EP3515625A1

EP3515625A1 - Tool and machine tool and method for machining plate-like workpieces

Info

Publication number: EP3515625A1
Application number: EP17784194.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Markus Wilhelm; Dominik BITTO; Rainer Hank; Marc Klinkhammer; Leonard Schindewolf; Simon OCKENFUSS; Dr. Jens KAPPES; Dennis Tränklein; Alexander Tatarczyk; Dr. Jörg NEUPERT; Markus MAATZ; Christian JAKISCH
Original assignee: Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen SE and Co KG
Current assignee: Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen SE and Co KG
Priority date: 2016-09-26
Filing date: 2017-09-26
Publication date: 2019-07-31
Also published as: JP2019529119A; US20190217368A1; CN109789472A; WO2018055184A1; JP6992055B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool and a machine tool and to a method for machining plate-like workpieces (10), in particular metal sheets, having an upper tool (11) and having a lower tool (9), which can be moved toward each other to machine a workpiece (10) arranged between, wherein the upper tool (11) has a clamping shaft (34) and a base body (33), which comprise a common position axis (35), and comprises a machining tool (37), which is arranged on the base body (33), opposite the clamping shaft (34), and wherein the lower tool (9) has a base body (41) which comprises a supporting surface (47) for the workpiece (10) and an opening (46) located within the supporting surface (47), wherein a tool body (39) accommodating the machining tool (37) has a longitudinal axis (40) which is inclined with respect to the positioning axis (35) of the upper tool (11).

Description

Tool and machine tool and method for
Processing of plate-shaped workpieces
The invention relates to a tool and a machine tool and a method for processing plate-shaped workpieces, preferably of sheets.
Such a machine tool is known from EP 2 527 058 B1. This publication discloses a machine tool in the form of a press for machining workpieces, wherein an upper tool is provided on a lifting device which is movable relative to a workpiece to be machined along a lifting axis in the direction of the workpiece and in the opposite direction. In the Hubachse and the upper tool opposite a lower tool is provided, which is positioned to a bottom. A lifting drive device for a lifting movement of the upper tool is controlled by a wedge gear. The lifting drive device with the upper tool arranged thereon can be moved along a positioning axis with a motor drive. The lower tool is moved synchronously with a motor drive to the upper tool.
From DE 10 2006 049 044 A1 a tool for processing plate-shaped workpieces is known, which can be used for example in a machine tool according to EP 2 527 058 B1. This tool for cutting and / or forming plate-shaped workpieces comprises a punch and a punching die. For processing a workpiece arranged between the punch and the punching die, these are moved toward one another in a stroke direction. A cutting tool with a cutting edge is arranged on the punch, and at least two counter cutting edges are provided on the punching die. The punch and the punching die are rotatable relative to each other about a common positioning axis. In this case, the counter cutting edges are aligned with the common positioning axis, that by a rotational movement of the cutting tool of the punch, the cutting edge of the cutting tool can be positioned to the counter cutting edges. The counter cutting edges correspond to the distance to the positioning axis the distance of the cutting edge to the common positioning.
Furthermore, EP 2 177 289 B1 discloses a tool for cutting and / or forming plate-shaped workpieces. This tool comprises a punch and a punching die, which in turn are aligned with each other in a common positioning axis. The punch is rotatably mounted about this positioning axis, so that at least one cutting edge of a cutting tool on the punch to at least one counter cutting edge on the punching die can be aligned. The punching die comprises in a bearing surface for a workpiece an opening through which severed workpiece parts can be discharged. Adjacent to the opening, a further counter-cutting edge is provided which has the same distance to the positioning axis as the further counter-cutting edge in the opening. At the lying outside the opening counter cutting edge of the punching die a Ausschleusfläche the sheet is provided. Also in this tool corresponds to the distance of the counter cutting edges to the positioning axis the distance of the cutting edge on the cutting tool of the punch to positioning.
From WO O2 / 043 892 A2 a tool for cutting plate-shaped workpieces with a top and bottom tool is known. The upper tool comprises a clamping shaft and a base body, which lie in a common position axis. On the base body, a machining tool is provided which is opposite to the clamping shaft. The lower tool comprises a base body with a support surface for the workpiece and an opening lying within the support surface. A cutting edge of the machining tool is inclined with respect to a plane of the workpiece to introduce longitudinal slots.
The invention has for its object to provide a tool and a machine tool as well as a method for cutting and / or forming of plate-shaped workpieces, through which the flexibility in the machining of workpieces is increased.
This object is achieved by a tool for cutting and / or forming plate-shaped workpieces, in particular sheets, with the features of claim 1.
The tool for processing plate-shaped workpieces has a machining tool acting on the workpiece, in which a tool body accommodating the machining tool has a longitudinal axis which is inclined relative to the tool rotation axis or the positioning axis of the upper tool. This machining tool is preferably provided on the upper tool. By controlling a lifting movement of the upper tool, which can be controlled by a superposition of a movement in the Y direction and in the Z direction, a deviating from a vertical stroke, in particular inclined, stroke movement can be performed. By such an oblique stroke movement is made possible that oblique cuts can be formed on a workpiece or a workpiece edge. This allows, for example, the production of oblique parts edges. Likewise, a welding edge preparation can be provided on workpieces. In addition, it is possible that in the case of bends or upstands, which are raised in relation to a workpiece plane, a machining, in particular a punching stroke, can be carried out. At such a bend, a rectangular edge of the part or an oblique edge of the part can be introduced. In addition, further processing such as bending, engraving or forming can be made possible by a relative to the position axis inclined tool body.
Due to the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the tool body, the orientation for a cutting surface on the workpiece can be determined. Preferably, a lifting movement of the upper tool on the lower tool can be controlled such that it extends along the longitudinal axis of the tool body.
It is preferably provided that the longitudinal axis of the machining tool relative to the positioning axis is inclined at an angle of up to 90 °. This makes it possible, for example, for a workpiece resting on a workpiece support surface also to be able to machine the end face or end face of the workpiece, which can be aligned, for example, perpendicular to a contact surface of the workpiece.
According to a first embodiment of the machining tool, it is provided that this is designed as a cutting tool and has at least one cutting edge at the free end of the tool body. Due to the contour of such a cutting edge and corresponding to a counter cutting edge on the punching die different cutting contours or machining operations can be performed.
Preferably, a stamp surface is provided on the tool body, which is preferably aligned at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tool body, wherein at least one cutting edge is provided on the stamp surface. Advantageously, the entire stamp surface may be delimited by a circumferential cutting edge. For example, by means of such a tool body, which has an upper and lower cutting edge on a punch surface and lateral cutting edges connecting the upper and lower cutting edge, both lower and upper chamfers are easily introduced to the workpiece. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a counter-cutting edge of the punching die lies in the bearing surface of the base body of the lower tool. If an upper tool with an inclined tool base body is moved toward the punching die, an oblique cutting edge can be produced in the workpiece resting on the punching die.
Alternatively, it may be provided that a support surface adjoining the counter-cutting edge is inclined relative to the support surface on the base body of the lower tool and preferably protrudes with respect to the latter in the direction of the upper tool. The inclination of the support surface advantageously corresponds to the inclination of the stamp surface. In a lifting movement, which is aligned perpendicular to the support surface, a right-angle edge of the part can be produced in a folded workpiece part.
Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a Abstanzfläche is provided adjacent to the counter-cutting edge, which is formed inclined or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tool body. In this case, a support of the tool body can be made possible during the lifting movement. Preferably, the Abstanzfläche is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the tool body, so that the Abstanzfläche with increasing stroke of the tool body of this removed.
Another embodiment of the tool provides that a counter-die is provided, which is spaced from the Abstanzfläche. It is provided that the distance is adapted to the thickness or size of the tool body, which is guided during a lifting movement between the Abstanzfläche and the Gegenmatrize. By such a counter-die an unwanted lifting of the workpiece from the support surface of the punching die can be prevented.
The supporting surface of the punching die adjoining the counter cutting edge is preferably adapted at an angle to a raised edge on the workpiece to be machined. As a result, during processing of the fold, the previously introduced angle of the fold can be maintained.
According to an alternative embodiment of the workpiece is provided that this is designed as a signing or engraving tool. Due to the inclined orientation of the marking or engraving tool, the introduction of a marking on a fold or on an end face of the workpiece can be provided.
Furthermore, it is alternatively provided that the tool is a bending and / or forming tool. As a result, different contours can be introduced into the workpiece.
Another alternative of the tool provides that this is designed as a stamping tool.
The object underlying the invention is further achieved by a machine tool for processing plate-shaped workpieces, in which the movement of the upper tool along the upper positioning and the movement of the lower tool along the lower Positionierachse are each independently controllable and provided for machining workpieces a tool body is, in which a machining tool is inclined relative to the position axis of the upper tool. By the machine tool, a lifting movement of the upper tool and / or the lower tool can be controlled, which is outside the Z-axis and can be superimposed by a movement along the Y-axis. This increases the flexibility in both the machining and in the use of tools.
The object underlying the invention is further achieved by methods for processing plate-shaped workpieces, in which a tool is used, which has a relative to the positioning axis of the tool inclined aligned machining tool and wherein the upper tool and / or the lower tool with an outside of the lifting axis lying stroke movement is controlled. As a result, the variety in the machining of workpieces can be increased.
It is preferably provided that a lifting movement of the upper tool and / or the lower tool is controlled, which has an inclined linear stroke movement with respect to a lifting axis. For example, this inclined linear lifting movement can be aligned along a longitudinal axis of the tool body on the machining tool. Alternatively it can be provided that a relative to the lifting axis, in particular Z-axis, curved or arcuate lifting movement is controlled. By the appropriate parameters for moving the upper tool to the lower tool not only cuts or shearing, but also rounding or reshaping with rounded or curved contours can be achieved.
Another embodiment for machining workpieces preferably provides that the upper tool is moved by a lifting movement along the lifting axis on the lower tool and then along an upper positioning, wherein during the lifting movement and the subsequent movement along the positioning the lower tool is positioned at rest. As a result, for example, a swivel-bending machining can be performed on a cut-free tab in the workpiece. Also, this can be produced a fold. Depending on the travel distance along the stroke axis and along the positioning axis of the swivel angle of the fold can be adjusted. If, for example, a bending by 90 ° was achieved by a lifting movement of the upper tool to the lower tool, a further pivoting movement of the fold can be initiated by a subsequent movement along the upper positioning, so that the tab or fold against a workpiece plane are bent by more than 90 ° can.
Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the upper tool and / or lower tool are controlled by a rotational movement about the position axis and / or by a movement along the respective positioning axis to the upper and lower tool to a cutting gap in the tool or to set a kerf width between the Cutting edge of the punch and a counter cutting edge of the punching die or set to disconnect a residual connection.
The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings and explained. The features to be taken from the description and the drawings can be applied individually according to the invention individually or in combination in any combination. Show it:
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the machine tool according to the invention,
FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the basic structure of a lifting drive device and of a motor drive according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a superimposed lifting movement in the Y and Z directions of the tappet according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a further superimposed lifting movement in the Y and Z directions of the tappet according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view from above of the machine tool according to FIG. 1 with workpiece support surfaces,
FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a tool for an oblique punching stroke,
FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the tool according to FIG. 6,
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the tool of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the tool according to FIG. 8,
FIG. 10 shows a schematic side view of a further alternative embodiment of the tool according to FIG. 6,
11 shows a perspective view of the tool according to FIG. 10 in a working position, FIG.
FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of the tool according to FIG. 6,
FIG. 13 shows a further perspective view of the embodiment of the tool in FIG. 12,
FIG. 14 shows a schematic side view of a further alternative embodiment of a tool,
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the tool of FIG. 8;
FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of a tool for embossing the workpiece,
17 shows a perspective view of a tool for reshaping the workpiece, FIG.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the tool for pivotally bending the workpiece;
Figures 19 - 22 schematic side view illustrating a pivot-bending machining on a workpiece and
Figure 23 is a schematic sectional view of another alternative embodiment of the tool for bending the workpiece.
FIG. 1 shows a machine tool 1, which is designed as a stamping press. This machine tool 1 comprises a support structure with a closed machine frame 2. This comprises two horizontal frame legs 3, 4 and two vertical frame legs 5 and 6. The machine frame 2 encloses a frame interior 7, the working area of the machine tool 1 with an upper tool 11 and a lower tool. 9 forms.
The machine tool 1 is used for processing plate-shaped workpieces 10, which are not shown in Figure 1 for the sake of simplicity and can be arranged for processing purposes in the frame interior 7. A workpiece 10 to be machined is placed on a workpiece support 8 provided in the frame interior 7. In a recess of the workpiece support 8, the lower tool 9 is mounted, for example in the form of a punching die on the lower horizontal frame leg 4 of the machine frame 2. This punching die can be provided with a die opening. During a punching process, the upper tool 11 designed as a punch dies into the die opening of the lower tool designed as a punching die.
The upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 can be used instead of a punch and a punching die as a punch and a bending die for forming workpieces 10.
The upper tool 11 is fixed in a tool holder at a lower end of a plunger 12. The plunger 12 is part of a lifting drive device 13, by means of which the upper tool 11 can be moved in a stroke direction along a lifting axis 14. The lifting axis 14 extends in the direction of the Z-axis of the coordinate system of a indicated in Figure 1 numerical control 15 of the machine tool 1. Perpendicular to the lifting axis 14, the lifting drive device 13 along a positioning axis 16 are moved in the direction of the double arrow. The positioning axis 16 extends in the direction of the Y-direction of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. The lifting tool 13 receiving the upper tool 11 is moved by means of a motor drive 17 along the positioning axis 16.
The movement of the plunger 12 along the lifting axis 14 and the positioning of the lifting drive device 13 along the positioning axis 16 by means of a motor drive 17 in the form of a drive assembly 17, in particular spindle drive assembly, with a running in the direction of the positioning axis 16 and fixedly connected to the machine frame 2 drive spindle 18. The lifting drive device 13 is guided during movements along the positioning axis 16 on three guide rails 19 of the upper frame leg 3, of which two guide rails 19 can be seen in FIG. The one remaining guide rail 19 is parallel to the visible guide rail 19 and is spaced therefrom in the direction X-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. On the guide rails 19 run guide shoes 20 of the Hubantriebsvorrichtung 13. The mutual engagement of the guide rail 19 and the guide shoes 20 is such that this connection between the guide rails 19 and the guide shoes 20 can also absorb a load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the lifting device 13 is suspended via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19 on the machine frame 2. Another component of the lifting drive device 13 is a wedge gear 21, by which a position of the upper tool 11 is adjustable relative to the lower tool 9.
The lower tool 9 is received movably along a lower positioning axis 25. This lower positioning axis 25 extends in the direction of the Y-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. Preferably, the lower positioning axis 25 is aligned parallel to the upper positioning axis 16. The lower tool 9 can be moved directly on the lower positioning axis 16 with a motor drive arrangement 26 along the positioning axis 25. Alternatively or additionally, the lower tool 9 can also be provided on a lifting drive device 27, which can be moved along the lower positioning axis 25 by means of the motor drive arrangement 26. This drive arrangement 26 is preferably designed as a spindle drive arrangement. The lower lift drive device 27 may correspond in structure to the upper lift drive device 13. Also, the motor drive assembly 26 may correspond to the motor drive assembly 17.
The lower lifting drive device 27 is also displaceably mounted on a lower horizontal frame leg 4 associated guide rails 19. Guide shoes 20 of the lifting drive device 27 run on the guide rails 19, so that the connection between the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 on the lower tool 9 can also absorb a load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the lifting drive device 27 is suspended via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19 on the machine frame 2 and at a distance from the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 of the upper lifting drive device 13. The lifting drive device 27 may include a wedge gear 21, by which the position or height of the lower tool 9 along the Z-axis is adjustable.
By the numerical control 15, both the motor drives 17 for a movement of the upper tool 11 along the upper positioning axis 16, as well as the one or more motor drives 26 for a movement of the lower tool 9 along the lower positioning axis 25 are controlled independently. Thus, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 can be moved synchronously in the direction of the Y-axis of the coordinate system. Likewise, an independent movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 are also driven in different directions. This independent movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 can be controlled at the same time. By decoupling the movement between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 increased flexibility in the machining of workpieces 10 can be achieved. Also, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 may be formed for machining the workpieces 10 in a variety of ways.
One component of the lifting drive device 13 is the wedge gear 21, which is shown in FIG. The wedge gear 21 comprises two drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123, and two output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125. The latter are structurally combined to form a structural unit in the form of a driven-side double wedge 126. At the output side double wedge 126, the plunger 12 is rotatably mounted about the lifting axis 14. A motor rotary drive device 128 is housed in the output side double wedge 126 and moves the plunger 12 when necessary along the lifting axis 14. Here, both a left and a right turn of the plunger 12 according to the double arrow in Figure 2 is possible. A plunger bearing 129 is shown schematically. On the one hand, the plunger bearing 129 allows low-friction rotational movements of the plunger 12 about the lifting axis 14, on the other hand supports the plunger bearing 129 the plunger 12 in the axial direction and accordingly carries loads acting on the plunger 12 in the direction of the lifting axis 14, in the output side double wedge 126th from.
The driven-side double wedge 126 is limited by a wedge surface 130, and by a wedge surface 131 of the output-side gear element 125. The wedge surfaces 130, 131 of the output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125 are opposed by wedge surfaces 132, 133 of the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123. By longitudinal guides 134, 135, the drive-side wedge gear member 122 and the output side wedge gear member 124 and the drive side wedge gear member 123 and the driven side wedge gear member 125 in the direction of the Y-axis, that is, in the direction of the positioning axis 16 of the Hubantriebsvorrichtung 13, guided relative to each other movable.
The drive-side wedge gear element 122 has a motor drive unit 138, the drive-side wedge gear element 123 via a motor drive unit 139. Both drive units 138, 139 together form the spindle drive arrangement 17th
Common to the motor drive units 138, 139 is the drive spindle 18 shown in FIG. 1 as well as the lifting drive device 13, 27 mounted on the machine frame 2 and consequently supporting structure side.
To the motor drive units 138, 139, the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 are operated such that they move along the positioning axis 16, for example, which results in a relative movement between the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 on the one hand and the output side wedge gear elements 124, 125 on the other hand , As a result of this relative movement of the output side double wedge 126 and the ram 12 mounted thereon is moved along the lifting axis 14 down. The punch mounted on the plunger 12, for example, as an upper tool 11 performs a working stroke and thereby machined on the workpiece support 28, 29 and the workpiece support 8 mounted workpiece 10. By an opposite movement of the drive wedge elements 122, 123, the plunger 12 is again along the Lifting axle 14 is raised or moved upwards.
The above-described lifting drive device 13 according to FIG. 2 is preferably constructed identically as the lower lift drive device 27 and accommodates the lower tool 9.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a possible stroke movement of the plunger 12. The diagram shows a stroke course along the Y-axis and the Z-axis. By a superimposed control of a movement of the plunger 12 along the lifting axis 14 and along the positioning axis 16, for example, an oblique lifting movement of the Hubstößels 12 down to the workpiece 10 to be driven, as shown by the first straight line A. Subsequently, after the stroke has been carried out, the plunger 12 can be lifted vertically, for example, as shown by the straight line B. Subsequently, for example, an exclusive movement takes place along the Y-axis in accordance with the straight line C, in order to position the plunger 12 for the workpiece 10 for a new working position. Subsequently, for example, the work sequence described above can be repeated. If, for a subsequent processing step, the workpiece 10 is moved on the workpiece support surface 28, 29, a movement along the straight line C can also be dispensed with.
The illustrated in the diagram in Figure 3 possible stroke movement of the plunger 12 on the upper tool 11 is preferably combined with a stationary held lower tool 9. In this case, the lower tool 9 is positioned within the machine frame 2 such that at the end of a working stroke of the upper tool 11, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 occupy a defined position.
This exemplary superimposed stroke course can be controlled both for the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9. Depending on the processing of the workpiece 10 to be carried out, a superimposed lifting movement of the upper tool and / or lower tool 11, 9 can be actuated.
4 shows a schematic diagram illustrating a lifting movement of the plunger 12 according to the exemplary illustrated line D along a Y-axis and a Z-axis. Notwithstanding Figure 3 is provided in this embodiment, that a lifting movement of the plunger 12 can undergo a curve or arc curve by a superposition of the movements in the Y direction and Z direction is controlled accordingly by the controller 15. Such a flexible superimposition of the movement movements in the X and Z directions allows specific machining tasks to be solved. The control of such a curve can be provided for the upper tool 11 and / or lower tool 9.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the machine tool 1 according to FIG. On the machine frame 2 of the machine tool 1 extends laterally in each case a workpiece support 28, 29. The workpiece support 28 may for example be assigned to a loading station, not shown, through which unprocessed workpieces 10 are placed on the workpiece support surface 28. Adjacent to the workpiece support surface 28, 29 is a feed device 22, which comprises a plurality of grippers 23 in order to grasp the workpiece 10 placed on the workpiece support 28. By means of the feed device 22, the workpiece 10 is passed through the machine frame 2 in the X direction. Preferably, the feed device 22 can also be moved in the Y direction. As a result, a free movement of the workpiece 10 in the X-Y plane can be provided. Depending on the work task, the workpiece 10 can be moved by the feed device 22 both in the X direction and counter to the X direction. This movement of the workpiece 10 can be adapted to a movement of the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 in and counter to the Y direction for the respective processing task.
The workpiece support 28 opposite the other workpiece support 29 is provided on the machine frame 2. This may for example be associated with an unloading station. Alternatively, the loading and unloading of the unprocessed workpiece 10 and machined workpiece 10 with workpieces 81 may also be assigned to the same workpiece support 28, 29.
The machine tool 1 can furthermore have a laser processing device 201, in particular a laser cutting machine, which is shown only schematically in a plan view in FIG. This laser processing device 201 can be designed, for example, as a CO 2 laser cutting machine. The laser processing device 201 comprises a laser source 202, which generates a laser beam 203, which is guided by means of a beam guide 204 shown schematically to a laser processing head, in particular laser cutting head 206, and focused in this. Thereafter, the laser beam 204 is aligned by a cutting nozzle perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 10 to machine the workpiece 10. The laser beam 203 preferably acts on the workpiece 10 at the processing location, in particular the cutting location, together with a process gas jet. The cutting point at which the laser beam 203 impinges on the workpiece 10 is adjacent to the processing point of the upper tool 11 and lower tool. 9
The laser cutting head 206 can be moved by a linear drive 207 with a linear axis system at least in the Y direction, preferably in the Y and Z directions. This linear axis system, which receives the laser cutting head 206, may be associated with, attached to, or integrated with the machine frame 2. Below a working space of the laser cutting head 206, a beam passage opening may be provided in the workpiece support 28. Preferably, a beam collecting device for the laser beam 21 may be provided below the beam passage opening. The beam passage opening and optionally the beam collecting device can also be designed as a structural unit.
Alternatively, the laser processing device 201 may also comprise a solid-state laser as the laser source 202, the radiation of which is guided to the laser cutting head 206 by means of a light-conducting cable.
The workpiece support 28, 29 may extend directly to the workpiece support 8, which surrounds the lower tool 9 at least partially. Within a free space resulting therebetween, the lower tool 9 is movable along the lower positioning axis 25 in and counter to the Y direction.
On the workpiece support 28 is for example a machined workpiece 10, in which a workpiece part 81 is cut free from a cutting gap 83, for example by a punching or by a laser beam processing to a residual compound 82. By this residual connection, the workpiece 81 is held in the workpiece 10 and the remaining skeleton. To separate the workpiece part 81 from the workpiece 10, the workpiece 10 is positioned by means of the feed device 22 to the upper and lower tool 11, 9 for a stamping and Ausschleusschritt. In this case, the residual compound 82 is separated by a punching stroke of the upper tool 11 to the lower tool 9. The workpiece part 81 can be discharged, for example, by partially lowering the workpiece support 8 down. Alternatively, with larger workpiece parts 81, the cut-free workpiece part 81 can be transferred back to the workpiece support 28 or onto the workpiece support 29 in order to unload the workpiece part 81 and the residual grid. Also, small workpiece parts 81 may optionally be discharged through an opening in the lower tool 9.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a tool 31. FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the tool 31 according to FIG. 6. The tool 31 is designed as a punching tool and comprises a punch 11, which forms the upper tool, and a punching die 9, which forms the lower tool. The punch 11 has a base body 33 with a clamping shaft 34 and an adjusting or indexing element or an adjusting or Indexierkeil 36. The clamping shaft 34 serves to fix the punch 11 in the machine-side upper tool holder. The orientation of the punch 11 or the rotational position of the punch 11 is determined by the Indexierkeil 36. The punch 11 is rotated about a position axis 35. This position axis 35 forms a longitudinal axis of the clamping shaft 34 and preferably also a longitudinal axis of the main body 33. By taking the rotational position of the punch 11 in the upper tool holder alignment of a machining tool 37, which is shown in the embodiment as a cutting tool, the punching die 9. Die Punching die 9 also comprises a base body 41, which is adapted to be fixed in the machine-side lower tool holder with a defined rotational position, for example by at least one Indexierelement 42. Here, the punching die 9 is rotatable about a position axis 48. This forms a longitudinal axis or longitudinal central axis of the main body 41. Between the punch 11 and the punching die 9 may be provided a scraper or hold-down, which is not shown in detail.
The punching die 9 has an opening 46 in the main body 41, which is preferably delimited by a peripheral bearing surface 47. This opening 46 preferably completely penetrates the main body 41, so that through this opening 46 die-cut or cut-free workpiece parts 81 can be discharged.
The machining tool 37 on the punch 11 comprises a tool body 39, at the free end of a cutting edge 38 is provided. This cutting edge 38 may be circumferential. Alternatively, the cutting edge 38 may be formed only in the region of a Abstanzfläche 56. A longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is inclined at an angle α to the position axis 35. The longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is located outside the position axis 35. In the exemplary embodiment, the tool body 39 is formed as an elongated rectangular body. At the free end of the tool body 49, a punch surface 43 is provided, which is bounded by the cutting edge 38. The stamp face 43 is preferably aligned at right angles to the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39. Alternatively it can be provided that instead of the oblong rectangular tool body 39, a square, round, elliptical or otherwise contoured tool body 39 is provided, wherein in all forms of the tool body, a longitudinal axis 40 is aligned inclined to the position axis 35.
The punching die 9 comprises in the opening 46 preferably adjacent to the support surface 37 an inner counter-cutting edge 51. This inner counter-cutting edge 51 is provided on a support surface 61 which protrudes from the support surface 47 and is inclined at an angle corresponding to the angle of the die surface 43 , An adjacent to the inner counter-cutting edge 51 Abstanzfläche 56 may advantageously be formed parallel to the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 and is perpendicular to the support surface 61. Preferably, the Abstanzfläche 56 is inclined relative to a perpendicular to the support surface 61, for example by 1 ° to 2 °, so that the Abstanzfläche 55 is aligned at an angle of less than 90 ° to the support surface 61. This Abstanzfläche 56 corresponds to a the outer side of the tool body 39 forming wall, starting from the cutting edge 38th
By means of this tool 31 it is made possible that on a machined workpiece 10 with a folded edge 62 introduced therein in the region of the fold 62 a rectangular cutting edge is made possible when punching a raised residual part. The support surface 61 is aligned relative to the support surface 47 at an angle corresponding to the angle of the fold with respect to the workpiece plane of the workpiece 10. The longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 on the punch 11 in turn is aligned as normal to the fold 62.
By the independent control of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 in the machine tool 1 along the positioning axes 16, 25 and an independent control of a lifting movement along the lifting axis 14, 30, a linear lifting movement along an inclined axis can be controlled. Also, any curved lifting movement or an arcuate lifting movement can be controlled. In the case of the present tool 31 according to FIGS. 6 and 7, for example, the punching die 9 can be actuated in a stationary manner in the machine tool 1 during a working step, whereas the punch 11 is driven with a lifting movement along an inclined axis. This inclined axis corresponds to the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39. As a result, a rectangular edge of the part can be produced at the fold 62.
FIG. 8 shows a side view of an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to FIG. FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the tool 31 according to FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the punch 11 corresponds to the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7.
The punching die 9 deviates from the embodiment in FIGS. 6 and 7 in the embodiment of the inner counter-cutting edge 51. The inner counter-cutting edge 31 is positioned, for example, flush with the support surface 37. At the inner opposite edge 51, a Abstanzfläche 56 connects, which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 in the orientation.
By this tool 31, in turn, an oblique punching stroke is possible. In this case, an oblique edge of the part is produced on a flat workpiece 10. The angular position of the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 and correspondingly the alignment of the cutting surface 56 determines the angular position of the end face of the workpiece 10 or Workpiece part 81.
FIG. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to FIG. FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the tool 31 according to FIG. 10 in a sectional view. In this tool 31, the punch 11 corresponds with its tool body 39 of the embodiment according to FIG 6. In this embodiment is provided by way of example that the punch 11 is formed in two parts. The clamping shaft 34 and the tool body 39 are integrally and preferably secured by a clamping connection to the base body 33. The punching die 9 is designed such that a counter cutting insert 50 is provided on the punching die 9. This counter cutting insert 50 can be provided interchangeable, for example, on the main body 41 of the punching die 9. This counter cutting insert 50 comprises at least one inner counter cutting edge 51 which is associated with the opening 46 in the base body 41 of the punching die 9. This counter cutting insert 50 is designed to form an overhead chamfer 64 on the workpiece 10 in cooperation with the upper tool 11. This chamfer 64 is shown for example in the sectional view in FIG. 11.
For this purpose, the counter cutting insert 50 has a U-shaped recess which is bounded in each case by an inner counter-cutting edge 51 which, for example, are aligned perpendicular to the bearing surface 47 of the punching die. The distance of the counter-cutting edges 51 is adapted to the width of the tool body 39 and the cutting edge 38. As a result, a defined length of the chamfer 64 can be introduced in one working stroke. The counter cutting insert 50 comprises a support surface 61, which is raised relative to the support surface 67. At this support surface 61 is an end face of the workpiece 10 at.
By a driven for example along the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 lifting movement of the upper tool 11, for example, a 45 ° bevel can be attached. When resting and engaging the cutting edge 38 of the upper tool 11 on the workpiece 10, this is pressed against the support surface 61 on the counter cutting insert 50. Subsequently, by dipping the punch surface 43 with the at least one cutting edge 38 disposed thereon against the U-shaped opening, which is bounded by the counter cutting edges 51, sheared material. The sheared material is discharged via the opening 46 down.
By a stepwise lateral movement of the workpiece 10, a chamfer 64 can be introduced over a larger area of the end face on the workpiece 10. This can be done for example by a movement of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 along the Y-axis or, if the machined end face of the workpiece 10 is aligned along the X-axis, by the control of the feed device 22nd
FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 in a working position. FIG. 13 shows the tool 31 according to FIG. 12 in a further perspective sectional view.
This tool 31 according to FIGS. 12 and 13 differs from the tool 31 according to FIGS. 10 and 11 in that the chamfer 64 is introduced on an underside of the workpiece 10. The upper tool 11 corresponds to the embodiment according to the tool 31 in FIG. 10 or FIG. 6. The punching die 9, unlike the embodiment according to FIG. 10, has an alternative embodiment of the counterblade insert 50. This counter cutting insert 50 is associated with the opening 46 in the base body 41 of the punching die 9. This counter cutting insert 50 also has a passage opening 52 into which the tool body 39 of the upper tool 11 can at least partially submerge during a working stroke. The passage opening 52 of the counter cutting insert 50 is adapted to the geometry of the tool body 39, in particular the stamp surface 43 and the at least one cutting edge 38 provided thereon. An upper side of the counter cutting insert 50 is aligned flush with the bearing surface 47 of the main body 41 of the punching die 9.
To introduce a chamfer 64 on a lower end edge of the workpiece 10, this is positioned to the passage opening 52 so that after a first lifting phase, a lower cutting edge 38 abuts a boundary of the through hole 52 and can be passed, whereas the cutting edge 38 on the end face of the workpiece 10 attacks. During a further lifting movement, the tool body 39 is supported on the passage opening 52 and the chamfer 64 is introduced through the cutting edge 38. At a counter cutting edge 51, the workpiece 10 is supported.
For holding down the workpiece 10 on the support surface 47 may be provided on the workpiece upper side of the workpiece 10 is not shown Gegenmatrize or a hold-down, which is preferably plate-shaped.
The chamfer 64 may be a constructive component of a workpiece 10 to be produced. Likewise, a deburring of the workpiece 10 can be performed. In addition, the introduction of this bevel 64 or flattening can also be a preparatory step for forming a welding edge.
FIG. 14 shows a schematic view of a further alternative embodiment of the tool 31. In this embodiment, the machining tool 37 is designed as a signing and / or engraving tool. The orientation of the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is again aligned perpendicular to the fold 62 on the workpiece 10. The independent activation of the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 makes it possible for a marking, inscription or the like to be introduced into the surface of the fold.
FIG. 15 shows an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to FIG. 14. In this embodiment, it is provided that the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is inclined more strongly with respect to the position axis 35. For example, this inclination may include 90 ° to the position axis 35. In such an embodiment, it is possible that an end face of the workpiece 10 or a workpiece part 81 engraved and / or signed and / or edited.
FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of an alternative tool 31 to FIG. 14. In this embodiment, it is provided that the machining tool 37 is designed as a stamping tool. On an end face of the tool body 39, for example, an embossing element 270 is provided. This may be for example a letter, a number, a symbol or the like. For introducing this embossment, the stamp face 43 of the tool body 39 is preferably aligned parallel to the surface of the fold 62, or to the inclination of the support face 61.
FIG. 17 shows an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to FIG. 16. The machining tool 37 is designed as a forming tool. For example, a forming element 271 is provided on the punch surface 43 of the inclined tool body 39, through which a forming contour can be introduced into a fold 62 on the workpiece 10. In the support surface 61, a Gegenumformelement 272 is shown, which corresponds to the forming element 271 in the course of the contour. For example, a cup-shaped recess in the fold 62 is formed by this machining tool 37, since the deformation element 271 is formed as a frusto-conical elevation and the counter-form element 272 complementary thereto. Alternatively, a longitudinal bead, V-bead or other contours can be introduced into the fold 62. It can also be provided that, instead of introducing a deformation into the fold, a stamping punch is provided which introduces an opening or recess into the fold 62. This recess can again be varied in the contour and comprise various geometries. Also, instead of the forming element 271, a stamped and bent element may be provided in order to introduce into the fold 62, for example, a gill. The configuration of the tool body 39 or the machining and / or cutting tools arranged in detail on the stamp face 43 of the inclined tool body 39 can be varied.
FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to FIG. 6. In this tool 31 as well along the longitudinal axis 40 to the position axis 48 inclined tool body 39 is provided. The machining tool 37 is designed as a pivoting bending tool. For this purpose, the tool body 39 has at its front end a punch surface 43, which has a curved or rounded contour or a radius of curvature to form a bending edge 274.
The lower tool 9 in turn comprises a base body 41 with a bearing surface 47, which surrounds an opening 46. The opening 46 delimiting a counter-bending edge 275 is formed on the lower tool 9. The counter-bending edge 275 is preferably equal in length or longer than the bending edge 274 on the upper tool 11. In dependence on the contour, the thickness and / or the course of the Gegenbiegekante 275, the fold 62 can be pivoted relative to the workpiece 10 from the plane and deformed , In the exemplary embodiment, the counter-bending edge 275 is formed as a thin segment-shaped thin disk. As a result, a fold 62 can be bent over at an angle of more than 90 ° to the workpiece plane of the workpiece 10. This will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 19 to 22.
FIG. 19 shows a schematic sectional view of the tool 31 according to FIG. 18 in a first working position. On the lower tool 9, the workpiece 10 rests on the support surface 47. A U-shaped cut-free flap, which is to reshape the fold 62, lies above the opening 46 of the lower tool 9. In a first step, the upper tool 11 along the lifting axis 14 and the position axis 35 is moved to the lower tool 9 until the bending edge 274 for Plant on the workpiece 10 comes. In this case, the bending edge 274 is offset in relation to the opposite bending edge 275 inwardly in the direction of the opening 46. As a result of a further lifting movement of the upper tool 11 into the opening 46 of the lower tool 9, a first deformation of the fold 62 takes place, as shown in FIG.
With increasing stroke movement of the upper tool 11 relative to the lower tool 9, a deformation of the fold 62 by 90 °, as shown in Figure 21. As soon as the upper tool 11 moves in a further step along the upper positioning axis 16 in the direction of the Gegenbiegekante 275, the fold 62 is further bent so that an angle between the workpiece 10 and the fold 62 can be formed smaller than 90 °.
A bending radius between the workpiece 10 and the fold 62 is dependent on the distance between the bending edge 274 and the Gegenbiegekante 275. The smaller the distance, the smaller the radius of curvature.
FIG. 23 shows a further alternative embodiment of a tool 31 to FIG. In this embodiment, it is provided that starting from a manufactured fold 62 at an angle to the workpiece 10, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, a tool 31 according to Figure 23 is used, in which the machining tool 37 is formed as a forming tool , The tool body 39 again has a bending edge 274 at its front end. The embodiment of the upper tool 11 may correspond to the embodiment according to FIG.
The lower tool 9 comprises a bearing surface 61, which is raised relative to the bearing surface 47 and inclined, and a stamping surface 56. A counter-bending edge 275 is provided between the bearing surface 61 and the stamping surface 56. By a linear and relative to the position axis 35 inclined lifting movement, in particular along the inclined longitudinal axis 40 of the upper tool 11, the first fold 62 can be folded again, so that subsequently a second fold 65 is formed, which is preferably aligned in the opposite direction to the fold 62 , After the linear lifting movement of the upper tool 11 to the lower tool 9 along the longitudinal axis 40 or parallel to the Abstanzfläche 56, the upper tool 11 can be lifted.

Claims

Tool for processing plate-shaped workpieces (10), in particular of sheets, with an upper tool (11) and with a lower tool (9), which are movable towards one another for machining a workpiece (10) arranged therebetween,

- wherein the upper tool (11) has a clamping shaft (34) and a base body (33), which comprise a common position axis (35), and a machining tool (37), which the clamping shaft (34) opposite to the base body (33) is arranged and

- wherein the lower tool (9) has a base body (41), which comprises a bearing surface (47) for the workpiece (10) and an opening (46) located within the bearing surface (47),

characterized,

- That on the workpiece (10) acting on the machining tool (37) has a machining tool (37) receiving tool body (39) having a longitudinal axis (40) which is inclined relative to the position axis (35) of the upper tool (11).
Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machining tool (37) relative to the position axis (35) is inclined in an angular range of up to 90 °.
Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machining tool (37) is designed as a cutting tool and at the free end of the tool body (39) at least one cutting edge (38) is provided.
A tool according to claim 3, characterized in that a punch surface (43) on which at least one cutting edge (38) is provided is oriented at right angles to the longitudinal axis (40) of the tool body (39) and at the lower tool (9) one in the opening (46) positioned counter cutting edge (51) is provided.
Tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the counter-cutting edge (51) in the bearing surface (47) of the base body (41), the lower tool (9) or relative to the support surface (47) in the direction of the upper tool (11) is increased.
Tool according to Claim 4, characterized in that a support surface (61) adjoining the counter-cutting edge (51) is inclined relative to the bearing surface (47) on the base body (41) of the lower tool (9) and preferably opposite to this in the direction of the upper tool (11 protruding).
Tool according to claim 4 to 6, characterized in that on the counter cutting edge (51) adjacent a Abstanzfläche (56) is provided, which is inclined or parallel to the longitudinal axis (40) of the tool body (39) aligned.
Tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the Abstanzfläche (56) spaced a Gegenmatrize is provided.
Tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the support surface (61) is adapted at an angle to an upstand (62) on the workpiece (10) to be machined.
Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machining tool (37) is designed as a signing and / or engraving tool.
Tool according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that as the machining tool (37) an embossing tool with a stamping element (270) is provided.
Tool according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a bending and / or forming tool is provided as a machining tool (37).
Tool according to claim 12, characterized in that the tool body (39) as a bending tool with at least one bending edge (274) or as a forming tool with a punch surface (43) and arranged thereon forming element (271) is formed.
Machine tool for processing plate-shaped workpieces, preferably of sheet metal,

- with an upper tool (11), which along a lifting axis (14) with a lifting drive device (13) in the direction of a with the upper tool (11) to be machined workpiece (10) and in the opposite direction is movable and which along a perpendicular to the Hubachse ( 14) extending upper positioning axis (16) is positionable and with a drive arrangement (17) along the upper positioning axis (16) is movable,

- With a lower tool (9) which is aligned with the upper tool (11) and which along a lower lifting axis (30) with a Hubantriebvorrichtung (27) in the direction of the upper tool (11) is movable and along a lower positioning axis (25) can be positioned , which is aligned perpendicular to the lifting axis (14) of the upper tool (11) and with a drive arrangement (26) along the lower positioning axis (25) is movable,

- With a controller (15) through which the drive assemblies (17, 26) for moving the upper and lower tool (11, 9) are controllable,

characterized,

- That the movement of movement of the upper tool (11) along the upper positioning axis (16) and the movement of the lower tool (9) along the lower positioning axis (25) are each independently controllable, and

- That a tool according to one of claims 1 to 12 is provided for machining workpieces, in which the upper tool (11) and / or the lower tool (9) with a lying outside the lifting axis (14, 30) lifting movement can be controlled.
Method for processing plate-shaped workpieces, preferably sheets,

- In which an upper tool (11) along a lifting axis (14) with a lifting drive device (13) in the direction of a with the upper tool (11) to be machined workpiece (10) and in the opposite direction is movable and which along a perpendicular to the lifting axis (14) extending upper positioning axis (16) is positionable, with a drive arrangement (17) along the upper positioning axis (16) is moved,

in which a lower tool (9), which is aligned with the upper tool (11) and can be positioned along a lower positioning axis (25) which is aligned perpendicular to the lifting axis (14) of the upper tool (11), with a drive arrangement (26) along the lower positioning axis (25) is moved,

in which the drive arrangements (17, 26) for controlling the upper and lower tool (11, 9) are actuated by a control (15),

characterized,

- That a tool (31) is used according to one of claims 1 to 13 for machining the workpieces (10) and

- In which the upper tool (11) and / or the lower tool (9) is driven with a lying outside the lifting axis (14, 30) lifting movement.
A method according to claim 15, characterized in that with respect to the lifting axis (14, 30) inclined linear lifting movement or with respect to the lifting axis (14, 30) curved or arcuate lifting movement is controlled.
A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the upper tool (11) is moved by a lifting movement along the lifting axis (14) on the lower tool (9) and then along an upper positioning axis (16) to the stationary positioned lower tool (9).
A method according to claim 15, characterized in that for aligning a cutting gap in the workpiece (10) and / or setting a kerf width between the cutting edge (38) of the punch (11) and the inner or outer counter cutting edge (51, 52) of the punching die ( 9)

- The punch (11) and / or the punching die (9) by a rotational movement about their position axes (35, 48) set and aligned with each other, or

- The punch (11) and / or the punching die (9) along the respective positioning axis (16, 25) are moved, or

- The punch (11) and / or the punching die (9) by a superposition of the rotational movement about their position axes (35, 48) and the movement along the positioning axes (16, 25) are driven.
A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the upper tool (11) by a lifting movement along the lifting axis (14) on the lower tool (9) and then along an upper positioning (16) is moved to the lower positioned lower tool (9) and thereby a Swivel bending movement a fold (62) is formed.