—Stripping or cleaning carding surfaces; Maintaining cleanliness of carding area
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/76—Stripping or cleaning carding surfaces; Maintaining cleanliness of carding area
- D01G15/82—Arrangements for confining or removing dust, fly or the like
- D01G15/825—Arrangements for confining or removing dust, fly or the like by suction or blowing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for the removal of impurities from a fiber material in a carding machine or a cleaner with a garnished roller, with a separating element and with a suction tube.
- the carding machine produces a card sliver from fed-in fiber material, which is subsequently processed into a yarn.
- a card is usually associated with a hopper which is supplied by a conveyor system with fibers from a blowroom.
- the fibers are cleaned by the card and parallelized.
- the fibers are fed from a feed device via a licker-in to a carding drum.
- the licker-in frees the fiber material from impurities in large parts.
- Licker-openers are used in the form of individual licker-in licker-in rollers but also in the form of licker-in modules which contain a plurality of licker-in lickerins.
- the task of the licker-in is to subject the fiber to coarse cleaning and to feed it into the carding drum in as fine a resolution as possible.
- the garnished surfaces of the Vorreisserwalzen opposite separating elements are arranged.
- the cleaned and parallelized fibers are removed by a pickup in the form of a nonwoven fabric and fed to a band forming unit.
- the decrease of the fiber web takes place with a so-called doffer roll.
- baffles are provided in Spickel between the doffer roller and the card drum.
- the fiber fleece extends over the entire working width of the card.
- the nonwoven fabric is brought together into a card sliver.
- the function of cleaning of fiber material through separation elements is also found in cleaners, which may be upstream as part of a blowroom a card.
- the CH 696 495 A5 discloses a carrier with a selector blade which is associated with a garnished roller and is displaceable parallel to the circumference of the roller.
- the Ausscheidemesser is associated with a suction chamber mounted on the carrier.
- the suction chamber in turn is connected to a guide element which directs the excreted impurities into the suction chamber.
- a disadvantage of the disclosed device is that the suction chamber is also changed in an adjustment of the Ausscheidemessers in their position.
- an additional guide element is required, which cooperates with a position change of the suction in such a way with a counterpart that the deflection of the impurities does not change. Also, due to the variable position of the suction chamber, a flexible connection of the suction chamber to an exhaust air system must be provided.
- Object of the present invention is thus to provide a device for the separation of impurities from a fiber material, which allows an adjustment of the separating element without changing the position of an associated suction.
- a device for the removal of impurities from a fiber material in a carding machine or a cleaner having a garnished surface having a roller, with a counter element and with a suction tube, wherein a formed by the separating element and the counter element Ausscheidespalt is provided.
- a first guide starting from the separating element, and a second guide opposite the first guide, starting from the counter element, are provided.
- the first guide is designed as an elastic membrane and the second guide and the suction tube are arranged stationary.
- the separation element is arranged in the direction of rotation of the roller after the counter element.
- the impurities are removed by the separating element from the fiber material located on the roller and pass through the guides in the suction tube.
- the suction pipe is connected to a central extraction system of the machine. Due to the fact that the guide from the separating element to the suction tube is designed as a membrane, a fluidically ideally curved inlet into the suction tube results, in which case installation tolerances of the suction tube are compensated over the working width of the machine. Due to the fixed arrangement of the second guide and the suction tube a constant suction speed is ensured even with adjustment of the separation element.
- the roller as well as the counter element extend over the entire working width of the machine. Accordingly, the separation element is guided along with the suction tube and the guides located therebetween over the entire working width.
- Common working widths of cleaning machines and cards are up to 1.5 m or more. Over the working width, the air is sucked out of the suction tube at the end.
- the shape of the membrane results in a spiral air flow. This can be supported by a corresponding structure on the surface of the guide or the membrane. Also, in the case of wide machines with a working width of 1.5 m or more, a double-sided extraction of the exhaust air pipes is conceivable.
- air may be blown into the suction tube on one side of the machine to assist the suction on the opposite side of the machine.
- the membrane is attached to the suction tube.
- the membrane By attaching the membrane a perfect transition from the guide is ensured in the suction tube. Further, it is advantageous if the membrane is clamped between the separating element and the suction tube.
- the diaphragm is installed with a specific preload and adapts itself automatically to the geometric conditions. It is a safe contact between the separating element and the suction tube produced by the guide in the form of a membrane and maintained during operation.
- the membrane is frictionally brought to a sliding surface of the separation element for conditioning.
- a one-sided fixation of the membrane is an independent compensation of the geometric conditions through the membrane even possible.
- the end of the membrane is thereby slidably mounted on the separating element on a surface provided therefor. Due to the elastic bias of the membrane results at any time a compound of the membrane with the separating element without the use of a seal is necessary.
- the membrane is advantageously made of a spring steel or an elastic plastic.
- a thickness of the membrane is determined depending on the elastic properties of the selected material. For example, in a production of the membrane made of chromium steel, a sheet thickness of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm.
- a false air gap is provided between the second guide and the suction tube.
- the flow of the canceled by the suction pipe air can be influenced. Accordingly, adjust the pressure at the Ausscheidespalt.
- By means of a corresponding false air gap it is achieved that no negative pressure arises in the separating element.
- a negative pressure in the separating element would lead to an increased excretion of good fibers.
- the counter element can be achieved by the sucked false air and a cleaning effect of the counter element.
- the separation element has a knife.
- the knife By the knife, the impurities located in the periphery due to the centrifugal forces are peeled off by the fiber material and brought into the suction tube through the separating gap.
- the roller is a licker-in roller. Licker-in rollers are used in cards and serve for the rough cleaning of the fiber material before it is fed to a carding drum.
- the separating element is held on a machine frame, wherein adjusting devices are provided for the radial and / or tangential adjustment of the separating element to the surface of the roller.
- adjusting devices are provided for the radial and / or tangential adjustment of the separating element to the surface of the roller.
- an elastic deformation of the membrane is provided, whereby the frictional connection between the separating element and the membrane is maintained upon adjustment of the separating element.
- the separation element is adjusted in position, the distance between the separation element and the suction tube changes due to the stationary support of the suction tube. This change is now compensated by the elasticity of the membrane.
- the membrane changes its geometry and the position of the support on the sliding surface of the separation element, it remains as a guide abutting the separation element for the removal of impurities.
- the proposed construction neither tracking the suction tube nor the guide between the suction tube and the separation element is necessary.
- the tangential adjustment of the separating element is provided with a toothed rod attached to the separating element.
- the rack is arranged arcuately, wherein the sheet is arranged concentrically to the garnished surface of the roller.
- the adjustment for the radial and / or tangential adjustment of the separation element may be provided with an actuator. This makes it possible to obtain an automatic adjustment of the separation element in an existing sensor for the measurement of the deposited impurities. Even with a batch change from one raw material to the next an automatic adjustment of the separation element is possible.
- a card is proposed with a device as described above for the separation of impurities from a fiber stream.
- baffles are provided to support the decrease of the nonwoven fabric from the card drum through the doffer roller.
- a baffle associated with the carding drum protrude along a surface of the carding drum and a baffle plate associated with the doffer roll along a surface of the doffer roll into the bobbin. Both baffles are each displaceable tangentially to their assigned surface.
- Another adjustment is provided for the baffle of the card drum. This can be rotated via a pivot point in its angle of attack relative to the surface of the card drum. This angle of attack can be advantageously adjusted in a range of 0 to 5 degrees.
- the two baffles each have at their directed against the direction of rotation of the doffer roller respectively the card drum end a tongue which points into the gusset.
- Each of the surface of the doffer roller and the card drum side facing the tongue has a tongue angle.
- the surface of the tongue which faces the surface of the roller moves away from the respective surface at a tongue angle.
- the tongue of the baffle for the card drum and the tongue of the baffle of the doffer roll advantageously have a tongue angle of 5 to 20 degrees.
- FIG. 1 shows a carding machine 1 equipped with a hopper 2, a hopper discharge 3 and a feed channel 5.
- fiber flakes 4 reach after they the various Process stages have a blowroom in the hopper 2.
- the fiber flakes 4 are passed through the Greverachtaustrag 3 to the feed channel 5.
- the fiber flakes 4 are subsequently compressed at the end of the feed channel 5 into a fiber material 6 in the form of a wadding master for the subsequent feed device 7.
- the feed device 7 feeds the fiber material 6 to a licker-in module of the carding machine 1.
- the licker-in module consists, for example, of a first licker-in 9, a second licker-in 10 and a third licker-in 11.
- licker-in modules with only one licker-in are also known.
- the fiber material 6 delivered by the feed device 7 is further opened by the licker-in elements 9, 10, 11 contained in the licker-in module and at the same time freed from a portion of the impurities contained therein.
- the licker-in elements 9, 10, 11 are provided with separation elements 8.
- the last licker-in roller 11 of the licker-in module finally transfers the fiber material 6 to the carding drum 12, which completely dissolves and parallelizes the fibers.
- the carding drum 12 cooperates with the cover unit 13.
- the acceptance unit 14 comprises a doffer roller 34 which takes over the non-woven fabric 38 from the card drum 12.
- the acceptance unit 14 comprises a doffer roller 34 which takes over the non-woven fabric 38 from the card drum 12.
- baffles 35 are provided in the gusset between the card drum 12 and the doffer roller.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of a first embodiment of an apparatus for the removal of impurities from a fiber material 6.
- the apparatus comprises a roller 17 with a garnished surface 18 and a rotational direction 19. By the garnished surface 19, fiber material is transported.
- the roller 17 respectively the surface 18 opposite to a separating element 20 and a counter-element 21 are arranged.
- the counter element 21 is shown by way of example as another roller. In an embodiment in which the roller 17 by a licker-pull 9, 10, 11 ( FIG. 1 ), the counter element 21 would correspond to a feed roller.
- the separating element 20 is formed with a knife 26. In this case, the knife 26 is directed against the surface 18 of the roller 17 and against the direction of movement of the roller surface.
- the impurities brought out by the peripheral speed of the roller 17 to the surface of the fiber material transported on the garnished surface 18 of the roller 17 are peeled off.
- the counter element 21 and the knife 26 of the separating element 20 are arranged tangentially on the surface 18 of the roller 17 such that between the counter element 21 and the separating element 20, a separation gap 25 is formed.
- the knife 26 the impurities are brought over the knife surface in the direction of a suction tube 22.
- the impurities are thereby guided from the separation gap 25 to the suction tube 22 with a first guide 23 and one of the first guide 23 opposite the second guide 24 to a suction tube.
- the stationary mounted suction pipe 22 is kept under a slight negative pressure and absorbs the impurities.
- the first guide 23 is designed as a membrane and ensures the guidance of the contaminants from the separation element 20 to the suction pipe 22. In this case, this membrane 23, starting from the separating element 20, is brought tangentially to the suction tube 22. At the suction tube 22, the membrane 23 is mounted in a corresponding holder 31 and thus held stationary.
- the second guide 24 is designed such that a false air gap 29 is formed between the suction tube 22 and the guide 24.
- the separating element 20 is provided with an adjusting device. This allows an adjustment of the separating slot 25 by a tangential movement of the blade 26 along the surface 18 of the roller 17.
- a bent rack 27 mounted on the separating element 20 is shown by way of example.
- the separating element 20 is moved with a tangential to the surface 18 of the roller 17 movement 33 and the Ausscheidespalt 25 correspondingly increased or decreased.
- the separating element 20 is provided with a sliding surface 32, on which the membrane 23 is guided during the movement 33 of the separating element 20.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section of a second embodiment of an apparatus for the removal of impurities from a fiber material 6.
- the embodiment of the device shown differs from the embodiment according to the FIG. 2 in that the counter element 21 is provided as a stationary and rigid element All other elements of the FIG. 3 embodiment shown correspond to the elements as in FIG. 2 described. Also the functions of the individual elements are the description of the FIG. 2 refer to.
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged schematic partial view of an embodiment of the transfer area between the carding drum 12 and the Dofferwalze 34.
- the surfaces of the card drum 12 and the Dofferwalze 34th at a transfer point 43 for a non-woven fabric 38, the same direction of movement.
- the nonwoven fabric 38 located on the card drum 12 is detached from the card drum 12 at the transfer point 43 by the doffer roller 34.
- the transfer of the fibrous web 38 is supported in the gusset between the card drum 12 and the doffer roller 34 by baffles 35, 37.
- the guide plate 37 of the doffer roller 34 has an integrally formed on the surface of the doffer roller 34 arcuate guide surface 41. Directed against the transfer point 43, this guide surface 41 is directed away from the doffer roller 34 at a tongue angle ⁇ and forms with the opposite surface of the guide plate 37 a tongue projecting into the gusset. As a result, shrinkage of the fibrous web 38 under the baffle 37 is ensured.
- the baffle 35 of the card drum 12 has an integrally formed on the surface of the card drum 12 arcuate guide surface 42. Directed against the transfer point 43, this guide surface 42 is directed away from the card drum 12 at a tongue angle ⁇ and also forms, with the opposite surface of the guide plate 35, a tongue projecting into the gusset.
- the guide plate 35 of the carding drum 12 is arranged at an angle of attack ⁇ relative to the surface of the carding drum 12. This results in a narrowing in the direction of rotation 39 of the card pulley 12 gap between the surface of the card drum and the guide surface 42 of the baffle 35.
- the baffle plate 35 is mounted in a pivot point 36 and rotatable about this.
- the baffles 35 and 37 are each tangentially (shown by arrows) to the surfaces of the doffer roller 34 and the card drum 12 made movable. This allows an exact adjustment of the air flows in the area of the transfer point.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen aus einem Fasergut (6) in einer Karde (1) oder einem Reiniger mit einer eine garnierte Oberfläche (18) aufweisenden Walze (17), mit einem Ausscheideelement (20), mit einem Gegenelement (21) und mit einem Absaugrohr (22), wobei ein durch das Ausscheideelement (20) und das Gegenelement (21) gebildeter Ausscheidespalt (25) vorgesehen ist. Zur Überführung der Verunreinigungen vom Ausscheidespalt (25) zum Absaugrohr (22) sind eine erste Führung (23) ausgehend vom Ausscheideelement (20) und eine der ersten Führung (23) gegenüberliegende zweite Führung (24) ausgehend vom Gegenelement (21) vorgesehen. Die erste Führung (23) ist als elastische Membrane ausgebildet und die zweite Führung (24) und das Absaugrohr (22) sind ortsfest angeordnet.The present invention relates to a device for removing impurities from a fiber material (6) in a carding machine (1) or a cleaner with a roller (17) having a garnished surface (18), with a separating element (20), with a counter element ( 21) and with a suction tube (22), wherein a by the separating element (20) and the counter-element (21) formed Ausscheidespalt (25) is provided. To transfer the contaminants from the separating gap (25) to the suction tube (22), a first guide (23), starting from the separating element (20) and one of the first guide (23) opposite second guide (24) starting from the counter element (21) are provided. The first guide (23) is designed as an elastic membrane and the second guide (24) and the suction tube (22) are arranged stationary.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen aus einem Fasergut in einer Karde oder einem Reiniger mit einer garnierten Walze, mit einem Ausscheideelement und mit einem Absaugrohr.The present invention relates to an apparatus for the removal of impurities from a fiber material in a carding machine or a cleaner with a garnished roller, with a separating element and with a suction tube.
Die Karde produziert aus eingespeistem Fasergut ein Kardenband, welches in der Folge zu einem Garn weiter verarbeitet wird. Dabei ist einer Karde in der Regel ein Füllschacht zugeordnet welcher durch ein Fördersystem mit Fasern aus einer Putzerei versorgt wird. Die Fasern werden durch die Karde gereinigt und parallelisiert. Dazu werden die Fasern von einer Speisevorrichtung über einen Vorreisser zu einer eine Kardentrommel geführt. Durch den Vorreisser wird das Fasergut in grossen Teilen von Verunreinigungen befreit. Vorreisser werden in Form von einzelnen mit einer Garnitur versehenen Vorreisserwalzen aber auch in Form von Vorreissermodulen welche mehrere garnierte Vorreisserwalzen enthalten eingesetzt. Die Aufgabe der Vorreisser besteht darin, das Fasergut einer Grobreinigung zu unterziehen und in möglichst feiner Auflösung der Kardentrommel zuzuführen. Zu diesem Zweck sind unter anderem den garnierten Oberflächen der Vorreisserwalzen gegenüberliegende Ausscheideelemente angeordnet. Von der Kardentrommel werden die gereinigten und parallelisierten Fasern durch einen Abnehmer in Form eines Faservlieses abgenommen und einer Bandbildungseinheit zugeführt. Die Abnahme des Faservlieses erfolgt dabei mit einer sogenannten Dofferwalze. Um den Übergang des Faservlieses von einer Trommelgarnitur zu einer Doffergarnitur zu verbessern sind im Spickel zwischen der Dofferwalze und der Kardentrommel Leitbleche vorgesehen. Das Faservlies erstreckt sich über die gesamte Arbeitsbreite der Karde. In der Bandbildungseinheit wird das Faservlies zu einem Kardenband zusammengeführt. Die Funktion der Reinigung von Fasergut durch Ausscheideelemente ist auch in Reinigern zu finden, welche als Teil einer Putzerei einer Karde vorgeschaltet sein können.The carding machine produces a card sliver from fed-in fiber material, which is subsequently processed into a yarn. In this case, a card is usually associated with a hopper which is supplied by a conveyor system with fibers from a blowroom. The fibers are cleaned by the card and parallelized. For this purpose, the fibers are fed from a feed device via a licker-in to a carding drum. The licker-in frees the fiber material from impurities in large parts. Licker-openers are used in the form of individual licker-in licker-in rollers but also in the form of licker-in modules which contain a plurality of licker-in lickerins. The task of the licker-in is to subject the fiber to coarse cleaning and to feed it into the carding drum in as fine a resolution as possible. For this purpose, inter alia, the garnished surfaces of the Vorreisserwalzen opposite separating elements are arranged. From the carding drum, the cleaned and parallelized fibers are removed by a pickup in the form of a nonwoven fabric and fed to a band forming unit. The decrease of the fiber web takes place with a so-called doffer roll. In order to improve the transition of the nonwoven fabric from a drum set to a doffer garnish baffles are provided in Spickel between the doffer roller and the card drum. The fiber fleece extends over the entire working width of the card. In the band forming unit, the nonwoven fabric is brought together into a card sliver. The function of cleaning of fiber material through separation elements is also found in cleaners, which may be upstream as part of a blowroom a card.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist beispielsweise eine Vorrichtung zur Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen aus einem Fasergut in einer Karde oder einem Reiniger nach der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit, eine Vorrichtung zur Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen aus einem Fasergut zu schaffen, welche eine Verstellung des Ausscheideelements ermöglicht ohne Positionsänderung einer zugeordneten Absaugung.Object of the present invention is thus to provide a device for the separation of impurities from a fiber material, which allows an adjustment of the separating element without changing the position of an associated suction.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung und eine Karde mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche.The object is achieved by a device and a card with the features of the independent claims.
Vorgeschlagen wird eine Vorrichtung zur Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen aus einem Fasergut in einer Karde oder einem Reiniger mit einer eine garnierte Oberfläche aufweisenden Walze, mit einem Ausscheideelement, mit einem Gegenelement und mit einem Absaugrohr, wobei ein durch das Ausscheideelement und das Gegenelement gebildeter Ausscheidespalt vorgesehen ist. Zur Überführung der Verunreinigungen vom Ausscheidespalt zum Absaugrohr sind eine erste Führung, ausgehend vom Ausscheideelement, und eine der ersten Führung gegenüberliegende zweite Führung, ausgehend vom Gegenelement, vorgesehen. Die erste Führung ist als elastische Membrane ausgebildet und die zweite Führung und das Absaugrohr sind ortsfest angeordnet. Das Ausscheideelement ist in Drehrichtung der Walze gesehen nach dem Gegenelement angeordnet. Die Verunreinigungen werden durch das Ausscheideelement aus dem sich auf der Walze befindlichen Fasergut herausgelöst und gelangen über die Führungen in das Absaugrohr. Das Absaugrohr ist an ein zentrales Absaugsystem der Maschine angeschlossen. Dadurch, dass die Führung vom Ausscheideelement zum Absaugrohr als Membrane ausgebildet ist, ergibt sich ein strömungstechnisch ideal geschwungener Einlauf in das Absaugrohr, dabei werden Einbautoleranzen des Absaugrohres über die Arbeitsbreite der Maschine ausgeglichen. Durch die ortsfeste Anordnung der zweiten Führung und des Absaugrohres wird eine konstante Absauggeschwindigkeit auch bei Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes gewährleistet. Die Walze wie auch das Gegenelement erstrecken sich über die gesamte Arbeitsbreite der Maschine. Entsprechend ist auch das Ausscheideelement zusammen mit dem Absaugrohr und den dazwischen liegenden Führungen über die gesamte Arbeitsbreite geführt. Gängige Arbeitsbreiten von Reinigungsmaschinen und Karden betragen bis zu 1,5 m oder mehr. Über die Arbeitsbreite wird die Luft aus dem Absaugrohr an dessen Ende abgesaugt. Durch die Ausformung der Membrane ergibt sich eine spiralförmige Luftströmung. Diese kann durch eine entsprechende Struktur auf der Oberfläche der Führung respektive der Membrane unterstützt werden. Auch ist bei breiten Maschinen mit einer Arbeitsbreite von 1,5 m oder mehr eine beidseitige Absaugung der Abluftrohre denkbar. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann auf der einen Seite der Maschine Luft in das Absaugrohr eingeblasen werden um die Absaugung auf der gegenüberliegenden Maschinenseite zu unterstützen.A device is proposed for the removal of impurities from a fiber material in a carding machine or a cleaner having a garnished surface having a roller, with a counter element and with a suction tube, wherein a formed by the separating element and the counter element Ausscheidespalt is provided. To transfer the impurities from the separating gap to the suction tube, a first guide, starting from the separating element, and a second guide opposite the first guide, starting from the counter element, are provided. The first guide is designed as an elastic membrane and the second guide and the suction tube are arranged stationary. The separation element is arranged in the direction of rotation of the roller after the counter element. The impurities are removed by the separating element from the fiber material located on the roller and pass through the guides in the suction tube. The suction pipe is connected to a central extraction system of the machine. Due to the fact that the guide from the separating element to the suction tube is designed as a membrane, a fluidically ideally curved inlet into the suction tube results, in which case installation tolerances of the suction tube are compensated over the working width of the machine. Due to the fixed arrangement of the second guide and the suction tube a constant suction speed is ensured even with adjustment of the separation element. The roller as well as the counter element extend over the entire working width of the machine. Accordingly, the separation element is guided along with the suction tube and the guides located therebetween over the entire working width. Common working widths of cleaning machines and cards are up to 1.5 m or more. Over the working width, the air is sucked out of the suction tube at the end. The shape of the membrane results in a spiral air flow. This can be supported by a corresponding structure on the surface of the guide or the membrane. Also, in the case of wide machines with a working width of 1.5 m or more, a double-sided extraction of the exhaust air pipes is conceivable. In an alternative embodiment, air may be blown into the suction tube on one side of the machine to assist the suction on the opposite side of the machine.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Membrane am Absaugrohr befestigt. Durch die Befestigung der Membrane wird ein einwandfreier Übergang von der Führung in das Absaugrohr sichergestellt. Weiter ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Membrane zwischen dem Ausscheideelement und dem Absaugrohr eingespannt ist. Dadurch wird die Membrane mit einer bestimmten Vorspannung eingebaut und passt sich so selbständig den geometrischen Verhältnissen an. Es wird ein sicherer Kontakt zwischen dem Ausscheideelement und dem Absaugrohr durch die Führung in Form einer Membrane hergestellt und auch im Betrieb aufrechterhalten.Advantageously, the membrane is attached to the suction tube. By attaching the membrane a perfect transition from the guide is ensured in the suction tube. Further, it is advantageous if the membrane is clamped between the separating element and the suction tube. As a result, the diaphragm is installed with a specific preload and adapts itself automatically to the geometric conditions. It is a safe contact between the separating element and the suction tube produced by the guide in the form of a membrane and maintained during operation.
Bevorzugterweise ist die Membrane kraftschlüssig an einer Gleitfläche des Ausscheideelements zur Anlage gebracht ist. Durch eine einseitige Fixierung der Membrane ist ein selbständiger Ausgleich der geometrischen Gegebenheiten durch die Membrane selbst möglich. Das Ende der Membrane ist dadurch auf dem Ausscheideelement auf einer dafür vorgesehenen Fläche gleitend gelagert. Durch die elastische Vorspannung der Membrane ergibt sich jederzeit eine Verbindung der Membrane mit dem Ausscheideelement ohne dass ein Einsatz einer Dichtung notwendig ist. Dabei ist die Membrane vorteilhafterweise aus einem Federstahl oder einem elastischen Kunststoff gefertigt. Eine Stärke der Membrane ist dabei abhängig von den elastischen Eigenschaften des gewählten Materials festzulegen. Beispielsweise eignet sich bei einer Fertigung der Membrane aus Chrom-Stahl eine Blechstärke von 0,1 mm bis 1,0 mm, vorzugsweise 0,3 mm.Preferably, the membrane is frictionally brought to a sliding surface of the separation element for conditioning. By a one-sided fixation of the membrane is an independent compensation of the geometric conditions through the membrane even possible. The end of the membrane is thereby slidably mounted on the separating element on a surface provided therefor. Due to the elastic bias of the membrane results at any time a compound of the membrane with the separating element without the use of a seal is necessary. The membrane is advantageously made of a spring steel or an elastic plastic. A thickness of the membrane is determined depending on the elastic properties of the selected material. For example, in a production of the membrane made of chromium steel, a sheet thickness of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm.
Weiter ist es von Vorteil, wenn zwischen der zweiten Führung und dem Absaugrohr ein Falschluftspalt vorgesehen ist. Durch einen Falschluftspalt kann die Strömung der durch das Absaugrohr abgesagten Luft beeinflusst werden. Entsprechend stellen sich am Ausscheidespalt die Druckverhältnisse ein. Durch einen entsprechenden Falschluftspalt wird erreicht, dass im Ausscheideelement kein Unterdruck entsteht. Ein Unterdruck im Ausscheideelement würde zu einer erhöhten Ausscheidung von Gutfasern führen. Je nach Beschaffenheit und Typ des Gegenelementes kann durch die angesaugte Falschluft auch ein Reinigungseffekt des Gegenelementes erreicht werden.Further, it is advantageous if a false air gap is provided between the second guide and the suction tube. By a false air gap, the flow of the canceled by the suction pipe air can be influenced. Accordingly, adjust the pressure at the Ausscheidespalt. By means of a corresponding false air gap, it is achieved that no negative pressure arises in the separating element. A negative pressure in the separating element would lead to an increased excretion of good fibers. Depending on the nature and type of the counter element can be achieved by the sucked false air and a cleaning effect of the counter element.
Bevorzugterweise weist das Ausscheideelement ein Messer auf. Durch das Messer werden die sich aufgrund der Zentrifugalkräfte in der Peripherie befindenden Verunreinigungen vom Fasergut abgeschält und durch den Ausscheidespalt in das Absaugrohr gebracht. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist die Walze eine Vorreisserwalze. Vorreisserwalzen finden in Karden Anwendung und dienen der Grobreinigung des Fasergutes bevor dieses einer Kardentrommel zugeführt wird.Preferably, the separation element has a knife. By the knife, the impurities located in the periphery due to the centrifugal forces are peeled off by the fiber material and brought into the suction tube through the separating gap. In an advantageous embodiment, the roller is a licker-in roller. Licker-in rollers are used in cards and serve for the rough cleaning of the fiber material before it is fed to a carding drum.
Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Ausscheideelement an einem Maschinengestell gehalten ist, wobei Einstellvorrichtungen vorgesehen sind zur radialen und / oder tangentialen Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes zur Oberfläche der Walze. Durch eine radiale Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes wird die Distanz zur garnierten Oberfläche der Walze vergrössert oder verringert wodurch mehr oder weniger Verunreinigungen aus dem um die Walze umlaufenden Fasergut entfernt wird. Durch eine radiale Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes wird der Ausscheidespalt zwischen dem Ausscheideelement und dem Gegenelement vergrössert oder verringert ohne den Abstand zur Oberfläche der Walze zu verändern. Eine Vergrösserung des Ausscheidespaltes hat ebenfalls eine Erhöhung der Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen zur Folge.It is further proposed that the separating element is held on a machine frame, wherein adjusting devices are provided for the radial and / or tangential adjustment of the separating element to the surface of the roller. By a radial adjustment of the separating element, the distance to the garnished surface of the roller is increased or reduced, whereby more or less impurities from the circulating around the roller fiber material is removed. By a radial Adjusting the separating element, the separating gap between the separating element and the counter element is increased or reduced without changing the distance to the surface of the roller. An enlargement of the separation gap also results in an increase in the removal of impurities.
Vorteilhafterweise ist eine elastische Verformung der Membrane vorgesehen, wodurch bei Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes die kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Ausscheideelement und der Membrane aufrechterhalten ist. Wenn das Ausscheideelement in seiner Position verstellt wird, ändert sich aufgrund der ortsfesten Halterung des Absaugrohres auch die Distanz zwischen dem Ausscheideelement und dem Absaugroh. Diese Änderung wird nun durch die Elastizität der Membrane ausgeglichen. Die Membrane ändert zwar ihre Geometrie und die Position der Auflage auf der Gleitfläche des Ausscheideelementes, bleibt jedoch als am Ausscheideelement anliegende Führung für den Abtransport der Verunreinigungen erhalten. Durch die vorgeschlagene Konstruktion ist weder ein Nachführen des Absaugrohres noch der Führung zwischen dem Absaugrohr und dem Ausscheideelement notwendig.Advantageously, an elastic deformation of the membrane is provided, whereby the frictional connection between the separating element and the membrane is maintained upon adjustment of the separating element. When the separation element is adjusted in position, the distance between the separation element and the suction tube changes due to the stationary support of the suction tube. This change is now compensated by the elasticity of the membrane. Although the membrane changes its geometry and the position of the support on the sliding surface of the separation element, it remains as a guide abutting the separation element for the removal of impurities. The proposed construction neither tracking the suction tube nor the guide between the suction tube and the separation element is necessary.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die tangentiale Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes mit einer am Ausscheideelement angebrachten Zahnstange vorgesehen. Die Zahnstange ist dabei bogenförmig angeordnet, wobei der Bogen konzentrisch zur garnierten Oberfläche der Walze angeordnet ist. Zur Automatisierung der Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes kann die Einstellvorrichtung für die radiale und / oder tangentiale Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes mit einem Aktor versehen sein. Dadurch wird es möglich bei einer vorhanden Sensorik für die Messung der abgeschiedenen Verunreinigungen eine automatische Verstellung des Ausscheideelementes zu erwirken. Auch bei einem Partiewechsel von einem Rohstoff zum nächsten ist damit eine automatische Einstellung des Abscheideelementes möglich.Advantageously, the tangential adjustment of the separating element is provided with a toothed rod attached to the separating element. The rack is arranged arcuately, wherein the sheet is arranged concentrically to the garnished surface of the roller. To automate the adjustment of the separation element, the adjustment for the radial and / or tangential adjustment of the separation element may be provided with an actuator. This makes it possible to obtain an automatic adjustment of the separation element in an existing sensor for the measurement of the deposited impurities. Even with a batch change from one raw material to the next an automatic adjustment of the separation element is possible.
Auch wird eine Karde mit einer Vorrichtung nach obiger Beschreibung zur Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen aus einem Faserstrom vorgeschlagen.Also, a card is proposed with a device as described above for the separation of impurities from a fiber stream.
Weiter ist es vorteilhaft, wenn im Zwickel zwischen der Kardentrommel und der Dofferwalze Leitbleche zur Unterstützung der Abnahme des Faservlieses von der Kardentrommel durch die Dofferwalze vorgesehen sind. Dabei ragen ein der Kardentrommel zugeordnetes Leitblech entlang einer Oberfläche der Kardentrommel und ein der Dofferwalze zugeordnetes Leitblech entlang einer Oberfläche der Dofferwalze in den Spickel. Beide Leitbleche sind jeweils tangential zu der ihnen zugewiesenen Oberfläche verschiebbar. Eine weitere Einstellmöglichkeit ist für das Leitblech der Kardentrommel vorgesehen. Dieses kann über einen Drehpunkt in seinem Anstellwinkel gegenüber der Oberfläche der Kardentrommel gedreht werden. Dieser Anstellwinkel kann vorteilhafterweise in einem Bereich von 0 bis 5 Winkelgraden verstellt werden. Die beiden Leitbleche weisen jeweils an ihrem gegen die Drehrichtung der Dofferwalze respektive der Kardentrommel gerichteten Ende eine Zunge auf welche in den Zwickel zeigt. Die jeweils der Oberfläche der Dofferwalze respektive der Kardentrommel zugewandte Seite der Zunge weist einen Zungenwinkel auf. Die Oberfläche der Zunge welche der Oberfläche der Walze zugewandt ist, entfernt sich von der jeweiligen Oberfläche unter einem Zungenwinkel. Die Zunge des Leitblechs zur Kardentrommel sowie die Zunge des Leitblechs der Dofferwalze weisen vorteilhafterweise einen Zungenwinkel von 5 bis 20 Winkelgraden auf.Further, it is advantageous if in the gusset between the card drum and the Dofferwalze baffles are provided to support the decrease of the nonwoven fabric from the card drum through the doffer roller. In this case, a baffle associated with the carding drum protrude along a surface of the carding drum and a baffle plate associated with the doffer roll along a surface of the doffer roll into the bobbin. Both baffles are each displaceable tangentially to their assigned surface. Another adjustment is provided for the baffle of the card drum. This can be rotated via a pivot point in its angle of attack relative to the surface of the card drum. This angle of attack can be advantageously adjusted in a range of 0 to 5 degrees. The two baffles each have at their directed against the direction of rotation of the doffer roller respectively the card drum end a tongue which points into the gusset. Each of the surface of the doffer roller and the card drum side facing the tongue has a tongue angle. The surface of the tongue which faces the surface of the roller moves away from the respective surface at a tongue angle. The tongue of the baffle for the card drum and the tongue of the baffle of the doffer roll advantageously have a tongue angle of 5 to 20 degrees.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung sind in den nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Es zeigen:
-
Figur 1 - eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Karde nach dem Stand der Technik;
-
Figur 2 - einen schematischen Querschnitt einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung;
-
Figur 3 - einen schematischen Querschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung und
-
Figur 4 - eine vergrösserte schematische Teilansicht einer Ausführungsform des Übergabebereichs zwischen der Kardentrommel und der Dofferwalze.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic side view of a card according to the prior art;
- FIG. 2
- a schematic cross section of a first embodiment of an inventive device;
- FIG. 3
- a schematic cross section of a second embodiment of an inventive device and
- FIG. 4
- an enlarged schematic partial view of an embodiment of the transfer region between the card drum and the Dofferwalze.
Die Verunreinigungen werden dabei vom Ausscheidespalt 25 bis zum Absaugrohr 22 mit einer ersten Führung 23 und einer der ersten Führung 23 gegenüberliegenden zweiten Führung 24 zu einem Absaugrohr geführt. Das ortsfest angebrachte Absaugrohr 22 wird unter einem leichten Unterdruck gehalten und nimmt die Verunreinigungen auf. Die erste Führung 23 ist als eine Membrane ausgeführt und stellt die Führung der Verunreinigungen vom Ausscheideelement 20 bis zum Absaugrohr 22 sicher. Dabei ist diese Membrane 23 ausgehend vom Ausscheideelement 20 tangential an das Absaugrohr 22 herangeführt. Am Absaugrohr 22 ist die Membrane 23 in einer entsprechenden Halterung 31 befestigt und damit ortsfest gehalten. Die zweite Führung 24 ist derart ausgebildet, dass zwischen dem Absaugrohr 22 und der Führung 24 ein Falschluftspalt 29 gebildet wird. Durch diesen Falschluftspalt 29 wird durch den im Absaugrohr 22 herrschenden Unterdruck Luft angesaugt. Dies bewirkt, dass an der Stelle des Ausscheidespaltes 25 kein Unterdruck herrscht, welcher die Ausscheidung der Verunreinigungen beeinflussen könnte. Die Membrane 23 ist durch die ortsfeste Membranbefestigung 31 am Absaugrohr an ihrem einen Ende und die Auflage auf dem Ausscheideelement an ihrem anderen Ende aufgrund der Länge der Membrane 23 unter einer Biegespannung eingebaut. Durch die Formgebung der Membrane 23 und den tangentialen Einlauf des mit Verunreinigungen durchsetzten Luftstromes vom Ausscheidespalt 25 zum Absaugrohr 22 ergibt sich eine Bewegungsrichtung 30 der Verunreinigungen welche in der Folge im Absaugrohr durch die axiale Absaugung eine spiralförmige Strömung bewirkt.The impurities are thereby guided from the
Das Ausscheideelement 20 ist mit einer Einstellvorrichtung versehen. Diese ermöglicht eine Verstellung des Ausscheidespaltes 25 durch eine tangentiale Bewegung des Messers 26 entlang der Oberfläche 18 der Walze 17. Zur Durchführung der Verstellung ist beispielhaft eine am Ausscheideelement 20 angebrachte gebogene Zahnstange 27 gezeigt. Über ein ortsfest gehaltenes Zahnrad 28 wird nun bei dessen Drehung über die Zahnstange 27 das Ausscheideelement 20 mit einer zur Oberfläche 18 der Walze 17 tangentialen Bewegung 33 verschoben und der Ausscheidespalt 25 entsprechend vergrössert oder verkleinert. Das Ausscheideelement 20 ist mit einer Gleitfläche 32 versehen, auf welcher die Membrane 23 bei der Bewegung 33 des Ausscheideelementes 20 geführt wird. Durch die Eigenspannung der Membrane 23 ist dadurch in jeder Stellung des Ausscheideelementes 20 eine Führung der Verunreinigungen vom Ausscheidespalt 25 zum Absaugrohr 22 gewährleistet. Es ist keine zusätzliche Verstellung der Führungen 23, 24 bei einer Änderung der Einstellung des Ausscheideelementes 20 notwendig. Auch wird der Anschluss des Absaugrohres 22 an ein zentrales Absaugsystem der Maschine nicht verändert.The separating
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten und beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Abwandlungen im Rahmen der Patentansprüche sind ebenso möglich wie eine Kombination der Merkmale, auch wenn diese in unterschiedlichen Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt und beschrieben sind.The present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Variations within the scope of the claims are also possible as a combination of features, even if they are shown and described in different embodiments.
- 11
- Kardeteasel
- 22
- Füllschachthopper
- 33
- FüllschachtaustragFüllschachtaustrag
- 44
- Faserflockenfiber flocks
- 55
- Speisekanalfeeding channel
- 66
- Fasergutfiber material
- 77
- Speisevorrichtungfeeder
- 88th
- Ausscheideelementseparating element
- 99
- Erster VorreisserFirst lancer
- 1010
- Zweiter VorreisserSecond lapses
- 1111
- Dritter VorreisserThird licker-in
- 1212
- Kardentrommelcarding drum
- 1313
- Deckelaggregatflat unit
- 1414
- Abnehmercustomer
- 1515
- BandbildungseinheitBanding unit
- 1616
- KardenbandKardenband
- 1717
- Walzeroller
- 1818
- garnierte Oberflächegarnished surface
- 1919
- Drehrichtung WalzeDirection of rotation roller
- 2020
- Ausscheideelementseparating element
- 2121
- Gegenelementcounter-element
- 2222
- Absaugrohrsuction tube
- 2323
- Erste FührungFirst tour
- 2424
- Zweite FührungSecond leadership
- 2525
- Ausscheidespaltseparating gap
- 2626
- Messerknife
- 2727
- Zahnstangerack
- 2828
- Zahnradgear
- 2929
- FalschluftspaltIncorrect air gap
- 3030
- Bewegungsrichtung VerunreinigungenDirection of movement impurities
- 3131
- Membranbefestigungmembrane attachment
- 3232
- Gleitflächesliding surface
- 3333
- Tangentiale Bewegungsrichtung des AusscheideelementesTangential direction of movement of the separation element
- 3434
- Dofferwalzedoffer
- 3535
- Leitblech KardentrommelGuide plate carding drum
- 3636
- Drehpunktpivot point
- 3737
- Leitblech DofferBaffle doffer
- 3838
- Faservliesnon-woven fabric
- 3939
- Drehrichtung KardentrommelDirection of rotation of the carding drum
- 4040
- Drehrichtung DofferDirection of rotation Doffer
- 4141
- Führungsfläche Leitblech DofferGuide surface baffle Doffer
- 4242
- Führungsfläche Leitblech KardentrommelGuide surface baffle card pulley
- 4343
- ÜbergabestelleTransfer point
- αα
- Anstellwinkel Leitblech KardentrommelAngle of attack Guide plate Cardan drum
- ββ
- Zungenwinkel KardentrommelTongue angle card drum
- γγ
- Zungenwinkel DofferTongue angle doffer
Claims (14)
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CH00227/18A CH714680A1 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | Device for removing impurities in a card or a cleaner. |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3530780A1 true EP3530780A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
EP3530780B1 EP3530780B1 (en) | 2022-01-26 |
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EP19156319.6A Active EP3530780B1 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2019-02-11 | Device for separating out impurities |
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EP (1) | EP3530780B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110195275B (en) |
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-
2018
- 2018-02-26 CH CH00227/18A patent/CH714680A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2019
- 2019-02-11 EP EP19156319.6A patent/EP3530780B1/en active Active
- 2019-02-25 CN CN201910138030.1A patent/CN110195275B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0894877A2 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1999-02-03 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Dirt removing apparatus for fiber cleaning aggregates |
EP0909843A1 (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-04-21 | FRATELLI MARZOLI & C. S.p.A. | Fiber-guiding wedge for carders |
EP1213378A1 (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-12 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Card |
DE102005038405A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-15 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | cleaning device |
DE102005038419A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-15 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Cleaning device for a textile machine |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113021433A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-25 | 上海爵诺科技有限公司 | Single or many automatic cutout accuse material of straw are spit out mechanism |
CN115418726A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-02 | 山东效棉机械有限公司 | Knife type impurity removing device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH714680A1 (en) | 2019-08-30 |
CN110195275A (en) | 2019-09-03 |
CN110195275B (en) | 2022-09-27 |
EP3530780B1 (en) | 2022-01-26 |
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