EP3515617B1 - Tool, machine tool, and method for machining planar workpieces - Google Patents

Description

Tool and machine tool as well as methods for machining plate-shaped workpieces

The invention relates to a tool and a machine tool as well as a method for machining plate-shaped workpieces, preferably sheet metal.

Such a machine tool is from EP 2 527 058 B1 known. This document discloses a machine tool in the form of a press for processing workpieces, an upper tool being provided on a lifting device which can be moved along a lifting axis in the direction of the workpiece and in the opposite direction relative to a workpiece to be processed. In the stroke axis and opposite the upper tool, a lower tool is provided, which is positioned on an underside. A lifting drive device for a lifting movement of the upper tool is controlled by a wedge gear. The lifting drive device with the upper tool arranged on it can be moved along a positioning axis. The lower tool is moved synchronously with the upper tool.

From the DE 10 2006 049 044 A1 (Basis for the preambles of claims 1 and 12) a tool for reshaping workpieces is known which comprises an upper tool on which a roller is provided which is rotatable about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the position axis of the upper tool. As a processing device, this roller has a conical forming surface. A counter-roller is provided on the lower tool within the support surface on the base body of the lower tool. This counter roller can be rotated about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the position axis of the lower tool. The axis of rotation of the roller on the upper tool is therefore aligned parallel to that of the lower tool. To machine a workpiece, the upper tool and lower tool are moved towards one another in the stroke direction until the workpiece to be machined is clamped between the roller of the upper tool and the counter roller of the lower tool. They work in the clamped state Forming surface of the roller and the opposite surface of the counter roller in the stroke direction together. By moving the workpiece in a horizontal plane between the upper tool and the lower tool, a deformation, in particular a shoulder, is created on the workpiece in a continuous manner. The upper tool and lower tool are arranged stationary in the machine tool.

From the DE 10 2005 003 558 A1 a tool for reshaping workpieces is known which comprises an upper tool on which a roller with a groove-shaped recess is provided. This roller can be rotated about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the positioning axis of the upper tool. A counter roller is provided on the lower tool within the support surface on the base body of the lower tool. This counter roller is rotatably received about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the positioning axis of the lower tool. To machine a workpiece, the upper tool and lower tool are moved towards one another in the stroke direction until the workpiece to be machined is clamped between the roller of the upper tool and the counter roller of the lower tool. The deformation is introduced by moving the workpiece in a horizontal plane between the upper tool and the lower tool. An analog tool goes out EP 0 757 926 B1 emerged. Furthermore, a tool with an aforementioned structure from FIG US 8,042,369 B2 known.

From the U.S. 5,787,775 A a cutting tool in a punch press is known in which the cutting tool is freely rotatable about a stroke axis oriented perpendicular to the workpiece plane of the workpiece to be machined. The rotating cutting knife on the upper tool interacts with a counter-cutting tool that is fixedly arranged on the lower tool. The upper tool can be rotated synchronously with the lower tool to introduce a cutting movement, the two lifting axes being aligned congruently to one another.

The invention is based on the object of proposing a tool and a machine tool as well as a method for machining plate-shaped workpieces, by means of which the flexibility in the machining of workpieces is increased.

The object on which the invention is based is achieved by a tool for machining plate-shaped workpieces, in particular sheet metal, which has an upper tool consisting of a clamping pin and a base body which lie in a common position axis and a machining tool arranged opposite the clamping shaft and on the base body has at least one machining edge, as well as a lower tool, which comprises a base body with a support surface for the workpiece and with at least one opposing edge provided on the base body and a position axis located in the base body, which is oriented perpendicular to the support surface. The upper tool and lower tool can be moved towards one another in a lifting movement for machining a workpiece arranged between them. A machining plane is formed between the upper tool and the lower tool. The at least one machining edge of the machining tool on the upper tool extends at least partially along a hold-down surface. The counter tool body is designed as a counter roller. The at least one mating edge of the mating tool lies opposite the at least one machining edge of the machining tool. Adjacent to the at least one mating edge, a machining device of the mating tool body is provided, which has at least one curved mating surface aligned in the longitudinal direction of the machining edge of the machining tool. This tool creates a machining tool in which machining of the workpiece is made possible by a pendulum stroke. During the pendulum stroke, the upper and / or lower tool is moved in succession along the machining plane, that is to say alternately with one another. During the When moving, the machining edge of the machining tool and the opposite edge of the counter-tool body act on the workpiece in order to keep it clamped. The curved mating surface of the machining device on the mating tool body, which protrudes from the machining edge on the machining tool, results in machining of the workpiece, such as cutting, punching, embossing and / or forming. The counter-tool body, which is designed as a counter-roller, can reduce friction between the lower tool and the workpiece to be machined during the pendulum stroke.

It is preferably provided that the at least one machining edge of the machining tool on the upper tool extends along the entire base body of the upper tool. This enables a maximum length of a working stroke or pendulum stroke for introducing a machining contour into the workpiece.

It is advantageously provided that the machining edge is aligned perpendicular to the position axis. As a result, simple force relationships can be given and, in addition, increased deformation forces can be achieved. It is preferably provided that the machining tool crosses the position axis, thereby even better conditions can be achieved during the machining process.

A preferred embodiment of the machining tool provides that a machining surface is provided adjacent to the machining edge, which is preferably formed in a recess in the base body. In this way, for example, a machining contour can be limited in depth relative to the workpiece plane.

The recess in the base body is advantageously delimited by two machining edges of the machining tool that are spaced apart from one another. In this way, for example, a width of the contour that is introduced into the workpiece is limited.

On the lower tool, the counter-tool body designed as a counter-roller is preferably around an axis of rotation, in particular aligned perpendicular to the position axis of the lower tool. As a result, simple geometric relationships can be created that allow a high deformation force to be introduced into the workpiece.

It is preferably provided that the counter edge is provided circumferentially on the counter roller. Adjacent to the opposite edge, a support surface can be provided on the counter roller, which is aligned with the hold-down surface on the base body of the upper tool. This enables a clamping position of the workpiece to be maintained during the relative movement of the upper tool and / or lower tool for machining the workpiece, with a friction minimization being made possible in particular when the lower tool moves relative to the upper tool.

A processing surface of the processing device advantageously adjoins the opposing edge of the opposing roller. This machining surface is opposite the support surface of the counter roller. This processing surface can be designed in the form depending on the punching, cutting, embossing and / or forming process to be carried out.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the counter-roller designed as a counter-tool body has two mutually spaced-apart counter-edges, the spacing of which lies opposite the parallel-spaced processing edges of the processing tool and in the plane of the support of the lower tool and a counter-surface of the processing device extends between the counter-edges of the counter-roller, which is raised in the direction of the upper tool. This enables a defined contour to be introduced into the workpiece by the machining device when the upper tool and the lower tool are moved towards one another for transfer to a processing position in which the workpiece is held clamped between the upper tool and the lower tool. The processing device of the counter roller preferably engages in the recess on the base body.

It is preferably provided that the counter surface of the machining device on the counter roller is provided as a forming surface. In this way, for example, a bead can be introduced. The contour of the bead is a function of the cross-sectional geometry of the machining device and / or the course of the depression which adjoins at least one machining edge or runs between the two machining edges that are parallel to one another. Furthermore, the mating surface on the mating roller can have at least one cutting edge. In this case, the machining edge on the upper tool and the opposite edge on the counter roller can hold the workpiece in a defined position, the cutting edge dipping into the recess on the upper tool and making a cut in the workpiece. Furthermore, it can alternatively be provided that the opposing surface of the machining device has a forming surface and a cutting edge. In this way, for example, gills can be introduced into the workpiece. Another alternative embodiment of the opposing surface of the machining device provides that it has two cutting edges which are aligned with the machining edges on the upper tool. This allows a strip of material to be cut out of the workpiece.

Another preferred embodiment of the machining tool on the upper tool provides that the machining surface of the machining tool is designed as a support roller in the depression. In this way, additional friction minimization can be achieved during the machining process for introducing a contour into the workpiece.

The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a machine tool for machining plate-shaped workpieces, in which a tool according to one of the embodiments described above is used and the movement of the upper tool along the upper positioning axis and the movement of the lower tool the lower positioning axis can be controlled independently of one another. In this way, a pendulum stroke for introducing a machining contour into the workpiece can be controlled and carried out. During the pendulum stroke, there is a successive movement of the upper tool and the lower tool along the processing plane between the upper and lower tool, the length of the respective movement being limited to the effect that the workpiece is held clamped between the upper tool and the lower tool. The machining contour can be a contour introduced by a punching, cutting, embossing and / or reshaping process.

The object on which the invention is based is achieved by a method for processing plate-shaped workpieces, in particular sheet metal, in which a tool according to one of the above-described embodiment is used and the upper tool and the lower tool are controlled with a stroke movement for machining the workpiece, so that the Workpiece is held clamped between the upper tool and the lower tool and, for machining the workpiece, the upper tool and the lower tool are rotated individually or together relative to the position axis of the upper and lower tool or the upper tool and the lower tool move individually or together relative to one another along the positioning axis or the upper tool and the lower tool are rotated individually or jointly relative to one another about the position axis and moved individually or jointly to one another along the positioning axis. This machining of the workpiece has the advantage that the workpiece can be kept stationary during the machining. The machining of the workpiece, such as a punching, cutting, embossing and / or forming process, is carried out by a movement of the upper tool and / or the lower tool and / or a rotary movement of the upper and / or the lower tool relative to one another.

A preferred embodiment of the method for processing plate-shaped workpieces provides that, for processing the workpiece, after a lifting movement of the upper tool and / or the lower tool in order to keep the workpiece clamped in between, a first movement of the lower tool relative to the upper tool is triggered along the lower positioning axis so that the counter tool body is moved with respect to the machining tool along the lower positioning axis and then a movement of the upper tool along the upper positioning axis is controlled while the lower tool is held stationary. This enables machining to take place on the workpiece during the first-mentioned movement of the lower tool, the workpiece being positioned stationary or stationary relative to the upper tool. There is no relative movement between the workpiece and the upper tool. As a result, the contour is introduced into the workpiece due to the movement of the lower tool. During a subsequent movement of the upper tool, the lower tool is again held stationary, the upper tool being moved in order to be positioned again in a starting position relative to the lower tool in order to carry out a subsequent working stroke or pendulum stroke. In this starting position, for example, the position axes of the upper and lower tools can be aligned.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the movement of the upper tool and the lower tool relative to one another along the upper and lower positioning axes are controlled with a maximum working stroke, during which the workpiece is held clamped by the machining edge of the machining tool on the upper tool and the counter surface of the machining device on the lower body .

A further preferred embodiment of the method provides that during the machining of the workpiece, in particular during the movement of the lower tool with respect to the stationary upper tool, a distance between the hold-down surface of the upper tool and the Support surface of the lower tool is kept constant. As a result, constant conditions can be created while the workpiece is being machined.

• Figur 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Werkzeugmaschine,
• Figur 2 eine schematisierte Darstellung des grundsätzlichen Aufbaus einer Hubantriebsvorrichtung und eines motorischen Antriebes gemäß Figur 1,
• Figur 3 ein schematisches Diagramm einer überlagerten Hubbewegung in Y- und Z-Richtung des Stößels gemäß Figur 1,
• Figur 4 ein schematisches Diagramm einer weiteren überlagerten Hubbewegung in Y- und Z-Richtung des Stößels gemäß Figur 1,
• Figur 5 eine schematische Ansicht von oben auf die Werkzeugmaschine gemäß Figur 1 mit Werkstückauflageflächen,
• Figur 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Werkzeuges gemäß der Erfindung
• Figur 7 eine schematische Schnittansicht des Werkzeugs gemäß Figur 6,
• Figuren 8 bis 10 schematische Seitenansichten des Werkzeugs gemäß Figur 6 von aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten zum Bearbeiten des Werkstücks,
• Figur 11 eine schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht auf das bearbeitete Werkstück gemäß den Figuren 8 bis 10,
• Figur 12 eine schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 11,
• Figur 13 eine weitere schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 11,
• Figur 14 eine weitere schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 11 und
• Figur 15 eine weitere schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform zu Figur 11.

The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described and explained in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings. Show it:

• Figure 1 a perspective view of a machine tool,
• Figure 2 a schematic representation of the basic structure of a lifting drive device and a motor drive according to Figure 1 ,
• Figure 3 a schematic diagram of a superimposed stroke movement in the Y and Z directions of the ram according to FIG Figure 1 ,
• Figure 4 a schematic diagram of a further superimposed stroke movement in the Y and Z directions of the ram according to FIG Figure 1 ,
• Figure 5 a schematic view from above of the machine tool according to FIG Figure 1 with workpiece support surfaces,
• Figure 6 a perspective view of a first embodiment of a tool according to the invention
• Figure 7 a schematic sectional view of the tool according to Figure 6 ,
• Figures 8 to 10 schematic side views of the tool according to Figure 6 of successive work steps for machining the workpiece,
• Figure 11 a schematically simplified side view of the machined workpiece according to FIG Figures 8 to 10 ,
• Figure 12 a schematically simplified side view of an alternative embodiment Figure 11 ,
• Figure 13 a further schematically simplified side view of an alternative embodiment Figure 11 ,
• Figure 14 a further schematically simplified side view of an alternative embodiment Figure 11 and
• Figure 15 a further schematically simplified side view of an alternative embodiment Figure 11 .

In Figure 1 a machine tool 1 is shown, which is designed as a punch press. This machine tool 1 includes a support structure with a closed machine frame 2. This includes two horizontal frame legs 3, 4 and two vertical frame legs 5 and 6. The machine frame 2 encloses a frame interior 7 that defines the working area of the machine tool 1 with an upper tool 11 and a lower tool 9 forms.

The machine tool 1 is used to machine plate-shaped workpieces 10, which for the sake of simplicity are shown in FIG Figure 1 are not shown and can be arranged in the frame interior 7 for processing purposes. A workpiece 10 to be machined is placed on a workpiece support 8 provided in the frame interior 7. In a recess of the workpiece support 8, the lower tool 9 is mounted on the lower horizontal frame leg 4 of the machine frame 2, for example in the form of a punching die. This punching die can be provided with a die opening. During punching, the upper tool 11, embodied as a punch, dips into the die opening of the lower tool embodied as a punching die.

The upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 can also be used as a bending punch and a bending matrix for reshaping workpieces 10 instead of a punch and a punching die.

The upper tool 11 is fixed in a tool holder at a lower end of a ram 12. The ram 12 is part of a lifting drive device 13, by means of which the upper tool 11 can be moved in a lifting direction along a lifting axis 14. The stroke axis 14 runs in the direction of the Z axis of the coordinate system in FIG Figure 1 indicated numerical control 15 of the machine tool 1. The lifting drive device 13 can be perpendicular to the lifting axis 14 along a positioning axis 16 in the direction of the Be moved with the double arrow. The positioning axis 16 runs in the direction of the Y-direction of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. The lifting drive device 13 receiving the upper tool 11 is moved along the positioning axis 16 by means of a motor drive 17.

The movement of the plunger 12 along the stroke axis 14 and the positioning of the stroke drive device 13 along the positioning axis 16 take place by means of a motor drive 17 in the form of a drive arrangement 17, in particular a spindle drive arrangement, with a drive spindle extending in the direction of the positioning axis 16 and firmly connected to the machine frame 2 18. The lifting drive device 13 is guided during movements along the positioning axis 16 on three guide rails 19 of the upper frame leg 3, of which in FIG Figure 1 two guide rails 19 can be seen. The remaining guide rail 19 runs parallel to the visible guide rail 19 and is spaced from this in the direction of the X-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. Guide shoes 20 of lifting drive device 13 run on guide rails 19. The mutual engagement of guide rail 19 and guide shoes 20 is such that this connection between guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 can also absorb a load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the lifting device 13 is suspended on the machine frame 2 via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19. A further component of the lifting drive device 13 is a wedge gear 21, by means of which a position of the upper tool 11 relative to the lower tool 9 can be adjusted.

The lower tool 9 is received such that it can be moved along a lower positioning axis 25. This lower positioning axis 25 runs in the direction of the Y-axis of the coordinate system of the numerical control 15. The lower positioning axis 25 is preferably aligned parallel to the upper positioning axis 16. The lower tool 9 can be connected directly to the lower positioning axis 16 with a motorized Drive arrangement 26 can be moved along positioning axis 25. As an alternative or in addition, the lower tool 9 can also be provided on a lifting drive device 27, which can be moved along the lower positioning axis 25 by means of the motorized drive arrangement 26. This drive arrangement 26 is preferably designed as a spindle drive arrangement. The lower lifting drive device 27 can correspond in structure to the upper lifting drive device 13. The motor drive arrangement 26 can also correspond to the motor drive arrangement 17.

The lower lifting drive device 27 is also slidably mounted on guide rails 19 assigned to a lower horizontal frame leg 4. Guide shoes 20 of the lifting drive device 27 run on the guide rails 19 so that the connection between the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 on the lower tool 9 can also absorb a load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the lifting drive device 27 is also suspended via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19 on the machine frame 2 and spaced apart from the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 of the upper lifting drive device 13. The lifting drive device 27 can also comprise a wedge gear 21, by means of which the position or height of the lower tool 9 can be adjusted along the Z-axis.

The numerical control 15 can control both the motorized drives 17 for moving the upper tool 11 along the upper positioning axis 16 and the motorized drive or drives 26 for moving the lower tool 9 along the lower positioning axis 25 independently of one another. The upper and lower tools 11, 9 can thus be moved synchronously in the direction of the Y axis of the coordinate system. An independent movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 can also be controlled in different directions. This independent movement of the upper and lower tools 11, 9 can be controlled at the same time. By decoupling the Movement between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9, increased flexibility in the machining of workpieces 10 can be achieved. The upper and lower tools 11, 9 for machining the workpieces 10 can also be designed in a variety of ways.

A component of the lifting drive device 13 is the wedge gear 21, which is shown in Figure 2 is shown. The wedge gear 21 comprises two drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 as well as two driven-side wedge gear elements 124, 125. The latter are structurally combined to form a structural unit in the form of a driven-side double wedge 126. The plunger 12 is rotatably mounted about the stroke axis 14 on the double wedge 126 on the output side. A motorized rotary drive device 128 is accommodated in the double wedge 126 on the output side and moves the plunger 12 along the stroke axis 14 if necessary. Both left and right rotation of the plunger 12 is possible according to the double arrow in FIG Figure 2 possible. A plunger bearing 129 is shown schematically. On the one hand, the tappet bearing 129 allows low-friction rotational movements of the tappet 12 about the stroke axis 14, and on the other hand, the tappet bearing 129 supports the tappet 12 in the axial direction and accordingly carries loads that act on the tappet 12 in the direction of the stroke axis 14 into the double wedge 126 on the output side from.

The double wedge 126 on the output side is delimited by a wedge surface 130 and by a wedge surface 131 of the transmission element 125 on the output side. Wedge surfaces 132, 133 of the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 lie opposite the wedge surfaces 130, 131 of the output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125. The drive-side wedge gear element 122 and the output-side wedge gear element 124, as well as the drive-side wedge gear element 123 and the output-side wedge gear element 125 are guided in the direction of the Y-axis, i.e. in the direction of the positioning axis 16 of the lifting drive device 13, so that they can move relative to one another through longitudinal guides 134, 135.

The drive-side wedge gear element 122 has a motorized drive unit 138, the drive-side wedge gear element 123 has a motorized drive unit 139. Both drive units 138, 139 together form the spindle drive arrangement 17.

The motor drive units 138, 139 have in common that in Figure 1 The drive spindle 18 shown, as well as the lifting drive device 13, 27 mounted on the machine frame 2 and consequently on the supporting structure side.

For the motorized drive units 138, 139, the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 are operated in such a way that they move towards each other along the positioning axis 16, for example, which results in a relative movement between the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 on the one hand and the driven-side wedge gear elements 124, 125 on the other . As a result of this relative movement, the double wedge 126 on the output side and the plunger 12 mounted on it are moved downward along the stroke axis 14. The punch, which is mounted on the ram 12, for example as an upper tool 11, executes a working stroke and processes a workpiece 10 mounted on the workpiece support 28, 29 or workpiece support 8. By moving the drive wedge elements 122, 123 in the opposite direction, the ram 12 is in turn moved along the Lifting axis 14 raised or moved upwards.

The above-described lifting drive device 13 according to Figure 2 is preferably constructed identically as a lower lifting drive device 27 and accommodates the lower tool 9.

In Figure 3 a schematic diagram of a possible stroke movement of the plunger 12 is shown. The diagram shows a stroke course along the Y-axis and the Z-axis. By superimposed control of a movement of the ram 12 along the stroke axis 14 and along the positioning axis 16, for example, an oblique stroke movement of the stroke ram 12 down towards the workpiece 10 can be controlled, as is shown by the first straight line A. Subsequently, after the stroke has been carried out, the plunger 12 can be lifted off vertically, for example, as indicated by the straight line B. is shown. Subsequently, for example, there is an exclusive movement along the Y-axis according to the straight line C in order to position the ram 12 for a new working position relative to the workpiece 10. The work sequence described above can then be repeated, for example. If the workpiece 10 is moved on the workpiece support surface 28, 29 for a subsequent processing step, a movement along the straight line C can also be omitted.

The ones in the diagram in Figure 3 The possible stroke movement of the ram 12 on the upper tool 11 shown is preferably combined with a lower tool 9 that is held stationary. The lower tool 9 is positioned within the machine frame 2 in such a way that at the end of a working stroke of the upper tool 11, the upper and lower tool 11, 9 assume a defined position.

This exemplary superimposed stroke profile can be controlled both for the upper tool 11 and for the lower tool 9. Depending on the machining of the workpiece 10 to be carried out, a superimposed stroke movement of the upper tool and / or lower tool 11, 9 can be controlled.

In Figure 4 A schematic diagram is shown which shows a stroke movement of the plunger 12 according to the line D shown by way of example along a Y-axis and a Z-axis. Deviating from Figure 3 In this exemplary embodiment, it is provided that a stroke movement of the plunger 12 can run through a curve or arc, in that a superimposition of the movement movements in the Y-direction and Z-direction is controlled accordingly by the controller 15. Such a flexible superimposition of the traversing movements in the X and Z directions enables specific machining tasks to be solved. The control of such a curve profile can be provided for the upper tool 11 and / or lower tool 9.

In Figure 5 FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the machine tool 1 according to FIG Figure 1 shown. On the machine frame 2 of the Machine tool 1 extends laterally a workpiece support 28, 29. The workpiece support 28 can, for example, be assigned to a loading station, not shown in detail, through which unprocessed workpieces 10 are placed on the workpiece support surface 28. Adjacent to the workpiece support surface 28, 29, a feed device 22 is provided which comprises a plurality of grippers 23 in order to grip the workpiece 10 placed on the workpiece support 28. The workpiece 10 is guided through the machine frame 2 in the X direction by means of the feed device 22. Preferably, the feed device 22 can also be actuated to be movable in the Y direction. As a result, a free movement of the workpiece 10 in the XY plane can be provided. Depending on the work task, the workpiece 10 can be moved by the feed device 22 both in the X direction and against the X direction. This movement of the workpiece 10 can be adapted to a movement of the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 in and against the Y-direction for the respective machining task.

Opposite the workpiece support 28, the further workpiece support 29 is provided on the machine frame 2. This can be assigned to an unloading station, for example. Alternatively, the loading and unloading of the unprocessed workpiece 10 and the processed workpiece 10 with workpieces 81 can also be assigned to the same workpiece support 28, 29.

The machine tool 1 can furthermore have a laser processing device 201, in particular a laser cutting machine, which is only shown schematically in a top view in FIG Figure 5 is shown. This laser processing device 201 can be designed, for example, as a CO ₂ laser cutting machine. The laser processing device 201 comprises a laser source 202 which generates a laser beam 203 which is guided to a laser processing head, in particular laser cutting head 206, by means of a schematically illustrated beam guide 204, and is focused therein. Thereafter, the laser beam 204 becomes perpendicular through a cutting nozzle aligned with the surface of the workpiece 10 in order to machine the workpiece 10. The laser beam 203 acts on the workpiece 10 at the machining location, in particular the cutting location, preferably together with a process gas jet. The cutting point at which the laser beam 203 strikes the workpiece 10 is adjacent to the processing point of the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9.

The laser cutting head 206 can be moved at least in the Y direction, preferably in the Y and Z directions, by a linear drive 207 with a linear axis system. This linear axis system, which receives the laser cutting head 206, can be assigned to the machine frame 2, attached to it or integrated therein. A beam passage opening can be provided in the workpiece support 28 below a working space of the laser cutting head 206. A beam collecting device for the laser beam 21 can preferably be provided below the beam passage opening. The beam passage opening and optionally the beam collecting device can also be designed as a structural unit.

The laser processing device 201 can alternatively also have a solid-state laser as the laser source 202, the radiation of which is guided to the laser cutting head 206 with the aid of a light guide cable.

The workpiece support 28, 29 can extend directly to the workpiece support 8, which at least partially surrounds the lower tool 9. The lower tool 9 can be moved along the lower positioning axis 25 in and against the Y direction within a free space that arises in between.

For example, a machined workpiece 10 rests on the workpiece support 28, in which a workpiece part 81 has been cut free from a cutting gap 83, for example by punching or by laser beam machining, except for a residual connection 82. This residual connection holds the workpiece 81 in the workpiece 10 or in the remaining skeleton. To separate the workpiece part 81 from the workpiece 10, the workpiece 10 is moved by means of the feed device 22 to the upper and lower tool 11, 9 positioned for a punching and discharge step. The remaining connection 82 is separated by a punching stroke of the upper tool 11 to the lower tool 9. The workpiece part 81 can be discharged downwards, for example, by partially lowering the workpiece support 8. Alternatively, in the case of larger workpiece parts 81, the workpiece part 81 that has been cut free can be transferred back to the workpiece support 28 or onto the workpiece support 29 in order to unload the workpiece part 81 and the scrap skeleton. Small workpiece parts 81 can also optionally be discharged through an opening in the lower tool 9.

In Figure 6 a perspective view of a tool 31 is shown, which is provided for punching, cutting, embossing and / or forming in the workpiece 10 with a pendulum stroke. Such a tool 31 is also referred to as a pendulum stroke tool. For the following description of this tool 31, reference is also made to the sectional view of the tool 31 in FIG Figure 7 Referenced.

The upper tool 11 comprises a base body 33 and a clamping pin 34 arranged thereon. These have a common position axis 35. The base body 33 and the clamping pin 34 can be formed in one piece. The base body 33 can also be held clamped on the clamping pin 34. An indexing wedge 36 is provided on the base body 33, by means of which the upper tool 11 is aligned in an upper tool holder of the machine tool 1. The base body 33 has a machining tool 37 opposite the clamping pin 34, which is provided on the base body 33. In this embodiment of the upper tool 11, it is provided that a hold-down surface 501 is provided on an underside of the base body 33. This hold-down surface 501 is preferably aligned at right angles to the position axis 35. A machining edge 38 of the machining tool 37 is provided adjacent to the hold-down surface 501. Two spaced apart are preferred Machining edges 38, 39 are provided. Between the machining edges 38, 39, a machining surface 502 is provided in the base body 33, which is recessed in relation to the machining edges 38, 39. As a result, a recess 503 is provided in the base body 33 starting from the hold-down surface 501. The at least one processing edge 38, 39 advantageously extends perpendicular to the position axis 35 and preferably along the entire base body 33. As a result, there is, for example, a groove-shaped depression that extends along the entire hold-down surface 501.

The lower tool 9 comprises a base body 41 in which an indexing element (not shown in detail) is provided, which is used to align the lower tool 9 in a lower tool holder of the machine tool 1. The lower tool 9 comprises a positioning axis 48. This positioning axis 48 can lie in the stroke axis 30, about which the lower tool 9 can be rotatably controlled.

A support surface 47 is provided on the base body 41 of the lower tool 9, which is oriented perpendicular to the position axis 48. The support surface 47 is preferably aligned parallel to the hold-down surface 501. A counter-tool body 93 is provided in the support surface 47. In the exemplary embodiment, an opening 46 is provided in the support surface 47 in which the counter-tool body 93 is positioned. This counter tool body 93 is preferably positioned in the support surface 47 such that the position axis 48 crosses the counter tool body 93. This support surface 47 can furthermore have sliding elements 513 which lie in the plane of the support surface 47 and minimize friction between the workpieces 10 and the support surface 47 of the lower tool 9 during a relative movement.

The counter tool body 93 is designed as a counter roller 505 which has at least one counter edge 506. Two opposing edges 506 and 507 arranged at a distance from one another are preferably provided. The distance between the machining edges 38, 39 advantageously corresponds to the distance between the opposing edges 506, 507 and twice the material thickness of the workpiece 10 to be machined during a deformation. When the workpiece part 81 is separated from the workpiece 10, the distance between the machining edges 38, 39 corresponds to the distance between the opposing edges 506, 507 and the cutting clearance. A machining device 508 is provided adjacent to the at least one counter edge 506 or between the two counter edges 506 and 507, which is raised with respect to the support surface 47 and protrudes in the direction of the upper tool 11. The at least one opposing edge 506, 507 is preferably in the plane of the support surface 47. The opposing edge 506, 507 is adjoined by a support surface 509, 510, which is preferably aligned with the holding-down surface 501, opposite the processing device 508. The upper side or upper edge of the sliding elements 513 lies in the plane of the support surface 509, 510. The counter roller 505 is rotatably mounted in the base body 41 of the lower tool 9 by an axis of rotation 511. The axis of rotation 511 is advantageously aligned perpendicular to the position axis 48 or parallel to the support surface 47.

The processing device 508 has a counter surface 521 in the form of an arc segment when viewed in cross section. By means of such a processing device 508 in cooperation with the processing tool 37, a bead 515 can be introduced into the workpiece 10, which has a course corresponding to the counter surface 521. Due to the design of the tool 31 with a counter-roller 505, which is used to reshape the workpiece 10, this tool 31 is also referred to as a rolling tool, in particular a beading tool or a roll-forming tool.

The production of a bead 515 in the workpiece 10 is described below with reference to FIG Figures 8 to 10 described in more detail. In the Figures 8 to 10 of the tool 31, the base body 33 with the machining tool 37 of the upper tool 11 and the base body 41 with the counter tool body 93 of the lower tool 9 are shown in a merely simplified schematic manner.

A plate-shaped workpiece 10 is positioned between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9. Then the Upper tool and / or lower tool 11, 9 moved towards one another, in particular along the stroke axis 14, 30, until they are in a processing position 516 according to FIG Figure 8 are convicted. In this machining position 516, the workpiece 10 is held clamped between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9. In this position, the hold-down surface 501 rests on an upper side of the workpiece 10 and holds the workpiece 10 down to the support surface 47 on the lower tool 9. In this machining position 516, the opposite surface 521 of the machining device 508 engages the underside of the workpiece 10 and deforms it into the recess 503 on the base body 33 of the upper tool 11. The machining edges 38, 39 are opposite the opposite edges 506, 507, at a distance the thickness of the workpiece 10. Due to the increased configuration of the processing device 508 and the opposing positioning of the processing edge 38 relative to the opposing edge 506 and the processing edge 39 relative to the opposing edge 507, the beginning of a bead 515 is introduced.

The upper tool 11 and the workpiece 10 are then held stationary and the lower tool 9 is controlled by a movement along the lower positioning axis 25. This is in Figure 9 shown. As a result of the movement of the lower tool 9 to the stationary upper tool 11, the bead 515 is introduced into the workpiece 10, which is also held stationary relative to the upper tool 11. The counter roller 505 provided on the lower tool 9 with the support surfaces 509, 510 and the counter surface 521 of the machining device 508 as well as the preferably provided sliding elements 513 promote a low coefficient of friction between the workpiece 10 and the lower tool 9. This first working stroke or pendulum stroke, in which the position axes 35 and 48 are offset parallel to one another, is then ended before the counter-roller 505 has reached one end of the machining edges 38, 39 of the machining tool 37.

In a subsequent step, which is carried out in Figure 10 is shown, the upper tool 11 is moved along the upper positioning axis 16. The lower tool 9 and the workpiece 10 remain stationary during this movement. During the movement of the upper tool 11, it can be lifted slightly with respect to the workpiece 10. The movement of the upper tool 11 can then be ended when the position axes 35, 38 are again aligned with one another. The traversing movement of the upper tool 11 can also be ended when a rear end section of the machining edge 38, 39 still holds the workpiece 10 in a clamping manner with respect to the machining device 508.

While the bead 515 is being introduced into the workpiece 10, the distance between the upper and lower tools 11, 9 in the region of the hold-down surface 501 and the support surface 47 preferably remains constant.

According to an alternative and not shown embodiment of the tool 31, instead of the counter roller 505, the machining device 508 can be provided stationary on the base body 41 of the lower tool 9. The contour and shape of the processing device 508 can correspond to that shown in FIG Figures 6 and 7 is shown. A stationary processing device 508 can be provided in particular if very thin workpieces or a very soft material of a workpiece are to be processed.

In the Figures 6 and 7 The illustrated embodiment of the tool 31 is schematically simplified in a side view in Figure 11 shown, the upper and lower tools 11, 9 being lifted from one another. In between, a sectional view of the machined workpiece 10 is shown. This makes it clear that the bead 515 is produced with the machining tool 37 on the upper tool 11 and a machining device 508 on the lower tool 9.

In Figure 12 FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to FIG Figure 11 shown. In this embodiment it is provided that the counter roller 505 has a processing device 508 with a counter surface 521 which has a cutting edge 520 and an adjoining inclined counter surface 521. This mating surface 521 is designed as an inclined conical surface.

The upper tool 11 comprises the machining edge 38, which lies opposite the opposite edge 506. The cutting edge 520 can be guided in the processing position 516 of the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 along a punching surface 522, which adjoins the hold-down surface 501 at right angles and protrudes into the recess 503. A processing surface 502 and the recess 503 are, for example, wider than the counter surface 521 of the processing device 508, so that a further processing edge 39 can come to rest on the support surface 47, for example. Such a tool 31 enables a cut 523 to be made in the workpiece 10, with a deformation or embossing taking place at the same time in order to form a gill 524 on the workpiece 10, for example.

In Figure 13 is an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to Figure 12 shown. In this embodiment it is provided that the machining device 508 likewise has a cutting edge 520, which, however, is adjoined by a bell-shaped counter surface 521. In addition, the machining edges 38, 39 of the machining tool 37 on the upper tool 11 are assigned to the mating edges 506 and 507 on the mating roller 505 of the mating tool body 93 on the lower tool 9. As a result, a cut 523 and a curved gill 524 can again be formed.

In Figure 14 is another alternative embodiment of the tool 31 to Figure 11 shown. In this embodiment, the upper tool 11 corresponds to the upper tool 11 according to FIG Figure 11 . The lower tool 9 receives a counter roller 505 with a processing device 508, in which two cutting edges 520 spaced apart from one another are provided. The opposing surface 521 is formed in between. The processing device 508 is designed as a cylindrical roller whose circumference is greater than that of the Opposite edges 506 and 507 or of the supporting surfaces 509, 510 adjoining them. By transferring the upper tool 11 and lower tool 9 to the machining position 516, a cut 523 is made between the machining edge 38 and the opposing edge 506 and between the machining edge 39 and the opposing edge 507. With such a cutting tool, a strip of material can be cut out of the workpiece 10.

In Figure 15 a further alternative embodiment of the tool 31 is provided. The upper tool 11 comprises a support roller 526 as a machining surface 502. An axis of rotation of this support roller 526 is preferably oriented at right angles to the position axis 35. This can also be oriented inclined to the position axis 35, depending on the contour to be introduced into the workpiece 10.

Such a support roller 526 can also be used in the embodiments described above.

The lower tool 9 has a step-shaped or S-shaped counter surface 521 as a counter roller 505. In this embodiment it is provided that a free edge of the workpiece 10 is reshaped or includes an embossing. In this case, the tool 31 can be referred to as a roll forming tool or roll stamping tool.

Claims (15)

1. Tool for processing planar workpieces (10), in particular metal sheets,

   - comprising an upper tool (11), which has a clamping shaft (34) and a main body (33), which lie in a common positioning axis (35), and a processing tool (37), which is arranged on the main body (33), opposite the clamping shaft (34), and has at least one processing edge (38, 39), and

   - comprising a lower tool (9), which comprises a main body (41) with a rest surface (47) for the workpiece (10) and comprises a counter body (93), which is provided on the main body (41), wherein the counter tool (93) is formed as a counter roller (505), which has at least one counter edge (506, 507), which is opposite the at least one processing edge (38, 39) of the processing tool (37),

   - wherein the main body (41) comprises a positioning axis (48), which is oriented perpendicularly to the rest surface (47), and

   - wherein the upper tool (11) and lower tool (9) are moveable towards one another in a stroke direction in order to process a workpiece (10) arranged between them, and a processing plane is formed between the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (9),
   characterised in

   - that the at least one processing edge (38, 39) of the processing tool (37) extends at least partially along a holding-down surface (501) provided on the main body (33),

   - that a processing device (508) is provided adjacently to the at least one counter edge (506, 507) and has at least one curved counter surface (521) oriented in the longitudinal direction of the processing edge (38, 39) of the processing tool (37).
2. Tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one processing edge (38, 39) extends along the entire main body (33).
3. Tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the at least one processing edge (38, 39) is oriented perpendicularly to the positioning axis (35) and preferably crosses the positioning axis (35) of the processing tool (37).
4. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the processing tool (37) of the upper tool (11) has a processing surface (502) adjacently to the processing edge (38, 39), which processing surface is preferably provided in an indentation (503) in the main body (33) of the upper tool (11).
5. Tool according to claim 4, characterised in that the indentation (503) in the main body (33) is delimited by the two processing edges (38, 39) distanced from one another, which preferably are distanced from one another in parallel.
6. Tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the counter tool body (93) is mounted in the main body (41) of the lower tool (9) rotatably about a rotation axis (511), preferably perpendicularly to the positioning axis (48).
7. Tool according to claim 6, characterised in that the counter edge (505, 506) is provided peripherally on the counter roller (505), which is adjoined by a support surface (509, 510), which is oriented relative to the holding-down surface (501) on the main body (33) of the upper tool (11) and preferably lies in a plane of the rest surface (47) of the lower tool (9).
8. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a counter surface (521) of the processing device (508) is arranged opposite the support surface (509, 501) and adjacently to the counter edge (506, 507) and engages at least partially in the indentation (503) in a processing position (516) of the upper tool (11) relative to the lower tool (9).
9. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the counter surface (521) is formed as a shaping surface or as a shaping surface with an adjacent cutting edge (520) on one side, or as a shaping surface with cutting edge (520) delimiting the shaping surface on both sides.
10. Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the processing surface (502) of the processing tool (37) is formed as a support roller (526).
11. Machine tool for processing planar workpieces, preferably metal sheets,

    - comprising an upper tool (11), which is moveable along a stroke axis (14) by means of a stroke drive device (13) in the direction of a workpiece (10) to be processed by the upper tool (11) and in the opposite direction and which is positionable along an upper positioning axis (16) running perpendicular to the stroke axis (14) and is displaceable by means of a drive assembly (17) along the upper positioning axis (16),

    - comprising a lower tool (9), which is oriented relative to the upper tool (11) and which is moveable along a lower stroke axis (30) by means of a stroke drive device (27) in the direction of the upper tool (11) and is positionable along a lower positioning axis (25), which is oriented perpendicularly to the stroke axis (14) of the upper tool (11), and is displaceable by means of a drive assembly (26) along the lower positioning axis (25),

    - comprising a controller (15), by means of which the motor drive assemblies (17, 26) are controllable in order to move the upper and lower tool (11, 9),
    characterised in that

    - the traversing movement of the upper tool (11) along the upper positioning axis (16) and the traversing movement of the lower tool (9) along the lower positioning axis (25) are controllable independently of one another, and in that

    - a tool (31) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is provided for processing workpieces (10).
12. Method for processing planar workpieces, preferably metal sheets,

    - in which an upper tool (11), which is moveable along a stroke axis (14) by means of a stroke drive device (13) in the direction of a workpiece (10) to be processed by means of the upper tool (11) and in the opposite direction and which is positionable along an upper positioning axis (16) running perpendicular to the stroke axis (14), is displaced along the upper positioning axis (16) by means of a drive assembly (17),

    - in which a lower tool (9), which is oriented relative to the upper tool (11) and is positionable along a lower positioning axis (25), which is oriented perpendicular to the stroke axis (14) of the upper tool (11), is displaced by means of a drive assembly (26) along the lower positioning axis (25),

    - in which the motor drive assemblies (17, 26) are actuated by means of a controller (15) in order to move the upper and lower tool (11, 9), characterised in

    - that a tool (31) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used to process the workpieces (10) and

    - that the upper tool (11) and/or the lower tool (9) are/is controlled with a stroke movement, such that the workpiece (10) is held clamped between the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (9), and

    - in order to process the workpiece (10),

    - the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (9) are displaced individually or jointly relative to one another around the positioning axis (35, 48), or

    - the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (9) are displaced individually or jointly relative to one another along the positioning axis (16, 25), or

    - the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (9) are rotated individually or jointly relative to one another about the stroke axis (14, 30) or are displaced jointly relative to one another along the positioning axis (16, 25).
13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that, in order to process the workpiece (10), after the stroke movement of the upper tool (11) and/or of the lower tool (9), so as to hold the workpiece (10) clamped therebetween, a first traversing movement of the lower tool (9) is controlled relative to the upper tool (11) along the lower positioning axis (25), such that the counter tool body (93) is displaced relative to the processing tool (37) along the lower positioning axis (25), and a traversing movement of the upper tool (11) is controlled along the upper positioning axis (16) while the lower tool (9) is held stationary.
14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the traversing movement of the upper tool (11) and of the lower tool (9) along the processing plane is controlled by a maximum working stroke, the workpiece (10) being held clamped by the processing edge (38, 39) of the processing tool (37) and the counter surface (521) of the processing device (508) of the counter tool body (93).
15. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterised in that, during the processing of the workpiece (10), a distance of the holding-down surface (501) of the upper tool (11) relative to the rest surface (47) of the lower tool (9) is held constant.

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