EP3525998B1 - Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de pièces en céramique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de pièces en céramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3525998B1
EP3525998B1 EP17783863.8A EP17783863A EP3525998B1 EP 3525998 B1 EP3525998 B1 EP 3525998B1 EP 17783863 A EP17783863 A EP 17783863A EP 3525998 B1 EP3525998 B1 EP 3525998B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
dewatering
filtration layer
casting
cast part
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EP17783863.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3525998A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Menzel
Sebastian Bauer
Max Hälterlein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3525998A1 publication Critical patent/EP3525998A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/261—Moulds therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/36—Linings or coatings, e.g. removable, absorbent linings, permanent anti-stick coatings; Linings becoming a non-permanent layer of the moulded article
    • B28B7/368—Absorbent linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/26—Permeable casings or strainers
    • B30B9/262—Permeable casings or strainers means disposed in the casing facilitating the squeezing-out of liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/28—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for forming shaped articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a casting mold, in particular a slip casting mold, according to claim 1, a casting device, a method for dewatering a cast part and a method for producing a cast part.
  • Castings in particular ceramic castings, are usually produced using at least two mold parts.
  • slip is introduced into these mold parts.
  • Slip is a liquid (mushy to viscous) mass (water-mineral mixture) for the manufacture of ceramic products.
  • the slip is pressurized and pressed into the mold, squeezing water out of the slip.
  • the mold is held together by closing forces (e.g. hydraulic or pneumatic or the like). The water escapes from the mold due to the slip pressure and a so-called green body is created.
  • the mold parts In order to demould the green body (the shard), the mold parts must be opened so that the green body can be demoulded.
  • the mold parts are then usually cleaned (e.g. with water and/or air).
  • the mold parts can then be closed again so that a new casting cycle can begin.
  • the DE 37 26 383 C2 describes a method and a device for the slip casting of ceramic parts.
  • the corresponding device has several (Specifically four) mold parts, in which communicating channels are arranged, which are connected to a flexible pressure relief hose.
  • the mold parts are here made of a porous material such as plaster. The dewatering process is perceived as being comparatively complex, in particular time-consuming.
  • a casting mold for producing a cast part, in particular a ceramic die-cast part, comprising at least a first mold part with a first base part and a first filtration layer and at least a second mold part with a second base body and a second filtration layer, wherein in at least one first drainage channel is provided on the first base body, with at least one drainage channel end which, in a pouring position, opens into a drainage channel within the second mold part.
  • a core aspect of the invention lies in the use of mold parts that are basically constructed in two parts (i.e. with a base body and a filtration layer) and in the first mold part the water is not drained off via a connection with a corresponding drain, but via the second mold part (or an additional drainage body , which is not part of the invention).
  • the first mold part can be moved freely after the dewatering process (since it is not connected to a discharge line, such as a hose, for example) and can be transported further quickly. Nevertheless, the casting is dewatered effectively and quickly.
  • the cast part is removed with a robot (together with the first mold part). The robot can then flexibly position the casting at a suitable location for further processing.
  • the cast part can also be moved sideways and does not have to be moved away in a direction opposite to the second mold part (as is usual in the prior art).
  • a central idea is therefore that the drainage channel of the first mold part (directly) opens into a drainage channel of the second mold part.
  • a drainage channel of the second mold part is used, a structure for draining the water from a drainage channel inside the first mold part is omitted.
  • An (additional) drainage body is to be understood in particular as a body that is rigid (and possibly without open pores).
  • the drainage body can (just like the second base body) lie directly against the first base body in the casting position and/or be (further) away from the first base body in a demolding position (in particular open mold parts), e.g. at least essentially the same distance away as the second body.
  • the first and/or second base bodies are (preferably) designed without pores or at least without open pores.
  • the (first and/or second) filtration layer may have a (at least substantially) constant thickness.
  • the (first and/or second) base body can have at least one recess and/or at least one projection for defining the shape of the cast part.
  • a drainage channel end filter device in particular a drainage channel end filtration layer, is preferably provided at the drainage channel end.
  • a drainage channel end valve device can be provided.
  • a fluid resistance at the end of the drainage channel can be approximated or matched to a fluid resistance of the first filtration layer. If, for example, a fluid (e.g. water or air) is then pressed into the first drainage channel or sucked out from there, this also has an effect on the first filtration layer, since the fluid is not (exclusively) pressed over the end of the drainage channel or sucked out from there.
  • the drainage process can thus also be influenced (controlled) via changes in the pressure in the drainage channel. This increases the efficiency of the dewatering process.
  • the first drainage channel has at least one fluid supply and/or discharge end, via which a fluid (e.g. air or water) can be supplied and/or discharged.
  • a fluid e.g. air or water
  • This fluid supply and/or discharge end is preferably (in the pouring position) not in contact with the second mold part so that it is accessible from outside the mold (e.g. by a robot).
  • the drainage channel can (at least or exactly) have three ends, namely the drainage channel end, the fluid supply and/or discharge end and the end in contact with the first filtration layer. (At least) one corresponding branch is provided for this purpose.
  • a pressure present at the first filtration layer at the corresponding end of the fluid channel can be increased and/or decreased via the fluid supply and/or discharge end, so that the dewatering process can be promoted and/or the removal of the finished green body via the first mold part (for example via a robot) is facilitated.
  • suction can take place to lift the first molded part with the green compact and then the pressure can be increased to deposit the green compact at another location (for example an assembly line).
  • a valve is preferably assigned to the fluid supply and/or discharge end, so that the fluid supply and/or discharge end can be selectively opened or closed.
  • This valve is preferably by a Recording device (such as a robot) actuated. This makes it easier to dewater and move the casting.
  • the first drainage channel is adjacent to (without penetrating) the first filtration layer.
  • the first drainage channel can at least partially penetrate the first filtration layer.
  • the (respective) second drainage channel within the second mold part can penetrate the second mold part without being in contact with the second filtration layer.
  • the second drainage channel can also be in contact with the second filtration layer.
  • At least two (or at least three or at least four) first drainage channels and/or at least two (or at least three or at least four) second drainage channels can be provided.
  • at least one (or at least two or at least three) drainage channels may not be in contact with the second filtration layer and/or at least one (or at least two or at least three) drainage channels may be in contact with the second filtration layer.
  • a seal (ring seal) is preferably provided in an area around the drainage channel end.
  • a drainage channel beginning of the second drainage channel is preferably in direct connection with the drainage channel end of the first drainage channel in the casting position.
  • a cross-sectional area of a (the) drainage channel start of the second drainage channel is preferably at least approximately (possibly +/- 40%, in particular +/- 10%) as large as a cross-sectional area of the drainage channel end of the first drainage channel.
  • the length of the first and/or second drainage channel is at least twice, preferably at least four times, the (average) diameter.
  • a (the) diameter of the first and/or second drainage channel is preferably constant (over the respective length of the first or second drainage channel).
  • a cross section of the first and/or second drainage channel is preferably (at least in sections, possibly over the entire length) round and/or oval and/or polygonal, in particular rectangular.
  • a casting device in particular a slip casting device, comprising at least one casting mold, in particular a slip casting mold of the type described above, for producing a cast part, in particular a ceramic die-cast part.
  • the casting device in particular a slip casting device, preferably has a removal device, in particular a robot (in order to remove the first mold part together with the cast part from the second mold part and thus remove the cast part).
  • the removal device is designed so that the casting can be removed laterally (i.e. in a direction that deviates from a pressing direction (for example by an angle of at least 10 degrees or at least 30 degrees or at least 45 degrees or at least 60 degrees).
  • the pressing direction is defined by the pressing of the first and second mold parts against each other. This means that the cast part can be picked up quickly and variably and positioned elsewhere.
  • fluid in particular air and/or water and/or slip
  • the above-mentioned object is further achieved in particular by a method for dewatering a cast part, in particular a ceramic die-cast part, in a mold, in particular of the type described above, with the features of claim 8, wherein the mold has at least a first mold part with a base body and a first filtration layer and at least one second molded part having a second body and a second filtration layer, wherein liquid is drained through and from the body is derived by the second body.
  • the first and second mold parts are preferably pressed against one another during dewatering.
  • a vacuum or excess pressure can be built up in at least one first drainage channel of the first mold part.
  • a negative or positive pressure can be built up in at least one second drainage channel of the second mold part during the drainage.
  • an overpressure can be built up in one of the first drainage channels and a negative pressure in another of the first drainage channels, so that the liquid in the filtration layer is pressed from one drainage channel to the other.
  • an overpressure is built up in one of the second drainage channels and/or a negative pressure in another of the second drainage channels, so that water from the first and/or second filtration layer is conveyed from the first drainage channel to the second drainage channel and is thus effectively removed can. Overall, this enables efficient dewatering.
  • the cast part is preferably removed (or removed) laterally (in particular via a robot). In principle, however, the direction of removal is arbitrary.
  • the above-mentioned object is also achieved in particular by using a casting mold, in particular a slip casting mold of the type described above and/or a casting device, in particular a slip casting device of the type described above, for producing a cast part, in particular a die-cast slip part, with the features of claim 13.
  • the slip casting mold comprises a first mold part 10 and a second mold part 11.
  • Slip 26 for producing a die-cast part is located between the mold parts 10,11.
  • first mold part 10 two first drainage channels 12a, 12b are provided.
  • second mold part 11 two second drainage channels 13a, 13b are provided.
  • the first drainage channels 12a, 12b are arranged in a first base body 14 of the first mold part 10. Furthermore, the first molded part 10 also has a first filtration layer 15 . Similarly, the second mold part 11 includes a second base body 16 and a second filtration layer 17. To produce a (ceramic) casting, the slip 26 is introduced between the first mold part and the second mold part 11 into a cavity 18. The slip is pressurized so that water is pressed out of the slip and can be discharged via the filtration layers 15, 17 or the drainage channels 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b. This creates a so-called shard (green body). For the demolding of the body, the mold parts 10, 11 are opened (i.e. removed from each other) so that the shard can be removed. The mold parts 10, 11 can then be cleaned (usually with water and/or air). The mold parts 10, 11 can be closed again so that a new casting cycle can start.
  • shard green body
  • the filtration water (ie the water pressed out of the slip) is thus (individually) discharged from the two mold parts 10, 11.
  • first connections 19a, 19b are provided on the first mold part 10 and second connections 20a and 20b are provided on the second mold part 11.
  • Hoses (or similar lines) are then usually connected to these connections, through which the water can be drained.
  • Such (flexible) lines can be used to compensate for a relative stroke between the first and second mold parts (for example during product removal or cleaning, etc.).
  • the first mold part 10 has first drainage channels 12a, 12b, each of which has a drainage channel end 21a, 21b, which in the casting position (in which the first mold part 10 and second mold part 11, as in FIG 1 shown pressed against each other) are (directly) connected to second drainage channels 22a, 22b, so that pressed water (filtration water) can be discharged from the first filtration layer 15 via the first drainage channels 21a, 21b and the second drainage channels 13a, 13b.
  • pressed water filtration water
  • the first mold part 10 can therefore be lifted together with the shard (green body) comparatively easily and flexibly (in particular by means of a robot) and flexibly positioned elsewhere. All in all, the water gets from the slip in the cavity 18 via the first filtration layer 15 into the first drainage channels 12a, 12b and can be discharged from there via the second drainage channels 13a, 13b.
  • the green body Once the green body is fully cast (particularly in a die-casting process to produce a ceramic product), it can first mold part 10 using a removal device (a robot; in particular together with the green body) are raised.
  • a removal device a robot; in particular together with the green body
  • a vacuum negative pressure
  • a robot or other removal device can open (press) a valve 22a or 22b, so that a fluid connection is established between the first filtration layer 15 and a fluid supply and/or discharge end 23a or 23b, and from there a negative pressure can be applied can.
  • an overpressure can then be applied accordingly, so that the green compact detaches from the first mold part 10 .
  • water and/or air can also be introduced or extracted via the fluid supply and/or discharge end 23a or 23b (for example for cleaning).
  • a drainage channel end filtration layer 24a or 24b in the first drainage channel 12a or 12b ensures that fluid that is present, for example, via the fluid inlet and/or outlet end 23a or 23b and is to be conveyed in the direction of the filtration layer 15 is not (exclusively ) runs over the first drainage channel end 21a or 21b.
  • an (at least slight) overpressure or negative pressure can be built up (in the first drainage channels 12a, 12b and/or second drainage channels 13a, 13b) .
  • an overpressure is built up in the second drainage channel 13a and a negative pressure is built up in the second drainage channel 13b, so that overall the filtration water is conveyed in the direction of the second drainage channel 13b.
  • a second (in 2 middle) drainage channel 13c is in contact with the second filtration layer 17.
  • This drainage channel can define a slip port.
  • the drainage channel 13c can also be arranged at a different point.
  • the second drainage channels 13a and 13b are not in communication with the second filtration layer 17 (nor with the first filtration layer 15).
  • Seals 25a, 25b are arranged around the drain channel ends 21a, 21b to allow an effective transfer of water from the first drain channels 12a, 12b into the second drain channels 13a, 13b.
  • two or more second drainage channels can also be provided, which are in contact with the second filtration layer.
  • An example shows figure 3 .
  • This shows a second embodiment which corresponds to the first embodiment with the difference that two second drainage channels 13c, 13d are provided which are in contact with the second filtration layer 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Moule de coulée, notamment moule de coulage en barbotine, destiné à la fabrication d'une pièce coulée, notamment d'une pièce coulée sous pression en céramique, comprenant au moins une première partie de moule (10) pourvue d'un premier corps de base (14) et d'une première couche filtrante (15) et au moins une deuxième partie de moule (11) pourvue d'un deuxième corps de base (16) et d'une deuxième couche filtrante (17), le premier corps de base renfermant au moins un premier canal d'évacuation d'eau (12a, 12b) pourvu d'au moins une première extrémité de canal d'évacuation d'eau (21a, 21b), caractérisé en ce que dans une position de coulage, l'extrémité de canal d'évacuation d'eau (21a, 21b) débouche dans un deuxième canal d'évacuation d'eau (13a, 13b) situé à l'intérieur de la deuxième partie de moule (11).
  2. Moule de coulée, notamment moule de coulage en barbotine, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu à l'extrémité du canal d'évacuation d'eau (21a, 21b) un dispositif de filtration d'extrémité du canal d'évacuation d'eau, notamment une couche filtrante d'extrémité du canal d'évacuation d'eau (24a, 24b), et/ou un dispositif de soupape d'extrémité du canal d'évacuation d'eau.
  3. Moule de coulée, notamment moule de coulage en barbotine, selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier canal d'évacuation d'eau (12a, 12b) présente au moins une extrémité d'amenée et/ou d'évacuation de fluide (23a, 23b), par laquelle un fluide, notamment de l'air ou de l'eau, peut être amené et/ou évacué, une soupape (22a, 22b) étant de préférence associée à l'extrémité d'amenée et/ou d'évacuation de fluide (23a, 23b), de sorte qu'un chemin d'écoulement peut être ouvert ou fermé en direction de la première couche filtrante (15) et/ou en direction de l'extrémité du canal d'évacuation d'eau (21a, 21b).
  4. Moule de coulée, notamment moule de coulage en barbotine, selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier canal d'évacuation d'eau (12a, 12b) est adjacent à la première couche filtrante (15) sans la traverser ou en ce que le premier canal d'évacuation d'eau traverse au moins partiellement la première couche filtrante.
  5. Dispositif de coulée, notamment dispositif de coulage en barbotine, comprenant au moins un moule de coulée, notamment un moule de coulage en barbotine, selon l'une des revendications précédentes, pour la fabrication d'une pièce coulée, notamment d'une pièce coulée sous pression céramique.
  6. Dispositif de coulée, notamment dispositif de coulage en barbotine, selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif d'extraction, notamment un robot, est prévu pour retirer la première partie de moule (10), conjointement avec la pièce coulée, de la deuxième partie de moule (11).
  7. Dispositif de coulée, notamment dispositif de coulage en barbotine, selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif d'amenée et/ou d'évacuation de fluide est prévu pour pousser un fluide, notamment de l'air ou de l'eau, en direction d'une cavité de moule ou pour l'en aspirer.
  8. Procédé d'évacuation d'eau d'une pièce moulée, notamment d'une pièce moulée sous pression céramique, dans un moule, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, le moule présentant au moins une première partie de moule (10) avec un premier corps de base (14) et une première couche filtrante (15) et au moins une deuxième partie de moule (11) avec un deuxième corps de base (14) et une deuxième couche filtrante (17), caractérisé en ce que pour l'évacuation d'eau, du liquide est évacué à travers le premier corps de base (14) et de là à travers le deuxième corps de base (16).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la première (10) et la deuxième (11) parties de moule sont pressées l'une contre l'autre pendant l'évacuation d'eau.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que, pendant l'évacuation d'eau, une dépression ou une surpression est établie dans au moins un premier canal d'évacuation d'eau (12a, 12b) de la première partie de moule (10) et/ou, pendant l'évacuation d'eau, une dépression ou une surpression est établie dans au moins un deuxième canal d'évacuation d'eau (13a, 13b, 13c) de la deuxième partie de moule (11).
  11. Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée, notamment d'une pièce moulée sous pression céramique, en utilisant un moule, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - Introduction d'une masse à couler dans une cavité (18)
    - Évacuation d'eau selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, et
    - Retrait de la pièce moulée du moule.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la pièce moulée est prélevée latéralement, notamment par un robot.
  13. Utilisation d'un moule de coulée, notamment d'un moule de coulage en barbotine, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 et/ou d'un dispositif de coulée, notamment d'un dispositif de coulage en barbotine, selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, pour la fabrication d'une pièce coulée, notamment d'une pièce de barbotine coulée sous pression.
EP17783863.8A 2016-10-14 2017-10-13 Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de pièces en céramique Active EP3525998B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016119673.8A DE102016119673A1 (de) 2016-10-14 2016-10-14 Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Keramikteilen
PCT/EP2017/076222 WO2018069513A1 (fr) 2016-10-14 2017-10-13 Dispositif de fabrication de pièces en céramique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3525998A1 EP3525998A1 (fr) 2019-08-21
EP3525998B1 true EP3525998B1 (fr) 2022-07-27

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US (1) US11883981B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3525998B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109689316B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016119673A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2927384T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018069513A1 (fr)

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CN112008831A (zh) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-01 泉州申鹭达厨卫科技有限公司 一种马桶弯管生产模具及其制造工艺
CN114643634B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2022-11-29 重庆臻宝实业有限公司 一种注浆成型的真空模具

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WO2018069513A1 (fr) 2018-04-19
ES2927384T3 (es) 2022-11-04
US11883981B2 (en) 2024-01-30
CN109689316B (zh) 2021-12-17
DE102016119673A1 (de) 2018-04-19
US20210299908A1 (en) 2021-09-30
CN109689316A (zh) 2019-04-26
EP3525998A1 (fr) 2019-08-21

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